Abstract: The present invention concerns electrode materials capable of redox reactions by electron and alkali-ion exchange with an electrolyte. The applications are in the field of primary (batteries) or secondary electrochemical generators, supercapacitors and light modulating systems of the electrochromic type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula (I) Lia-bM1bV2-cM2c(PO4)x (I) with M1: Na, K, Rb and/or Cs, M2: Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, Mg and/or Sc, a: 1.5-4.5, b: 0-0.6, c: 0-1.98 and x: number to equalize the charge of Li and V and M1 and/or M2, if present, wherein a?b is >0, by providing an essentially aqueous mixture comprising at least one lithium-comprising compound, at least one vanadium-comprising compound in which vanadium has the oxidation state +5 and/or +4, and at least one M1-comprising compound, if present, and/or at least one M2-comprising compound, if present, and at least one reducing agent which is oxidized to at least one compound comprising at least one phosphorous atom in oxidation state +5, drying and calcining.

Abstract: Nanocomposites of conductive, nanoparticulate polymer and electronically active material, in particular PEDOT and LiFePO4, were found to be significantly better compared to bare and carbon coated LiFePO4 in carbon black and graphite filled non conducting binder. The conductive polymer containing composite outperformed the other two samples. The performance of PEDOT composite was especially better in the high current regime with capacity retention of 82% after 200 cycles. Further improvement can be obtained if the porosity of the nanocomposites is enhanced. Hence an electrode produced from a composite made of conductive, nanoparticulate polymer, electronically active material, and sacrificial polymer, wherein the sacrificial polymer has been removed leaving pores has improved electrolyte and ion diffusion properties allowing the production of thicker electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention concerns electrode materials capable of redox reactions by electron and alkali-ion exchange with an electrolyte. The applications are in the field of primary (batteries) or secondary electrochemical generators, supercapacitors and light modulating systems of the electrochromic type.

Abstract: A conductive element suitable for the transmission of an electrical operating signal to a detonator, which conductive element comprises a conductive filler homogeneously dispersed in a polymer matrix.

Abstract: A conductive adhesive is provided useful for providing electrically conductive joints in joins between panels, particularly conductive carbon composite panels in a WESP, is prepared from a corrosion resistant resin and particulate carbon black which is uniformly dispersed in the resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium ion capacitor having excellent capacitance characteristics and high energy density. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cathode active material for a lithium ion capacitor, which utilizes a lithium composite metal oxide having a large initial irreversible capacitance as a specific cathode additive in addition to a carbon-based material applied as a cathode active material, and a production method thereof, and a lithium ion capacitor including the same. According to the present invention, lithium can be electrochemically doped on an anode without using metal lithium, and the capacitance characteristics of a lithium ion capacitor and the safety of a lithium-doping process can be significantly improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode active material including a lithium manganese-based oxide. The lithium manganese-based oxide has a spinel structure represented by Formula 1 below and high lithium ion diffusivity since (440) planes are predominantly formed in a crystal structure thereof. Li1+xMyMn2-x-yO4-zQz??(1) In Formula 1, 0?x?0.3, 0?y?1, and 0?z?1, M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Ti, Cu, B, Ca, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sr, Sb, W, Ti, and Bi, and Q includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of N, F, S, and Cl.

Abstract: A process for producing electrode materials, which comprises treating a mixed oxide which comprises Li and at least one transition metal as cations with at least one boron compound which has at least one alkoxy group or at least one halogen atom per molecule.

Abstract: A process for preparing a formulation comprising a carbon-deposited lithium metal phosphate, as precursor of a lithium ion battery electrode coating slurry.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a lithium battery, a positive electrode prepared from the positive electrode material, and a lithium battery including the positive electrode are disclosed. The positive electrode material includes a positive active material, an aqueous binder, and tungsten trioxide. Due to the inclusion of the positive active material, the aqueous binder, and the tungsten trioxide (WO3), the positive electrode material may substantially prevent corrosion of an aluminum substrate. The positive electrode material has high electric conductivity. Lithium batteries including positive electrodes prepared from the positive electrode material have decreased resistance of the electrode plate, high rate characteristics, and good lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: A material of the general formula (I) LixNiaCobMncOz ??(I) in which the variables are each defined as follows: 0.2?a?0.5, 0.0?b?0.4, 0.4?c?0.65, 1.1?x?1.3, x+a+b+c?0.2?z?x+a+b+c+0.2 and a+b+c=1 where c/a?1.2, and where the material has a BET surface area of at least 3 m2/g, and production of the inventive materials and use thereof.

