Abstract: A representative printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of substantially spherical semiconductor particles; and a first solvent comprising a polyol or mixtures thereof, such as glycerin; and a second solvent different from the first solvent, the second solvent comprising a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof, such as glutaric acid. The composition may further comprise a third solvent such as tetramethylurea, butanol, or isopropanol. In various embodiments, the plurality of substantially spherical semiconductor particles have a size in any dimension between about 5 nm and about 100?. A representative composition can be printed and utilized to produce diodes, such as photovoltaic diodes or light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A representative printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of conductive particles; a first solvent comprising a polyol or mixtures thereof, such as glycerin, and a second solvent comprising a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof, such as glutaric acid. In various embodiments, the conductive particles are comprised of a metal, a semiconductor, an alloy of a metal and a semiconductor, or mixtures thereof, and may have sizes between about 5 nm to about 1.5 microns in any dimension. A representative conductive particle ink can be printed and annealed to produce a conductor.

Abstract: Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films.

Abstract: Self-reducing metal inks and systems and methods for producing and using the same are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, a method may comprise selecting a metal-organic (MO) precursor, selecting a reducing agent, and dissolving the MO precursor and the reducing agent in an organic solvent to produce a metal ink that remains in a liquid phase at room temperature. Metal inks, including self-reducing and fire-through metal inks, are also disclosed, as are various applications of the metal inks.

Abstract: An organic electrolyte solution for use in a redox flow battery and the redox flow battery including the organic electrolyte solution has a high energy density because re-precipitation is prevented in the organic electrolyte solution or eduction is prevented in an electrode during reduction of a metal ion used as an electrolyte.

Abstract: A composition can include a first moiety capable of being excited to an excited state, and a second moiety capable of accepting excited state energy from the first moiety. The second moiety is capable of emitting light with a FWHM of 15 nm or less when excited. The second moiety can be a J-aggregate and the first moiety can be a semiconductor nanocrystal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface-modified RuO2 conductive and a lead-free powdered glass material formulated to make a paste suitable for application to the manufacture of a thick film resistor material. The resistance range that is most suitable to this invention is a resistor having 10 kilo-ohms to 10 mega-ohms per square of sheet resistance. The resulting resistors have ±100 ppm/° C. TCRs.

Abstract: A fabrication method of thermoelectric materials using core-shell structured nano-particles and thermoelectric materials fabricated by the same are provided. The method includes preparing core-shell structured nano-particles having thermoelectric elements coated on the surface thereof (step 1); adding and mixing the prepared core-shell structured nano-particles of step 1, bismuth (Bi) salts, tellurium (Te) salts and a surfactant in a solvent (step 2); adding and dispersing a reducing agent in the mixture of step (step 3); and heating the mixture of step 3 in which reducing agent is added and dispersed (step 4). According to the present invention, thermoelectric materials, nano-phase is homogeneously dispersed inside of thermoelectric grain boundary, can be fabricated and if the fabricated materials are used after sintering and bulking, the thermoelectric materials are maintained in a state that the nano-particles remain in dispersed phase even after sintering.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to printing features from an ink containing a material precursor. In some embodiments, the material includes an electrically active material, such as a semiconductor, a metal, or a combination thereof. In another embodiment, the material includes a dielectric. The embodiments provide improved printing process conditions that allow for more precise control of the shape, profile and dimensions of a printed line or other feature. The composition(s) and/or method(s) improve control of pinning by increasing the viscosity and mass loading of components in the ink. An exemplary method thus includes printing an ink comprising a material precursor and a solvent in a pattern on the substrate; precipitating the precursor in the pattern to form a pinning line; substantially evaporating the solvent to form a feature of the material precursor defined by the pinning line; and converting the material precursor to the patterned material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a resistor paste comprising steps of: (a) preparing a basic resistor paste comprising, (i) a conductive powder, (ii) a first glass frit, and (iii) a first organic medium; and (b) preparing a glass paste as a TCR driver comprising, (iv) a second glass frit comprising manganese oxide, and (v) a second organic medium, (c) adding the glass paste to the basic resistor paste to obtain a resistor paste with a desired TCR.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound represented by formula (1) below. In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic heterocyclic group, B represents a group including a chain of one to four pieces of one or more groups selected from groups represented by specific formulae (B-1) to (B-13) (such as —C?C— or —N?N—, specifically see the description), R1 to R3 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or hydrocarbonoxy group, at least one of R1 to R3 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbonoxy group, R4 and R5 each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, R4 and R5 may be linked together to form a ring, and R4 and R5 may be each independently linked with A to form a ring.

