Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing an aqueous dispersion of zirconium oxide comprising: reacting a zirconium salt with an alkali in water to obtain a slurry of particles of zirconium oxide; filtering, washing, and repulping the slurry; adding an organic acid to the resulting slurry in an amount of one mole part or more per mole part of the zirconium in the slurry; hydrothermally treating the resulting mixture at a temperature of 170° C. or higher; and washing the resulting aqueous dispersion of particles of zirconium oxide.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a process for producing a bisphenol A product comprises: reacting phenol with acetone in the presence of a sulfur containing promoter to obtain a reaction mixture comprising bisphenol A, phenol, and the promoter; after reacting the phenol with the acetone, cooling to form a crystal stream comprising crystals of bisphenol A and phenol; separating the crystals from the crystal steam; melting the crystals to form a molten stream of bisphenol A, phenol, and sulfur; contacting the molten stream with a base to reduce a sulfur concentration in the molten stream and form a reduced sulfur stream; and removing phenol from the reduced sulfur stream to form a bisphenol A product.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical film having a large phase difference value, small moisture-induced fluctuation in the phase difference value, small photoelastic coefficient and excellent bondability with a polarizer. The optical film includes a cellulose ester (A) which satisfy formulae (1) and (2) below and a vinyl-based polymer (B). A content ratio of the cellulose ester (A) and the vinyl-based polymer (B) is from 95:5 to 50:50 by mass, the vinyl-based polymer (B) is composed of a non-aromatic vinyl-based monomer having a solubility parameter of 17.5 (MPa1/2) or larger and smaller than 20.0 (MPa1/2) and a weight average molecular weight of the vinyl-based polymer (B) is from 500 to 10,000: where 1.0?X+?Yi<2.0??formula (1) 4.0?2×X+?(ni×Yi)<6.0.

Abstract: A system for detecting presence of an organism having an enzyme in a sample, comprising: a cartridge for containing the sample and a substrate such that the enzyme can react with the substrate to produce a biological molecule; a partitioning element mounted in a recess in a base of the cartridge, the partitioning element allowing partitioning of the biological molecule thereinto; a light source for irradiating the biological molecule partitioned into the partitioning element; and, a detector for detecting fluorescence of the biological molecule partitioned into the partitioning element, the detected fluorescence being indicative of presence of the organism in the sample; wherein the light source is in a raised cartridge mount of the system that mates with the recess in the base of the cartridge. Also provided is a method for calibrating said system and quality control cartridges for use in same.

Abstract: A system and related method for improved liquid delivery evaluation using a solution containing one or more dyes such that the solution exhibits multiple distinct detectable light absorbance spectral features for calibrating or testing over extended volume or dilution ranges are described. The system includes: a photometric instrument capable of measuring optical absorbance at multiple wavelengths; one or more sample solutions to be dispensed using the liquid delivery system whose performance is being tested or calibrated; and vessels optionally pre-filled, or filled by the user, with diluent solution. The sample solutions contain one or more dyes, chosen so that multiple distinct detectable light absorbance spectral features, such as peaks and/or valleys and/or plateaus of the solution can be distinguished for volume or dilution ranges of interest.

Abstract: A multilayer light reflective self assembly film or coating which reflects light of a desired wavelength is obtained by blending block copolymer fractions of different molecular weight. The colour of light reflected by the film or coating depends on the relative amounts of the block copolymers in the blend. Thus, the colour of the reflected light is selectable by varying the relative amounts of the block copolymers in the blend. The polymers may be cross-linked by means of a suitable cross-linking agent. Applications of the film or coating include anti-counterfeiting devices.

Abstract: Nanorod and nanowire compositions are disclosed comprising copper indium selenide, copper indium gallium selenide, copper indium sulfide, or a combination thereof. Also disclosed are photovoltaic devices comprising the nanorod and/or nanowire compositions. Also disclosed are methods for producing the nanorod and nanowire compositions, and photovoltaic devices described herein.

