Abstract: A process and system for producing an engineered fuel product that meets customer specifications for composition and combustion characteristics is provided. The engineered fuel product is preferably a high-BTU, alternative fuel that burns cleaner than coal or petroleum coke (petcoke) and has significantly reduced NOx, SO2 and GHG emissions.

Abstract: In order to be able to operate a dust separator with or without a lower closure element (44), the closure element (44) is part of a separate closure unit (40) which is mounted under the dust separator if required. For this purpose, the dust separator, the closure unit (40) and optionally further components, such as a delivery flow generator, are kept available in a kit so as to be able to assemble the treatment unit as required. The dust separator can be operated in batches by means of the closure element (44).

Abstract: Provided is a method for processing electronic and electrical device component scraps, which can selectively recover a substrate scrap including a substance intended to be recovered. A method for processing electronic and electrical device component scraps, including separating a substrate with lead wires contained in the electronic and electrical device component scraps before sorting the electronic and electrical device component scraps by magnetic sorting.

Abstract: A polyolefin film having between about 10% and about 95%, by weight of the polyolefin film, of recycled polyolefin is described. The polyolefin film has an Average Hole Count between about 0.0 and about 10.0, according to the Gel Count Test Method. The polyolefin film has an Average Gel Count between about 0.0 and about 100.0, according to the Gel Count Test Method. The polyolefin film has an Average Relative Gel Height between about 0.0% and about 150.0%. The polyolefin film has a Total Spot Count between about 0.0 and about 100.0, according to the Gel Count Test Method.

Abstract: A method for producing a powdered starting material, which is provided for production of rare earth magnets, including includes the following steps: pulverizing an alloy, including at least one rare earth metal, wherein a powdered intermediate product is formed from the alloy including the at least one rare earth metal, and carrying out at least one classification aimed at particle size and/or particle density for the powdered intermediate product. A fraction of the powdered intermediate product, which is formed by the at least one classification, is used for fabrication of rare earth magnets. Furthermore, at least one dynamic classifier is provided, implementing at least one classification directed at particle size and/or particle density for the powdered intermediate product and thereby separates the fraction from the powdered intermediate product, which forms the starting material for manufacturing rare earth magnets.

Abstract: The system for preparing silica aerogel according to the present invention comprises a raw material supply part transferring at least one raw material of de-ionized water, water glass, a surface modifier, an inorganic acid, and an organic solvent to a mixing part, the mixing part mixing the raw materials transferred from the raw material supply part to produce silica wet gel, a drying part drying the silica wet gel to produce the silica aerogel, a recovery part recovering a portion of the vaporized raw material of the raw materials used in at least one of the mixing part and the drying part, and a heat transfer part transferring heat to at least one of the mixing part and the drying part, wherein the system further comprises a pulverizing part that pulverizes the raw material from the row material supply part to the mixing part.

Abstract: A recycling process that facilitates separation of materials from metallic substrates by cryogenically cooling the recyclable items to induce embrittlement of the metals. Embrittled metals may be shattered more efficiently and with a higher yield of materials bound to the metallic substrates. Metal embrittlement may be induced by mixing the source stream with liquid nitrogen, and cooling the stream to approximately minus 200° F. Multiple recovery stages may be employed to maximize the yield of the target materials. Embodiments may enable recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from catalytic converters with metallic foil substrates. Yield of PGMs may be enhanced by employing a primary recovery stage and a secondary recovery stage, by cryogenically cooling input materials for each stage, by mixing the pulverized material in secondary recovery with an aqueous solution to dissipate attractive charges, and by wet screening the pulverized material slurry to obtain the PGM particles.

Abstract: A silicon rod crushing method relatively moves an application position of high-voltage pulse discharge to a silicon rod in a longitudinal direction thereof while rotating the silicon rod to thereby crush the silicon rod.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for recycling aluminum alloy wheels. The method includes the steps of providing a feed of aluminum alloy wheels of a particular alloy; fragmenting the aluminum alloy wheels into a plurality of fragments, such that newly exposed surfaces of the plurality of fragments have an interior composition; determining a newly exposed surface indicia for distinguishing each newly exposed surface in the feed of aluminum alloy wheels; determining an aggregate composition estimate by determining a plurality of composition measurements of the material of fragments of the plurality of fragments; and providing the plurality of fragments, and the aggregate composition estimate, for use in manufacturing at least one component made from aluminum alloy.

