Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a submicron polymer powder from solid polymer bodies or coarse particles, preferably of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, wherein powder is ground into fibrous particles in the first stage and is disintegrated into submicron particles by aerodynamic treatment in the second stage, where a gas-particle mixture is subject to the effect of centrifugal forces and suction forces acting in the direction opposite to the centrifugal forces, a pulsating sign-alternating temperature field generated by a pulsed supply of liquid nitrogen, turbulent forces of vortexes, and aerodynamic forces that cause alternating compression and expansion of the gas-particle mixture.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention create a cost-effective process that improves ZT value while enabling the TE materials to be scaled-up for mass production. Several embodiments of the invention include a thermoelectric material comprised of nanopowder and a nanomaterial. The nanomaterial may be in the form of a nanowire, nanofiber, nanotube, nanocrystal or similar form or combination of forms. Other embodiments include a method of creating a thermoelectric material through mixing and consolidating the nanomaterial and nanopowder into a solid. Additional embodiments may involve a thermoelectric module with P and N type semiconductors of the nanomaterial and nanopowder.

Abstract: A seashell collecting and crushing apparatus includes a collection device having a hollow body and an inlet for introducing seashells into the hollow body. A fan assembly is operable to provide a suction airstream for drawing seashells into the hollow body. A crusher is positioned to receive seashells from an outlet of the collection device and pulverize the seashells received from the collection device into a fine particulate matter releasable through an outlet of the crusher. The fan assembly and the crusher are driven by a common driving arrangement. A method includes using the apparatus for removing seashells from the beach using the suction airstream to introduce seashells through the inlet into the hollow body, separating the seashells entering the hollow body from the suction airstream, pulverizing the seashells into a fine particulate matter using the crusher and exhausting the fine particulate matter through the outlet of the crusher.

Abstract: Polycrystalline silicon of the invention contains: (a) polycrystalline silicon fragments, wherein at least 90% of the fragments have a size from 10 to 40 mm, (b) <15 ppmw of silicon dust particles having particle sizes <400 ?m; (c) <14 ppmw of silicon dust particles having particle sizes <50 ?m; (d) <10 ppmw of silicon dust particles having particle sizes <10 ?m; (e) <3 ppmw of silicon dust particles having particle sizes <1 ?m; and (f) surface metal impurities in an amount ?0.1 ppbw and ?100 ppbw. A polycrystalline silicon production method of the invention includes fracturing polycrystalline silicon deposited on thin rods in a Siemens reactor into fragments; classifying the fragments by size; and treating the fragments with compressed air or dry ice to remove silicon dust from the fragments without wet chemical cleaning.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, wherein an aqueous polymer gel is applied by means of a swivel belt to the conveyor belt of a forced-air belt drier, and the swivel belt, proceeding from one end position, is accelerated through a first pivot angle to an angular speed v1, decelerated through a second pivot angle to an angular speed v2 and decelerated through a third pivot angle to the other end position.

Abstract: An apparatus including a gear assembly; a first blade section and a second blade section. The first blade section includes a first shaft. The first shaft is connected to gears of the gear assembly and extends from a first side of the gear assembly. The second blade section includes a second shaft and a cutting blade. The second shaft is connected to the gears of the gear assembly and extends from a second opposite side of the gear assembly. The gear assembly is configured to rotate the second shaft in an opposite direction of rotation relative to rotation of the first shaft.

Abstract: The invention utilizes a carbon nano material to nanotize a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, thereby forming single or multiple crystals to enhance the surface to volume ratio and hydrogen diffusion channel of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material. Therefore, the hydrogen storage material has higher hydrogen storage capability, higher absorption/desorption rate, and lower absorption/desorption temperature.

Abstract: A system and process for separating eggshell membranes from eggshells. The system and process may utilize airflow through a venturi to pulverize the eggshell and thereby separate the eggshell from the membrane. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the process may also extract moisture from the membrane and eggshell. The system may further be configured to collect the pulverized eggshell particles separately from the membrane material.

