Abstract: The present invention provides a component of a fishing reel that make it possible to achieve precise finished dimensions and improve the efficiency of the entire surface treatment while maintaining a bright and substantial external appearance with a metallic feeling and corrosion resistance. The component of a fishing reel according to the present invention is formed of a die-cast material and includes: a first surface treatment region including a coating layer and an anodic oxide film, the coating layer being formed on the die-cast material and formed of aluminum with a higher aluminum purity than the die-cast material, the anodic oxide film being formed on the coating layer; and a second surface treatment region including an anodic oxide film formed on the die-cast material.

Abstract: Fishing reel components and a manufacturing method thereof that achieve not only highly accurate finishing dimensions, but also a deep and glossy metallic appearance while maintaining sufficient corrosion resistance at a precision finishing portion that rotatably supports a drive member, and that can increase the work efficiently of the entire surface treatment. The fishing reel components include a body member having a coating layer formed of higher-purity aluminum than that of the die-cast material on the die-cast material; and the anticorrosion layer formed by anodization on the coating layer. The body member is provided with the support portion that rotatably supports a drive member. The support portion independent from the body member is formed by the support member having a higher corrosion resistance than the die-cast material of the body member.

Abstract: A cover for the end of a fishing reel provides a user with a clean and attractive cover for scratches and other damage. Several versions are described: a first cover which replaces an insert and a second which covers the entire end of the reel. The cover is opaque such that it hides scratches and is easily removed or replaced with another cover.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel includes a frame, a clutch yoke and a guide member. The guide member guides the clutch yoke in an axial direction. The guide member includes a metal body attached to the frame, metal shaft members extending from the body and resin cover portions that cover the shaft members and are inserted into through holes in the clutch yoke.

Abstract: A clutch operation unit of a dual-bearing reel is attached to a clutch lever extending in a left-right direction parallel to a rotational axis direction of a spool and for moving in an up-down direction with respect to the spool. The clutch operation unit has a first member that is to be operated by a user, and a second member that is combined with the first member to sandwich the clutch lever therebetween in the up-down direction.

Abstract: Provided is a fishing reel having a downward-rotation locking type side cover in which the portion where a frame and a side cover are in contact with each other is curved; a protruding portion and a recessed portion that are smoothly connected to each other are formed respectively at a first edge of the frame and a second edge of a palm-side first side cover to prevent injuries in use due to the a pointed end of the frame; the internal angle of a first corner connecting the upper inclined surface and the outer side of the protruding portion is an obtuse angle; and the first side cover can be locked by rotating downward the front end of the first side cover after the first side cover is coupled to a mount with the protruding portion under the recessed portion.

Abstract: Provided is a fishing reel equipped with a hidden line stopper. The fishing reel includes: a frame; a shaft mounted on the frame; a spool fitted on the shaft to keep a fishing line wound thereon; a first side cover disposed at a side of the frame and capable of opening to separate the spool; a second side cover coupled to the frame at the opposite side to the first side cover; a locker having a locking rod for locking and unlocking by moving forward and backward through the frame and the first side cover, and a grip disposed at the first or second side cover and connected to the locking rod; and a line stopper formed at the locking rod to be hidden or exposed when the locking rod is moved forward and backward to open and close the first side cover.

Abstract: Provided is a fishing spinning reel in which biting or entanglement of a fishing line in components disposed inside a rotor can be prevented and with which a fine fishing operability can be provided. A fishing spinning reel includes a reel body 1, a rotor 3 rotated in accordance with a rotational operation of a handle 5 provided on the reel body 1, a spool 4 around which a fishing line is wound through a line guide 35 provided on an arm portion 32 of the rotor 3, a cylindrical protection cover 20 disposed on a front portion of the reel body 1 inside the rotor 3 to house components disposed inside the rotor 3, and a fishing line stopper protruding out from an outer periphery of the protection cover 20 in a radial direction.

Abstract: A cover open mechanism of a dual-bearing reel includes a frame, a first side cover, a spool support portion and a cover opening and closing portion. The cover opening and closing portion includes a cover opening and closing structure and an urging member. The cover opening and closing structure is engaged with the spool support portion and the first side cover, and sets an opened/closed state of the first side cover. The urging member is disposed between the first side cover and the cover opening and closing structure, and urges the first side cover in an openable state. The first side cover is configured to be prevented from rotating when any one of the first side cover and the spool support portion is engaged with the other of the first side cover and the spool support portion.

