Abstract: A concentrated irradiation type radiotherapy apparatus comprises a radiation source, a multi-channeled radiation detector, a rotating mechanism, an image reconstruction unit, a multi-leaf collimator disposed between the radiation source and the subject to trim the radioactive rays in arbitrary shapes and including a plurality of first leaves and a plurality of second leaves each disposed to be individually movable forwards/backwards and each having a strip shape and in which types of the first leaves are different from those of the second leaves.

Abstract: A mobile equipment endowed with a neutrons source possibly in combination with other radiation sources including a robot system that, moving on a controlled trajectory, realize the conditions to observe from different positions the radiation emerging from a specimen either mobile or fixed, properly irradiated, is described.

Abstract: A device for expanding a particle energy distribution of a therapeutic particle beam installation and method of producing the same is provided. The device for expanding a particle energy distribution of a therapeutic particle beam installation comprises an expansion element with a structured surface. The expansion element comprises a flexible material. The method for producing an expansion element of a device for expanding a particle beam distribution of a therapeutic particle installation includes forming a negative mold that is a rigid material, filling the negative mold with liquid or jelly material; processing the material into a solid state; and removing the solid state material from the negative mold.

Abstract: A target positioner including a radiation source disposed in a source housing, the radiation source adapted to emit a radiation beam, a target holder adapted to be attached to and generally immobilize a target organ, the target holder being rotatingly attached to a bearing assembly, a patient support table for supporting a patient thereon, a rotator for turning the patient support table about a rotation axis, and a source arm fixedly attached at one portion thereof to the source housing and at another portion thereof to the bearing assembly, such that when the target holder is attached to a target organ and the rotator turns the patient support table about the rotation axis, the target holder constrains the target organ from translating with respect to the radiation source and the source housing, and wherein the target holder permits the target organ to rotate by means of the bearing assembly relative to the source housing while experiencing slight translations with respect to the patient support table, so th

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of delivering solid material at a position far enough from any surrounding solid with high enough target density without scattering debris to the environment. In the present invention, radiation is generated from plasma produced by laser irradiation on a material. This material is a cluster of particles that is composed of many fine particles bound together with a binder that vaporizes at temperature lower than melting point of fine particles. Density of particles in a particle-cluster 8 is increased by vaporizing a solvent 7 by heating a droplet 5 with the irradiation of laser 6. Solvent of a droplet occupies large fraction of the droplet in order to stabilize droplet generation. This solvent is vaporized prior to delivery to a vacuum chamber 9 for plasma generation. This vaporization helps to avoid degradation of vacuum of the chamber 9. The diameter of a particle-cluster thus condensed is several tens ?m.

Abstract: The invention is intended to increase the number of patients treatable using one wheel having a thickness varied in the rotating direction to change energy of an ion beam passing the wheel. Ion beam delivery equipment for irradiating an ion beam to a patient for treatment comprises a beam generator for producing and accelerating the ion beam, an beam delivery nozzle including a range modulation wheel which has a predetermined thickness distribution in the rotating direction and is rotated on a travel passage of the ion beam generated from the beam generator to control a range of the ion beam, and an irradiation controller for controlling the beam producing and accelerating operation of the beam generator in accordance with the phase of rotation of the range modulation wheel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to masks for use in mass spectrometry, in particular MALDI, tissue section analysis, comprising a plate made of or coated by an opaque material and having a thickness of less than 150 ?m, said plate comprising regularly spaced openings, wherein in the plate upper plane, the diameter D of the largest circle comprising only one opening is superior to the diameter d of a mass spectrometer, in particular a MALDI analyzer, laser beam divided by sin ?, wherein ? is the mass spectrometer, in particular a MALDI analyzer, laser beam incidence angle with respect to the sample plane. The invention also concerns processes of manufacture of the masks according to the invention, the use thereof for mass spectrometry, in particular MALDI, imaging of tissue sections, and a method for MALDI imaging of a tissue section using said masks.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus for preparing a relief printing form from a photosensitive element. More specifically, this invention describes a method and an apparatus for preparing a relief form in an environment having controlled oxygen concentration during exposure to actinic radiation. The method includes forming an in-situ mask on a photosensitive element, exposing the element to actinic radiation through the in-situ mask in an environment having an inert gas and a concentration of oxygen between 190,000 and 100 ppm, and treating the exposed element to form the relief printing form having a pattern of raised surface areas.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus which performs a predetermined processing by irradiating a laser beam (2) emitted from a laser oscillator onto a surface of a workpiece (1) through a condenser lens (3). There are provided microdeformation lenses (4), (5) for changing the beam shape in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in a laser beam (2), for example, and a lens deformation control device for controlling the amount of deformation of the microdeformation lenses (4), (5) which are to adjust the beam shape of the laser beam (2) to a predetermined shape. The microdeformation lenses (4), (5) have a structure such that they can be caused to change to a desired shape by means of a plurality of actuators (4b), (5b) disposed around the outer periphery of the lenses.

