Abstract: The invention generally relates to apparatuses for focusing ions at or above ambient pressure and methods of use thereof. In certain embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus for focusing ions that includes an electrode having a cavity, at least one inlet within the electrode configured to operatively couple with an ionization source, such that discharge generated by the ionization source is injected into the cavity of the electrode, and an outlet. The cavity in the electrode is shaped such that upon application of voltage to the electrode, ions within the cavity are focused and directed to the outlet, which is positioned such that a proximal end of the outlet receives the focused ions and a distal end of the outlet is open to ambient pressure.

Abstract: In the mass spectrometer system, a tip portion of a cylindrical portion (891) of a capillary (89) is coated with a coating material (892), the tip portion being an injection part for injecting a sample solution to an ionization section. Therefore, it is possible to suppress, by the coating material (892), the deformation of the capillary (89) when the sample solution is injected. In addition, it is possible to suppress the corrosion and the deformation of the capillary (89) by the coating material (892). As a result, the stability of the analysis operation in mass spectrometer system (1) can be improved.

Abstract: Mass spectrometry systems or assemblies therefore include an ionizer that includes at least one planar conductor, a mass analyzer with a planar electrode assembly, and a detector comprising at least one planar conductor. The ionizer, the mass analyzer and the detector are attached together in a compact stack assembly. The stack assembly has a perimeter that bounds an area that is between about 0.01 mm2 to about 25 cm2 and the stack assembly has a thickness that is between about 0.1 mm to about 25 mm.

Abstract: A package-level, integrated high-vacuum ion-chip enclosure having improved thermal characteristics is disclosed. Enclosures in accordance with the present invention include first and second chambers that are located on opposite sides of a chip carrier, where the chambers are fluidically coupled via a conduit through the chip carrier. The ion trap is located in the first chamber and disposed on the chip carrier. A source for generating an atomic flux is located in the second chamber. The separation of the source and ion trap in different chambers affords thermal isolation between them, while the conduit between the chambers enables the ion trap to receive the atomic flux.

Abstract: In a simultaneous multicomponent analysis for a number of target compounds, an MRM transition which does not give the highest signal intensity but gives a lower signal intensity is selected for a compound having a high measurement sensitivity or a compound having a high measurement target concentration. If the signal intensity is still high, the level of collision energy (CE) is changed from an optimum level. The MRM transition, CE level and other measurement conditions determined for each compound in this manner are stored in a compound-related information storage 41. In the process of preparing a control sequence for the simultaneous multicomponent analysis, the measurement conditions stored in the storage section 41 are used. The use of those conditions prevents the saturation of the signal for a high-concentration compound while ensuring a sufficiently high level of sensitivity for a low-concentration compound.

Abstract: An ion source adapter configured to enable a mass spectrometer, used with a voltage applied to a nebulizer side of an ion source configured to generate an ion, to be used with the nebulizer side grounded, the ion source adapter comprising a tube inserted between an ion introduction port of a capillary of the mass spectrometer and the nebulizer, the tube being formed of an insulator and allowing ions to pass through an interior thereof; a fixing tool configured to align and fix a mass spectrometer side of the tube and the ion introduction port of the capillary; and an electrode configured to apply a voltage to a nebulizer side of the tube, wherein outer peripheries of the nebulizer side and/or the mass spectrometer side of the tube are coated with a conductor, and are used for electric conduction.