Abstract: A charge-carrier transport layer for an electro-optical component includes an organic charge-carrier transport material. A plurality of first particles having a diameter ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm is incorporated in the organic charge-carrier transport material and contains a first transparent oxide. A plurality of second particles having a diameter between 100 nm and 1000 nm is also incorporated into the organic charge-carrier transport material and contains a second transparent oxide. The index of refraction of the plurality of second particles differs from the index of refraction of the organic charge-transport material.

Abstract: A palladium precursor composition includes at least one palladium salt and at least one fluorinated component, wherein if the fluorinated component is not a fluorinated organoamine, the composition further includes an organoamine, and if the fluorinated component is a fluorinated organoamine, the composition may optionally further include one or more additional fluorinated components. Further disclosed is a substantially pinhole-free palladium layer formed from the precursor composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing titanium dioxide paste for dye sensitized solar cell, and more specifically a method for preparing titanium dioxide paste fir dye sensitized solar cell, which is curable at a low temperature and is able to form a uniform coating layer and exhibits relatively high energy conversion efficiency. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing low temperature curable paste which requires no separate dye adsorption process or can improve energy conversion efficiency by adding dye or metal precursor in advance.

Abstract: A gas sensitive material comprising SnO2 nanocrystals doped with In2O3 and an oxide of a platinum group metal, and a method of making the same. The platinum group metal is preferably Pd, but also may include Pt, Ru, Ir, and combinations thereof. The SnO2 nanocrystals have a specific surface of 7 or greater, preferably about 20 m2/g, and a mean particle size of between about 10 nm and about 100 nm, preferably about 40 nm. A gas detection device made from the gas sensitive material deposited on a substrate, the gas sensitive material configured as a part of a current measuring circuit in communication with a heat source.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pellet composition having enhanced thermal stability for use in a thermally-actuated, current cutoff device. Certain inorganic stability additive particles, such as silica, talc, and siloxane, can be mixed with one or more organic compounds to form a thermal pellet composition. A solid thermal pellet maintains its structural rigidity up to a transition temperature (Tf), but further has improved overshoot temperature ranges. Therefore, the improved thermal pellets have a maximum dielectric capability temperature (Tcap), above which the pellet composition may lose substantial dielectric properties and conducts current that is at least 50° C. greater than the Tf. In certain variations, maximum dielectric capability temperature (Tcap) is greater than or equal to about 380° C.

Abstract: An ink includes a solution of selenium in ethylene diamine solvent and a solution of at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of an indium salt or a gallium salt in at least one solvent including an organic amide. The organic amide can include dimethylformamide. The organic amide can include N-methylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a LiFePO4 cathode electroactive material for a lithium secondary battery by recycling, and a LiFePO4 cathode electroactive material for a lithium secondary battery, a LiFePO4 cathode, and a lithium secondary battery fabricated thereby. The present invention is characterized in that a cathode scrap is heat treated in air for a cathode electroactive material to be easily dissolved in an acidic solution, and amorphous FePO4 obtained as precipitate is heat treated in an atmosphere of air or hydrogen so as to fabricate crystalline FePO4 or Fe2P2O7. According to the present invention, a cathode scrap may be recycled by using a simple, environmentally friendly, and economical method. Further, a lithium secondary battery fabricated by using a LiFePO4 cathode electroactive material from the cathode scrap is not limited in terms of performance.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a method of preparing a coating ink for forming a zinc oxide electron transport layer, comprising mixing zinc acetate and a wetting agent in water or methanol; a coating ink comprising zinc acetate and a wetting agent in aqueous solution or methanolic solution; a method of preparing a zinc oxide electron transporting layer, which method comprises: i) coating a substrate with the coating ink of the present invention to form a film; ii) drying the film; and iii) heating the dry film to convert the zinc acetate substantially to ZnO; a method of preparing an organic photovoltaic device or an organic LED having a zinc oxide electron transport layer, the method comprising, in this order: a) providing a substrate bearing a first electrode layer; b) forming an electron transport layer according to the following method: i) coating a coating ink comprising an ink according to the present invention to form a film; ii) drying the film; iii) heating the dry film such that the zinc acetate i

