Abstract: A classifier mill having first and second series of beaters (1, 2) on respective sides (3, 4) of the periphery (5) of a rotary pulverizer disc (6) within a chamber (7), an independently rotary classifier (8) coaxial therewith and radially inwards of the second series of beaters (2), an entry (9) for material into the chamber (7) at a position intermediate the pulverizer axis and the first series of beaters (1), and an exit (10) for fines coaxial with the classifier (8) and remote from the pulverizer (6), is further provided within the chamber (7) with an annular wall (18) extending radially outwards from clear of the periphery (19) of the classifier (8) to beyond the periphery (5) of the second series of beaters (2), and with a cylindrical wall (20) extending from the annular wall (18) past the peripheries of both series of beaters (1, 2), the cylindrical wall (20) being provided with a series of circumferentially spaced openings (21) disposed radially outwards with respect to only the first series of beaters

Abstract: Apparatus for producing and separating crushable fines includes a crusher, an enclosure, an inclined vibratory chute, a conveyor, and a vent. Solid material is recycled through the crusher. Fines within the enclosure are agitated, become airborne, and are withdrawn and subsequently separated by filtration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of and apparatus for dry grinding a granular material in a grinding tube mill (1) having a final grinding compartment (2) and one or more preceding grinding compartments (3) containing grinding bodies. The material, after having passed through the preceding compartment or compartments (3), is discharged through openings (6) in the mill (1) and is divided into a fine and a coarse fraction in a separator (9). The coarse fraction is returned to the preceding compartment or compartments (3), and the fine fraction is fed to the final compartment (2). The ground material is discharged by flowing over a dam ring (12) from the final compartment (2). Any grinding bodies carried with the overflow are separated by a sieving diaphragm (13) from the material and returned to the final compartment (2). The invention also relates to the granular material ground according to the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing xerographic toner to achieve upper and lower particle size classification by first grinding large pellets of toner material in a jet mill. Upper particle size classification is achieved by then passing the ground material to a coarse classifier which operates to return relatively large particles to the jet mill for further grinding, and supplies the finer particles, which are generally no larger than 13 to 15 microns in diameter, to a cyclone separator. In the cyclone separator, the length of the cyclone's exit duct is controlled to achieve lower particle size classification by causing particles below a generally 5 micron diameter size to exit the separator as waste material by way of its upper exit duct. The finished product exits the cyclone by way of the cyclone's lower output port.

Abstract: Liquid fertilizer is produced by mixing dry fertilizer components with water. The combination is introduced into a first cyclone separator which removes the larger chunks of material from the mixture and discharges them into a crusher containing a revolving paddle wheel. The smaller chunks and the solution are passed to a second cyclone separator where the smaller chunks are removed and passed to the same paddle wheel. The solution containing the dissolved material is passed on to a holding tank. The chucks which were passed to the paddle wheel are broken up by impact with the paddle wheel and the paddle wheel housing and thereafter fall through a discharge chute and become remixed with fluid from the holding tank or storage vat. The fluid and crushed particles are recirculated through the cyclones and crusher or impactor until all particles have become dissolved into the solution.

Abstract: Waste paper containing materials, e.g. commercial "waste paper", are treated for recovery of reusable paper therefrom by slushing in a pulper from which two fractions are continuously extracted--a first fraction through small holes, e.g. 3/16 inch in diameter, and a second fraction through substantially larger holes, e.g. 1 inch in diameter. The second fraction is screened, preferably after a centrifugal cleaning operation, in a screen having small perforations sized to accept only substantially defibered paper, and the accepts flow is mixed directly with the first extracted fraction. The reject flow from this screen is conducted, with or without an intermediate deflaking operation, to a tailing screen from which the accepts are recycled to the pulper and the rejects are eliminated from the system.

Abstract: An improved wood chipping installation of reduced overall height has conveyor means for feeding wood pieces to a chipping machine. The conveyor means includes a conveyor type screening device for separating proper size chips from oversize chips. Means are provided for transferring material chipped by the chipping machine back to the infeed end of the screening device so that oversize chips are fed by the conveyor, along with other wood pieces, back into the chipping machine while proper size chips and fines are separated out.