Abstract: A radiotherapy apparatus controller includes: a movement collection section; a sensor control section configured to change a first time interval in which a second sensor measures a position of an irradiation area in the subject, based on the movement information; and an irradiation control section. The movement collection section collects movement information indicating a movement of a subject from a first sensor. The sensor control section changes a first time interval in which a second sensor measures a position of an irradiation area in the subject, based on the movement information. The irradiation control section controls a radiotherapy apparatus such that therapeutic radiation irradiated to the irradiation area is changed based on the position.

Abstract: An ion radiation therapy machine provides a steerable beam for treating a tumor within the patient where the exposure spot of the beam is controlled in width and/or length to effect a flexible trade-off between treatment speed, accuracy, and uniformity.

Abstract: An ion implantation apparatus with multiple operating modes is disclosed. The ion implantation apparatus has an ion source and an ion extraction means for extracting a ribbon-shaped ion beam therefrom. The ion implantation apparatus includes a magnetic analyzer for selecting ions with specific mass-to-charge ratio to pass through a mass slit to project onto a substrate. Multipole lenses are provided to control beam uniformity and collimation. A two-path beamline in which a second path incorporates a deceleration or acceleration system incorporating energy filtering is disclosed. Finally, methods of ion implantation are disclosed in which the mode of implantation may be switched from one-dimensional scanning of the target to two-dimensional scanning.

Abstract: A structure of an electron beam apparatus having shielding properties for shielding against an environmental magnetic field is provided. The electron beam apparatus comprises a mirror barrel for housing a magnetic lens for converging an electron beam onto a specimen and a specimen chamber for housing the specimen, wherein a non-magnetic material having conductivity is used as a material for at least one of the mirror barrel and a main body of the specimen chamber. The material for the mirror barrel or the main body of the specimen chamber is an aluminum alloy and a thickness of a sidewall of the mirror barrel or the main body of the specimen chamber is 10 mm or more. A magnetic plate having a thickness smaller than that of the sidewall of the mirror barrel or the main body of the specimen chamber is provided on an inner sidewall of the mirror barrel or the main body of the specimen chamber.

Abstract: This device has a liner disposed on a face in a vacuum chamber. A component in the vacuum chamber defines the face. The liner is configured to protect the workpiece from contamination or to prevent blistering of the face caused by implantation of atoms or ions into the face. The liner may be disposable and removed from the face in the vacuum chamber and replaced with a new liner in some embodiments. This liner may be a polymer with a roughened surface, be carbon-based, or be composed of carbon nanotubes in some embodiments.

Abstract: A particle beam irradiation apparatus includes a synchrotron, two scanning electromagnets, a beam delivery apparatus for outputting an ion beam extracted from the synchrotron, and an accelerator and transport system controller, and a scanning controller. These controllers stop the output of the ion beam from the beam delivery apparatus; in a state where the output of the ion beam is stopped, change the irradiation position of the ion beam by controlling the scanning electromagnets; and after this change, control the scanning electromagnets to start the output of the ion beam from the beam delivery apparatus and to perform irradiations of the ion beam to at least one irradiation position a plurality of times based on treatment planning information.