Abstract: A fishing reel having a side cover that can be opened and closed in order to attach and detach a spool or the like. The fishing reel having the quick-opening side cover can be operated with one hand, in which a quick-opening system is employed such that a fisher can open the side cover by moving a lock by manipulating it with one hand. A grip of the lock can stay in the protruded state when the side cover is opened such that the fisher can close the side cover surely and securely, thereby preventing the side cover from being opened during fishing.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel includes a reel body, a spool shaft, and a spool body. The spool shaft is rotatably mounted to the reel body. The spool body is non-rotatably mounted to the spool shaft. The spool body has an insertion hole. The spool shaft is inserted into the insertion hole. The spool shaft has an insertion region. The insertion region is inserted into the insertion hole and is disposed to oppose a surface of the insertion hole. The insertion region has a first region and a second region. A first gap is disposed between the first region and the insertion hole. A second gap that is smaller than the first gap is disposed between the second region and the insertion hole.

Abstract: A fishing-reel reel unit includes a main body member; a first outer member, and a first inner member. The first outer member is mounted on the main body member, and the first outer member includes a corrosion-resistant coating formed thereon. The first inner member is formed in a tubular shape, when the first inner member is fixed to an inner periphery of the first outer member. The first inner member has a first inner peripheral surface on which a first bearing is mounted, and the first inner member is made of a corrosion-resistant material.

Abstract: A spinning reel body of a spinning reel includes a housing, a cover member, and a guard member. The housing has an internal housing space, a sidewall that forms a side face of the housing space, and a rear wall that forms a rear face of the housing space. The housing space has an open side opposite the side face formed by the sidewall. The sidewall has a rear portion extending beyond the rear wall in a rearward direction. The cover member is mounted to the housing and covers the open side of the housing space. The guard member is mounted at the rear wall of the housing and at a rear portion of the cover member to form a space between the rear portion of the sidewall and the rear wall of the housing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fishing-reel reel unit including a main body member having an opening includes forming the main body member having the opening and a processing reference, accommodating a bearing mounting part in the opening where the bearing mounting part has a bearing opening and an inner peripheral surface, accommodating a bearing in the bearing opening where the bearing is fixedly mounted on the inner peripheral surface, and machining the inner peripheral surface of the bearing mounting part after the bearing is fixedly mounted on the inner peripheral surface, based on the processing reference.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel drag regulation mechanism includes a drag regulation lever including an attachment potion configured to pivot about a rotation axis of the spool between a free position and a maximum position, an operating portion extending from the attachment portion to a tip of the drag regulation lever, and an intermediate positioning mechanism including a positioning member. The positioning member is retractably attached to the lateral surface of the reel unit at an intermediate position between the free position and the maximum position. The positioning member is arranged to be in a protruding state or a retracting state. The intermediate positioning mechanism is configured to cause the positioning member to make contact at the intermediate position with a contact portion of the operating portion in pivoting the drag regulation lever, when the positioning member is in the protruding state.