Abstract: A plant for recovering and treating residues from crushing scrap is provided. The plant includes a first plant part and a second plant part. The first plant part is provided with crushing and separation means configured to extract ferrous materials, non-ferrous metals and plastic materials from the residues from crushing. The separation means are provided with a granulator system configured to reduce, in dry mode and without pre-screening stages, the residues from crushing into a stream of granular material. The second plant part is provided with means to treat and size the plastic materials configured to transform the plastic materials into additive material to be used, in particular, in iron and steel plants such as blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces or suchlike. The means to treat and size the plastic materials includes a dry system for cutting and/or grinding the plastic materials.

Abstract: A method of operating an apparatus for the comminution of a botanical feedstock wherein a blade that is positioned above a screen and the blade is rotated at a rate of rotation, wherein the trailing portion of the blade generates turbulence that induces upward movement of cut and partially cut feedstock from the upper surface of the screen to a plane of rotation of the cutting edge of the blade.

Abstract: A method and a plant for producing secondary solid fuel (SSF) provide for removing fine and heavy waste from a flow of treated waste and further subdividing the remaining waste into intermediate waste and light waste. Only the fraction of intermediate waste is subjected to removal of chlorinated plastics (PVC). Advantageously, thanks to the fact that only a small fraction of the treated waste is subjected to removal of the chlorinated plastics, high efficiency in the treatment of waste and in the production of SSF is obtained. Preferably, the intermediate waste fraction is also subjected to removal of ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum.

Abstract: A method of producing titanium cobbles includes: a preparation step of preparing a scrap material containing 50% by mass or more of metal titanium; a first crushing step of roughly crushing the scrap material using a first crusher; a second crushing step of crushing the scrap material, which has been roughly crushed in the first crushing step, using a second crusher; a dust collection step of collecting fine dust of the scrap material generated in the second crushing step; and a first classification step of classifying products obtained by crushing the scrap material, which have been generated in the second crushing step, into medium particles with particle sizes within a predetermined particle size range, large particles with particle sizes larger than the particle size range, and small particles with particle sizes smaller than the particle size range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-cyclone and to a method for operating such a multi-cyclone for separating fine material and very fine material. In this context, a multi-cyclone according to the invention has multiple individual cyclones which are of essentially identical construction and which are housed in a housing that has an upper and a lower chamber. Via a supply into the lower chamber it is possible to introduce in a targeted manner cyclone regulating air which can be used to set the quantity, the fineness and/or the purity of the material separated by means of the multi-cyclone.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for recycling aluminum alloy wheels. The method includes the steps of providing a feed of aluminum alloy wheels of a particular alloy; fragmenting the aluminum alloy wheels into a plurality of fragments, such that newly exposed surfaces of the plurality of fragments have an interior composition; determining a newly exposed surface indicia for distinguishing each newly exposed surface in the feed of aluminum alloy wheels; determining an aggregate composition estimate by determining a plurality of composition measurements of the material of fragments of the plurality of fragments; and providing the plurality of fragments, and the aggregate composition estimate, for use in manufacturing at least one component made from aluminum alloy.

Abstract: Solid waste that includes a mixture of wet organic material and dry organic material can be are separated using mechanical separation to produce a wet organic stream enriched in wet organics and a dry organic stream enriched in dry organics. The separated wet organic stream and dry organic stream are separately converted to renewable or recyclable products using different conversion techniques particularly suited for the separated wet and dry organic streams.