Abstract: A composite structure and a method of manufacturing the composite structure. The composite structure includes a graphene sheet; and a nanostructure oriented through the graphene sheet and having a substantially one-dimensional shape.

Abstract: A conductive paste composition is provided. The conductive paste composition includes 20 to 70 weight % of silver nanoparticles having an average particle size of 1 nm to 250 nm based on a total weight of the conductive paste composition, and 0.01 to 2 weight % of silver-decorated carbon nanotubes based on the total weight of the conductive paste composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite electrode material, a manufacturing method and application thereof. The composite electrode material comprises manganese oxide, graphene and graphite oxide. The manufacturing method includes the following steps, first step: adequately milling graphene then ultrasonic dispersing it into water; second step: dissolving hypermanganate into the water containing graphene and obtaining the aqueous solution containing permanganate ion and graphene; third step: adding polyethylene glycol into the aqueous solution of second step under stirring and obtaining mixed solution; fourth step: stirring the mixed solution until fuchsia completely faded, then filtering, washing and drying precipitate and obtaining the composite electrode material. The composite electrode material has the following advantages: high specific surface area, high conductivity and high specific capacity, and can be applied to supercapacitor electrode material.

Abstract: Composition for the manufacture of composite electrodes usable in electrochemical devices and comprising at least: (i) one lithium insertion material; (ii) one electronic conducting material; (iii) one amino-functional cationic polyelectrolyte; (iv) water.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to a diffusing agent composition used in printing an impurity-diffusing component onto a semiconductor substrate, wherein the diffusing agent composition contains: a hydrolysis product of alkoxysilane (A); a component (B) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrolysis product of alkoxy titanium, a hydrolysis product of alkoxy zirconium, titania fine particle, and zirconia fine particle; an impurity-diffusing component (C); and an organic solvent (D).

Abstract: Provided is a hydrogen-storing carbon material with improved hydrogen storage capacity. The hydrogen-storing carbon material has a total pore volume of 0.5 cm3/g or more, and a ratio of a total mesoporous volume to a total microporous volume per unit weight of 5 or more. In addition, the hydrogen-storing carbon material may have a nitrogen content of 0.5 wt % or more and less than 20 wt %. In addition, the hydrogen-storing carbon material may have a stable potential of ?1.28 V or more when a cathode current with respect to the hydrogen-storing carbon material is held at 1,000 mA/g in electrochemical measurement by chronopotentiometry involving using the hydrogen-storing carbon material in a working electrode in a three-electrode method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid composite for use in the cathode of a lithium- sulphur electric current producing cell wherein the solid composite comprises 1 to 75 wt.-% of expanded graphite, 25 to 99 wt.-% of sulphur, 0 to 50 wt.-% of one or more further conductive agents other than expanded graphite, and 0 to 50 wt.

Abstract: A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery including a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: LixMyCozPO4??Chemical Formula 1 wherein 0?x?2, 0.98?y?1, 0<z?0.02, M is selected from the group consisting of V, Mn, Fe, Ni, and combinations thereof, and the compound exhibits a peak at a 2? value in a range of 40.0 degrees to 41.0 degrees in an X-ray diffraction pattern measured using CuK? radiation, is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for producing a manganese oxide/graphene nanocomposite including synthesizing a manganese oxide/graphene nanocomposite through liquid phase reaction at a room temperature, a manganese oxide/graphene nanocomposite produced by the method, and an electrode material and a super-capacitor electrode including the manganese oxide/graphene nanocomposite.

Abstract: A new electroactive material of formula H4V3O8 obtainable from H2V3O8 is described as well as a method for its production, an electroactive cathode coating material comprising this electroactive material, a method for its production and cathodes as well as aqueous and non aqueous, rechargeable and non rechargeable batteries comprising such cathodes.

Abstract: A lithium salt-graphene-containing composite material and its preparation method are provided. The composite material has the microstructure which comprises carbon nanoparticles, lithium salt nanocrystals and graphene, wherein the surface of lithium salt nanocrystals is coated with carbon nanoparticles and graphene. The preparation method comprises concentrating and drying a mixed solution, then calcinating the solid. The lithium salt-graphene-containing composite material has excellent electric performance and stability since the problem of low electric performance resulted from carbon coating on the surface of lithium salt or coating imperfection resulted from graphene coating on the surface of lithium salt is effectively solved. For the more uniform and compacted combination between graphene and lithium salt nanocrystals, the graphene will not fall off and the composite material has a high capacity ratio, energy density and conductivity.