Abstract: A reel unit for a fishing reel includes a cover member, a first member, and a second member. The cover member is made of a metal plate. The first member is made of metal. The first member is welded to an inner side of the cover member, and is configured to protrude from the cover member. The second member is made of synthetic resin. The second member is integrally formed with the cover member and the first member to at least partially cover the first member.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel includes a reel unit, a handle, a spool shaft, a spool, and a casting control mechanism. The handle is rotatably supported by the reel unit. The spool shaft is rotatably supported at an end thereof by the shaft support part. The spool is mounted onto the spool shaft, where the spool is configured to be rotated in conjunction with rotation of the handle. The casting control mechanism includes a brake knob rotatably supported by the shaft support part, a first plate being disposed to be contactable with the brake knob and one of end surfaces of the spool shaft, and a second plate being disposed to be contactable with the other of end surfaces of the spool shaft. The brake knob is disposed entirely in the recess. The first plate is configured to be pressed in conjunction with rotation of the brake knob.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel is attachable to a fishing rod and configured to forwardly reel out a fishing line in a forward direction. The dual-bearing reel includes a reel unit, a spool, a handle and an attaching member. The reel unit includes a first main body part and a second main body part. The first main body part includes a first lateral surface, a second lateral surface being opposite to the first lateral surface, and an attachment-side surface. The second main body part includes a third lateral surface facing the first lateral surface at a predetermined interval. The attaching member includes an attaching surface facing a first direction. The first main body part includes a recessed portion extending along a first boundary portion. The first boundary portion is between the attachment-side surface and the first lateral surface. The attachment-side surface faces the first direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fishing reel having reliability in opening a side cover. The fishing reel is configured such that when the side cover opens, the side cover hangs from the reel body rather than being completely separated from the reel body, so that the user can easily open the side cover even when standing on uneven terrain such as on the rocks of a seashore. The fishing reel has a pillar structure which can conduct a first-extraction and second rotation operation such that even when the reel is designed in such a way that an end of the spool shaft necessarily protrudes out of the reel body, a rotating and opening operation of a cover assembly including the spool cover and the side cover is prevented from be impeded by the shaft, whereby even when in an extreme fishing environment, reliability in opening the side cover can be ensured.

Abstract: A fishing reel for winding and releasing a fishing line includes a tubular spool being configured to wind the fishing line onto an outer periphery thereof, a spool shaft made of metal, the spool shaft being attached to an inner periphery of the spool, and a Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) layer being formed on a surface layer side of the spool shaft.

Abstract: A fishing reel handle assembly has a handle arm, a knob shaft, and a handle knob. The handle arm is relatively non-rotatably attached to a distal end of the handle shaft. The knob shaft is fixed to an end of the handle arm and extends in parallel to the handle shaft. The handle knob is supported by the knob shaft to be rotatable relative to the handle arm. The handle arm includes a main body and a convexo-concave portion. The main body extends substantially perpendicular to an axial direction of the handle shaft, and is formed by laminating sheets of prepreg. The convexo-concave portion is convexly or concavely formed on at least either a front surface of the main body or a back surface of the main body. The front surface allows the handle knob to be attached thereto, the back surface disposed opposite to the front surface.

Abstract: A fishing reel has a frame. A first cover assembly is affixed to a first side of the frame. A second cover assembly is affixed to a second side of the frame. At least one of the first cover assembly and the second cover assembly define at least one opening for receiving a panel member. The cover assemblies define supporting structure that is preferably made of a metal. The panel member defines non-supporting structure that is preferably made up of non-metallic structure such as plastic polymer and carbon fiber. The panel member may be transparent and is preferably replaceable to allow a user to customize the appearance of the reel.

Abstract: A reel assembly 10 for storing fishing line 8 includes a housing comprising first and second housing parts 14, 16, a spool assembly 17 including a spool 38 rotatably mounted to the housing part 16 and a handle 39 removably mounted to the spool 38 for winding the line 8 onto the spool 38. The housing parts 14, 16 each have first and second complementary releasable connecting formations 20, 22 for releasably connecting the housing parts 14, 16 to one another in one of a housing configuration wherein the housing parts 14, 16 are releasably connected to one another by the formations 20 to form a housing around the spool 38 and a supporting configuration wherein the housing part 14 is releasably connected to an underside of the housing part 16 by the formations 22 such that the housing part 14 provides a stable base for supporting the housing part 16 on a substrate surface.

Abstract: An ice fishing reel for facilitating automatic tension to the fishing line. The ice fishing reel includes a support assembly including a support member, a rod holder being in communication with the support member, and a shaft extending from the support member to support a spool; a handle assembly being in communication with the spool and the support assembly; and a spool tension assembly being supported upon the shaft and being biasedly engagable to the spool.

Abstract: A fishing-reel reel unit includes a main body member; a first outer member, and a first inner member. The first outer member is mounted on the main body member, and the first outer member includes a corrosion-resistant coating formed thereon. The first inner member is formed in a tubular shape, when the first inner member is fixed to an inner periphery of the first outer member. The first inner member has a first inner peripheral surface on which a first bearing is mounted, and the first inner member is made of a corrosion-resistant material.

