Abstract: A remote control device sends a patterned infrared signal to the display device. A display device receives the patterned infrared signal by using a plurality of infrared receivers. The display device obtains a projection pattern of the patterned infrared signal on a display screen. The display device determines a pointing position of the remote control device on the display screen based on the projection pattern. The display device displays a prompt mark in the pointing position of the display screen, where the prompt mark is used to prompt a user with the pointing position of the remote control device on the display screen.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, includes a semiconductor substrate with active regions and a first buried metal layer provided below the semiconductor substrate. The first buried metal layer includes a first buried conductive rail, a first set of buried conductive fingers that extends from the first buried conductive rail, and a second set of buried conductive fingers that are interleaved with the first set of buried conductive fingers. The first set and the second set of buried conductive fingers extends beneath more than one of the active regions. In this manner, the first set and the second set of buried conductive fingers can be utilized to distribute different voltages, such as a ungated reference voltage TVDD and a gated reference voltage VVDD in a header circuit with reduced resistance.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device. The display panel includes a display area.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a central region in which plural first pixels output first pixel information and a peripheral region in which plural second pixels output second pixel information, the peripheral region surrounding the central region. A size of a second pixel, of the plural second pixels, is 4n times greater than that of a first pixel, of the plural first pixels, n being an integer.

Abstract: A method for detection of print marks by evaluation of a cyclical sensor signal (S) from at least one contrast sensor, which senses an area of printed material containing a print mark that passes below the contrast sensor. The method includes forming a first derivation (S?) of the cyclical sensor signal (S); determining a first edge region in a region where the first derivation (S?) falls below a lower threshold value; determining a second edge region in a region where the first derivation (S?) exceeds an upper threshold value; determining characteristic values for the first edge region and the second edge region; associating a print mark detection between the first edge region and the second edge region based on the determined characteristic values; and generating at least one output value which is representative of the print marks.

Abstract: A base material for printed interconnect boards according to one aspect of the present invention includes a base film; and at least one conductive layer that is layered on the base film. The base material for printed interconnect boards includes a product in which a plurality of interconnect board pieces are regularly arrayed in plan view and includes an outer frame region surrounding the product. The outer frame region includes a proximity region within 5 mm from an outer edge of the product and includes an outside region other than the proximity region. A layered conductive layer area rate of the proximity region is smaller than a layered conductive layer area rate of the product.

Abstract: A holding apparatus, in particular a holding arm and/or tripod, for medical purposes, comprises a proximal end for attaching the holding apparatus to a base and a distal end for receiving an add-on device; at least one first and one second arm segment, wherein the first arm segment is connected to a first joint and the second arm segment is connected to a second joint, wherein each joint is releasable and lockable; an operating device for releasing and/or locking the respective joint for putting the holding apparatus into a desired pose; and a first display unit which is arranged on the first joint and a second display unit which is arranged on the second joint. The first and/or second display unit is configured to display at least one status of the holding apparatus and/or of an add-on device that is different from the releasing and/or locking of the respective joint. The invention further relates to a method.

Abstract: A safety-oriented load switching device for the electric switching of an automation component, the device including a first branch circuit and a second branch circuit which extend from a respective supply-side supply connection to a respective load-side load connection, wherein a switching assembly including a parallel circuit of a switching means designed for an opening and a closing of the respective branch circuit and of a resistor means is formed in each branch circuit, and further including at least one measuring point located between the switching assembly and the load connection, and wherein a potential measuring device, which is electrically connected to a reference point and configured for providing a potential-dependent measuring signal, is connected to the measuring point.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application disclose various super-resolution image acquisition methods and apparatus. One of the super-resolution image acquisition methods comprises: acquiring an image of a to-be-shot scene by an image sensor; changing pixel point distribution of the image sensor at least once; separately acquiring an image of the to-be-shot scene by the image sensor changed each time; and acquiring a super-resolution image of the to-be-shot scene according to the acquired images. According to the embodiments of the present application, by fusing multiple differentiated images of the same scene acquired by a single image sensor in different time periods, a super-resolution image is acquired. The solution is simple and easy to implement, and may better meet users' diversified actual application needs.

