Abstract: A stabilizer apparatus has a mounting frame that mounts onto a ladder so as to be longitudinally slidable along the rails of the ladder. Stabilizer legs are pivotally supported on the mounting frame between a stored position in which the legs are supported alongside the mounting frame and a working position protruding outwardly from the mounting frame. A screw clamp type retaining mechanism selectively prevents longitudinal displacement of the mounting frame relative to the ladder for stabilising the ladder while in the working position of the legs.

Abstract: An adjustable platform work tray includes a storage platform, a fixed mounting channel, an adjustable mounting channel, a support frame, and an adjustable brace. The storage platform that function as the storage area for materials and tools includes a base and a side wall. The fixed mounting channel is laterally mounted along a first wall section of the side wall and functions as one of the mounting structures. The support frame is perpendicularly mounted to the base and oriented opposite of the side wall. The support frame is positioned adjacent to the first wall section as the adjustable mounting channel is slidably mounted to the support frame. The adjustable mounting channel that functions as the second structure and the fixed mounting channel are positioned coplanar to each other. The adjustable brace is rotatably engaged in between the base and the adjustable mounting channel to further support the storage platform.

Abstract: A ladder mounted system for supporting a panel during installation may include a lower hanger that may comprise a vertical support with a top end and a bottom end opposite the top end. The vertical support includes a backside configured to be oriented towards the ladder, and a frontside opposite the backside. An upper hook may be coupled to the vertical support, the upper hook being configured to be disposed over a first step of the ladder. A lower hook may be coupled to the vertical support, the lower hook being configured to be disposed over a second step of the ladder below the first step. A holding area may be disposed below the lower hook and be coupled to the vertical support for supporting the panel during installation.

Abstract: A ladder stability enhancing assembly includes a sleeve with an outer wall having an upper end and a lower end. The lower end is open and is configured to receive a top end of a ladder side rail. A coupler is mounted to the sleeve and is configured to releasable engage a ladder rung. A stabilizer is attached to the sleeve. The stabilizer is positionable on a roof to stabilize a ladder engaged with the sleeve. The stabilizer extends upwardly and forwardly of the sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding supplies on a ladder having a plurality of laterally extending rungs supported by side rails comprising a U-shaped bracket having front and rear walls spaced apart to form a gap therebetween, at least one hook adapted to receive at least one ladder rung therein and wherein the bracket is secured to the at least one hook.

Abstract: A stepladder system having an object having a lug slot. The system has a stepladder. The stepladder has a ladder top having a plane having a periphery and a lug extending from the periphery which engages with the lug slot in an object so the object is held securely to the ladder top. A method of holding securely an object to a stepladder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a boarding apparatus for boarding animals onto a boat or other above-water surface, and methods of using the apparatus. The apparatus has a boarding step assembly, a mounting assembly attached to the boarding step assembly for connecting the step assembly to a boat hull gunwale or transom lip, and a strut assembly for supporting the engagement of the boarding step assembly to the boat hull.

Abstract: A ladder holder for mounting a ladder in an upright orientation relative to a retaining wall is disclosed. The holder includes a mounting portion for coupling in fixed relation to the wall in a mounted position and a support portion supported fixedly on the mounting portion. The mounting portion has a first clamping surface and a second clamping surface that is moveable relative to the first clamping surface. The first and second clamping surfaces frictionally engage the inner and outer surfaces of the top beam of the retaining wall. The support portion has upper and lower rung-receiving slots used in conjunction to mount the ladder on the support portion at a fixed angle relative to the mounting portion. Furthermore, the storage slot suspends the ladder vertically from the support portion independently of the upper and lower slots.

Abstract: Various embodiments of ladders, ladder components, accessories for ladders, ladder systems and related methods are provided. In one embodiment a ladder and platform system is provided having at least two ladders and a platform or plank. The platform or plank has coupling mechanisms that provide adjustable but secure coupling of the platform to the ladders, either with the top cap or with the rungs. Other embodiments include storage devices and paint trays for use with ladders and ladder systems incorporating such devices.