Abstract: A pneumatic method, and associated apparatus, for injecting a discrete sample plug into the separation channel of an electrophoresis microchip (100) is disclosed. In a first step, pressurized gas (90) is applied to the sample (30) and background electrolyte (20) reservoirs such that the pressure is higher there than at the sample waste reservoir (35) to create a focused sample stream at the junction between the sample and separation channels. In a second step, the pressure at the sample reservoir (30) is reduced in order to pneumatically inject the sample plug into the separation channel. The waste reservoir (35) may be connected to a pressure reducing device (91). The methods, systems and devices are particularly suitable for use with a mass spectrometer (200i).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring air samples for the presence of the explosive TATP are disclosed. A preferred approach employs proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry PTR-MS). The system may be operated continuously on a real time or near real time basis. A delivery tube of specific dimensions and materials is employed to introduce the sample into the ionization chamber which in turn generates the ions which are delivered to the mass spectrometer for determining the m/z values. The system may employ a plurality of ionization chambers to reduce the amount of false negative identifiers. A multiple inlet ion funnel may be employed to combine the ions from each of the ionization chambers. Chemical ionization may be employed. A validation module may be employed to reduce the amount of false positive identifiers.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer for performing a selected ion monitoring (SIM) measurement and/or multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) measurement on each of one or a plurality of target components contained in a sample under one or a plurality of measurement conditions is provided. The mass spectrometer includes: a storage section 41 in which SIM measurement conditions and/or MRM measurement conditions are previously stored for a plurality of components; a measurement condition selection receiver 43 for performing the following operations when a command to create a method file in which measurement conditions are described is issued by a user: reading the selected ion monitoring measurement conditions and/or multiple reaction monitoring measurement conditions of the plurality of components, displaying the measurement conditions on a screen, and receiving a selection by the user; and a method file creator 48 for creating a method file in which a measurement condition selected by the user is described.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to sample analysis systems and methods of use thereof. In certain aspects, the invention provides a system for analyzing a sample that includes an ion generator configured to generate ions from a sample. The system additionally includes an ion separator configured to separate at or above atmospheric pressure the ions received from the ion generator without use of laminar flowing gas, and a detector that receives and detects the separated ions.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising a glow discharge device within the initial vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer. The glow discharge device may comprise a tubular electrode located within an isolation valve, which is provided in the vacuum chamber. Reagent vapour may be provided through the tubular electrode, which is then subsequently ionised by the glow discharge. The resulting reagent ions may be used for Electron Transfer Dissociation of analyte ions generated by an atmospheric pressure ion source. Other embodiments are contemplated wherein the ions generated by the glow discharge device may be used to reduce the charge state of analyte ions by Proton Transfer Reaction or may act as lock mass or reference ions.

Abstract: An ionic liquid ion source can include a microfabricated body including a base and a tip. The body can be formed of a porous material compatible with at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt. The body can have a pore size gradient that decreases from the base of the body to the tip of the body, such that the at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt is capable of being transported through capillarity from the base to the tip.

Abstract: An aperture member including an opening having a predetermined shape and an image forming optical system having a short focal length are disposed at predetermined positions between a laser emitter and a sample, and a substantially square laser beam irradiation region is formed by reducing and forming an image of the opening shape on the sample. The aperture member and the image forming optical system are movable in an optical axis direction, and a size of substantially square laser beam irradiation region on the sample is variable. The size of the laser beam irradiation region is adjusted to a size of a unit attention region in an analysis target region on the sample, and a step width of scanning for moving the laser beam irradiation position is also adjusted to the size of the unit attention region.

Abstract: An apparatus for mass spectrometry and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed comprising a first device arranged and adapted to generate aerosol, smoke or vapor from a target and one or more second devices arranged and adapted to aspirate aerosol, smoke, vapor and/or liquid to or towards an analyzer. A liquid trap or separator is provided to capture and/or discard liquid aspirated by the one or more second devices.

Abstract: An ionization method for use with mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry is a small molecule compound(s) as a matrix into which is incorporated analyte. The matrix has attributes of sublimation or evaporation when placed in vacuum at or near room temperature and produces both positive and negative charges. Placing the sample into a region of sub-atmospheric pressure, the region being in fluid communication with the vacuum of the mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer, produces gas-phase ions of the analyte for mass-to-charge or drift-time analysis without use of a laser, high voltage, particle bombardment, or a heated ion transfer region. This matrix and vacuum assisted ionization process can operate from atmosphere or vacuum and produces ions from large (e.g. proteins) and small molecules (e.g. drugs) with charge states similar to those observed in electrospray ionization.

Abstract: A method of operating a quadrupole mass filter is disclosed. A first set of RF and resolving DC voltages are applied to electrodes of a quadrupole mass filter to selectively transmit first ions having a first mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). A second set of RF and resolving DC voltages are applied to electrodes of the quadrupole mass filter to selectively transmit second ions having a second m/z. Detection of the second ions is initiated after completion of a settling time. The settling time is determined in accordance with the relationship: Eq. 1, where ts is the settling time, (m/z)1 is the first mass-to-charge ratio, (m/z)2 is the second mass-to-charge ratio and A, B and C are empirically derived coefficients.