Abstract: A system and a process for dry recovery of iron oxide fines from iron hearing compact and semicompact rocks are provided, which system and process utilize primary, secondary and tertiary crushing components for preliminarily reducing the granulometry of ores containing the iron oxide fines in compact and semicompact rocks. Dynamic air classifier components are provided for finely grinding iron oxide minerals reduced through primary, secondary and tertiary crushing, along with static air classification components arranged in series for intermediate granulometric cuts and bag filters for retaining fine fraction. The system and process further comprise magnetic rolls, for magnetic separation, arranged in cascade at a variable leaning angle and formed by at least one of high or low magnetic intensity magnets.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing bulked continuous carpet filament which, in various embodiments, comprises: (A) grinding recycled PET bottles into a group of flakes; (B) washing the flakes; (C) identifying and removing impurities, including impure flakes, from the group of flakes; (D) passing the group of flakes through an MRS extruder while maintaining the pressure within the MRS portion of the MRS extruder below about 5 millibars; (E) passing the resulting polymer melt through at least one filter having a micron rating of less than about 50 microns; and (F) forming the recycled polymer into bulked continuous carpet filament that consists essentially of recycled PET.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of repairing damage of an aircraft engine component made of or comprising weldable thermoplastic material, which method comprises welding of the weld filler material into an initially prepared damaged area. Also disclosed are the use of plastic welding technique for repairing damaged aircraft engine components made of weldable thermoplastic materials.

Abstract: A method is provided to clean glass mixed with non-glass undifferentiated trash. In the method, the glass pieces are kept as large as possible to thereby minimize the amount of surface area that needs to be cleaned. The glass pieces are cleaned without washing the glass pieces with water or a surfactant during the cleaning process. The non-glass contaminants are liberated from the glass by drying and abrasion, and then removed from the glass by screening and density separation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of solid surfaces for construction, in particular large boards made from completely inorganic components, for use as kitchen worktops, bathroom surfaces, building cladding materials, flooring and for other uses related to the field of construction. The invention is suitable for both indoor and outdoor environments.

Abstract: A method and system of recycling aluminum alloy rims, the method and system comprising providing a feed of a plurality of aluminum alloy rims of different alloys, for each rim in the feed of aluminum alloy rims, determining a composition of that aluminum alloy rim, determining a plurality of recycled aluminum alloy composition ranges, and dividing the feed of aluminum alloy rims into a plurality of batches of aluminum alloy rims, each batch of aluminum alloy rims in the plurality of batches of aluminum alloy rims corresponding to an associated recycled aluminum alloy composition range in the plurality of recycled aluminum composition ranges, such that each rim in the plurality of aluminum alloy rims is allocated to an associated batch in the plurality of batches of aluminum alloy rims based on the composition of that aluminum alloy rim.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a supply of post-consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for drying and concentrating, using waste vapor, which includes: a vapor supplying unit that produces and supplies vapor, using a boiler; a vapor storing unit that temporarily stores the vapor from the vapor supplying unit; a drying/concentrating unit that receives the vapor from the vapor storing unit and dries/concentrates a high-moisture material, in an indirect heat transfer type; a waste vapor collecting unit that collects waste vapor produced from the high-moisture material in the drying/concentrating unit; a vapor compressing unit that compresses the waste vapor collected by the waste vapor collecting unit; a condensate water discharging unit that separates condensate water, which is discharged after used as heat source in the drying/concentrating unit, and stink gases and discharges them; and a stink gas supplying line through which the stink gases separated by the condensate water discharging unit is supplied to the boiler.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure a system for capturing proppant dust particles when positioned at a fracking operation site including a proppant delivery assembly to receive one or more containers having proppant stored therein. The system dispenses the proppant from the one or more containers and delivers the proppant to other fracking operation equipment. Moreover, the system includes a dust collection assembly positioned proximate and associated with the proppant delivery assembly to capture dust particles released by movement and settling of the proppant when being dispensed and delivered by the proppant delivery assembly. The dust collection assembly is positioned to direct an air flow in a flow path overlying the dust particles to capture the dust particles and move the dust particles away from the proppant thereby reducing risk of dust exposure to fracking operation site personnel.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a supply of post-consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: A plant (1) and method for recovering plastic materials of post-consumption materials, such as vehicle bumpers and tanks, in the plant, downstream of the volumetric reduction grinder (2), there is provided an intermediate grinder (6) and the washing vat (9) and the centrifuge (12) additionally being arranged upstream of the windmill/granulator (14), while in the method, an intermediate grinding step is arranged upstream of the grinding/granulation step and a subsequent washing step and separation in the vat of the parts of foreign materials through the difference of specific weight, including ferrous, non-ferrous materials and alloys thereof, of the material made of intermediate size, before the grinding/granulation step through windmill/granulator, wherein the washing and centrifugation water is subjected to a continuous purification cycle.