Abstract: The present invention features a ladder shelf system for adding a generally planar rectangular shelf close to the top of a step ladder. The system has the generally planar rectangular shelf that is rigid with a step engagement member located on a shelf top surface. The step engagement member is adapted to fit inside an interior cavity of a top step of a step ladder. The system has a generally planar rectangular non-slip pad centrally located on the shelf top surface. The system has a locking lever located close to the shelf posterior end. In a first unlocked position, a first clamping member and a second clamping member lie on a plane perpendicular to the shelf top surface. In a second locked position, the first clamping member and the second clamping member lie on a plane parallel with the shelf top surface.

Abstract: A folding shelf holder is strong and folds easily. A wall side member has a pin as a rotational axis of a shelf side member relative to the wall side member and a rotation limiter limiting rotation of the shelf side member relative to the wall side member. The shelf side member has a long groove for inserting the pin of the wall side member. When the folded shelf side member is opened to be approximately orthogonal to the wall side member and the shelf side member is slid toward the wall side member and in a direction where the long groove extends, the shelf side member abuts, at a back side of the pin, to the rotation limiter of the wall side member, preventing rotation of the shelf side member relative to the wall side member. Then, the shelf side member cannot fold relative to the wall side member.

Abstract: A paint can shelf attaches to a sliding extension ladder fly section. The shelf includes two parallel arms which reach through hollow rungs of the sliding extension ladder fly section, whereby the shelf is raised and lowered with the sliding extension ladder fly section. Slides are attached to the arms on each side of the sliding extension ladder fly section and include low friction surfaces facing the fixed extension ladder section. The slides allow somewhat loose tolerances in the engagement of the arms with the ladder preventing the ladder sections from binding when the ladder is extended or lowered.

Abstract: Disclosed is tool rest for holding tools, materials, and supplies on scaffolding. The tool rest can attach to either the short end or the long side of scaffolding. The tool rest includes a tool tray that is defined by a relatively large, flat horizontal floor surrounded by raised perimeter curb sections. A shelf assembly extends horizontally from one (1) curb section. The shelf assembly includes a flat surface having multiple openings for receiving cup holders or tools. The tool rest clamps to scaffolding posts and includes a mounting assembly having an attachment bracket and at least one (1) angled brace that increases the tool tray loading capacity. The tool rest is detachable and is designed to not interfere with the functionality or safety of the scaffolding.

Abstract: A bracket (60) for securing a first kickboard (62) transversely of a second kickboard (54) comprises a socket (64) for receiving an end of the first kickboard and a clip (70) for securing the bracket to the second kickboard, the clip comprising a lateral extension (76) aligned with the longitudinal axis of the second kickboard for stabilizing the bracket thereon. Also disclosed are (1) a telescopic rail (46) for use in forming a guard or safety barrier for builders' trestles, staging, scaffolding or the like, comprising inner and outer telescopic parts (80, 82), in which the inner part is prevented from sliding free of the outer part in use; (2) a brace for stabilizing adjacent trestles; (3) a ladder support bracket; (4) removable safety rail components and (5) a longitudinal kickboard bracket attached to a trestle crossmember.

Abstract: Exemplary systems and methods described herein can be used to secure a rail to a module or the rail to a support using a nut that can be inserted at a desired point of mounting. Another exemplary system describes a flashing to be inserted under a roof shingle, wherein the flashing is secured to a support for a rail or module. Yet another exemplary system describes a clamp that secures a rail or module and is adjustable along the length of a post. Spacers can be added to the post to extend the adjustment range of the clamp.

Abstract: A platform assembly includes a ladder that comprises a plurality of steps coupled to and extending between a pair of legs. A platform is provided that may be coupled to a selected one of the steps.

Abstract: A tray is adapted to be attached to a scaffold, which may be achieved either through a clamp or by inserting an element into the end of a scaffold vertical member. A support structure of the tray may be affixed to a support structure, wherein the support structure is configured to provide a surface on which the user may position certain items. The tray has at least two axes of rotation with respect to the structure to which it is mounted, and the tray may be configured to be height adjustable. In one embodiment, the tray is configured specifically to support a paint container, and in another embodiment the tray is configured so that the support structure is formed as a tub.