Abstract: A vertical grinding mill is provided including a closed vertical milling container in which a screw conveyor is arranged for rotary drive so as to convey grinding bodies to the top. The package of grinding bodies adjusts itself during operation such that the surface thereof is configured to slope radially outwards and downwards and to end in the region of the bottom edge of an outlet for grinding stock. Gas is introduced into the milling container above the package of grinding bodies. The gas and grinding stock are discharged from the milling container via the outlet for grinding stock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing coal consumption in coal fired plant with fluidized-bed drying, namely a fluidized-bed drying system is provided between a coal powder bunker as well as a weighing belt and a coal grinding mill of the prior coal fired boiler generating set, and superheated steam which has done partial work is extracted from an steam turbine and used as a drying medium, moisture contained in the coal powder is evaporated with sensible heat and latent heat of the superheated steam, water resulted from the condensation of the superheated steam is fed into a deaerator of the steam turbine via a condensate pump for recirculation. The present invention has advantages of reducing coal consumption and saving coal, recovering residual heat, reducing emission of carbon dioxide and adopting to the national industrial policy on energy saving and emission reduction.

Abstract: An apparatus wherein the gas enters from an opening 4 located in a part of a compaction chamber 3 and is dragged through a granulator 5, a fractioning device 12, a special cyclone 11 and a filter system 8A to a suction fan, which creates a gas stream. In such apparatus the bulk to be compacted 1, the fine particles to be compacted again and the compacted bulk have the same flow direction than the carrier gas. Due to its complete or partial impermeability, the structure of the apparatus makes also possible the use of a gas different from normal air. This is important when the bulk is sensible to oxygen.

Abstract: Machines for distributing loosefill insulation from a package of compressed loosefill insulation are provided. The package of compressed loosefill insulation includes a bag encapsulating a body of compressed loosefill insulation. The machine includes a chute having an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the chute is configured to receive the package of compressed loosefill insulation. A plurality of shredders is mounted at the outlet end of the chute and configured to shred and pick apart the loosefill insulation. A bag digester is configured to shred the bag into short strips of shredded bag. The short strips of shredded bag are configured to mix with the shredded loosefill insulation. A discharge mechanism is positioned downstream from the bag digester and the shredders and is configured for distributing the shredded loosefill insulation and the short strips of shredded bag into an airstream.

Abstract: A machine for distributing blowing wool from a bag of compressed blowing wool includes a chute configured to receive the bag, a shredder mounted at an outlet end of the chute and configured to shred the bag and to pick apart the blowing wool, a rotatably mounted ripper, distinct from the shredder, mounted to rip apart a portion of the bag, and a blower for distributing the blowing wool and shredded bag into an airstream.

Abstract: A system for producing snow incorporates a snow-making machine with ice supplied externally or manufactured on-site. The snow-making machine has one or more multi-bladed impellers fitted blades which impact ice blocks, pieces or tubes fed to the inlet of a snow-making chamber. The impact of the blades with the ice in a velocity range 150-300 Km/h produces artificial snow, with characteristics very similar to natural snow, suitable for ski-fields or other applications for snow. The blades may incorporate serrated or jagged cutter portions the break the latter ice pieces to sizes suitable for conversion to snow.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing board insulation into granules of loosefill insulation are provided. The apparatus includes an upper unit having inlet and outlet ends. The inlet end is configured to receive board insulation. The upper unit is configured to break the board insulation into small pieces. A lower unit is connected to the upper unit. The lower unit is configured to receive the small pieces of board insulation exiting the upper unit. The lower unit includes a plurality of conditioning mechanisms configured to condition the small pieces thereby resulting in granules of loosefill insulation. The lower unit further includes a distribution mechanism configured to distribute the granules of loosefill insulation into an airstream. A distribution hose is connected to the lower unit and configured to convey the granules from the apparatus to a building insulation cavity. The granules are configured for use as loosefill insulation within the building cavity.