Abstract: A method for determining an orientation of a photosensor of a controller with respect to a projector is described. The method includes generating, by a beam generator of the projector, a beam. The method further includes modifying a direction of travel of the beam using a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) mirror that moves in a pattern, detecting the beam, calculating a time at which the beam is detected, and determining based on the pattern and the time an orientation of the beam to determine the orientation of the photosensor.

Abstract: A resistor string outputs sixteen signals with a phase difference of 22.5° by dividing voltage between two adjacent phases of a four-phase input signal with a phase difference of 2?/M (where M is an integer equal to or greater than 2), and by generating four signals with a delayed phase for each phase of the four-phase input signal. A switch portion selects four signals with a phase difference of 90° from the sixteen signals. Amplifiers output each of the four signals, which are attenuated by dividing the voltage with the resistor string, as a four-phase output signal by amplifying each of the four signals such that an amplitude of the four signals matches the amplitude of the four-phase input signal.

Abstract: A method for determining an orientation of a photosensor of a controller with respect to a projector is described. The method includes generating, by a beam generator of the projector, a beam. The method further includes modifying a direction of travel of the beam using a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) mirror that moves in a pattern, detecting the beam, calculating a time at which the beam is detected, and determining based on the pattern and the time an orientation of the beam to determine the orientation of the photosensor.

Abstract: A trashcan assembly can include a body portion, a lid portion pivotably coupled with the body portion, and a sensor assembly configured to generate a signal when an object is detected within a sensing region. The sensor assembly can include a plurality of transmitters having a first subset of transmitters and a second subset of transmitters. A transmission axis of least one transmitter in the first subset of transmitters can be different from a transmission axis of at least one of the transmitters in the second subset of transmitters. An electronic processor can generate an electronic signal to a power-operated drive mechanism for moving the lid portion from a closed position to an open position when the sensor assembly detects the object within the sensing region.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, an optical device is provided. The optical device includes a channel waveguide, and a plurality of optical elements arranged along at least a portion of the channel waveguide to interact with light propagating in the channel waveguide, wherein a period of the plurality of optical elements changes nonlinearly along the portion of the channel waveguide. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming an optical device is also provided.

Abstract: A trashcan assembly can include a body portion, a lid portion pivotably coupled with the body portion, and a sensor assembly configured to generate a signal when an object is detected within a sensing region. The sensor assembly can include a plurality of transmitters having a first subset of transmitters and a second subset of transmitters. A transmission axis of at least one transmitter in the first subset of transmitters can be different from a transmission axis of at least one of the transmitters in the second subset of transmitters. An electronic processor can generate an electronic signal to a power-operated drive mechanism for moving the lid portion from a closed position to an open position, such as in response to the sensor assembly detecting the object.

Abstract: An optical encoder, comprising a plurality of light receiving elements 1-12, receiving light that has passed through or been reflected by a scale having a lattice of pitch P, and outputting four-phase signals that have been respectively offset in phase by an integer number of times 90° (1/4P). 12 light receiving elements being are in the lateral direction (scale longitudinal direction) with gaps between them of P/60 or 2P/60, four arbitrary light receiving elements arranged next to each other in a row all output signals of different phases, and light receiving elements respectively outputting signals of same phase have three lateral widths of 7OP/60, 13P/60 or 20P/60.

Abstract: A radiographic image capture device includes a radiation detector and a determination section. The radiation detector includes a first sensor for radiographic image capture and a second sensor for radiation detection. The determination section determines whether or not radiation has been detected by the radiation detector based on a ratio of a first value obtained by the first sensor to a second value obtained by the second sensor.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an image sensor and an image fiber that guides light incident from a focusing optical system toward the image sensor. The image sensor has such configuration that the distance in a first direction between two intersections is between ¼ times and ¾ times a pixel pitch of the image sensor, where one intersection is an intersection between a straight line passing through the center of the first sensor pixel and parallel to the first direction and a straight line connecting the center of the target pixel and the center of the adjacent pixel and the other intersection is an intersection between a straight line passing through the center of the second sensor pixel and parallel to the first direction and a straight line connecting the center of the target pixel and the center of the adjacent pixel.