Abstract: Thin layers or films of metal oxides are used as a semiconductor material of solar cells and they are coated with a sensitizer to achieve the high absorption of sunlight. Various dyes have been used as sensitizers in solar cells. Rylene monoimide derivatives are developed as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells and as photodetectors. The Rylene monoimide derivatives have very good quantum efficiencies, particularly in the NIR region of the absorption spectrum.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a light emitting device comprises: a lighting element located in a housing, wherein the housing is formed from a polymer composition comprising: a polymer material; and a coated conversion material. The coated conversion material is selected from a coated conversion material, coated yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) doped with rare earth elements, coated terbium aluminum garnet doped with rare earth elements, coated silicate (BOSE) doped with rare earth elements; coated nitrido silicates doped with rare earth elements; coated nitride orthosilicate doped with rare earth elements, coated oxonitridoaluminosilicates doped with rare earth elements; as well as combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing. After the coated conversion material has been exposed to an excitation source, the coated conversion material has a luminescence lifetime of less than 10?4 seconds when the excitation source is removed.

Abstract: An optical filter comprising at least one dye compound (i), at least one layered clay mineral (ii), and thermoplastic substance (iii) if needed. The optical filter of the present invention is excellent in light resistance and moist heat resistance and suitable for improving the image quality and preventing glare due to external light in image display devices.

Abstract: Provided is an immersion oil for microscope including a liquid olefin polymer (A), a liquid diene polymer (B), a diaryl alkane (C), and an alkyl benzene (D), the immersion oil for microscope being capable of maintaining low fluorescence of its own over a long period of time, having good characteristics required for an immersion oil for microscope, such as good refractive index, Abbe number, viscosity, and resolution, and being particularly suitable as an immersion oil for a fluorescence microscope.

Abstract: A thin film comprising titanium oxide as its main component, wherein the thin film includes titanium, oxygen and copper, content of Ti is 29.0 at % or higher and 34.0 at % or less and content of Cu is 0.003 at % or higher and 7.7 at % or less with remainder being oxygen and unavoidable impurities, and ratio of oxygen component to metal components, O/(2Ti+0.5Cu), is 0.96 or higher.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein generally relate to compositions and articles including dye compounds having desirable optical properties, and related methods. In some cases, the compositions and articles may possess advantageous optical properties, including various degrees of absorbance, emission, and/or transmission at particular wavelengths or ranges of wavelength. Embodiments described herein may be useful as optical filters in protective eyewear applications.

Abstract: The invention discloses the incorporation of nanostructured additives into high-performance, hydrogen-rich polymeric materials to provide radiation shields for use against Galactic Cosmic Radiation and Solar Energetic Particles as well as secondary particulate and electromagnetic radiation resulting from nuclear reactions within the shield. Nanostructured materials are defined as having at least one dimension in the nanometer range, and may include metallic and metal-oxide nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanoclays, coated polymeric nanoparticles and pairs of materials forming a nanostructured interface. Functionalization of additives is performed to increase their compatability with polymeric materials. Hydrogen-rich polymers refer to those having interstitial hydrogen or hydrogen-containing materials pendant to the polymer backbone.

Abstract: The present invention provides new ferroelectric ceramic materials which can be sintered at a temperature lower than that of the conventional ferroelectric ceramic materials and upon sintering, devices formed of the new ferroelectric ceramic materials possesses excellent piezoelectric properties which are suitable for many industrial applications. The ferroelectric ceramic material includes a composition with a general formula of wPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-yPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-zPbZrO3-(1?w?x?y?z)PbTiO3, in which 0<w<1, 0<x<1, 0?y<1, 0<z<1, w+x+y+z<1, and 0.5?w+x+y. A method of preparing a ferroelectric ceramic material includes preparing MgNb2O6, ZnNb2O6 and NiNb2O6 powder precursors, mixing the precursors with PbO, TiO2 and ZrO2 to form a mixture and calcining the mixture.

Abstract: An article including a perovskite manganese oxide thin film is composed of a substrate; and a perovskite manganese oxide thin film formed on the substrate and having an orientation that is an (m10) orientation where 19?m?2. When m is 2 the perovskite manganese oxide thin film has a (210) orientation. The invention provides a perovskite manganese oxide thin film having a transition temperature at room temperature or above, which is higher than that of the bulk oxide, by exploiting the substrate strain and the symmetry of the crystal lattice.

Abstract: There is provided a composition for electrochromic devices which clearly present only two states, a white-colored state and a decolored state. The composition for electrochromic devices contains (A) a specific quaternary ammonium salt, (B) a supporting electrolyte containing bromide ion, and (C) a solvent containing water as an essential component, and (A) is soluble in (C).