Abstract: A paste for solar cell electrodes and a solar cell using the same, the paste including a conductive powder; glass frit; an organic vehicle; and metal oxide particles, the metal oxide particles having a nanometer scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 15 nm to about 50 nm and a micron scale particle size distribution having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 0.1 ?m to about 2 ?m.

Abstract: A conductive hydrogel includes: a first monomer; a second monomer; a crosslinking agent; a photoinitiator; a wetting agent; an electrolyte; and deionized water, wherein the first monomer is a 3-sulfopropyl acrylate potassium salt, and the second monomer is acrylic acid. The conductive hydrogel has high adhesivity, conductivity and moisture-retaining capacity and low skin irritancy compared to conventional hydrogels because it has the optimum composition ratio.

Abstract: In a method of preparing a liquid solution by mixing ingredients according to a predetermined recipe, wherein at least one pair of species of the liquid solution is derived from a weak electrolyte and corresponds to an acid-base pair, the conductivity of the liquid solution is predicted by: (i) for each pair of species derived from a weak electrolyte, solving a respective equilibrium equation to calculate the actual molar concentration of each such species at equilibrium in the liquid solution, (ii) calculating for each ionic species of said plurality of species the molar conductivity by the formula: ?=?0?K×Sqrt(c) wherein ? is the molar conductivity, ?0 is the molar conductivity at infinite dilution, c is the concentration, and K is the Kohlrausch coefficient, and wherein K and ?0 are predetermined values for K and ?0 for each ionic species, (iii) calculating the conductivity x for each ionic species by the formula: ?=c×? and (iv) adding up the conductivities determined in step (iii) for

Abstract: A wiring material contains copper, nitrogen, and a dopant which is more readily oxidized than copper in an Ellingham diagram, the dopant being added to the wiring material at a rate of not less than 0.5 at. % and not more than 10 at. %.

Abstract: A tin oxide particle having a structure characterized by peaks in Raman spectroscopy at at least 37±9 cm?1, 57±9 cm?1, 97±9 cm?1, 142±9 cm?1, 205±9 cm?1, 255±9 cm?1. The tin oxide particle preferably has an infrared transmittance of 80% or less at a wavelength of 1500 nm. The tin oxide particle preferably exhibits electroconductivity. The tin oxide particle is preferably substantially free from a dopant element that develops electroconductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of glass-crystalline particles comprising a glass component and a crystalline component comprising the steps of: a) providing a precursor solution comprising a solvent, a glass component composition, and a crystalline component composition; b) forming an aerosol comprising finely divided droplets of the precursor solution, wherein the droplet concentration which is below the concentration where collisions and subsequent coalescence of the droplets results in a 10% reduction in droplet concentration; c) heating the aerosol wherein, upon heating, glass-crystalline particles are formed, wherein the glass-crystalline particles comprise a glass component and a crystalline component, and wherein the crystalline component comprises one or more metal oxides; and d) isolating the glass-crystalline particles.

Abstract: A coating liquid for forming a metal oxide thin film, the coating liquid including: an inorganic indium compound; at least one of an inorganic magnesium compound and an inorganic zinc compound; and a glycol ether.