Abstract: Method for industrial processing of charcoal ash (1) created in the power plants by separating a carbonaceous product from the mentioned charcoal ash to be reused and by gathering essentially carbon free, siliceous ash products gained during the processing.

Abstract: A roller mill for grinding particulate material such as cement raw materials, cement clinker and similar materials includes a mill housing, a substantially horizontal and stationary grinding table, and a number of rollers each rotating about a roller shaft which is connected to a rotatable vertical shaft centrally positioned relative to the stationary grinding table. The rollers are configured for interactive operation with the grinding table. The grinding table is stationary. The roller mill also includes at least one first device utilized for introducing gases into the mill housing and at least one second device for continuously diverting ground material suspended in gases out of the mill housing. As a consequence hereof, the process for the roller mill with a stationary grinding table will be continuous and the diameter of the grinding table will not be subject to limitations.

Abstract: A roller mill for grinding particulate material such as cement raw materials, cement clinker and similar materials comprises a mill housing surrounding a substantially horizontal grinding table, a number of rollers each rotating about a roller shaft and configured for interactive operation with the grinding table and at least one mechanism or device for introducing gases into the mill housing. The at least one mechanism or device for introducing gases into the mill housing comprises an annular duct having openings in a wall facing the grinding table and being located around the outer circumference of the grinding table. As a consequence hereof, a significant reduction of the pressure loss in a roller mill and thus a significant reduction of energy consumption will be ensured.

Abstract: In a roller mill (1, 46), in particular a coal mill, comprising a mill housing (2) comprising a rotating grinding table (4) with grinding tools located thereon, in particular grinding rolls (5), a grind material feed (9), a classifier (8), at least one grind material exit (11), at least one sealing gas seal (14, 16, 17, 19) that seals off the mill interior (31) from the outside atmosphere in the area of moving mill elements and a carrier gas feed (12), wherein the roller mill (1, 46) can be operated in pressurized mode, a solution is to be provided that facilitates the use of recirculated stack gas as sealing gas without significantly affecting the mill environment.

Abstract: The subject mater herein relates to coal mills and, more particularly, inferential pulverized fuel flow sensing and manipulation within a coal mill. Various embodiments provide systems, methods, and software to manipulate a primary air flow rate and a coal feed rate into a coal mill to produce a target pulverized fuel flow. Some embodiments include sensing a differential pressure between two or more locations within a coal mill to estimate a recirculated load of coal at one or more stages within the coal mill.

Abstract: A mill having a grinding member carrying one or more fixed openings (37) at its periphery, wherein in the vicinity of the fixed opening(s) there is provided one or more variable openings (36), the fixed and variable openings permitting air to flow from beneath the grinding member to above the grinding member. This arrangement allows for good air flow control; air speed may be kept desirably low even when the mill must be run at a high mass flow rate.

Abstract: There is provided a method of preparing particles of a predetermined size range from material the method comprising: (A) introducing the material into a circuit comprising: (a) a mill for milling the material into particles; (b) a gas circulator for circulating a stream of gas around the circuit in which the material and the particles are entrained; and (c) a separator for separating particles of the pre-determined size range from particles greater than the pre-determined size range; (B) circulating the material to the mill; (C) milling the material to produce particles; (D) circulating the particles to the separator; (E) separating the particles into first particles having the predetermined size range and second particles having a size greater than the pre-determined size range; (F) removing the first particles from the circuit; and (G) circulating the second particles to the mill for further milling.