Abstract: An ion detector includes a first stage dynode configured to receive an ion beam and generate electrons, a photon source arranged to provide photons to the first stage dynode, the photons of sufficient energy to cause the first stage dynode to emit photoelectrons, an electron multiplier configured to receive the electrons or the photoelectrons from the first stage dynode and generate an output proportional to the number of electrons or photoelectrons, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive the output generated in response to the photoelectrons; calculate a gain curve of the detector based on the output; and set a voltage of the electron multiplier or the first stage dynode to achieve a target gain for the ion beam.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device for collecting semi-volatile or non-volatile substance, including an air nozzle, a front cavity and a collecting body. The air nozzle is configured to eject air to a sample attachment surface. The front cavity has an upper port. The collecting body is sealingly connected to a lower end of the front cavity, inside of which is provided with a cylindrical cavity and a conical cavity arranged vertically coaxially, and bottom of which is provided with a sample outlet. The collecting body is provided with an air intake passage which is non-coplanar with respect to an axis of the cylindrical cavity and is disposed obliquely downward and inward. The collecting body is further provided with an air exhaust passage one end of which is a discharge port connected to the interior of the cylindrical cavity, the other end is connected to an air pump.

Abstract: A method for parallel accumulation and serial fragmentation of ions, wherein ions are injected into a device capable of serial ejection using a pseudopotential barrier created by an RF voltage. In all instances, the ions may be filtered prior to accumulation in the device capable of serial ejection. In some cases this filtering may take the form of discrete isolation windows using isolation waveforms with multiple notches. In some cases these waveforms may be applied to a quadrupole mass filter. Following accumulation of the precursor ions, the initial population may be serially ejected using a pseudopotential barrier created by an RF voltage. Following serial ejection, the individual precursor ion populations are analyzed. In some cases, this analysis might involve additional rounds of ion isolation and manipulation (e.g., MSn, CID, ETD, etc.).

Abstract: A surface ionizer for a trace detection system includes an extreme ultraviolet light source and an ion transfer line. Activation of the extreme ultraviolet light disrupts a surface of a sample along with residue and ionizes the resulting vapor. The ionized vapor is collected in the ion transfer line and passed into an analysis device for detection of components in the vapor.

Abstract: An ionizer includes a probe having multiple coaxially aligned conduits. The conduits may carry liquids, and nebulizing and heating gases at various flow rates and temperatures, for generation of ions from a liquid source. An outermost conduit defines an entrainment region that transports and entrains ions in a gas for a defined distance along the length of the conduits. In embodiments, various voltages may be applied to the multiple conduits to aid in ionization and to guide ions. Depending on the voltages applied to the multiple conduits and electrodes, the ionizer can act as an electrospray, APCI, or APPI source. Further, the ionizer may include a source of photons or a source of corona ionization. Formed ions may be provided to a downstream mass analyser.

Abstract: A mass spectrometry method comprising steps of generating an ion beam from an ion source; directing the ion beam into a collision cell; introducing into the collision cell through a gas inlet on the collision cell a charge-neutral analyte gas or reaction gas; ionizing the analyte gas or reaction gas in the collision cell by means of collisions between the analyte gas or reaction gas and the ion beam; transmitting ions from the ionized analyte gas or reaction gas from the collision cell into a mass analyzer; and mass analyzing the transmitted ions of the ionized analyte or reaction gas. The methods can be applied in isotope ratio mass spectrometry to determine the isotope abundance or isotope ratio of a reaction gas used in mass shift reactions between the gas and sample ions, to determine a corrected isotope abundance or ratio of the sample ions.

Abstract: Methods are provided for determining the amount of an IGF-I and/or IGF-II protein in a sample using high resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometry. The methods generally comprise enriching an IGF-I and/or IGF-II protein in a sample, ionizing an IGF-I and/or IGF-II protein from the sample to generate IGF-I and/or IGF-II protein ions, and determining the amount of IGF-I and/or IGF-II protein ions with high resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Method and devices are provided for assessing tissue samples from a plurality of tissue sites in a subject using molecular analysis. In certain aspects, devices of the embodiments allow for the collection of liquid tissue samples and delivery of the samples for mass spectrometry analysis.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the invention, a cargo container can be monitored at appropriate time intervals to determine that no controlled substances have been shipped with the cargo in the container. The monitoring utilizes reactive species produced from an atmospheric analyzer to ionize analyte molecules present in the container which are then analyzed by an appropriate spectroscopy system. In an embodiment of the invention, a sorbent surface can be used to absorb, adsorb or condense analyte molecules within the container whereafter the sorbent surface can be interrogated with the reactive species to generate analyte species characteristic of the contents of the container.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the invention, a sorbent coated mesh or grid introduced into contact with a sample can be monitored at appropriate temperatures, positions and time intervals to determine species present in the sample. The monitoring utilizes reactive species produced from an atmospheric analyzer to ionize analyte molecules present on the sorbent coated mesh or grid which are then analyzed by an appropriate spectroscopy system. In an embodiment of the invention, a sorbent surface can be used to absorb, adsorb or condense analyte molecules from the sample whereafter the sorbent surface can be interrogated with the reactive species to generate analyte species characteristic of the sample.