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a retardation film which uses a low-substituted cellulose ester and has improved retardation after saponification and improved wet heat stability of internal haze; a polarizing plate which uses the retardation film; and a liquid crystal display device. An optical film of the present invention contains a cellulose ester and a compound represented by general formula (1), and is characterized in that the compound has an average degree of substitution within the range of 3.0-6.0 and contains a component having a degree of substitution of 4 or less in an amount of 30-80% by mass (inclusive). (In the formula, R1-R8 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarbonyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted allylcarbonyl group, and R1-R8 may be the same as or different from one another.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic-inorganic composite material having a sufficient transparency and a low coefficient of linear expansion, an optical element using the same and a production process thereof. The organic-inorganic composite material has at least one polymer compound and at least one inorganic oxide having a three-dimensional network structure, wherein the polymer compound has a three-dimensional network structure and is covalently bonded to the inorganic oxide, and the haze value of the organic-inorganic composite material in terms of a thickness of 5 mm is 10% or less.

Abstract: A non-resonant two-photon absorption recording material containing at least (a) a non-resonant two-photon absorption compound, and (b) a recording component in which at least either a refractive index or fluorescence intensity changes, wherein the non-resonant two-photon absorption compound (a) is a compound having a structure represented by formula (1) as described.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions that are photorefractive upon irradiation by multiple laser wavelengths across the visible light spectrum. Embodiments of the photorefractive composition comprise a polymer, a chromophore, and a sensitizer, wherein the polymer comprises a repeating unit including at least a moiety selected from the group consisting of the formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic), as defined herein. The photorefractive composition can be used in optical devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising an organogel which comprises: (a) an alkylated benzimidazolone compound; and (b) an organic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester film for sealing the backside of solar cell having excellent light reflectivity and durability and good electric insulation. A polyester film for sealing the backside of solar cell having a light reflectance at 550 nm wavelength of 50% or more and containing 3 to 50% by mass of inorganic fine particles, characterized in that acid value of the film is 1 to 30 eq/ton and limiting viscosity of the film is 0.60 to 0.80 dL/g.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochemical display element composed of a simple member structure, capable of driving at low voltage, and exhibiting high display contrast and white display reflectance, and further to provide the electrochemical display element exhibiting reduced variation in reflectance during repetitive driving even after storage for a long duration. Disclosed is an electrochemical display element possessing an N-oxyl derivative represented by the following Formula (1), an electrolyte and a pair of facing electrodes: wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z1 represents a group of atoms having 2 or 3 atoms to form a cyclic structure; and Z1 may also have a substituent.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a resist underlayer film forming composition having a large selection ratio of a dry etching rate, and having a k value and an n value at a short wavelength such as an ArF excimer laser, both of which exhibit desired values. There is provided a resist underlayer film forming composition containing a polymer obtained by reacting at least a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an alicyclic structure or an aliphatic structure and a diepoxy compound having two epoxy groups with an organic solvent containing an alcohol-based compound having an OH group, and a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organic polymeric photon up-conversion nanoparticles for biological applications, such as labeling and/or detection of cells, biological (macro-) molecules or other analytes, as well as for sensing temperature, pressure, oxygen and other substances that influence the up-conversion process. It further relates to organic photon up-conversion nanoparticles for singlet oxygen generation and the treatment of diseases, such as cancer.

Abstract: This invention pertains to methods for authenticating an article comprising tagging the article with light emitting optical reporter particles, and more specifically tagging the articles with up-converting phosphor particles (UCP), linked to nucleic acids of detectable sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric nanoparticle comprising a medium for photon up-conversion, and to a method of producing such polymeric nanoparticle.

Abstract: A method for authenticating and verifying a pharmaceutical item to be genuine is described. The method for authenticating a tablet comprises applying a particular nucleic acid material associated with a particular sequence of nucleic acid bases to a tablet or capsule. The method also comprises collecting a sample of the tablet and verifying the tablet is genuine by detecting the particular nucleic acid material.

Abstract: Described herein are devices, compositions, and methods for improving color discernment.