Abstract: A horizontal axis pulverizing and classifying apparatus fitted with special means for removing contaminants, such as abrasive particles, which reduce the capacity and efficiency of such apparatus. The contaminant take-out device is a porous tubular duct communicating with the classification zone of the apparatus through the housing wall. The porous tubular duct is surrounded by a non-porous tubular casing forming an annulus connected to a source of gas under pressure by means of which the quantity of contaminant tailings is removed by varying the amount and pressure of gas introduced. The apparatus may also include a plurality of gas flow apertures surrounding the classification zone and directed generally radially inward, and means for selectively and variably introducing gas to those apertures, for providing improved control over the contaminant take-out device.

Abstract: A horizontal axis pulverizing and classifying apparatus characterized by a plurality of gas flow passages in a narrow band surrounding the classification zone and directed generally radially inward, and means for selectively and variably introducing gas to those passages. The apparatus may also be fitted with special means for removing contaminating particles which reduce the capacity and efficiency of such apparatus. The take-out device is a porous tubular duct communicating with the classification zone of the apparatus through the housing wall. The porous tubular duct is surrounded by a non-porous tubular casing forming an annulus connected to a source of gas under pressure. Control over the quantities of tailings recycled and over quantities of contaminants removed is exercised by varying the amount and pressure of gas introduced through the gas flow passages.

Abstract: Wooden packing and handling units containing pieces of ferromagnetic metal, such as nails and staples, are reduced so that the metal pieces embedded in the constituent wooden portions are detached, the pieces of metal are extracted from the reduced wooden portions, preferably magnetically, and the reduced wooden portions disencumbered of the metal pieces are subjected to granulometric sorting, i.e., sorting by size. The method is carried out using a percussion crushing station, a magnetic extraction station, and a granulometric double-cut screening station.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a mobile material shearing apparatus for receiving solid waste material and reducing said material to a comparatively small size. The apparatus includes an elongated movable truck bed on which is mounted a rotary shear into which the solid waste material is fed for size reduction. The smaller solid waste material exits the rotary shear and is received on a conveyor which delivers the material either to a predetermined location for disposal without further processing or to a rotary classificaton mechanism for further processing. The classifier receives the sheared solid waste material and separates particles which are above and below a predetermined size. A discharge is provided for receiving the smaller particles (fines) and means are provided for returning the larger particles (overs) to the shear for further size reduction.

Abstract: Multiple cutting discs are fixed in spaced-apart positions on each of two side-by-side counterrotating shafts so that peripheral portions of the discs on each shaft extend into the spaces between discs on the opposite shaft. Each disc has a smooth cylindrical peripheral surface which meets opposed sidewalls at sharp continuous cutting edges. The clearance between adjacent discs on opposed shafts is small so that their cutting edges coact to shear material fed into the bight between opposed counterrotating discs in their feed-through direction. Removable infeed teeth project from the peripheral surface of each disc at circumferentially spaced positions to help feed material into the bight between opposed discs. Material shredded by the discs falls onto a slowly rotating screening drum encircling the disc assembly. The smallest shredded pieces pass through such drum onto a discharge conveyor.

Abstract: A drying-grinding apparatus including two types of grinding means, one being arranged to produce a relatively coarse ground product, and the other being arranged to produce a relatively finely ground product. A drying gas is introduced into each of the grinding means, and a common conduit delivers the ground products from both of the two grinding means into a sifting means. The sifting means discharges relatively coarse particles into a metering means which receives the output from the sifting means and separates the same into two fractions one of which is returned to the coarse grinding means, and the other of which goes to the fine grinding means.

Abstract: A method of processing abrasive material, the material being comminuted by means of a roller mill, thereafter sifted in an air separator, and the course material which is collected in the air separation again being comminuted in the roller mill. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for opening packaged articles, particularly packs and cartons of cigarettes, in which such items are ripped open and broken apart sufficiently to allow the contents, e.g. tobacco, to be separated and recovered. The apparatus aspects of this invention involve a ripper fan, a recycling air leg, and a cyclone separator from which the materials are recovered for further processing.