Abstract: Apparatus comprising an inlet region for receiving a gas mixture; an ionizer for supplying hydronium ions to the received gas mixture to generate ions, wherein the ionizer comprises a membrane for receiving the gas mixture, and wherein the membrane, preferably made of graphene oxide, is capable of generating hydronium ions from water; and an ion detector for detecting ions generated from the gas mixture.

Abstract: Certain configurations described herein are directed to mass spectrometer systems that can use a gas mixture to select and/or detect ions. In some instances, the gas mixture can be used in both a collision mode and in a reaction mode to provide improved detection limits using the same gas mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for detecting charged particles (e.g., ions). The device includes components arranged to neutralize or strip the charges of ions generated from a sample material, in which the charge stripping events produce signals that can be detected subsequently by a detector. A method for detecting charged particles generated from a sample material using the device is also provided.

Abstract: Acceleration of decelerated ions and a reduction in the velocity dispersion width of decelerated ions are both achieved, whereby the sensitivity of detected ion sensitivity is improved and resolution is improved. The distance dx between at least one set of facing rod-shaped electrodes among rod-shaped electrodes (4-2-a) to (4-2-d) differs at the inlet part at which ions enter and the outlet part at which ions exit, and the distance dx between the at least one set of facing rod-shaped electrodes is gradually reduced or increased from the inlet part toward the outlet part.

Abstract: A high dew point humidity sensor includes an enclosure assembly, an ambient temperature sensor, air sample intake and exhaust openings, a fluid-moving device, a heater block assembly, an internal temperature sensor, a humidity sensor chip, and a controller. The controller is configured to: (i) collect a measured ambient temperature from the ambient temperature sensor; (ii) collect a measured humidity of sample air from the humidity sensor chip; (iii) collect a measured temperature from the internal temperature sensor; and (iv) control operation of the heater block assembly based, at least in part, on the measured ambient temperature and the measured temperature from the internal temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method and system for injecting an unconcentrated sample into a receiving LC/MS/MS system that is configured to determine a concentration of GenX within the unconcentrated sample, wherein the LC/MS/MS includes ESI. The unconcentrated sample is subjected to the following ESI conditions: i) a probe gas temperature of approximately 120° C. to approximately 160° C.; ii) a sheath gas heater setting of approximately 150° C. to approximately 275° C.; and iii) a sheath gas flow of approximately 6 L/min to approximately 11 L/min. The concentration of GenX is determined within the unconcentrated sample, wherein the concentration of GenX within the unconcentrated sample has a minimum reporting level of approximately 0.010 ?g/L.

Abstract: A time-of-flight mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising: an ion deflector (305) configured to deflect ions to different positions in a first array of positions at different times; a position sensitive ion detector (187); and ion optics (180) arranged and configured to guide ions from the first array of positions to the position sensitive detector (187) so as to map ions from the first array of positions to a second array of positions on the position sensitive detector (187); wherein the ion optics includes at least one ion mirror for reflecting the ions.

Abstract: An electron beam irradiation apparatus which exposes a wafer coated with an electron beam resist with an electron beam is equipped with: a stage that can be moved holding the wafer; an electron beam optical system that irradiates the wafer with an electron beam; and, an opening member, placed facing the wafer via a predetermined gap on the wafer side in the optical arrangement direction of the electron beam optical system, and having an opening through which the electron beam from the electron beam optical system passes.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for multiplexed sample analysis by mass spectrometry. The methods may be performed without the need for chemical tagging. The methods also may include the analogous use of frequency modulation to multiplex mass spectrometric analysis, which may be referred to as frequency-modulated continuous flow analysis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (FM-CFA-ESI-MS).