Abstract: A process for an intensity-modulated proton therapy of a predetermined volume within an object includes discretising the predetermined volume into a number of iso-energy layers each corresponding to a determined energy of the proton beam. A final target dose distribution is determined for each iso-energy layer. The final target dose distribution or at least a predetermined part of this final target dose distribution is applied by parallel beam scanning by controlling the respective beam sweepers, thereby scanning one iso-energy layer after the other using an intensity-modulated proton beam while scanning a predetermined iso-energy layer.

Abstract: A window for a radiation detection system includes a frame with an aperture therein configured to receive radiation therethrough. A plurality of silicon ribs span the aperture and are carried by the frame. A coating substantially envelopes each of the plurality of silicon ribs. A thin film covers the aperture and is carried by the plurality of silicon ribs and is configured to pass radiation therethrough.

Abstract: Device for shaping laser radiation which has sub-beams (3) spaced apart in a first direction (X) perpendicular to the propagation direction (Z) of the laser radiation, in particular for shaping laser radiation which is output by a laser diode bar (1), comprising a first refractive interface (8) which can differently deviate at least a multiplicity of the sub-beams (3) of the laser radiation to be shaped, so that they travel at least partially converging together after passing through the first interface (8) more than before passing through the first interface (8), and furthermore comprising a second refractive interface (9) through which the laser radiation can pass after having passed through the first interface (8), the second interface (9) being able to deviate at least some of the sub-beams (3) so that their convergence is reduced.

Abstract: Treatment planning methods are provided that determine the variability of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) along a beam line and calculate, among other things, what intensity of hadron beam such as a proton or a carbon ion beam should be applied to achieve a desired biological dose at treatment site of a patient afflicted with a medical condition. Typically, three or four RBE values at three or four corresponding spacially-dispersed intervals along the beam line are calculated. In one embodiment, two RBE values for the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) region of the treatment site; one for the proximal section and one for the declining distal section is calculated. A third and different RBE value may be determined for the distal edge region of the SOBP. A fourth value may also be calculated for a pre-SOBP region.

Abstract: A charged particle generator includes a charged particle source provided inside an insulating member which comprises a first box-shaped insulating member having an opening at its top; a second box-shaped insulating member housed inside the first box-shaped insulating member and having an opening at its top, and side walls and a bottom portion which are respectively spaced from side walls and a bottom portion of the first box-shaped insulating member; and an inverted box-shaped insulating member having an opening at its bottom and side walls which are inserted into the space between the side walls of the first and second box-shaped insulating members.

Abstract: Potentials at a plurality of points on a diameter of a semiconductor wafer 13 are measured actually. Then, a potential distribution on the diameter is obtained by spline interpolation of potentials between the actually-measured points adjacent in the diameter direction. Thereafter, a two-dimensional interpolation function regarding a potential distribution in the semiconductor wafer 13 is obtained by spline interpolation of potentials between points adjacent in the circumferential direction around the center of the semiconductor wafer 13. Then, a potential at a observation point on the semiconductor wafer 13 is obtained by substituting the coordinate value of this observation point into the two-dimensional interpolation function. As a result, a potential distribution due to electrification of the wafer can be estimated accurately, and the retarding potential can be set to a suitable value.

Abstract: An optical beam pointing system for setting an irradiation position and which is capable of automatically performing positional adjustments of visible light beams with respect to an aiming center. The system uses opposed pointers disposed on opposite sides of an irradiation center, each pointer including a light-projecting portion for projecting a beam aimed at the irradiation center, a light-receiving portion for generating a detection signal, and a control portion.

Abstract: An information recording medium (100) is provided with (i) a first information recording area wherein a first track for reproducing first information based on a first track pitch is formed by a laser beam, and (ii) a second information recording area wherein a second track for reproducing second information based on a second track pitch different from the first track pitch is formed by a laser beam. In the second track, a recording mark is previously recorded.