Abstract: Porous materials are fabricated using interpenetrating inorganic-organic composite gels. A mixture or precursor solution including an inorganic gel precursor, an organic polymer gel precursor, and a solvent is treated to form an inorganic wet gel including the organic polymer gel precursor and the solvent. The inorganic wet gel is then treated to form a composite wet gel including an organic polymer network in the body of the inorganic wet gel, producing an interpenetrating inorganic-organic composite gel. The composite wet gel is dried to form a composite material including the organic polymer network and an inorganic network component. The composite material can be treated further to form a porous composite material, a porous polymer or polymer composite, a porous metal oxide, and other porous materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating formulation useful in forming a conductive coating film on a surface of a collector for constructing an electrode plate for an electricity storage device. The coating formulation contains (A) a polymeric acid, (B) a vinyl carboxylate copolymer represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, Na, organic groups derived from vinyl carboxylate monomers, and cations capable of forming electrolytes for the electricity storage device, R2 to R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, Na, C1-C6 alkyl groups, and cations capable of forming electrolytes for the electricity storage device, and a ratio (m/n) of m to n is from 0.0001 to 1, (C) a conductive material, and (D) a polar solvent.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing defect-free phospho-olivine materials is disclosed. The method is based on direct hydrothermal synthesis of phospho-olivine compound(s) and subsequent lattice reordering at or near the transition temperature to eliminate lattice defects or on one-pot in situ hydrothermal synthesis of phospho-olivine compound(s), where the cation ordering occurs during dwell time after rapid synthesis to eliminate lattice defects. The disclosed methods produce defect-free phospho-olivine compound(s) having a crystal lattice with a Pnma space group. In order to determine the exact transition temperature for complete removal of single- or mixed-transition metals from lithium sites or to monitor the crystal growth and removal of single- or mixed-transition metals from lithium sites during the hydrothermal synthesis, the method encompasses a procedure for determining and monitoring defects in the phospho-olivine phases using X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: A method for producing a cathode active material for lithium ion batteries includes a step of synthesizing LiFePO4 by carrying out a hydrothermal reaction using an Li salt, a Fe salt, and a phosphoric acid source as raw materials. Elements Li and Fe in the Li and Fe salts are added to the reaction system in amounts excessively larger than the theoretical amounts required for the hydrothermal reaction. The synthesized LiFePO4 has an average primary particle size of equal to or larger than 30 nm and equal to or smaller than 100 nm.

Abstract: A substituted lithium-manganese metal phosphate of formula LiFexMn1-x-yMyPO4 in which M is a bivalent metal from the group Sn, Pb, Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ti and Cd and wherein: x<1, y<0.3 and x+y<1, a process for producing it as well as its use as cathode material in a secondary lithium-ion battery.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium rechargeable battery, the anode active material including: a base material which is alloyable with lithium and a metal nitride disposed on the base material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite material containing particles of a lithium transition metal phosphate and carbon with a carbon content of ?1.4 wt.-%. The present invention further relates to an electrode containing the composite material and a secondary lithium-ion battery containing an electrode comprising the composite material.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cathode material for a secondary battery, and a manufacturing method of the same. The cathode material includes a lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4/sodium manganese fluorophosphate Na2MnPO4F composite, in which the LiMnPO4 and Na2MnPO4F have different crystal structures. Additionally, the method of manufacturing the cathode material may be done in a single step through a hydrothermal synthesis, which greatly reduces the time and cost of production. Additionally, the disclosure provides that the electric conductivity of the cathode material may be improved through carbon coating, thereby providing a cathode material with excellent electrochemical activity.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell for high-voltage operation and electrode coatings for the same. The electrochemical cell and electrode coatings of the present invention can preferably withstand charging voltages to at least 5-Volts. In one embodiment, the electrochemical cell can include an anode, a cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode, the cathode, and the separator are operatively associated with the electrolyte. The cathode can include, for example, a mixture of a metal oxide, an elongated carbon structure, and a conductive material. The metal oxide can be, for example, a lithium-nickel-manganese oxide, such as LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4. The elongated carbon structure can be, for example, a carbon nanotube, a carbon fibril, or a carbon fiber. The conductive material can be, for example, a conductive carbon. The metal oxide, the elongated carbon structure, and the conductive material can be bound together, for example, with a binder.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a vapor-grown carbon fiber aggregate, wherein the carbon fiber has a structure of two or more tubular graphene layers and of which the central portion in cross section of the fiber is hollow, has a little unevenness in the structure and exhibits excellent electric conductivity. [Means for Solution] A vapor-grown carbon fiber aggregate, wherein the carbon fiber has a structure of two or more tubular graphene layers and of which the central portion in cross section of the fiber is hollow, the average outer fiber diameter of the carbon fibers is from 10 to 300 nm, and not less than 70% of the whole number of the carbon fibers have hollow diameters of from 2 to 20 nm and hollow diameter/outer fiber diameter ratios of from 1.4 to 20%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a carbon nanofiber in which a nano-sized metal oxide or an intermetallic compound is dispersed, and more specifically, provides a preparation method comprising the step of electrospinning a metal precursor/carbon fiber precursor solution and heat treating the same. The carbon nanofiber containing a metal oxide or an intermetallic compound can be used as an anode material for a secondary battery. According to the present invention, a secondary battery using the carbon nanofiber containing a metal oxide or an intermetallic compound as an anode material has excellent capacity, and shows excellent cycle stability, in other words, maintains a capacity of 90% or more of the initial capacity even after 100 cycles, and the like.