Abstract: The reel unit has a first side plate made of a magnesium alloy and a first side cover made of an aluminum alloy mounted to a side of the first side plate. The first side plate has an opening and a plurality of plate-like members made of an aluminum alloy mounted to the first side plate around the opening. The first side cover has an opening, and a brake case made of an aluminum alloy turnably mounted in the opening. Aluminum alloy protrusions are formed on an outer peripheral side of the brake case. The first side cover is secured to the first side plat by causing the protrusions formed on the brake case to engage in a bayonet fashion with the plate-like members separately attached to the first side plate.

Abstract: An improved harness lug of increased strength for affixing a deep sea fishing reel to a harness tie. A fishing reel has a reel body having a frame that is affixed to a rod. A right lug ring and a left lug ring are adjacent to the right and left sides of the reel body, wherein the lug rings mate with the right and left sides of the reel body, respectively. Right and left lugs are integrally formed with the right and left lug rings, respectively. The lugs protrude from the reel body for receiving harness ties. Preferably, the right lug ring and the left lug ring have an outside diameter that is greater than the outside diameter of the frame for aesthetics and to protect the reel body. Right and left side covers are adjacent to an outside of the right and left lug rings.

Abstract: A fishing reel has a frame. A first cover assembly is affixed to a first side of the frame. A second cover assembly is affixed to a second side of the frame. At least one of the first cover assembly and the second cover assembly define at least one opening for receiving a panel member. The cover assemblies define supporting structure that is preferably made of a metal. The panel member defines non-supporting structure that is preferably made up of non-metallic structure such as plastic polymer and carbon fiber. The panel member may be transparent and is preferably replaceable to allow a user to customize the appearance of the reel.

Abstract: A fishing reel 100 includes a data communication unit 44 capable of wirelessly transmitting terminal tackle water depth data to a data communication unit 66 of a fishing data display device 60, which is arranged outside of a fishing reel 100. The fishing data display device 60 includes a display unit 65 that displays the terminal tackle water depth data obtained from the data communication unit 44 and fish depth data obtained from a data communication unit 91 of a fish finder 90. The fisherman is capable of easily performing jigging with a fishing reel, as well as ascertaining the water depth of terminal tackle.

Abstract: A spinning reel includes a holder base having two racks, an accommodation space defined between the racks and two axle holes in communication with the accommodation space at two sides, two transmission shafts respectively mounted in the axle holes, slide blocks at two sides of the holder base, a steering mechanism, which comprises two swivel brackets pivotally mounted in the accommodation space and biasable relative to each other, a skirted spool mounted in between the swivel brackets, a driving mechanism coupled to one transmission gear and adapted for rotating the skirted spool by means of a driving gear set and a rotating device coupled to the other transmission shaft and adapted for moving the slide blocks through a drive gear set and a follower gear set to force one transmission shaft into engagement with one end of the skirted spool and to bias one swivel bracket and the skirted spool between a horizontal position and a vertical position.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of fishing reels, and in particular, one type of reel described herein is a “bait cast” reel, specifically one designed for the particular styles of fishing commonly referred to as “flippin' and pitchin'”, wherein several improvements over the art are disclosed, including a highly durable and smooth line retainer element on the spool, a line retainer element, and a drag lock system that can be either adjustable or permanent.

Abstract: A rotor includes a rotor body, first to third cover members, and first and second mounting brackets. The rotor body includes a tubular member and first and second rotor arms. The first and second rotor arms extend forward from first and second sides of the rear end of the tubular member. The rotor arms are also spaced apart from the outer periphery of the tubular member. The first and second cover members cover a portion of the outside of the first and second rotor arms. The third cover member is coupled to the rear ends of the first and second cover members, and covers the rear end of the tubular member. The first and second mounting brackets are disposed in front of the third cover member so as to be covered by the first and second cover members. The first and second mounting brackets are used for mounting the third cover member to the rotor body by way of screw members.

Abstract: A bait reel equipped with a turning dial controls the winding of the fishing line by controlling the revolution of the spool during fishing. The bait reel equipped with a turning dial has a dial for spooling connected by the handle axle and the combination of gears. Therefore, it enables the user to manually fine-tune the revolution of the spool, makes the structure of the reel simple even when the turning dial is added by making the guide support add the turning dial to the handle axle so the fishing line can be smoothly and stably wound on or released from the spool, and makes it easy to change and maintain the turning dial by fixing the turning dial to the side cover located, with the possibility of detaching and re-attaching, on the opposite side of the handle.