Abstract: A method for authenticating and verifying an item to be genuine is described. The method for authenticating the item comprises applying a particular nucleic acid material associated with a particular sequence of nucleic acid bases to ink within an ink cartridge or a toner compound within a toner housing. The method also comprises collecting a sample of either the ink or toner compound and verifying the ink or toner is genuine by detecting the particular nucleic acid material.

Abstract: A method for authenticating and verifying garment to be genuine is described. The method for authenticating a garment comprises applying a particular nucleic acid material/marker associated with a particular sequence of nucleic acid bases to a dye or paint and applying the marker to the garment. The method also comprises collecting a sample from the garment and verifying the garment is genuine by detecting the particular nucleic acid material on or within the garment.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal composite comprising a semiconductor nanocrystal composition dispersed in an inorganic matrix material and a method of making same are provided. The method includes providing a semiconductor nanocrystal composition having a semiconductor nanocrystal core, providing a surfactant formed on the outer surface of the composition, and replacing the surfactant with an inorganic matrix material. The semiconductor nanocrystal composite emits light having wavelengths between about 1 and about 10 microns.

Abstract: The invention includes a radiation diffracting member having a crystalline structure comprising an ordered periodic array of hollow particles. The radiation diffracting member also includes a matrix material in which the array of particles is received.

Abstract: A compound for non-linear optics for use at 350 nm and below. The compound includes a material for non-linear optics comprising AxM(1-x)Al3B4O12. x is larger than or equal to zero and smaller than or equal to 0.1, A is selected from a group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Yb, and Lu, and M is selected from a group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Yb, and Lu. The compound is free from a molybdenum bearing impurity of at least 1000 parts per million.

Abstract: A wavelength-converting resin composition for a photovoltaic cell, comprising: a fluorescent substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in an absorbance spectrum of which being ?max (nm); resin particles; and a dispersion medium resin, wherein a value of A1 (?), which is represented by the following Equation 1, at the maximum absorption wavelength ?max (nm) is 3.0×10?4 (O.D.

Abstract: The invention relates to a time temperature indicator comprising a) at least one photo-chromic colorant introduced into and/or atop a matrix substrate and charged by exposure to UV light; b) at least a transparent colorless or a transparent colored light absorbing protecting layer adhered to the underlying layer a) which contains the photo-chromic colorant; characterized in that the light absorbing protecting layer comprises 1-50 wt % of an UV light absorber or an UV light absorber mixture and 0.1-10 wt % of an optical brightener wherein the weight ratio of the UV light absorber and optical brightener is 0.1-10.

Abstract: A diffusively reflective paint composition is disclosed for use in reflectors in lighting fixtures. The paint is formed by blending macroporous polymeric particles with a paint carrier. The macroporous polymeric particles are formed by reducing a reflective macroporous sheet material. The paint can further comprise solid or hollow microspheres. The paint can be applied to a variety of substrates to form diffusely reflective articles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a scattering film which can be used in an organic EL light-emitting device, in which the light utilization efficiency and field-of-view dependence, which have been problems so far in organic EL light-emitting devices, can be improved without interfering the two properties with each other. Specifically disclosed is a scattering film for an organic EL, which can be placed on the light emission surface side of an organic EL light-emitting device for use, and involves a scattering layer, wherein the scattering layer comprises a binder resin, microparticles having a different refractive index from that of the binder resin, and resin particles having a larger average particle diameter than that of the microparticles. The content of the microparticles is preferably 5 to 90 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and the content of the resin particles is preferably 100 to 300 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.

Abstract: A spherical phosphor is formed by including a fluorescent substance and a transparent material including the fluorescent substance. In addition, a wavelength conversion-type photovoltaic cell sealing material is formed by including a light transmissive resin composition layer including the spherical phosphor and a sealing resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photochromic material which is an indeno-fused naphthopyran of structural formulas I or II, having a pi-conjugation extending group bonded to the 11-position of the indeno-fused naphthopyran, the pi-conjugation extending group having at least one pendent halo-substituted group bonded thereto. The pi-conjugation extending group extends the pi-conjugation system of said indeno-fused naphthopyran. The 13-position of the indeno-fused naphthopyran is substantially free of spiro-substituents. The invention further provides photochromic materials of specified structure, photochromic compositions, photochromic articles and optical elements that include the photochromic material.