Abstract: A neutron chopper according to the present invention includes a housing which internally forms a sealed space, the housing having window portions through which neutrons pass, a fixed shaft which is fixed inside the housing, a rotor which is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft, the rotor provided with a blocking portion which can block neutrons passing through the housing, and a motor which is provided inside the housing for rotating the rotor of the neutron chopper, where a stator of the motor is fixed to the fixed shaft, and a rotor of the motor receives a rotating force from the stator around the fixed shaft, and is fixed to the rotor of the neutron chopper. The neutron chopper is formed with small size, and neutron guides are easily disposed closely, consequently vacuum leak is hardly occurred in the neutron chopper.

Abstract: A coil former (1) comprising a plurality of ceramic plates (2) arranged to form a laminate (3) between first and second ends (4, 5), each plate having an opening therein such that when the plates are arranged in the laminate, a passage (7) is defined between the first and second ends.

Abstract: A method of creating signage visible by infrared cameras and infrared weapon sights is provided. Particular application is made to the calibration of infrared weapon sights. An improved calibration target and method is developed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (10) for hardening an UV varnish and thermohardening varnish or the similar for coating an object, in particular a motor car body (12) comprising at least one emitter (48, 48?) generating electromagnetic radiation. The inventive device is provided with a conveying system (14, 16) which conveys the object (12) closely to the emitter (48, 48?) and, afterwards removes it. Said conveying system comprises an overhead travelling carriage (16) which is translatory displaceable along at least one guideway (14) suspended above at least one emitter (48, 48?). Two suspension supports (66) extending downwards and making it possible to suspend the object (12) are arranged successively in a longitudinal direction (85) on a chassis (50) of the travelling carriage (16). The length of said suspension supports is individually modifiable with the aid of a motor.

Abstract: In a particle beam irradiation method and a particle beam irradiation apparatus in which depth direction irradiation field spread and lateral direction irradiation field spread are performed, an irradiation dose in each of irradiation layers of an irradiation target is made substantially constant, and control is simplified. The depth direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which plural irradiation layers having different ranges in an irradiation direction of the particle beam are superimposed, the lateral direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which irradiation spots of the particle beam are superimposed in the lateral direction, and a bolus having a shape along a deepest part of the irradiation target in the depth direction is disposed to cross the particle beam.

Abstract: The invention concerns a neutron shielding material for maintaining sub-criticality based on unsaturated polymer: Said material comprises an unsaturated polyester resin, at least an inorganic boron compound, and at least a hydrogenated inorganic compound, in amounts such that the boron concentration is 4.1021 to 25.1021 atoms per cm3 and the hydrogen concentration is 3.1022 to 5.5.1022 atoms per cm3.

Abstract: New and useful alignment method and system for electromagnets used in the high energy accelerator that can make the installation simple and less time consuming are disclosed. By measuring the multiple of measurement reference points for obtaining the position and posture information of the electromagnet on the high energy accelerator, the deviation of the present value from the installation target value for the electromagnet within the reference coordinates in the building. For each of the adjustment mechanisms such as the multiple of adjustment bolts or the actuators, the Jacobian matrix representing the relationship between the unit operation amount and the posture changes of the electromagnet is obtained.

Abstract: A pulse oximetry sensor has an emitter adapted to transmit optical radiation into a tissue site and a ceramic detector adapted to receive optical radiation from the emitter after tissue site absorption. The detector is surrounded by shielding material to reduce undesirable electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention comprise a device comprising a cast computed-tomography collimator descended from a lithographically-derived micro-machined metallic foil stack lamination mold. Certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention comprise a method comprising filling a mold having a stacked plurality of micro-machined metallic foil layers with a first casting material to form a first cast product; demolding the first cast product from the mold; filling the first cast product with a second casting material to form a cast computed-tomography collimator; and demolding the cast computed-tomography collimator from the first cast product. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. This abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fire-resistant lead-free shield material having high shielding ability against nuclear or electromagnetic radiation, and excellent bending workability and handling performance. The shield material comprises a composite material consisting of an organic material and a metal or metal compound having a nuclear or electromagnetic radiation-shielding ability. The composite material is formed into a given shape, such as a plate shape, and wrapped with a cloth-like sheet formed of glass fibers, metal fibers or carbon fibers. Alternatively, the shield material comprises a shielding element consisting of an elastic polymeric organic compound and a particle having a nuclear or electromagnetic radiation-shielding ability, such a heavy metal or ferrite.