Abstract: Doping metal oxide charge transport material with an organic molecule lowers electrical resistance while maintaining transparency and thus is optimal for use as charge transport materials in various organic optoelectronic devices such as organic photovoltaic devices and organic light emitting devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solution composition for forming a thin film transistor including a zinc-containing compound, an indium-containing compound, and a compound including at least one metal or metalloid selected from the group consisting of hafnium (Hf), magnesium (Mg), tantalum (Ta), cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and yttrium (Y). A method of forming a thin film by using the solution composition, and a method of manufacturing thin film transistor including the thin film are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising a semiconductor nanocrystal including a core comprising a first semiconductor material comprising at least three chemical elements and a shell disposed over at least a portion of the core, the shell comprising a second semiconductor material, wherein the semiconductor nanocrystal is capable of emitting light upon excitation with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency greater than about 65%. Also disclosed is a composition comprising a semiconductor nanocrystal including a core comprising a first semiconductor material comprising at least three chemical elements and a shell disposed over at least a portion of the core, the shell comprising a second semiconductor material comprising at least three chemical elements, wherein the semiconductor nanocrystal is capable of emitting light with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency greater than about 60% upon excitation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of nanoparticles in ionic liquids. Specifically, the invention relates to a simple, quick and effective method for the preparation of dispersions of nanoparticles (nanofluids) in an ionic liquid.

Abstract: Use of 2-aminoethanol as an additive in an aqueous suspension, containing from 25 to 62 vol. % of at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material, wherein the use provides improved stability with regard to the conductivity of the suspension.

Abstract: Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an ink for an active layer of an organic solar cell, wherein an active layer having high energy conversion efficiency can be stably and easily formed from the ink; an organic solar cell having high energy conversion efficiency; and a method for producing the organic solar cell.

Abstract: An antistatic composition containing various types of polymers such as a polyamide, an aliphatic polyester, an elastomer thereof and a polyurethane elastomer, and a metal salt in specific amounts, and preferably, an antistatic composition in which an additive component such as an organic compound which has an —{O(AO)n}— group (A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 7) and all molecular chain terminals of which are CH3 and/or CH2 groups is compounded as needed.

Abstract: Composite particles of a metal oxide particle within a crosslinked, cored dendrimer are described. Additionally, methods of making the composite particles and compositions that contain the composite particles are described.

Abstract: The invention aims at an aqueous ink for high-temperature electrochemical cell electrodes and/or electrolyte containing particles of at least one mineral filler, at least one binder, and at least one dispersant. It also concerns the electrode and the electrolyte using such an ink.

Abstract: A composition containing fine silver particles which have a uniform particle size, can form a fine drawing pattern, and have a small environmental impact, a method for producing that composition, a method for producing fine silver particles, and a paste having fine silver particles are provided. The fine silver particles are produced by carrying out a fluid preparation step of preparing a reduction fluid, a silver reaction step, and a filtration/washing step. The reaction step is carried out by adding an aqueous silver nitrate fluid to a reduction fluid whose temperature has been increased to a range between 40 and 800 ° C. The aqueous silver nitrate fluid is added at a stretch. The composition containing fine silver particles is produced by dispersing the composition containing the fine silver particles in a polar fluid.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a lithium rechargeable battery, the positive electrode including a positive electrode active material; a binder; and a positive electrode additive represented by the following Formula 1: wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C30 aryl group and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for an oxide thin film, a preparation method of the composition, a method for forming an oxide thin film using the composition, an electronic device including the oxide thin film, and a semiconductor device including the oxide thin film. The composition for the oxide thin film includes a metal precursor and nitric acid-based stabilizer. The metal precursor includes at least one of a metal nitrate, a metal nitride, and hydrates thereof.

Abstract: A paste composition comprises a dye containing a novel oligomeric compound with improved dispersion performance. The oligomeric compound comprises a tail structure consisting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks and an amine or imidazole head structure. The paste composition can be used to prepare a semiconductor electrode of a solar cell. A semiconductor electrode produced using the paste composition and a solar cell fabricated using the semiconductor electrode exhibit greatly improved power conversion efficiency and superior processability.

Abstract: An ink for forming a compound semiconductor thin film is provided, which contains a binder includes a compound includes an S atom or an Se atom and metallic compound particles which are both dispersed in an organic solvent. A compound semiconductor thin film is formed by applying or printing the ink for forming a compound semiconductor thin film and heat-treating it. A solar cell is constituted, which has a light-absorbing layer formed of the compound semiconductor thin film.