Abstract: A drying and milling apparatus includes a housing and a rotatable section. The housing has an air or gas inlet and a product inlet at a first end and a product outlet at a second end. The rotatable section has a plurality of blades which extend radially from a hub portion of the rotatable section and are adapted to rotate within the housing and to break up and to mill any product that is introduced into the housing. The product inlet is configured to direct any incoming product directly onto the blades of the rotatable section. Also included is a sewerage processing plant incorporating at least one drying and milling apparatus substantially as specified herein, a method of drying and milling substantially dewatered sewage and a sewage treatment process incorporating a method of drying and milling substantially dewatered sewage substantially as herein described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for drying and deagglomerating moist feed material, whereby the feed material is kneaded, mixed and broken up by the action of at least one roller rolling on a driven plate and is dried by means of hot gas supplied thereto. The invention also relates to a method for converting this device into a mill drying device, whereby the at least one roll is provided with a pressing device.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of improving an existing pulveriser mill by provision of an improved port ring (124) located around the circumference of a grinding ring of the mill for common rotation therewith. The conventional port ring has openings separated by thin vanes. The improved port ring (124) has wider openings (142) now separated by lands (144). The wider openings can pass more unground materials back through the port ring as rejected material but the overall air mass flow can be kept unchanged.

Abstract: A rotor processor includes a stator chamber and a rotor mounted for rotation within the chamber. The rotor has a perimeter edge spaced closely to the interior wall of the chamber so as to define a slit or gap there between. The rotor is slidably mounted upon a rotor shaft, for movement between raised and lowered positions during operation of the processor, so as to automatically adjust the dimension of the slit, without operator intervention. As air flows from a plenum beneath the rotor, through the slit, and into the chamber, a pressure differential is created, which provides a lifting force to raise the rotor. The pressure drop is maintained relatively constant at a predetermined level after a lifting equilibrium force is achieved, regardless of the air flow volume.

Abstract: A pulverizer includes a cutting rotor with a multiplicity of cutting blades, a cutting stator surrounding the cutting rotor with a plurality of stator blades, a milling stock inlet for the milling stock feed and a discharge screen in direction of rotation of the cutting rotor located after the milling stock inlet, wherein all stator blades in direction of rotation of the cutting rotor are arranged between the milling stock inlet and the discharge screen. Furthermore, an operating method for a pulverizer as described above is also contemplated.

Abstract: A pulverized material producing system capable of producing a pulverized material dried sufficiently from a raw material, while at the same time suppressing production costs, even in the case where the raw material has a high moisture content and viscosity, is provided. A pulverized material producing system that includes a pulverizer 2, a container 3, and a heated air supplier 4 that supplies heated air is used. The container 3 includes a first inlet 10, second inlets 11a and 11b, a first outlet 12, and a second outlet 13, and is configured so that a swirl flow 35 is created within the container. The heated air is supplied by the heated air supplier 4 to the interior of the container 3 via the second inlets 11a and 11b. The pulverizer 2 includes a casing 20 provided with a suction port 22 and a discharge port 23, an impeller, and a screen 24 that has many pores, and has blower functionality.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vertical grinding mill comprising a closed vertical milling container in which a screw conveyor is arranged for rotary drive so as to convey grinding bodies to the top. The package of grinding bodies adjusts itself during operation such that the surface thereof is configured to slope radially outwards and downwards and to end in the region of the bottom edge of an outlet for grinding stock. Gas is introduced into the milling container above the package of grinding bodies. The gas and grinding stock are discharged from the milling container via the outlet for grinding stock.

Abstract: In order to manufacture the compound powder or the porous granulated substance in an efficient manner, a powder processing apparatus has an accumulating face on which the processing target powder is to be accumulated and a processing face disposed in opposition to the accumulating face and convexly curved, and a moving means for moving the accumulating face and the processing face along the accumulating face relative to each other. The apparatus comprises an excitement treatment means capable of applying an excitation energy to the processing target powder accumulated on the accumulating face from an excitation energy supplying portion disposed in opposition to the accumulating face or an oscillation means for oscillating the accumulating face or the processing face in a direction intersecting the accumulating face.

Abstract: The invention utilizes a carbon nano material to nanotize a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, thereby forming single or multiple crystals to enhance the surface to volume ratio and hydrogen diffusion channel of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material. Therefore, the hydrogen storage material has higher hydrogen storage capability, higher absorption/desorption rate, and lower absorption/desorption temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying and powderizing organic material. The apparatus includes at least one chamber including: an intake adapted to receive warm air and the material into the at least one chamber, and an outlet adapted to transport warm air and powder out of the at least one chamber; at least one rotatable drive shaft in the at least one chamber adapted to rotated; and at least one blade assembly on the at least one drive shaft. The blade assembly includes a blade hub about the rotatable drive shaft and at least one blade coupled to the blade hub, wherein the at least one blade is adapted to powderize the material to expose a surface of the material to the warm air so that moisture in the material evaporates into the warm air.