Abstract: A reversible ladder-mounted support and tray has a bracket designed to be removably affixed to the combination of a rail of a ladder and over a rung just adjacent to the rail. A first fitting is provided that overlies the rail and a second fitting overlies the rung. Concerning the second fitting overlying the rung, in fact, two such fittings are also provided that are essentially back-to-back. In this way, the support may be removably installed on either of the opposed rails of the ladder so that the support can extend laterally to either side of the ladder. Attached to the first fitting designed to overlie the rail is an elongated rod to which is mounted an elongated tube or sleeve having a split and a locking mechanism. The split allows the tube to slide freely over the rod and the locking mechanism may be engaged to narrow the split to lock the position and orientation of the tube thereon.

Abstract: The present invention features a ladder tool tray with separable paint bucket. The tool tray comprises a first section as a tool organizer and a second section for paint bucket. The second section is removably attached to the first section via securing clasps and a top bracket. The first section comprises a plurality of storage compartments, screw driver holders, drill holders and cleaning tower/clothes hangers. The second section is a paint bucket with integrated hook to hold paint roller above the paint within the paint bucket. Each section has a handle for individual lifting and the handles can be held jointly to carry both sections together.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a ladder apparatus capable of being mounted to a vehicle. The ladder apparatus generally comprises a mounting support, a main ladder support for receiving an extension ladder, and a torsion support. The mounting support, the main ladder support and the torsion support are pivotally connected so that the apparatus can be raised from a retracted home position to an extended position. When the apparatus is in the extended position it can be set to a desired height and/or rotational position.

Abstract: A container mounted on the top step of a stepladder has a bottom wall joined to upright walls providing a chamber for holding tools, paint cans, parts and supplies. A ledge joined to an upright wall has holes and a slot to retain additional tools. Releasable fasteners secure the bottom wall to the top step of a stepladder.

Abstract: A founding chair for a founding ladder system is of a lightweight fabricated design and includes a pivotally secured top leveling plate. A ladder system for the founding chair includes a slide in engagement rack for securing of the founding chair and allowing incremental adjustment.

Abstract: A tool carrying device configured for removable engagement atop a stepladder and to provide elevated support for a user when the carrying device is positioned on the ground. A secure removable engagement with the top of the ladder is provided by walls descending from a top which form a skirt to surround the top end of the ladder and hold the device from sliding therefrom. Removable tool holders and shelves to hold and store tools are provided, allowing the user a secure tool box when atop a ladder and a slightly elevated working structure for tasks requiring a lower elevation for the user.

Abstract: The present invention is a paint chip and drip catching ladder accessory, which is used to prevent stray paint particles from hitting the surrounding area while painting. The present invention comprises a trough and two ladder attachments. The trough is used to catch both wet paint drops and dry paint chips from hitting the ground. The trough is also used to carry the stray paint particles to a wastebasket. Each of the ladder attachments have an insert that can be pushed into the outer side of a ladder, which allows the ladder attachments to be properly positioned along the ladder. The two ladder attachments extend away from the ladder in order to support the trough from the bottom. A plurality of grooves, which is located on the two ladder attachments, allows the trough to be adequately situated on the two ladder attachments.

Abstract: A ladder top for a stepladder includes a plane having a front and a rear. The plane has a bin for holding small parts and having a shape to hold a propane tank adjacent the front of the plane. The plane has at least one screwdriver hole. The plane has a drill holster. The plane has a hammer/pipe wrench hole. The plane has a channel lock slot. The plane has a pipe holder extending along the length of the pipe for holding pipe. A method for using a ladder top for a stepladder.

Abstract: A tray for supporting tools, paint cans, painting supplies and the like is pivotally held in a selected position by an elongated frame removably attached to a ladder rail. The ladder tray includes a folding shelf, a shelf support, a rail embracing frame, a hinge means connecting the shelf and support to the frame, and hooks for engaging the rungs of the ladder. A variety of apertures, depressions and/or raised areas exist on the tray in various sizes and shapes and are adapted for holding tools or for temporary placement of cans, bottles, jugs, tools and the like on shelf. When mounted, the ladder tray extends out from one side of the ladder and does not prevent a user from climbing up or down the ladder. It may be folded down alongside the rail of the ladder to a space saving transport or storage position or may be folded and removed from the ladder to store.