Abstract: A gesture cell including a photodiode comprising a first layer, the first layer formed as a serpentine element on a substrate, and an optical blind configured to guide a light that is incident from a first direction on the photodiode, the optical blind being placed on the photodiode obliquely toward the first direction, wherein the serpentine element is continuously formed from multiple limbs positioned in the first directions and returning in a corresponding second direction, and each limb positioned in the first direction and the corresponding limb returning in the second direction are equally spaced apart.

Abstract: An optical sensor system is disclosed. The optical sensor system comprises a panel and a sensing unit. The panel comprises a plurality of transparent areas. The sensing unit locates at one side of the panel and the sensing unit senses a plurality of first light signals reflected by an object and senses a plurality second light signals of an ambient light. The reflected first light signals and the second light signals pass through one of the plurality of transparent areas of the panel. The sensing unit further comprises a light sensor and a plurality of gesture sensors. The light sensor locates at the center of the sensing unit, and the light sensor senses the second light signals. The plurality of gesture sensors surrounds the light sensor, and the gesture sensors senses the reflected first light signals and then produce gesture signals corresponding to motions of the object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detection system for the detection of movements of a movable object. The detection system may comprises: a light emitting device (S) for emitting light, a reflecting unit (5) being arranged in functional connection with the movable object and being adapted for reflecting the emitted light, a plurality of detectors (D1 to D4) for detecting the reflected light and outputting detection signals for determining a movement of the movable object. When reflecting the emitted light, the reflecting unit causes a light spot to be incident on the plurality of detectors, and the plurality of detectors are arranged in a predetermined manner so as to be located completely inside the light spot irrespective of any movement of the movable object. The present invention further relates to a method of detecting movements of the movable object, and an IC having implemented therein the detection system.

Abstract: An image sensor and a method of manufacturing the same. The image sensor includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion units that are horizontally arranged and selectively emit electric signals by absorbing color beams.

Abstract: Coherent optical signal processing is performed in a coherent receiver (or diagnostic/testing apparatus) that converts an amplitude and/or angle-modulated optical signal into two electrical signals. A simple receiver can only detect one phase of the signal and only the polarization that is aligned with a local oscillator laser polarization. To detect both phases and both polarizations, two sets of two interferometers, one each with a ?/2 phase shift are required. Coherent optical signal processing methods, apparatus, techniques, etc. are disclosed that include individual components comprising a polarization combiner, a Savart device and photodetection apparatus with substantially reduced temperature and alignment sensitivity operating in optical communication systems and/or subsystems. The various embodiments can be used alone or in such combinations to provide improved coherent optical signal processing in a receiver.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for measuring the direction distribution of light. In some implementations, an ambient light direction distribution sensor device can include, for example, a light steering layer that is designed to steer light from different incident angles toward associated locations on a light detector. The light detector can then output one or more signals that are indicative of the amount of light that is incident upon the sensor device from different incident angles. These measurements can be used to control various parameters of a display in response to the detected ambient lighting conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for input of movements and/or registration of forces, comprising at least one light source, at least one position sensitive device (PSD) and at least one diaphragm, wherein at least one of these three elements is moveable with respect to the two other elements. The light source is arranged at a mounting so that light from the light source is emitted through an opening in the mounting and through the at least one diaphragm onto the at least one PSD.

Abstract: Apparatus and method, as may be used to acquire different components of solar irradiance in a solar-based power generation system or as may be used in a sky imager, are provided. A filter matrix (12) may be arranged to receive incident solar irradiance. The filter matrix may include an array of pixels (20) controllable to selectively acquire different components of the solar irradiance. A module, such as a photosensor (22) or calculator module (29) may be configured to determine a spatial location of at least one of the irradiance components relative to the array of pixels of the filter matrix. A controller (26) may be electrically coupled to the module to supply a control signal to the filter matrix based on the determined location of the irradiance component to pass a selected one of the irradiance components.