Abstract: To provide a cement burning apparatus and a method of drying high-water-content organic waste capable of reducing a danger of explosion at a facility for drying; avoiding decreased value of dried sludge as a fuel: and more efficiently drying high-water-content organic waste. The cement burning apparatus 1 comprises a dryer 6 for drying high-water-content organic waste of which water content is 40 mass percent or more, in which combustion gas extracted from outlet portions or ceiling portions of preheater cyclones 3A to 3D of a cement kiln 2 is fed to the dryer 6. As the dryer 6, a grinding-type flash dryer, which directly contacts the combustion gas G with the high-water-content organic waste W while grinding it, can be used.

Abstract: A granular material grinder and method of use includes a hammer mill for reducing incoming granular material into particulate material, a microgrinder for reducing the particulate matter into microground powder by particulate matter to particulate matter collisions, and a product collector to collect the microground powder portion. The granular material grinder having the feature of being operated in a closed system to facilitate efficient recovery of grain into microground powder and operable in a cooled inert gas to prevent any compound degradation due to temperature or oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method for reducing the size of a hygroscopic material while simultaneously drying the material at a relatively low temperature to a predetermined value during the reduction process. The present invention utilizes a preconditioning make-up air system to significantly dehumidify the make-up air to values in the range of 0.02 grains per pound of dry air while limiting the temperature of the make-up air exiting the preconditioning make-up air system to below a predetermined critical value. While not limited in its application to any one particular hygroscopic material, the present invention is particularly adapted to uses where the product is a temperature-sensitive, water adsorbing material such as sodium sesquicarbonate or trona ore.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for grinding cellulose, in which a raw cellulose material (6) is uniformly moistened with a given quantity of liquid by means of a moistening unit (1) before being ground in a grinding mill (2). A first conveying mechanism (3) conveys the raw cellulose material (6) to the moistening unit (1) while a second conveying mechanism (4) conveys the moist raw cellulose material on the grinding mill (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for mechanical processing of pigments or pharmaceutically active substances in the form of particles of raw product. In a first method step, the particles are classified as to size, wherein particles that are classified as fine particles inside the classifier are discharged as acceptable materials and wherein large particles that remain as residual material in the classifier are supplied to a comminuting device, where the particles are comminuted during a second processing step.

Abstract: Described is a method as well as a plant for drying and comminution of moist, mineral raw materials, such as chalk, marl and clay, by which method the raw materials are dried and comminuted subject to simultaneous supply of hot gases in a drier crusher (8) from which the material is subsequently directed in suspended form to a separator (11) in which it is separated into a coarse fraction which is returned to the drier crusher (8) for further drying and comminution and into a fine fraction which is directed to the next stage of the process and where any hard material components such as flint, sand and marble are subjected to grinding in a separate grinding unit (16). The method and plant is peculiar in that a part quantity of the coarse fraction from the separator (11) is proportionately fed to the separate grinding unit (16) for the grinding of hard material components.

Abstract: A refining plate for refining lignocellulosic material including: a radially outer peripheral edge and a substrate surface; a refining zone having a plurality of substantially radially disposed bars and grooves between the bars, wherein the bars protrude upward from the substrate surface and the grooves each have a groove width, and a steam channel traversing the bars and grooves of the refining zone, wherein the steam channel has a radially outer end radially inward of the outer peripheral edge of the plate and the steam channel has a width substantially greater than the groove width.

Abstract: A granular material grinder and method of use includes a hammer mill for reducing incoming granular material into particulate material, a microgrinder for reducing the particulate matter into microground powder by particulate matter to particulate matter collisions, and a product collector to collect the microground powder portion. The granular material grinder having the feature of being operated in a closed system to facilitate efficient recovery of grain into microground powder and operable in a cooled inert gas to prevent any compound degradation due to temperature or oxygen.