Abstract: A climbing apparatus that rests on a surface includes a flip ladder that can move between a straight configuration and a stepladder configuration. The apparatus includes a tray having a plane attached to the flip ladder that moves with the flip ladder between the straight configuration where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the ladder in a stowed position and a stepladder configuration where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the surface in an open position. A method for climbing includes the steps of moving a flip ladder between a straight configuration and a stepladder configuration. There is the step of moving a tray having a plane attached to the flip ladder from a stowed position where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the ladder to an opened position where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the surface.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a ladder top for a stepladder. The top comprises a plane having a front and a rear. The plane has a bin with a curved front side adjacent the front of the plane for holding small electrical parts. The plane has at least one screwdriver hole for holding the screwdriver. The plane has a hammer/drill holster slot. The plane has a pliers slot. The plane has a wire strippers slot and a channel locks slots. A method for using a ladder top for a stepladder.

Abstract: A work platform for a ladder includes a support assembly that removably attaches to the ladder. The platform includes a tray which attaches to the assembly. The tray has a plane having a front and a rear. The plane has at least a first bin for holding small parts, a tool lasso slot, at least one screwdriver hole, and at least one drill holster slot. A method for using a work platform for a ladder includes the steps of obtaining small parts from a first bin in a plane of a tray held to a ladder with a support assembly of the platform. There is the step of placing at least one screwdriver in a screwdriver hole in the plane for holding the screwdriver. There is the step of placing a drill in a drill holster slot in the plane. There is the step of placing a quart can of paint in a quart recess in the plane. There is the step of placing a paint scraper in a paint scraper slot in the plane.

Abstract: A stepladder includes a top having a plane having a front and a rear, the plane having at least a first bungee tool holding slot to hold a ball and bungee strap unit.

Abstract: A reversible ladder-mounted support and tray has a bracket designed to be removably affixed to the combination of a rail of a ladder and over a rung just adjacent to the rail. A first fitting is provided that overlies the rail and a second fitting overlies the rung. Concerning the second fitting overlying the rung, in fact, two such fittings are also provided that are essentially back-to-back. In this way, the support may be removably installed on either of the opposed rails of the ladder so that the support can extend laterally to either side of the ladder. Attached to the first fitting designed to overlie the rail is an elongated rod to which is mounted an elongated tube or sleeve having a split and a locking mechanism. The split allows the tube to slide freely over the rod and the locking mechanism may be engaged to narrow the split to lock the position and orientation of the tube thereon.

Abstract: A ladder mountable paint can holding assembly includes a panel that has a front side, a back side, a first lateral edge and a second lateral edge. A pair of support engagement members is attached to the panel. One of the support engagement members is positioned adjacent to the first lateral edge and one of the support engagement members is positioned adjacent to second lateral edge. Each of the support engagement members is configured to releasably engage one of the supports of the ladder. A receiving wall for supporting a paint can is attached to and extends outwardly from the front side. The receiving wall has an upper surface orientated perpendicular to the front side. The support engagement members are configured to engage a pair of supports of a ladder at an angle to retain the receiving wall in an approximately horizontal orientation.

Abstract: Apparatus used on extension ladder for supporting a paint can includes a platform. A first rod support member secured to such platform in a rotateable manner. A first leg secured to platform in a pivotable manner adjacent a second outer edge. A second leg secured to platform in a pivotable manner adjacent a third outer edge. A first adjustable leg engageable with such first leg for adjusting a length between a second end of first adjustable leg member and first end of such first leg. A second adjustable leg engageable with a second end of second leg for adjusting a length between a second end of second adjustable leg and the first end of second leg member. A second rod like support is secured to platform in a rotateable manner closely adjacent a fourth outer edge and a first and second ladder insert engageable with an end of a respective one of the first and second elongated rod support member.

Abstract: A caddy apparatus designed to hold paint, construction items, supplies, tools and other materials while on an extension ladder without interfering with the safety of the person standing on the ladder is herein disclosed. The apparatus uses a dimensioned dowel rod which is selectably placed through the hollow cavity of the ladder rungs and extends through to either side where it is used to support the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a “U”-shaped bracket, which is supported on the dowel rod in any one of three closely-spaced hanging tubes. The base of the bracket provides a large flat tray for use in holding materials while working on the extension ladder. The use of said caddy allows workers on extension ladders quick access to tools, supplies and materials in an efficient and safe manner.