Abstract: A radiation treatment system with a beam control magnet for deflecting a beam of electrically charged particles along a curved particle path. The beam control magnet is subdivided along a parting plane perpendicular to the direction of the particle path into a first region and a second region. The quadrupole moments of the beam control magnet have different signs in the first region and the second region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shielding wall (12) with a puncture-resistant shield for a container (1), said wall (12) comprising support means (20) as well as the following respective stacked elements (24, 26, 28, 30, 32): an outer plate (24); a first dampening layer (26); an intermediate plate (28); a second dampening layer (30); an inner plate (32). According to the invention, the intermediate plate (28) is positioned non-rigidly with respect to the support means (20). The invention likewise relates to a container (1) comprising at least one shielding wall (12) such as the one described above. Application to the field of transporting/storing nuclear materials.

Abstract: A radiation image detector includes a radiation-image-detector main body and a vacuum container. The radiation-image-detector main body generates charges by irradiation with an electromagnetic wave for recording that carries a radiation image and records the radiation image by accumulating the charges. The vacuum container is sealed to store the radiation-image-detector main body in a vacuum.

Abstract: The present invention in one of its preferred structural embodiments comprises a plurality of generally rectangular radiation attenuating panels having rollers mounted on the bottom of each panel and rollable in a lower track mounted on a base such as the concrete floor of a building for movement of each panel along the lower track to a designated position to isolate workers in a particular area from a source of harmful radiation, wherein an upper track is mounted on a rigid structure adjacent upper portions of the panels for laterally engaging in a guiding manner upper guide elements on the upper portions wherein the upper track has substantially the same longitudinal configuration (tracking axis) as the lower track.

Abstract: Some embodiments include determination of a first misalignment between an imaging device and an axis of a radiation beam emitted from a treatment head, determination of a rotational misalignment between the imaging device and the treatment head within a plane normal to the axis of the radiation beam, acquisition of an image using the imaging device, and modification of the acquired image based on the determined first misalignment and rotational misalignment. Embodiments may further include determination of a second rotational misalignment between the imaging device and the plane normal to the axis of the radiation beam, and modification of the acquired image based on the determined first misalignment, rotational misalignment and second rotational misalignment.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for a high resolution radiation treatment system which provide for projecting a field of radiation energy at targeted patient tissue. The system uses a multi-leaf collimator, which is positioned such that a significant clearance is provided between the multi-leaf collimator and the isocenter plane where the targeted tissue is located. The leaves of the multi-leaf collimator are designed to provide for high step resolution in the projected radiation energy shape. Additionally, an embodiment of the system and method herein can provide for a high step resolution in the projected radiation energy shape, and for a dose calculation matrix which has matrix units which coincide with the high step resolution in the projected radiation shape.

Abstract: The invention is directed to improved containers for pharmaceuticals and any tubing and tubing connectors associated therewith, particularly containers for pharmaceuticals which are irradiated, heated or otherwise subjected to increased pressure. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is directed to an improved container for use in a radioisotope generator, such as a rubidium-82 generator.

Abstract: A particle therapy system is provided. The particle therapy system includes an imaging unit and a rotatable gantry with an irradiation unit. The irradiation unit projects into an irradiation room delimited by a wall. The imaging unit is arranged on a C-arm. The C-arm is operable to be moved between a retracted parking position und an extended diagnostic position for imaging purposes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved positron radioactive drug radiation shielding device, which achieves savings in space required to store a canister after dismantling the device. Furthermore, a tungsten sleeve is disposed within the canister, and functions in coordination with a syringe. The tungsten sleeve is able to block radioactive radiation released by radioactive drugs contained in the syringe. Moreover, a front cover and a rear cover joined to two sides of the canister enable a hermetically-sealed space to be formed within the canister, which increases the effectiveness of blocking the amount of radiation from the canister, thereby reducing danger to the human body from the radiation.