Abstract: A mill for the pulverizing and classification of particles utilizing an impact rotor to obtain the reduction of large chunks and particles of materials by impaction between lining plates and hammers mounted on the rotor. The lining plates are mounted on adjustable walls of an impact reduction chamber in a position to be impacted by the particles thrown from the impact rotor hammers. Particles are then carried by vertical air flow into vertically stacked classification chambers which are located directly above the attrition chamber. Gravity and deflector plates cause the return of some of the particles which receive a secondary impact with the impact rotor producing a continuous interchange of particles and resulting in the autogenous attrition of the particles between the rotor and lining plates. Another feature of the present invention is the utilization of a "fluidizer" to maintain the flow of particles which accumulate at the bottom of the impact reduction chamber.

Abstract: A plant for the cryogenic comminuting of materials which are resilient, th or difficult to comminute at room temperature, in particular rubber and plastic material, wherein the comminuting means, the charging hopper and the feeding means for the material to be comminuted are all contained within one and the same insulated enclosure, said enclosure being in communication with the outside only over calibrated adjustable openings defining a given outflow of gas, a cryogenic liquid is introduced in the comminuting means in a quantity that is variable according to the minimum optimal temperature required in the mill for any specific comminuting operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grinding mill system including a ball mill, rod mill, or the like, the system being characterized by an improved, simple and highly effective proportioning feed device for automatically optimizing through-put under any of a series of differing operating conditions. The system automatically proportions raw material to be ground with partially ground but oversize materials in an efficient manner without the use of complex and expensive electronic and like sensing devices and circuits.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for reducing material by grinding and for handling the ground product in a system that minimizes the production of a product containing a high percentage of extreme fines so that the product is more uniform in size and the apparatus is more efficient in producing that product.

Abstract: A deflector panel is pivotally mounted within the straw hood of a combine and is disposable between a first position wherein residue material emanating from the combine is deflected into a straw chopper and a second position wherein the emanating material is deflected through the residue outlet of the straw hood, forwardly of the straw chopper, and discharged onto the ground.

Abstract: A method of crushing particles of material in a ball mill comprises feeding a mixture of balls and a charge comprising the particles to be crushed, a solvent and a lubricant continuously through a ball mill which initially contains balls. The balls are recovered from the mixture issuing from the mill and are re-introduced into the mill with a fresh charge. One form of apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a cylindrical container disposed with its axis horizontal and rotatable about said axis. The inlet and outlet of the mill are arranged centrally at opposite ends of the container, and the outlet leads to an annular sieve which rotates with and is coaxial with the container. The sieve retains the balls for return to the inlet and allows the milled charge to fall into a receptacle. In an alternative form of the apparatus, the container has inlets at both ends and has an outlet with an associated sieve at its mid-length.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and apparatus for processing shelled corn cobs. The cobs are graded, aspirated, and crushed for reducing the length of the cobs to between 1/2 inch and 3 inches. A second aspirator removes any remaining husks and hammer mills reduce the corn cobs into 3/8 inch to 1/2 inch pieces. The pieces are graded and oversized pieces are returned to a hammer mill while the remaining pieces are dried in a drier to reduce their moisture content. After grading, a portion of the pieces are sent through an attrition mill to further reduce the size of the pieces. After aspirating, the pieces are processed through roller mills to further reduce the size of the pieces and then passed through an attrition mill and graded into final product sizes.

Abstract: A mill for the reduction and classification of ore utilizing an impact rotor to obtain the reduction of large ore chunks and particles by impaction between shatter bars and hammers mounted on the rotor. The shatter bars are mounted on walls of an impact reduction chamber in a position to be impacted by the ore thrown from the impact rotor hammers. Particles are then carried by vertical air flow into vertically stacked classification chambers which are located directly above the impact reduction chamber. Gravity return of the heavier of these particles causes a secondary impact with the impact rotor producing a continuous interchange of particles and resulting in the autogenous attrition of the particles between the rotor and breaker bars. Another feature of the present invention is the utilization of "fluidizer" to maintain the flow of particles which accumulate at the bottom of the impact reduction chamber.