Abstract: A process for forming a thermoelectric component having optimum properties is provided. The process includes providing a plurality of core-shell nanoparticles, the nanoparticles having a core made from silica, metals, semiconductors, insulators, ceramics, carbon, polymers, combinations thereof, and the like, and a shell containing bismuth telluride. After the core-shell nanoparticles have been provided, the nanoparticles are subjected to a sintering process. The result of the sintering provides a bismuth telluride thermoelectric component having a combined electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient squared of greater than 30,000 ?V2S/mK2 at 150° C.

Abstract: An embodiment of this invention is directed to a positive electrode composition that includes a first group of granules that contain about 30% by volume of at least one metal or electrically-conductive carbon, or combinations thereof; and a second group of granules that contain at least about 60% by volume of a metallic salt, and less than about 30% by volume of a metal. A porous structure based on a material that is resistant to non-passivating oxidation and alkaline electrolysis may be used in place of the second group of granules. An article that includes a positive electrode based on such a composition is also described, as well as related energy storage devices.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to a layered structure usable in a strain sensor. In one embodiment, the layered structure has a substrate with a first surface and an opposite, second surface defining a body portion therebetween; and a film of carbon nanotubes deposited on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the film of carbon nanotubes is conductive and characterized with an electrical resistance. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are aligned in a preferential direction. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are formed in a yarn such that any mechanical stress increases their electrical response. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are incorporated into a polymeric scaffold that is attached to the surface of the substrate. In one embodiment, the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes are functionalized such that its electrical conductivity is increased.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for aligning graphite nanofibers in a thermal interface material to enhance the thermal interface material performance. The method includes preparing the graphite nanofibers in a herringbone configuration, and dispersing the graphite nanofibers in the herringbone configuration into the thermal interface material. The method further includes applying a magnetic field of sufficient intensity to align the graphite nanofibers in the thermal interface material. The system includes the graphite nanofibers configured in a herringbone configuration and a means for dispersing the graphite nanofibers in the herringbone configuration into the thermal interface material. The system further includes a means for applying a magnetic field of sufficient intensity to align the graphite nanofibers in the thermal interface material.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a polarizing electrode material for a high withstand voltage-type electric double layer capacitor with high energy density and also with little time-dependent deterioration in capacitance or resistance, namely having excellent long-term reliability, as well as an electric double layer capacitor using the same. The invention provides a polarizing electrode material used in an electric double layer capacitor, characterized by comprising a porous carbon particle, an electroconductive aid, a tungsten oxide powder, and a binder.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to certain lithium materials, including lithium manganese borate materials. Such materials are of interest in various applications such as energy storage. Certain aspects of the invention are directed to lithium manganese borate materials, for example, having the formula LixMny(BO3). In some cases, the lithium manganese borate materials may include other elements, such as iron, magnesium, copper, zinc, calcium, etc. The lithium manganese borate materials, according to one set of embodiments, may be present as a monoclinic crystal system. Such materials may surprisingly exhibit relatively high energy storage capacities, for example, at least about 96 mA h/g. Other aspects of the invention relate to devices comprising such materials, methods of making such materials, kits for making such materials, methods of promoting the making or use of such materials, and the like.

Abstract: A lead manganese-based cathode material is provided. Furthermore, a lithium or lithium ion rechargeable electrochemical cell is provided incorporating lead manganese-based cathode material in a positive electrode. In addition, a process for preparing a stable lead manganese-based cathode material is provided.