Abstract: A climbing apparatus that rests on a surface includes a flip ladder that can move between a straight configuration and a stepladder configuration. The apparatus includes a tray having a plane attached to the flip ladder that moves with the flip ladder between the straight configuration where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the ladder in a stowed position and a stepladder configuration where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the surface in an open position. A method for climbing includes the steps of moving a flip ladder between a straight configuration and a stepladder configuration. There is the step of moving a tray having a plane attached to the flip ladder from a stowed position where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the ladder to an opened position where the tray plane is essentially parallel with the surface.

Abstract: A ladder accessory device includes an arm and a sleeve for engaging a hollow rung of a ladder. While installed, the sleeve is generally stationary within the hollow rung. The arm is generally is free to rotate within the sleeve about a first axis defined by length of the arm. A member engages the arm at a first joint about which the arm may rotate. A platform engages the member at a second joint about which the platform may rotate. Motion about the first axis and motion about the first joint enable the platform to be generally self-leveling in two directions while the member suspends the platform at a level lower than the arm. Range of motion of the first joint and second joint extend sufficiently to allow the arm, member and platform to be stored in a generally parallel alignment.

Abstract: A reinforced all terrain material and tool tray, having an articulating shelf assembly mounted on an articulating base assembly in order to improve access to construction material such as paint or tools, can be used on a roof, the ground, or on ladder, with or without the ladder shelf.

Abstract: A versatile, easy to use, adjustable tool, paint, accessory and supply caddy for use on an extension ladder. The caddy can be used on ladders having rungs that are either round in cross section or have steps that are flat and more rectangular in shape. Upper and lower mounting cradles attach to any consecutive rungs of the extension ladder at two separate attachments points. A quick release, spring loaded clamping mechanism allows the ladder caddy to be quickly and securely attached and then removed from the ladder, with the upper and lower mounting cradles adjustable to accommodate different ladder rung/step shapes as well as diameters and distances between rungs. Paddle shaped trays can be locked in place on the caddy in a variety of positions, and the trays can swing over or under each other or be swung in opposing directions away from the ladder user thereby creating a useable work space adaptable to almost any ladder position.

Abstract: An auxiliary cable bracket having a main plate and a mounting plate. The mounting plate is connected to the main plate and is positioned spaced apart from the main plate such that the frame of a ladder rack section can be positioned therebetween. At least one tooth is formed on a surface of at least one of the mounting plate and the main plate.

Abstract: An accessory holder for use on a stepladder. In one embodiment the accessory holder has hangers for holding tools inserted into holders for the hangers. In a second embodiment there is a stepladder having an accessory holder as an integral part thereof. The top member also contains holders for hangers along the periphery for the insertion of hangers for holding accessories. In a third embodiment a frame which fits over the top member of a stepladder contains risers and lateral strips. The accessory holder is secured to the top member of the stepladder by a strap. Hooks and ring hangers are attached to the frame. A front hanger may be swiveled out of the way and bumpers may be added to allow the stepladder to be positioned against a wall.

Abstract: A saw horse comprises a pair of frames each assembled from a plurality of wooden struts joined by metal formings of sheet stock. Fabric hinges join the frames at their upper ends. The metal formings are positioned and closed around the beams with piercings engaging the fabric hinges. Spreader struts are also hinged by a fabric strap that permits the spreader struts to lay in horizontal positions when the frames are pulled into an A-shape, and to be oriented in side-by-side vertical positions when the frames are folded together.

Abstract: A ladder accessory device includes an arm and a sleeve for engaging a hollow rung of a ladder. While installed, the sleeve is generally stationary within the hollow rung. The arm is generally is free to rotate within the sleeve about a first axis defined by length of the arm. A member engages the arm at a first joint about which the arm may rotate. A platform engages the member at a second joint about which the platform may rotate. Motion about the first axis and motion about the first joint enable the platform to be generally self-leveling in two directions while the member suspends the platform at a level lower than the arm. Range of motion of the first joint and second joint extend sufficiently to allow the arm, member and platform to be stored in a generally parallel alignment.