Abstract: A light energy testing device includes a light source emitting parallel light, a Fresnel lens concentrating the parallel light, a fiber array consisting of a plurality of optical fibers, and an energy detecting device. Each fiber includes a light incident and emitting surface. The light incident surfaces are coplanar to define a light receiving surface. The light emitting surfaces cooperatively define a light transmitting surface. The energy detecting device includes a plurality of sensor units optically coupled with the light transmitting surface and a testing device connected to the sensor units. The parallel light is focused by the Fresnel lens to irradiate the light receiving surface. The sensor units generate energy signals according to the light from the light transmitting surface. The energy detecting device calculates a light energy distribution according to the energy signals.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a back-illuminated solid-state imaging device including forming a mask with apertures corresponding to a pixel pattern on the surface of a semiconductor layer, implanting second-conductivity-type impurity ions into the semiconductor layer from the front side of the layer to form second-conductivity-type photoelectric conversion parts and forming a part where no ion has been implanted into a pixel separation region, forming at the surface of the semiconductor layer a signal scanning circuit for reading light signals obtained at the photoelectric conversion parts after removing the mask, and removing the semiconductor substrate and a buried insulating layer from the semiconductor layer after causing a support substrate to adhere to the front side of the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A detector assembly is configured for characterizing electromagnetic energy that propagates along a light path. At least a component of the electromagnetic energy carries electromagnetic energy information along the light path. The detector assembly includes a first detector array arranged along the light path and having photosensitive elements aligned to receive at least some of the electromagnetic energy, including the component. The photosensitive elements selectively absorb a first portion of the component and produce a first set of electrical image data, based at least in part on the electomagnetic energy information, in response to the component. At least some of the photosensitive elements are at least partially transparent so that they selectively pass a second portion of the component to continue along the light path.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an ambient light sensor configured to determine the direction of a beam of light incident thereon are disclosed. In one embodiment, an ambient light sensor is provided that comprises a plurality of light detectors arranged in a spatial array upon a light sensing surface. Each of the light detectors in the array is configured to generate an analog output voltage in response to the beam of ambient light falling thereon. The amount of light incident on the individual light detectors in the spatial array varies according to the position of each such sensor with respect to direction of the beam of ambient light. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is operably coupled to the plurality of light detectors and is configured to receive the analog output signals generated thereby as inputs thereto, and to provide digital output values representative of the analog signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of circuitry and methods to compensate for variations in hysteresis associated with the comparators of an interpolation circuit in a single track optical encoder. Such variations in hysteresis may be minimized or eliminated by providing appropriately configured resistor ladder circuits to condition the inputs to the comparators, or by programming or trimming resistors in positive feedback loops of the comparators. The single track optical encoder configurations disclosed herein permit very high resolution reflective optical encoders in small packages to be provided. Methods of making and using such optical encoders are also disclosed.

Abstract: A motion recognizing apparatus and method are provided. According to an aspect, a motion recognizing apparatus may include: an optical sensor configured to sense at least a portion of a subject where a motion occurs and to output one or more events in response thereto; a motion tracing unit configured to trace a motion locus of the portion where the motion occurs based on the one or more outputted events; and a motion pattern determining unit configured to determine a motion pattern of the portion where the motion occurs based on the traced motion locus.

Abstract: An image reading device includes a reference member, a reading unit, a first reference value setting unit, a detecting unit, a second reference value setting unit, a determining unit, and a pixel value setting unit. The reading unit obtains image data and reference data. The first reference value setting unit sets a first reference value based on the reference data. The detecting unit detects a usage state of the reading unit. The second reference value setting unit sets a second reference value in accordance with the usage state. If the determining unit determines that the first reference value is in a predetermined condition, the pixel value setting unit sets a pixel value based on the image data and the first reference value; otherwise, the pixel value setting unit sets the pixel value based on the image data and the second reference value.

Abstract: Example embodiments are directed to light sensing circuits having a relatively simpler structure by using light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistors as light sensing devices, and remote optical touch panels and image acquisition apparatuses, each including the light sensing circuits. The light sensing circuit includes a light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor in each pixel, wherein the light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor is configured as a light sensing device, and a driving circuit that outputs data. The light sensing circuit may have a relatively simple circuit structure including a plurality of transistors in one pixel. As a result, the structure and operation of the light sensing circuit may be simplified.