Abstract: A special method is provided for more uniformly and quickly curing products with a scratch-resistant UV curable coating or UV curable printing thereon, such as for CDs, DVDs, golf balls, golf tees, eye glass lenses, contact lenses, string instruments, decorative labels, peelable labels, peelable stamps, doors, countertops, etc. The method can also be operated with one or more special UV curing apparatus equipped with a controller, temperature sensors, and heat dissipators.

Abstract: A container device (11) for the long-term storage of hazardous material, particularly for the ultimate disposal of nuclear fuel, comprises at least one elongate, cylindrical first containment body (A) having walls defining a first compartment (14) for accommodating at least one hazardous-material body (F) formed by the hazardous material or containing or supporting the hazardous material. The first compartment (14) comprises support means for supporting the hazardous-material body centrally in the first compartment and spaced from the walls thereof. The container device also comprises an elongate, cylindrical second containment body (B) having walls defining a cylindrical second compartment (22). The second compartment (22) comprises support means for supporting the first containment body (A) centrally in the second containment body (B) and spaced from the walls thereof.

Abstract: Light emitting devices include a semiconductor light emitting diode that is configured to operate at a substantially droop-free quantum efficiency while producing warm white light output of at least about 100 lumens/cool white light output of at least about 130 lumens. The semiconductor light emitting diode may include a single semiconductor die of at least about 4 mm2 in area that operates at a current density of less than about 9 A/cm2, so as to operate at the substantially droop-free quantum efficiency. Related fabricating and operating methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A shutter having at least one coolant passageway, a plurality of ribs extending internally into the coolant passageway. The shutter may be a component of a shutter assembly in a UV module for curing UV-sensitive ink. These ribs may improve heat removal from a UV module in which the shutter is installed. Another advantage is that the shutter of this invention may have a lower weight with consequent advantages of lighter weight, reduced manufacturing costs, and reduced drive train wear.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate to a control device for controlling an irradiation procedure, which is designed in such a way that a target volume is irradiated by at least two irradiation procedures. In each irradiation procedure, an energy of a particle beam is varied in such a way that the target volume is irradiated layer-wise in layers that are spatially arranged one behind another. A sequence in which the layers of the target volume are irradiated in one of the irradiation procedures is varied from irradiation procedure to irradiation procedure, in terms of a direction of incidence of the particle beam.

Abstract: An apparatus for selectively producing one or more of a plurality of wavelength distributions of radiation. The apparatus comprises a primary UV radiation source and one or more wavelength transforming materials separated from the primary UV radiation source, that in response to irradiation by the primary UV radiation source, produce transformed radiation having a wavelength distribution that is different from the wavelength distribution of the primary UV radiation source. None, one, or more than one of the various WT materials can be selected by the apparatus, to allow the primary UV radiation, any individual transformed radiation, or any combination of the various radiations to be to be emitted from the apparatus.

Abstract: Electromagnetic radiation transformation for powered devices is described. In embodiment(s), a wireless phone (e.g., a cellular phone) includes one or more sources that emit electromagnetic radiation, such as an internal power supply or antenna system of the wireless phone. The wireless phone can also include a paramagnetic material in a quantity sufficient to counteract the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source. To counteract harmful effects of the electromagnetic radiation, the paramagnetic material can transform the electromagnetic radiation, such as to effectuate a frequency transformation and/or to alter an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for compensation of three-dimensional movements of a target volume (1) during ion beam irradiation. For the purpose, the apparatus comprises a position location and tracking system (4) for detecting the movements and a depth modulator (6) for modifying the depth of penetration of the ion beam. For the purpose of compensation, the movements are divided vectorially into a transverse component and a longitudinal component.