Abstract: A reel unit of the dual-bearing reel is configured to support a spool, a spool shaft, a drag mechanism, and a drag adjusting lever. The reel unit has a first end member with a first opening and a first escape portion. The first opening accommodates a first flange portion and has an edge surface with a first facing portion facing towards the outer peripheral surface of the first flange portion. The first facing portion and the outer peripheral surface of the first flange portion define a gap with an axial length shorter than the axial length of the outer peripheral surface of the first flange portion. The first escape portion is arranged within the inner peripheral surface of the first end member and has a diameter larger than that of the first facing portion.

Abstract: A fishing-reel driving device includes a reel body having a shell for accommodating a reel driving mechanism. A holding frame includes an axially extending tubular mount with a coupled surface, and a radially extending web terminating at an anchoring edge to be secured to an anchored edge of the shell. A left side cover includes a peripheral abutment edge to be sleeved on the tubular mount, and a faceplate region extending radially to terminate at an outskirt edge. A tubular tightening member has a tubular coupling surface matingly engageable with the coupled surface, and a surrounding abutment edge to force the peripheral abutment edge to move towards the web. An actuating member is insertable into the shell to be coupled to the reel driving mechanism.

Abstract: A fishing reel for a fishing rod has a reel body with a line spool, a rotor that rotates a bail around the spool, a rotor handle, and a reel mounting arm. The reel mounting arm includes a mounting foot attached to the rod and a mounting neck connecting the mounting foot to the reel body. An angle between (i) a longitudinal axis of the rod and (ii) a longitudinal axis of the mounting neck that extends from the mounting foot to a rotation axis of the rotor handle is less than 90°. An angle between a longitudinal axis of the spool and the mounting neck axis is from 54° to 84°. By virtue of the angled configurations, there is reduced friction between the line and the rod line guide nearest the reel. As a result, casting distance is increased and line retrieval is smoother.

Abstract: An interlocking groove is formed on the rear upper surface of a chassis part so as to be exposed outside. A mounting hole opened backward is formed in an attachment portion. A first cover member includes a pivot shaft portion pivotably mounted to the mounting hole, and a first interlocking protrusion allowed to be interlocked with the interlocking groove when the pivot shaft portion is mounted to the mounting hole and the first cover body is pivoted with respect to the axis of the mounting hole. A second cover member is configured to cover the surrounding of the first interlocking protrusion interlocked with the interlocking groove in the lower side of the rear part of the first cover member by a retaining portion disposed on the upper part of the second cover member.

Abstract: A fishing component for preventing corrosion in a fishing reel includes a first component body that composes a portion of a reel unit of the fishing reel and a second component body that composes a clutch control mechanism of the fishing reel. The first component body is made of a magnesium alloy and the second component body is made of a stainless steel alloy. An anodic oxide film layer is provided on a surface layer side of the first component body. A first insulating film layer is formed on a surface layer side of the anodic oxide film layer. A second insulating film layer is formed on a surface layer side of the second component body.

Abstract: A spinning reel includes a body, which has two sliding plates coupled to two opposite lateral sides of the base thereof, a spool holder, which has a U-shaped frame pivotally mounted in the base of the body and a spool pivotally coupled to the U-shaped frame, a spool rotating mechanism, which has two pins axially movable to engage the spool and a gear set mounted on one pin for rotating the spool to take up a fishing line, and a spool biasing mechanism, which has a drive gear set, a operating bar for operation by a person to rotate the drive gear set, a driven gear set coupled to the drive gear set and rotatable to move the sliding plates in moving the pins of the spool rotating mechanism into engagement with spool or away from the spool, and a transmission device coupled between the driven gear set and the spool holder for causing the spool holder to be biased between a horizontal position and a vertical position upon rotation of the drive gear set by the operating bar.

Abstract: A heavy duty fishing reel or trolling reel is disclosed having improvements related to a unitary end assembly, a duel drag system, a preset adjust mechanism and anti-bind improvements.