Abstract: An optical sensor device includes a plurality of optical sensor units two-dimensionally arranged, a scan driver, and a detection driver. The scan driver sets optical sensor units, in each row, in a selected state. The detection driver acquires detection signals corresponding to illuminance of incident light on the optical sensor units. Each of the optical sensor units comprises a first optical sensor including a first photoelectric conversion section blocked from light and a second optical sensor including a second photoelectric conversion section configured to change the illuminance in response to an externally applied external force. The detection driver maintains each voltage of electrodes of the first optical sensors and each voltage of electrodes of the second optical sensors in equal voltage levels to each other, and acquires a plurality of voltage signals in parallel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detection system for detecting movement of a movable object. The detection system comprises a light source (S) for emitting light, a reflecting unit (8) being arranged in functional connection with the movable object (6) and being adapted for reflecting the emitted light, at least one detector (D1 to D4) for detecting the reflected light and outputting detection signals for determining the movement of the movable object, an analogue-to-digital converter which includes at least one current source for obtaining a digital signal, and a common mode controller for outputting at least one common mode signal for controlling the at least one current source, wherein the digital signal which is indicative of the movement of the movable object in a predetermined direction being based on the output signal of the at least one detector and the at least one common mode signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detection system for the detection of movements of a movable object. The detection system may comprises: a light emitting device (S) for emitting light, a reflecting unit (5) being arranged in functional connection with the movable object and being adapted for reflecting the emitted light, a plurality of detectors (D1 to D4) for detecting the reflected light and outputting detection signals for determining a movement of the movable object. When reflecting the emitted light, the reflecting unit causes a light spot to be incident on the plurality of detectors, and the plurality of detectors are arranged in a predetermined manner so as to be located completely inside the light spot irrespective of any movement of the movable object. The present invention further relates to a method of detecting movements of the movable object, and an IC having implemented therein the detection system.

Abstract: An optical control system is described, which employs a series of optical emitters and detectors arranged about a touch area. The emitters are driven by a series of orthogonal functions, and the system is operable to correlate the signals received at the detectors with the modulation functions to determine the amount of energy received by the detectors from each of the emitters. This system means that all or many emitters can be modulated simultaneously, so the scanning process is accelerated. Also, the energy estimates arrived at by correlation with the modulating functions are largely unaffected by external interference signals as well by each other. An additional benefit of the present invention is that the correlation processing makes use of many detector samples and tends to yield results which have higher resolution than the sample values themselves, due to the averaging of noise over the sample set.

Abstract: A touch sensing apparatus includes a light source generating a light. The light travels though a light distribution part. A light guide part guides the light to the light distribution part. A light sensing part outputs an output signal corresponding to an intensity of the light incident through the light guide part and the light distribution part when a touch occurs. A light reflection part reflects the light provided to the light distribution part, and a coordinate generating part calculates a coordinate value of the touch using the output signal from the light sensing part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for optical scanning, comprising: a plurality of photo sensors, where the photo sensors are arranged to detect light incident on the photo sensors, emitted from a light source and reflected from an object subject to optical scanning; wherein the amount of light received at least one of the photo sensors is to a larger extent light transmitted from the light source; and to a smaller extent light reflected from the object.

Abstract: A detector assembly is configured for characterizing electromagnetic energy that propagates along a light path. At least a component of the electromagnetic energy carries electromagnetic energy information along the light path. The detector assembly includes a first detector array arranged along the light path and having photosensitive elements aligned to receive at least some of the electromagnetic energy, including the component. The photosensitive elements selectively absorb a first portion of the component and produce a first set of electrical image data, based at least in part on the electomagnetic energy information, in response to the component. At least some of the photosensitive elements are at least partially transparent so that they selectively pass a second portion of the component to continue along the light path.