Abstract: A composite powder in which highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticle precursors are supported on carbon is rapidly heated under nitrogen atmosphere, crystallization of metal oxide is allowed to progress, and highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticles are supported by carbon. The metal oxide nanoparticle precursors and carbon nanoparticles supporting said precursors are prepared by a mechanochemical reaction that applies sheer stress and centrifugal force to a reactant in a rotating reactor. The rapid heating treatment in said nitrogen atmosphere is desirably heating to 400° C.-1000° C. By further crushing the heated composite, its aggregation is eliminated and the dispersity of metal oxide nanoparticles is made more uniform. Examples of a metal oxide that can be used are manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium titanate. Carbons that can be used are carbon nanofiber and Ketjen Black.

Abstract: A self-supporting carbon electrode can include, or consist essentially of, nanostructured carbon, for example, oxygen-functionalized nanostructured carbon.

Abstract: The present application relates generally to conductive compositions that are transparent to visible light and their use in various optical applications, such as ophthalmic products. Embodiments of the invention include transparent conductive ink compositions that comprise a conductive polymer and one or more of a lithium salt or a high boiling point solvent. Embodiments of the invention further include electro-active ophthalmic products, such as electro-active ophthalmic lenses, comprising one or more conductive structures (e.g., contacts, wires, and the like) that are at least partially composed of said transparent conductive ink compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing lithium iron phosphate particles, wherein the process has a step of obtaining a melt containing, as represented by mol % based on oxides, from 1 to 50% of Li2O, from 20 to 50% of Fe2O3 and from 30 to 60% of P2O5; a step of cooling and solidifying the melt; a step of pulverizing the solidified product into a desired particle shape; and a step of heating the pulverized product in the air or under oxidizing conditions (0.21<oxygen partial pressure<1.0) at from 350 to 800° C. to precipitate crystals of LinFe2(PO4)3 (0<n<3), in this order.

Abstract: There is provided a positive electrode active material production method, a positive electrode, and a storage device. A production method of a positive electrode active material having a LiVPO4F-type crystal structure and containing carbon, includes: a step of synthesizing a precursor that has VPO4 containing carbon, from a starting material in the form of vanadium pentoxide and a phosphate compound, and from a carbon material as an additive; and a step of synthesizing LiVPO4F containing carbon, from the precursor and LiF. The carbon material as an additive is conductive carbon black having a specific surface area of 700 to 1500 m2/g, and in the step of synthesizing the precursor, an addition amount of the conductive carbon black is less than 2 moles per mole of vanadium pentoxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for producing a cathode for a secondary battery, where lithium manganese fluorophosphate such as Li2MnPO4F can be used as an electrode material. Li2MnPO4F is prepared by chemical intercalation of lithium, and can be used as an electrode material, and a non-lithium containing material can then be used as an anode material for manufacturing of a full cell. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a carbon coating for a cathode material for a lithium battery, which has improved electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A composition including a first material and a metal or a metal oxide component for use in an electrochemical redox reaction is described. The first material is represented by a general formula M1xM2yXO4, wherein M1 represents an alkali metal element; M2 represents an transition metal element; X represents phosphorus; O represents oxygen; x is from 0.6 to 1.4; and y is from 0.6 to 1.4. Further, the metal or the metal oxide component includes at least two materials selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements, semimetal elements, group IIA elements, group IIIA elements, group IVA elements, alloys thereof and oxides of the above metal elements and alloys, wherein the two materials include different metal elements. Moreover, the first material and the metal or the metal oxide component are co-crystallized or physically combined, and the metal or the metal oxide component takes less than about 30% of the composition.

Abstract: Metal imide compounds as anode materials for lithium batteries and galvanic elements with a high storage capacity. Metal imide compounds as highly capacitive anode materials for lithium batteries. The invention relates to a galvanic element, an anode material for use in a galvanic element and method for producing an active electrode material.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention include creating cathode materials that have high energy density and are cost-effective, environmentally benign, and are able to be charged and discharged at high rates for a large number of cycles over a period of years. One embodiment is a battery material comprised of a doped nanocomposite. The doped nanocomposite may be comprised of Li—Co—PO4; C; and at least one X, where said X is a metal for substituting or doping into LiCoPO4. In certain embodiments, the doped nanocomposite may be LiCoMnPO4/C. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of creating a battery material comprising the steps of high energy ball milling particles to create complex particles, and sintering said complex particles to create a nanocomposite. The high energy ball milling may dope and composite the particles to create the complex particles.