Abstract: A substantially dry and dust free method of recovering ladle slag is allowing hot ladle slag to cool to powder form in a controlled environment and collecting the powder in a receiver therefor. A vessel having a chamber containing in an upper portion a screen through which ladle slag can pass into a receiver below and means for cooling the slag in the vessel are provided.

Abstract: Blending methods for adding and uniformly mixing a small fraction of relatively small particles (additives) to a bulk particulate powder of larger size than the additives. In particular, the present invention provides blending methods for adding and uniformly mixing a small percentage of flow/fluidization additives into fine powders, especially fine paint powders. The fine powder and additives are first pre-mixed for macro-scale homogeneity and then further mixed at a micro-scale (such as with a screen mixing process) for micro-scale homogeneity. With these methods, optimum dispersions and maximum functionalities of additives can be obtained and the disadvantages caused by severe agglomerates of additives can be avoided.

Abstract: A substantially dried XF•nH2O2 product is produced by method(s) wherein a feed solution comprised of (i) a XF composition wherein X is K, Na+ or NH4+ and n is an integer from 1 to 3, (ii) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), (iii) a fluid carrier component and (iv) a potassium bifluoride (KHF2) catalyst, is atomized as it enters a desiccation/evaporation chamber. The atomized feed solution coats fluidized particles passing through the desiccation/evaporation chamber. The coated fluidized particles are dried by a pre-heated gas stream and thereby creating fluid-bed particles that are coated with a layer of the XF•nH2O2 compound. The resulting XF•nH2O2 coated fluid-bed particles are then subjected to disintegration forces that serve to break substantial portions of the layer of dried XF•nH2O2 material from the outer surfaces of he individual fluid-bed particles. These dried XF•nH2O2 are then recovered as the product of these production methods.

Abstract: A solid waste treatment apparatus and method includes a process vessel with an exterior and an interior. Outlets are provided in the process vessel for introducing gas into the interior from the exterior through the outlets where the outlets are adjustable such that gas may be directed toward a location of the interior of the process vessel. Further, a load sensor is coupled to the process vessel for automatically sensing capacity of the process vessel as the process vessel is loaded with solid waste.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to efficiently recycle a plastic resin material used in a process cartridge. To achieve this object, in a method of recycling a plastic material of a process cartridge, the process cartridge is crushed in a crushing step while particles such as toner are collected by suction, particles including toner are further separated in a screening step, metal materials are separated in a magnetic selection step, a drum magnetic selection step, and an eddy current step, particles including toner and foreign matter are separated in an air selection step, a secondary crushing step, a peeling step, and a dry gravity separation step, and a plastic material having a specific density is separated in a color selection step.

Abstract: This invention discloses a high pressure media mill (HPMM) and processes for use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for sorting particles composed of a mixture of particles with differing physical and chemical characteristics.

Abstract: Contaminants are removed from RPET flakes by a process which includes the steps of comminuting the RPET flakes to produce RPET particles and driving the contaminants out from the RPET particles.

Abstract: A method of feeding a wood batch into a pressure grinder, the method comprising first collecting the wood batch to be fed into the grinder into a separate batch chamber above a side feeding chamber, from which the wood batch is lowered vertically by means of a separate supporting plate to the side feeding chamber. Thereafter, the wood batch is transferred from the side feeding chamber into the feeding chamber. An arrangement for feeding a wood batch into a pressure grinder comprises a batch chamber above a side feeding chamber and in which the wood batch to be fed into the pressure grinder is formed before it is lowered into the side feeding chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making flours having a high food safety level comprising the grinding of grains previously cleaned and moistened, characterized in that, prior to or simultaneously with said grinding, said grains are brought into contact with ozone produced from a carrier gas, preferably in a quantity of between 0.5 and 20 expressed in grams of ozone per kilo of grains.