Abstract: Described are methods for processing mixed solid waste. The method includes providing a mixed solid waste stream including dry organic material comingled with wet organic and/or inorganic material. The mixed waste is shredded and then separated using size separation and density separation. The shredder has a cut size and rotation speed that produces less than 20% by mass of particles smaller than 2 inches from the mixed solid waste. The shredded mix solid waste is then separated by density and a portion of the stream is recovered as a recyclable or converted to a high value product.

Abstract: The method and systems efficiently extract recyclable materials from a mixed solid waste stream. The methods and systems use sizing, density and dimensional separation to produce intermediate waste streams that are enriched in particular recyclable materials. The recyclable materials can then be efficiently sorted from the individual intermediate streams using mechanized sorting equipment.

Abstract: Solid waste that includes a mixture of wet organic material and dry organic material can be are separated using mechanical separation to produce a wet organic stream enriched in wet organics and a dry organic stream enriched in dry organics. The separated wet organic stream and dry organic stream are separately converted to renewable or recyclable products using different conversion techniques particularly suited for the separated wet and dry organic streams.

Abstract: A method and a device for the cold mechanical production of organic fibrous materials or granular materials. At least one load having organic material containing fibers is introduced into an interior (2) of a device (1) for breaking up the materials via an impact loading. During operation, the at least one load is broken up, in the interior (2), via an impact loading. Following processing, an organic fibrous material or an organic granular material is removed from the interior (2).

Abstract: A reactor having at least one reaction chamber and rotor, the reaction chamber having at least one sealed housing with at least one inlet and outlet opening. The rotor has at least one shaft with at least a first part in the housing the shaft extending from the first part through the housing, the first part of the rotor having at least one hammer At least one fan blade is positioned on the shaft near an outlet opening in the reaction chamber. The outlet opening is situated near at least one shaft seal and on the shaft between the reaction chamber and surroundings. The fan blade is situated between the shaft seal and central part of the reactor The shaft extends in one direction from the first part through the housing and the fan blade being an axial distance from the hammer on the first part of the rotor.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for treating stock formed of recycled fiber. The method comprises treating the stock in screen means and a flotation cell means, and screening the stock into accept and reject. Reject from the screening is directed to a mechanical dispergator and a dispersed reject is formed of it.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a supply of post-consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: Processing byproduct material from a direct reduction process of iron ore to reclaim iron and other materials from the byproduct. The systems and methods employ gravity separation tables to separate the iron from other byproduct material constituents. The byproduct material constituents may be size reduced, processed to remove dust, and sized prior to processing by the gravity separation.

Abstract: An ultra-fine powder formed from a naturally occurring mineral or rock material and having a controlled or “engineered” particle size distribution (PSD) to match the infrared spectra with a maximum particle size in the range of 14-17 microns measured as either D99, or preferably D95, and a minimum particle size D5 in the range of 4-7 microns. Preferably the maximum particle size is about 15 microns, the minimum particle size is about 5 microns and the D50 particle size is about 8-10 microns with the moisture content of the particle size “engineered” powder being less than about 0.20 percent by weight and preferably about 0.05 to 0.08 percent by weight of the powder. This specially “engineered” ultra-fine powder is used to reduce the thermicity of thermal film to a value less than about 20%.

Abstract: A method for processing a supply of post consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a supply of post-consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: A method for processing a supply of post-consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a hot water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried in a dryer and compacted in a compactor without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: Methods and systems for separating a mixed waste into a wet organic fraction, a dry organic fraction, and an inorganic fraction are achieved by (i) comminuting the mixed solid waste, (ii) fractionating the comminuted stream by size to produce two or more particle-sized waste streams, and (iii) processing one or more of the particle-sized waste streams using density separation to produce an intermediate wastes stream, and (iv) recovering a homogenous product (e.g., a recyclable material or an organic fuel) from the intermediate waste stream.