Abstract: A sample analysis system includes a Fluorescence Spectrophotometer, a liquid chromatography device, a mass spectrometer, a control device, and a sample introducer. The Fluorescence Spectrophotometer obtains a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum including an excitation wavelength, a fluorescence wavelength, and a fluorescence intensity. The liquid chromatography device obtains a three-dimensional absorption spectrum including an elution time, an absorption wavelength, and an absorbance. The mass spectrometer obtains a three-dimensional mass spectrum including an elution time, mass information, and an ion intensity. The axes of respective spectra are set on the same scale, and the mass-charge ratio in the three-dimensional mass spectrum data obtained by the mass spectrometer is determined.

Abstract: A multipole assembly configured to be disposed in a mass spectrometer includes a plurality of elongate electrodes arranged about an axis extending along a longitudinal trajectory of the plurality of elongate electrodes and configured to confine ions radially about the axis, and a piezoelectric actuator configured to adjust a position of a first electrode included in the plurality of elongate electrodes.

Abstract: A detection apparatus and a detection method are disclosed. In one aspect, the detection apparatus includes a sampling device for collecting samples to be checked. It further includes a sample pre-processing device configured to pre-process the sample from the sampling device. It further includes a sample analyzing device for separating samples from the pre-processing device and for analyzing the separated samples. The detection apparatus is miniaturized and highly precise, and is capable of quickly and accurately detecting gaseous phase or particulate substances, and it has applications for safety inspections at airports, ports, and subway stations.

Abstract: The existence ratio of optical isomers (D-form, L-form) is easily measured. Counterclockwise or clockwise circularly polarized light is applied from a light application unit 6 to ions which are derived from a target compound and are drifting in a drift region 3. The ions absorb light, and a collision cross-section of the ions thus changes, whereby the mobility also changes. Each of the D-form and the L-form has a light absorption rate which is different between counterclockwise circularly polarized light and clockwise circularly polarized light. Therefore, each light absorption rate is examined in advance, and an existence ratio of the D-form and the L-form is calculated, based on the two intensity ratios each of which is the ratio of a peak of the ions having absorbed no light and a peak of the ions having absorbed light, which peaks appear on a drift time spectrum, and based on the light absorption rates of the D-form and the L-form.

Abstract: A multipole assembly configured to be disposed in a mass spectrometer includes a plurality of elongate electrodes arranged about an axis extending along a longitudinal trajectory of the plurality of elongate electrodes and configured to confine ions radially about the axis, and a piezoelectric actuator configured to adjust a position of a first electrode included in the plurality of elongate electrodes.

Abstract: Ion modification An ion mobility spectrometer (100) comprising a sample inlet (108) comprising an aperture arranged to allow a sample of gaseous fluid to flow from an ambient pressure region to a low pressure region of the ion mobility spectrometer to be ionised; a controller (200) arranged to control gas pressure in the low pressure region to be lower than ambient pressure; and an ion modifier (126, 127, 202) configured to modify ions in the low pressure region, wherein the ions are obtained from the sample of gas.

Abstract: An ion-trap system having a trapping location that is controllable with nanometer-scale precision in three dimensions is disclosed. The ion-trap system includes an ion trap that includes a pair of RF driver electrodes, a pair of tuning electrodes operably coupled with the RF driver electrodes to collectively generate an RF field having an RF null that defines the trapping location, as well as a plurality of DC electrodes that are operably coupled with the RF driver electrodes and the tuning electrodes. Each tuning electrode is driven with an RF signal whose amplitude and phase is independently controllable. By controlling the amplitudes of the RF signals applied to the tuning electrodes, the height of the trapping location above the mirror is controlled. The position of the tuning location along two orthogonal lateral directions is controlled by controlling a plurality of DC voltages applied to the plurality of DC electrode pads.

Abstract: An apparatus for mass spectrometry and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed comprising a first device arranged and adapted to generate aerosol, smoke or vapor from a target and one or more second devices arranged and adapted to aspirate aerosol, smoke, vapor and/or liquid to or towards an analyzer. A liquid trap or separator is provided to capture and/or discard liquid aspirated by the one or more second devices.