Abstract: A fishing reel 100 includes a data communication unit 44 capable of wirelessly transmitting terminal tackle water depth data to a data communication unit 66 of a fishing data display device 60, which is arranged outside of a fishing reel 100. The fishing data display device 60 includes a display unit 65 that displays the terminal tackle water depth data obtained from the data communication unit 44 and fish depth data obtained from a data communication unit 91 of a fish finder 90. The fisherman is capable of easily performing jigging with a fishing reel, as well as ascertaining the water depth of terminal tackle.

Abstract: This invention teaches a simple eccentric reel sideplate design to provide greater sideplate volume in one area than another.

Abstract: A modified reel and mounting assembly for attaching a fishing reel to a fishing rod. The assembly includes a cutout in the reel which conforms to the surface of the reel seat and an arcuate slot on both ends of the cutout. The cutout in the reel mates with surface of the reel seat, and the seat mounts are received by the arcuate slots. The arcuate slots create a lip which is clamped into place by the clamps of the rod seat. In the preferred embodiment, a clamp bar is also provided for increased stability.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily fix a cover member to a reel unit of a spinning reel while exposure of a fixing member to a rear portion of the reel unit is reduced. A reel unit includes a reel body, a lid member, a reel unit protection member, and an intermediate member. The reel body includes an accommodation space that opens to a lateral side, a first insertion hole that is communicated with the accommodation space, and a second insertion hole that is disposed on the opposite side of the first insertion hole and is communicated with the accommodation space. The lid member is detachably/reattachably mounted to the reel body so as to cover the accommodation space. The reel unit protection member is mounted from backward so as to cover the reel body and the lid member, and includes a boss that passes through the first insertion hole from a rear portion of the reel body and protrudes toward the accommodation space.

Abstract: A modified reel and mounting assembly for attaching a fishing reel to a fishing rod. The assembly includes a cutout in the reel which conforms to the surface of the reel seat and an arcuate slot on both ends of the cutout. The cutout in the reel mates with surface of the reel seat, and the seat mounts are received by the arcuate slots. The arcuate slots create a lip which is clamped into place by the clamps of the rod seat. In the preferred embodiment, a clamp bar is also provided for increased stability.

Abstract: Provided a side cover detachable apparatus of a dual bearing reel for fishing. The apparatus includes a boss, a rod, and a spring. The boss is provided within a side cover, has a stop hole at a center, and has a slope surface around a front end. The rod moves to the left/right with passing through a reel frame and the side cover, and is selectively inserted into the stop hole of the boss. The spring is fitted around the rod and elastically supports left/right movement of the rod.

Abstract: In a reel with a spool a hood and an axially aligned and substantially cup-shaped rotor partially encircling the spool, a molded monocoque frame rotor design in which the monocoque frame is molded to include various features of the rotor and in which the leading and trailing edges of the rotor are of a material substantially different from the monocoque frame.

Abstract: A fishing reel end plate may comprise a unitary disk having a generally central opening between a frame facing side and an exterior side thereof, a bridge proximate the frame facing side thereof and a wall joining a fundus and the exterior side thereof defining a first cavity open at the exterior side. The bridge may have a hole spaced apart from a generally central opening for receiving a stud. The unitary disk may have a second cavity open at the frame facing side and separated from the first cavity by a common portion of the wall, and the common wall portion may have an opening between the first and second cavities. The end plate may be mounted to the frame of a fishing reel.

Abstract: A spinning reel includes a reel unit mounted to a fishing rod, and a rotor rotatably mounted to the reel unit on a front side, and guard members. The guard members include plate-shaped embedded portions and protruding portions. The embedded portion of one guard member is embedded in the reel unit from the rod attachment leg to the rear end portion and the lower and portion. The embedded portions of other guard members are embedded in the rotor on an outer portion of a cylindrical portion, and on an outer portion of a second rotor arm. The protruding portions protrude from the outer surface of the reel unit or the rotor. The guard members can come into contact with the ground when the spinning reel is placed thereon, such that scratching on the reel unit or the rotor can be prevented.

Abstract: Provided a side cover detachable apparatus of a dual bearing reel for fishing. The apparatus includes a boss, a rod, and a spring. The boss is provided within a side cover, has a stop hole at a center, and has a slope surface around a front end. The rod moves to the left/right with passing through a reel frame and the side cover, and is selectively inserted into the stop hole of the boss. The spring is fitted around the rod and elastically supports left/right movement of the rod.