Abstract: An iron electrode and a method of manufacturing an iron electrode for use in an iron-based rechargeable battery are disclosed. In one embodiment, the iron electrode includes carbonyl iron powder and one of a metal sulfide additive or metal oxide additive selected from the group of metals consisting of bismuth, lead, mercury, indium, gallium, and tin for suppressing hydrogen evolution at the iron electrode during charging of the iron-based rechargeable battery. An iron-air rechargeable battery including an iron electrode comprising carbonyl iron is also disclosed, as is an iron-air battery wherein at least one of the iron electrode and the electrolyte includes an organosulfur additive.

Abstract: The invention provides a precursor composition for forming an amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer, containing a metal salt, a primary amide, and a water-based solution. An amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer is formed by use of the composition.

Abstract: A paste composition for a solar cell electrode includes: a mixture of conductive powders, a glass frit, and an organic vehicle, and the mixture of conductive powders includes about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of a first conductive powder having an average particle diameter (Dx) from about 1 nm to about 100 nm, and about 90 wt % to about 99 wt % of a second conductive powder having an average particle diameter (D50) from about 0.5 ?m to about 5 ?m.

Abstract: A paste composition for solar cell electrodes includes conductive particles, a glass frit, an organic binder and a solvent. The conductive particles include at least two groups of conductive particle having different particle diameter distributions. The conductive particle may have an average particle diameter (D50?) of about 1.85 ?m or less and a particle diameter (D90?) at 90% of the cumulative particle diameter distribution of about 3.10 ?m or less.

Abstract: Use of 2-((1-methylpropyl)amino)ethanol as an additive in an aqueous suspension, containing from 25 to 62 vol. % of at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material, wherein the use provides improved stability with regard to the conductivity of the suspension.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated binary and ternary chalcogenide nanoparticle compositions that can be used as copper zinc tin chalcogenide precursor inks. In addition, this invention relates to coated substrates comprising binary and ternary chalcogenide nanoparticle compositions and provides processes for manufacturing these coated substrates. This invention also relates to compositions of copper zinc tin chalcogenide thin films and photovoltaic cells comprising such films. In addition, this invention provides processes for manufacturing copper zinc tin chalcogenide thin films, as well as processes for manufacturing photovoltaic cells incorporating such films.

Abstract: A composition, method of its preparation, and zinc electrodes comprising the composition as the active mass, for use in rechargeable electrochemical cells with enhanced cycle life is described. The electrode active mass comprises a source of electrochemically active zinc and at least one fatty acid or a salt, ester or derivative thereof, or an alkyl sulfonic acid or a salt ester or derivative thereof. The zinc electrode is assumed to exhibit low shape change and decreased dendrite formation compared to known zinc electrodes, resulting in electrochemical cells which have improved capacity retention over a number of charge/discharge cycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for the preparation of electrode compositions, especially those intended for use in supercapacitors. A process is provided for preparing lithium sulphite comprising the steps of:—a) introducing H2SO3 (aq) into a reaction vessel; b) reacting the H2SO3 (aq) with an aqueous suspension of Li2CO3 in the vessel to form an aqueous solution of Li2—CO3; and c) evaporating the solution to recover Li2CO3(s), wherein at least steps a) and b) are conducted under an inert atmosphere. Preferably, in step b) H2SO3 (aq) and Li2CO3 (aq) are reacted with each other in substantially equimolar amounts. There is also provided a process for forming an electrode material comprising a complexing step of causing lithium sulphite to form SO3 complexes at active N sites of a nitrogen-carbon structure, in the presence of a selected amount of a sink that absorbs the liberated lithium, so as to form the N:SO3 complexed electrode material.

Abstract: An electron emission source includes nano-sized acicular materials and a cracked portion formed in at least one portion of the electron emission source. The acicular materials are exposed between inner walls of the cracked portion. A method for preparing the electron emission source, a field emission device including the electron emission source, and a composition for forming the electron emission source are also provided in the present invention.