Abstract: A method of mass spectrometry comprises ionising a sample eluting from a separation device in order to generate a plurality of parent ions. Multiple cycles of operation are performed as the sample elutes from the separation device. Each cycle of operation comprises mass analysing the parent ions to obtain parent ion mass spectral data, and mass analysing fragment or product ions derived from the parent ion to obtain fragment or product ion mass spectral data. Each cycle of operation also comprises mass analysing fragment or product ions derived from parent ions having mass to charge ratios within a first range to obtain first fragment or product ion mass spectral data, and mass analysing fragment or product ions derived from parent ions having mass to charge ratios within a second different range to obtain second fragment or product ion mass spectral data. The method can provide a hybrid data independent acquisition (DIA) and data dependent acquisition (DDA) approach.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for electron ionization liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (EI-LC-MS) analysis liquid chromatograph output solvent flow is directed together with spray formation gas into a spray formation and vaporization chamber for forming spray droplets which are vaporized to form vaporized sample compounds at a pressure equal to or greater than ambient pressure. A minor portion is conveyed into a heated flow restriction capillary that directly connects the spray formation and vaporization chamber and a non-fly-through electron ionization ion source of a mass spectrometer located inside a vacuum chamber. A major portion is released to atmosphere so that it does not enter the flow restriction capillary and therefore does not reach the non-fly-through electron ionization ion source.

Abstract: An ICP analyzer 100 includes a self-oscillation radio-frequency power supply unit 120 for supplying radio-frequency power for generating plasma to an induction coil 111 wound around a plasma torch 110. To check the type of plasma torch 110, the analyzer 100 further includes: a frequency measurement section 121 for measuring an output frequency of the power supply unit 120; a storage unit 190 holding a reference output frequency for each type of plasma torch; and a torch checker 132 for determining whether or not the output frequency measured by the frequency measurement section 121 after the plasma is lit agrees with any one of the reference output frequencies, and for giving notification of the determination result.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer using near infrared (NIR) fluorescence can comprise: a plate formed such that a sample, which includes a matrix for ionization and a fluorescent material having an excitation wavelength of an NIR wavelength band, is loaded thereon; a fluorescence detection unit formed so as to acquire a fluorescence image by using the fluorescent material from the sample on the plate; a light emission unit formed so as to emit a laser beam for ionization at the sample on the plate; and an ion detection unit formed so as to detect, by using the laser beam, ions generated from the sample. By using the NIR fluorescence, fluorescence interference due to a matrix used for MALDI imaging can be excluded even after coating the matrix, and since fluorescence interference due to auto-fluorescence inside tissue is low, fluorescence can be measured even for a thick sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of separating and collecting ions of a predetermined ion mobility from a gaseous mixture of ions of different ion mobilities using a differential mobility analyser apparatus, wherein the differential mobility analyser apparatus comprises an ion-separation chamber having: (a) a sample gas flow inlet; (b) a focusing chamber, an opening at one end of which serves as the sample gas flow inlet through which sample gas can flow into the ion-separation chamber; (c) a sheath gas inlet connected or connectable to a supply of sheath gas; (d) a sheath gas outlet; (e) an ion outlet through which the ions of predetermined ion mobility can be collected; and (f) two or more electrodes arranged to provide an ion-separating electric field across the ion-separation chamber; wherein the focusing chamber is oriented at an angle of from 30° to 90° relative to a direction of flow of the sheath gas along the ion-separation chamber; and wherein a focusing zone is provided in the focusing chamber,

Abstract: In an example implementation, a substance detection device includes a substrate having nanoimprinted chamber walls and nanostructures. The chamber walls define a chamber and the nanostructures are positioned within the chamber to react to a substance introduced into the chamber. A two-dimensional (2D) orifice plate is affixed to the chamber walls and forms a top side of the chamber.

Abstract: A sample introduction system for a spectrometer comprises a desolvation region that receives or generates sample ions from a solvent matrix and removes at least some of the solvent matrix from the sample ions. A separation chamber downstream of the desolvation region has a separation chamber inlet communicating with the desolvation region, for receiving the desolvated sample ions along with non-ionized solvent and solvent ion vapors. The separation chamber has electrodes for generating an electric field within the separation chamber, defining a first flow path for sample ions between the separation chamber inlet and a separation chamber outlet. Unwanted solvent ions and non-ionized solvent vapors are directed away from the separation chamber outlet. The sample introduction system has a reaction chamber with an inlet communicating with the separation chamber outlet, for receiving the sample ions from the separation chamber and for decomposing the received ions into smaller products.