Abstract: A method for determining one or more fluid flow parameters for a fluid flowing within a pipe is provided. The fluid is a mixture of solid particles and gas. The method includes the steps of: a) providing a meter operable to determine the velocity of the fluid flow through the pipe, which meter is substantially insensitive to the particulate/gas mass ratio of the fluid flow; b) determining the velocity of the fluid flow within the pipe using the meter; and c) determining a particulate/gas mass ratio using a density value for the gas within the flow and the determined fluid flow velocity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the simultaneous preconcentration and preselection of at least one group of used polymer materials of various compositions, as a mixture with one another and with contaminant materials, originating from the destruction, by grinding, of durable consumer goods that have reached the end of life, which can be recycled in the fields of plastics processing. This process is characterized in that it includes, in order, a) a step of separation in a hydraulic medium, the density of which is adjusted to a value ds between 1.100 and 1.900, b) a step of separation of the supernatant fraction from a), a step of grinding c) the supernatant fraction from b), then a step d) of mechanical separation of the fraction originating from c) followed by a wetting step e) and a final step f) delivering preconcentrated and preselected used synthetic polymer materials.

Abstract: Processing copper wire concentrate produced from processing ASR to generate a bare copper product. The disclosed systems and methods employ processes that remove constituents from the copper wire concentrate that can damage conventional chopping equipment. After removing the constituents that can damage conventional chopping equipment, the process employs a grinder to grind the remaining copper wire to liberate the bare copper metal from the insulation material.

Abstract: In a method and an arrangement for treating a light fraction that is produced during the treatment of plastic-rich waste that is low in metal, at least the following steps are carried out consecutively: the light fraction is stressed by percussion and/or bashing, the light fraction is classified into at least two light fraction classes, at least one light fraction class is separated into at least one light material fraction and a heavy material fraction, at least one light material fraction is cleaned. The cleaning of the light material fraction (fibrous material), obtained after the separation, provides a very clean initial substance to be obtained, resulting in clearly improved material recycling and energy recovery.

Abstract: A plant (1) and method for recovering plastic materials of post-consumption materials, such as vehicle bumpers and tanks, in the plant, downstream of the volumetric reduction grinder (2), there is provided an intermediate grinder (6) and the washing vat (9) and the centrifuge (12) additionally being arranged upstream of the windmill/granulator (14), while in the method, an intermediate grinding step is arranged upstream of the grinding/granulation step and a subsequent washing step and separation in the vat of the parts of foreign materials through the difference of specific weight, including ferrous, non-ferrous materials and alloys thereof, of the material made of intermediate size, before the grinding/granulation step through windmill/granulator, wherein the washing and centrifugation water is subjected to a continuous purification cycle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing home and personal care product and a method for manufacturing degreased coffee particles thereof. The home and personal care product comprises coffee particles with different sizes, in which the coffee particles are degreased by physical and chemical methods and then grinded to different sizes to meet the requirements of different products. Natural compositions from original coffee can be further added for enhancing the clean and care effects of the product.

Abstract: A grinding process, in a grinding unit including a first shop including a first mill and a first separator, an outlet from the first mill being connected to an inlet of the first separator; a second shop including a second separator and a second mill, an outlet from the second separator being connected to an inlet of the second mill; the second separator being fed by the material coming from the first separator, wherein the first separator is operated at a tangential speed of 15 to 25 m/s and a radial speed of 3.5 to 5 m/s; and the second separator is operated at a tangential speed of 20 to 50 m/s and a radial speed of 2.5 to 4 m/s.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for generating fine particles in a jet mill which operates at a pressure of a milling gas of less than or equal to 4 bar in abs value and a temperature of the mill of less than 100° C., a process for simultaneous milling and surface modifications of the fine particles, a jet mill for operating the process and products obtained by the process.

Abstract: An ultra-fine powder formed from a naturally occurring mineral or rock material and having a controlled or “engineered” particle size distribution (PSD) to match the infrared spectra with a maximum particle size in the range of 14-17 microns measured as either D99, or preferably D95, and a minimum particle size D5 in the range of 4-7 microns. Preferably the maximum particle size is about 15 microns, the minimum particle size is about 5 microns and the D50 particle size is about 8-10 microns with the moisture content of the particle size “engineered” powder being less than about 0.20 percent by weight and preferably about 0.05 to 0.08 percent by weight of the powder. This specially “engineered” ultra-fine powder is used to reduce the thermicity of thermal film to a value less than about 20%.

Abstract: Clean glass particles are produced from post-consumer mixed glass and like waste streams by a series of pulverizing, size- and material-based separation, ozonation, drying, sizing, and paper fluff removal steps.