Abstract: An air-stream mill for milling free-flowing, large-lump, solid materials into a particulate condition. The mill has two grinding chambers provided with opposed injectors that impel flows of large-lump, solid materials being delivered into the grinding chambers upstream of the injectors as two opposed, counter flowing streams of a gas-solid mixture of the large-lump materials. The lumps of solid materials in the counter-flowing streams collide internally of the grinding chambers and are converted to free particles of a smaller size. The particles from the grinding chambers leave the grinding chamber as two separate and independent flows which are received upstream of opposed injectors for a milling chamber. The latter injectors deliver the free particles as two opposed, counter-flowing streams of a gas-solid mixture. The solid particles in these streams collide internally of the milling chamber and the particles are converted to a smaller size.

Abstract: A ball mill including the usual drum and a trommel screen rotatable therewith together with mechanism for returning damaged balls and large pieces of aggregate directly from the trommel screen to the drum. This mechanism comprises a plurality of blades mounted on the inner surface of the cylindrical screen which pick up material in the trommel screen as an incident to rotation thereof and dump it onto a trough which extends from the screen to the drum. A jet of water is introduced into the trough at its outer end and passes the materials back into the drum.

Abstract: Method of producing cement or other material of given fineness and granular structure includes delivering material ground in individual chambers of a tube mill having two adjacent grinding chambers, delivering the ground material from each of the chambers to coarse-grain separator means associated with the chambers, separating a fines-free coarse-grain component in the coarse-grain separator means and returning the coarse-grain component to one of the adjacent chambers, feeding the fines component of the coarse-grain separator means to a fine-grain separator, separating a fine-grain component from a coarse-grain component in the fine-grain separator, withdrawing the fine-grain component from the fine-grain separator as end product, and returning the coarse-grain component of the fine-grain separator to the coarse-grain separator means; and plant for carrying out the foregoing method.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for crushing, by means of a rotary mill, material containing particles that are difficult to pulverize. The mill has an air-sifter with pneumatic supply of ground material, where the coarse-material discharge of the air-sifter is connected to the intake side of the mill, and has a mechanical conveyor whose intake side is connected to the coarse-particle discharge of the mill and whose discharge is connected to the intake side of the mill.

Abstract: An air-swept tube mill having at least two grinding chambers and a discharge chamber, an internal by-pass means in the last grinding chamber in communication at one end with the grinding chamber immediately preceding the last grinding chamber and at the other end, with the discharge chamber, whereby material ground in the first chamber is transferred through the by-pass directly to the discharge chamber and oversize material is transferred from the discharge chamber to the last grinding chamber for further grinding. A unique method is disclosed in which grinding of material takes place in a first grinding chamber of a tube mill and by-passed into a discharge chamber. The method further comprises feeding oversize materials from the discharge chamber into a last grinding chamber for additional grinding thereof.

Abstract: A grinding plant for autogenous or semi-autogenous grinding of ores in particular, in separate mills in two steps. The second step uses material from the first step, which is provided with two outlets. The first outlet has holes for discharging relatively finely ground material to be further ground in the second step, and the second outlet has holes for discharging material containing relatively coarse pieces forming grinding media in the second step. A device is provided between the stages to control the flow of coarser material to the second step. Connected to the discharge side of the second step, which is provided with outlet holes as large as the holes for fine material in the first step, there is a means to separate material removed from the second step into a finely ground portion, which is led away, and a portion returned to the first and second steps in proportions adjustable by said means.

Abstract: A method for cutting vehicle tires and the like is disclosed together with apparatus for practicing the method comprising a first plurality of cutting discs axially spaced from each other along a first shaft and a second plurality of cutting discs axially spaced from each other along a second shaft parallel to the first. The thickness and spacing of the cutting discs along their respective shafts and the spacing of the shafts with respect to each other is such that the cutting discs of each plurality intermesh with those of the other plurality with the overlapping side surfaces of the discs substantially in contact to provide a scissor like cutting action and the free peripheral surfaces of the discs of each plurality are spaced from the shaft of the other plurality a distance sufficient to allow passage of the cut slices of the vehicle tires or the like. Various embodiments including means for enhancing feeding action and for recycling the cut slices are described.