Abstract: A detector element array for an optical position measuring instrument, by way of such array a fringe pattern resulting in a detector plane can be converted into electrical scanning signals. The detector element array includes a plurality of light-sensitive detector elements disposed in matrix-like fashion in rows and columns. The plurality of light-sensitive detector elements include a first detector element in a first column of the columns, a second detector element in the first column that is adjacent to the first detector element and a third detector element in a second column of the columns that is adjacent to the first column, wherein the third detector element is diagonally adjacent to the first detector element. The detector element array includes a first switch that selectively directly connects the first detector element with the second detector element and a second switch that selectively directly connects the first detector element with the third detector element.

Abstract: A method for calibration and/or compensation in transference of digital and/or analogue motion pictures to a photosensitive material comprises exposing a section of a photosensitive material by modulating light from a light source and imaging the modulated light onto the photosensitive material, develop the section of the photosensitive material, measure the characteristics of the developed film while illuminated by the said light source, and adjusting the light source and/or light modulation according to the measurement. By using the same light source for exposing and measuring the film, good reproducibility can be achieved, as well as a reliable basis for the adjustments.

Abstract: The use of rare-earth (REO, N, P) based materials to covert long wavelength photons to shorter wavelength photons that can be absorbed in a photovoltaic device (up-conversion) and (REO, N, P) materials which can absorb a short wavelength photon and re-emit one (downshifting) or more longer wavelength photons is disclosed. The wide spectral range of sunlight overlaps with a multitude of energy transitions in rare-earth materials, thus offering multiple up-conversion pathways. The refractive index contrast of rare-earth materials with silicon enables a DBR with >90% peak reflectivity and a stop band greater than 150 nm.

Abstract: A directional input device with a light directing shaft that avoids wear and tear caused by physical contact between a shaft and a sensor surface. A directional input device according to the present teachings includes a light emitter and a shaft having a surface that reflects light from the light emitter. A directional input device according to the present teachings further includes a set of light sensing elements that are positioned to detect a position of the shaft by sensing light reflected from the shaft.

Abstract: An in-vehicle image module for imaging a light image of an outside of an automotive vehicle includes: an imager having multiple image elements, which are disposed to be a square lattice pattern; an optical system for focusing the light image on the imager. The imager includes an upper imager and a lower imager in a direction of gravitational force. The imager has a convex shape. The upper imager is disposed on an upper side of the convex shape of the imager in the direction of gravitational force. The lower imager is disposed on a lower side of the convex shape of the imager in the direction of gravitational force. The upper imager has a number of the image elements per unit area, which is larger than a number of the image elements per unit area in the lower imager.

Abstract: The invention relates to the detection of the position of a projection of an electromagnetic beam on a surface such as a laser pointer projection on a display screen. It is suggested to measure intensities of the electromagnetic radiation from the beam projection at three or more different positions at the borders of the surface and to process the measured intensities for determining the centre position of the electromagnetic beam projection on the surface. The intensities may be measured applying only a few low cost receivers.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer, in which an emission spectrum of the light source is measured. Based on the measured emission spectrum, a threshold is set to allow only an outstanding spectral intensity in a specific wavelength region to be greater than the threshold. Then, a ratio between the setup threshold and a peak spectral intensity in the specific wavelength region greater than the threshold is calculated. Then, an electric-charge accumulation time for a light-receiving element corresponding to a wavelength region equal to or less than the threshold is set at an upper limit of electric-charge accumulation time causing no saturation in any light-receiving element. Based on the ratio between the threshold and the peak spectral intensity in the specific wavelength region greater than the threshold, an electric-charge accumulation time for the light-receiving element corresponding to the specific wavelength region greater than the threshold is set.

Abstract: In a six-axis force sensor, each optical displacement sensor comprises an optical module to emit a light and a reflecting member to reflect the light back to the optical module, such that the optical axis of the light from the optical module is aligned to the axial direction of the six-axis force sensor, rather than to the radial direction. Consequently, the six-axis force sensor can be downsized in the radial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a camera system and to a display device for displaying images recorded by the camera system. The camera system comprises a camera (1) provided with an optics system (2) and a photosensitive image surface (3) disposed near the optics symmetrically relative to its optic axis, the image refracted by the optics being projected onto said image surface. The photosensitive image surface is a concave spherical surface whose center of curvature is at the focal point of the optics.