Abstract: A wall cabinet system includes a bracket and a plurality of fasteners for connecting first and second side panels and first and second shelves. The bracket includes a plurality of fastener receiving holes. A first fastener extends through an upper side panel and a first fastener receiving hole; a second fastener extends through the lower side panel and a second fastener receiving hole; a third fastener extends through the upper side panel, a third fastener receiving hole, and the upper shelf; and a fourth fastener extends through the lower side panel, a fourth fastener receiving hole, and the lower shelf.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a ladder top for a stepladder. The top comprises a plane having a front and a rear. The plane has a bin with a curved front side adjacent the front of the plane for holding small electrical parts. The plane has at least one screwdriver hole for holding the screwdriver. The plane has a hammer/drill holster slot. The plane has a pliers slot. The plane has a wire strippers slot and a channel locks slots. A method for using a ladder top for a stepladder.

Abstract: A portable table or shelf support surface formed for ready engagement to the upper portion of a stepladder or the like. The support surface has an opening formed therethrough for receiving the upper portion of the stepladder. A receiver is formed at the opening, with walls emanating from the underside at an angle commensurate with the angle of the exterior edges of the front and rear stiles forming the open stepladder, so as to directly engage and receive support from said stiles. A spreader bar is provided to engage the upper portion of the stiles or the underside of the top step of the ladder, and apply pressure via first and second threaded members to the upper portion of the surface mounted about the ladder, the threaded members having foot pads formed to apply downward pressure so as to anchor and stabilize the support surface.

Abstract: An improved scaffolding securement system is provided which is adjustable and reusable. By securing a first threaded bar to a building and a second threaded bar to a scaffold, a turnbuckle provided therebetween allows for incremental adjustment of the distance between the scaffold and the building as desired. Additionally, as the profile of the portion of the scaffolding securement system connected to the structure is slightly smaller than a standard brick, only one brick need be left out of the structure and subsequently placed when the scaffolding securement system is removed. By utilizing a collar around the scaffold, the scaffolding securement system allows for incremental lateral adjustments of the scaffolding securement system relative to the scaffold, with a set screw locking the scaffolding securement system relative to the scaffold when the desired orientation has been achieved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simple, inexpensive utility container device for use with a hollow rung ladder. The container device includes a rung insert member and a container for holding a liquid material. The container includes a pair of aligned openings that are offset rearwardly so that the container automatically tips to a suitable forward angle to make it easier for the user to access the contents of the container. In a preferred device, the rung insert member will include a rung insertion portion at each end of the rung insert member, with a container holding portion therebetween, to permit the device to be used in either right or left hand mode. In an alternative embodiment, the rung insert member and container are an integral unit.

Abstract: A storage unit includes a tray including a bottom surface and sidewalls connected to an outer perimeter of the bottom surface. The tray has an open top surface in fluid communication with the ambient surroundings. The sidewalls extend upward from the bottom surface and are registered perpendicular thereto. Opposed sidewalls are provided with equidistantly spaced notches formed therein that extend along a length of the tray. Corresponding notches are aligned along the opposed sidewalls. Coextensive and linear dividers are positioned into the notches and define isolated chambers. A mechanism is included for conjoining the tray to a ladder rung such that the tray becomes situated along a horizontal plane on top of the ladder rung. The conjoining mechanism is spaced from the dividers and the bottom surface of the tray respectively.

Abstract: A ladder and container combination apparatus includes a ladder with a first pair of legs and a second pair of legs hingedly coupled together. A plurality of steps is attached to and extends between the legs of the first pair of legs. A collapsible housing includes a bottom wall that has a first side edge, a second side edge, front edge and a back edge. A back wall is hingedly coupled to the back edge, a front wall is hingedly coupled to the front edge, a first side wall is attached to the first edge, and a second side wall is attached to the second side edge. A support is attached to the housing and to a selected one of the steps. The support is configured to selectively position the bottom wall in a horizontal orientation or in a generally vertical position extending.

Abstract: A removable shelf for attachment to a scaffold including a generally L-shaped frame releasably connectable around one of the vertically spaced horizontal crossbars of the scaffold. An object support panel is connected to one or both of the legs to support objects thereatop. Each leg is of sufficient length to extend between two vertically adjacent crossbars so that a distal portion of one leg contacts a lower one of the two crossbars to maintain the substantially horizontal orientation of the other leg and corresponding support panel when weighty objects are placed thereatop.