Abstract: Infrared metamaterial arrays containing Au elements immersed in a medium of benzocyclobutene (BCB) were fabricated and selectively etched to produce small square flakes with edge dimensions of approximately 20 ?m. Two unit-cell designs were fabricated: one employed crossed-dipole elements while the other utilized square-loop elements.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition for converting electromagnetic energy to ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, the composition comprising at least one phosphor capable of converting an initial electromagnetic energy (A) to an electromagnetic energy (B) comprising UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, and an organic or inorganic media containing said phosphor. There is also a method of sterilizing an article by exposing it to UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength for a time sufficient to deactivate or kill at least one microorganism and/or for a time sufficient to inhibit abnormal cell growth within the body, when said composition is in an implantable medical device. A method of coating an article with such compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A new lens blocking material (adhesive composition 78) is proposed that essentially overcomes the drawbacks of previous blocking materials. This new material combines traditional UV and/or visible light (VIS) curable polymer materials with specially selected filler (s) as a non polymerizing solid in order to achieve or improve certain desirable material properties, including those of low shrinkage, low exothermic heat of polymerization, and improving the ability to deblock, while simultaneously reducing the high cost associated with such UV/VIS radiation curable materials. The new material is being used in methods for blocking a lens blank (54) onto a lens block (62) with a lens mounting face (64) that has a predetermined block curve, in which the number of different block curves required to cover the full range of standard lenses is minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a divalent europium-activated nitride red light emitting phosphor substantially represented by a general formula: (MI1-xEux)MIISiN3 (1) (in the formula (1), MI is an alkaline-earth metal element and represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; MII is a trivalent metal element and represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Sc, Y, La, Gd, and Lu; and x is the number satisfying 0.001?x?0.10), in which the electrical conductivity of a supernatant liquid of the solution containing 10 parts by mass of pure water with respect to 1 part by mass of the red light emitting phosphor is not more than 10 mS/cm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an epoxy resin composition for an optical semiconductor device having an optical semiconductor element mounting region and having a reflector that surrounds at least a part of the region, the epoxy resin composition being an epoxy resin composition for forming the reflector, the epoxy resin composition including the following ingredients (A) to (E): (A) an epoxy resin; (B) a curing agent; (C) a white pigment; (D) an inorganic filler; and (E) a specific release agent.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (100) is provided with a metal part (2) atop a planar LED substrate (1), and an LED element (3) is disposed atop the metal part (2). A glass substrate (5) is provided to an upper surface of the LED element (3), and a wavelength conversion part (6) is formed on an upper surface of the glass substrate (5). The wavelength conversion part (6) comprises a light-transmissive ceramic layer formed by heating a mixture containing a phosphor, an organometallic compound, a layered silicate mineral, an inorganic particulate, an organic solvent, and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an epoxy resin composition for an optical semiconductor device, including the following ingredients (A) to (E): (A) an epoxy resin; (B) a curing agent; (C) a white pigment; (D) an inorganic filler; and (E) a silane coupling agent, in which a total content of the ingredient (C) and the ingredient (D) is from 69 to 94% by weight of the whole of the epoxy resin composition, and the ingredient (E) is contained in an amount satisfying the specific conditions.

Abstract: Compositions of matter comprising a seeded semiconductor nanoparticle material and a non-quantum confined phosphor particle material for use in light conversion and light conversion layers comprising such compositions. In various embodiments, spherical core/shell seeded nanoparticles (SNPs) or nanorod seeded nanoparticles (RSNPs) are combined with a phosphor material to provide a composition of matter with small re-absorbance of the phosphor emission in both green and red wavelength regions and small re-absorbance of the SNP emission, In some embodiments, the SNPs or RSNPs are encapsulated in a first host material before being mixed with the phosphor particles. In various embodiments, a SNP/RSNP-phosphor mixture or encapsulated SNP/RSNP-phosphor mixture is incorporated in host matrix.

Abstract: The invention relates to single phase solid solutions containing 65 to 98 wt.-% unsubstituted quinacridone, 1 to 34 wt.-% 2,9-dimethylquinacridone and 1 to 10 wt.-% 2,9-dichloroquinacridone, relative to the total weight of the single phase solid solution.