Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate provided, on at least a portion of one of its faces, with a coating with a photocatalytic property based on titanium dioxide which is at least partially crystalline and which is incorporated in the said coating partly in the form of particles predominantly crystallized in the anatase form. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of this substrate and organic dispersions of titanium dioxide particles used in the said process for the preparation of the substrate.

Abstract: An ultraviolet radiation resistant coating is disclosed comprising cerium oxide in an inorganic oxide matrix formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of an organoalkoxysilanie and/or other metal alkoxide in combination with the reaction product of cerium oxide and tetraalkylsilicate.

Abstract: An optical filter comprises a transparent support and a filter layer. The filter layer contains a dye and a binder polymer. The dye is a methine dye in an aggregated form. The transparent support, the filter layer or an optional layer further contains a specific ultraviolet absorbing agent represented by the formula (I), (II), or (III).

Abstract: An ultraviolet radiation resistant coating is disclosed comprising cerium oxide in an inorganic oxide matrix formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of an organoalkoxysilane and/or other metal alkoxide in combination with the reaction product of cerium oxide and tetraalkylsilicate.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices and materials having enhanced daylight stability are described. The materials have a redox center linked to an energy receptor site that may serve to dissipate excited state energy from the redox center, alternatively the receptor site may absorb harmful radiation prior to the absorption by the redox center.

Abstract: An absorber of rays outside the visible region. The absorber includes a base made of a transparent synthetic resin with electroconductive anhydrous zinc antimonate incorporated therein; or a base made of a transparent synthetic resin with a layer formed of a synthetic resin and electroconductive anhydrous zinc antimonate incorporated therein, for absorbing rays outside the visible region, being disposed on a surface of the base; or wherein the layer is formed by depositing electron conductive anhydrous zinc antimonate powder on a surface of the base made of a transparent synthetic resin. The electroconductive anhydrous zinc antimonate can be a powder having a molar ratio of ZnO to Sb2O5 of 0.8 to 1.2 and a primary particle size of 5 to 200 nm. The light transmittances of the absorber are high in the visible region and low in both the ultraviolet and infrared wavelength regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical thin film containing titanium oxide, cerium oxide and bismuth oxide, wherein the content ratio of the titanium oxide, cerium oxide, and bismuth oxide is within the area expressed by four-cornered shape ABCD consisting of A (4,1,95), B (98,1,1), C (20,79,1), and D (3,14,83) in term of coordinate points (TiO.sub.2 mol percent, CeO.sub.2 mol percent, and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 mol percent) of the mol ratio when being converted to oxides of TiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3. Furthermore, with the invention, a comparatively high refractive index film layer and a comparatively low refractive index film layer are alternately laminated at least three layers on a transparent glass substrate, at least two layers of said three layers are high refractive index films, and at least one layer of said high refractive index films is said optical thin film.

Abstract: A solar blind optical filter which absorbs solar UV radiation and transmits non-solar UV radiation includes a carrier material and a salt of a dithioic acid of the formula RCS.sub.2.sup.- X.sup.+ wherein R is an a organic substituent that does not absorb ultraviolet light at wavelengths between 260 nanometers and 300 nanometers and X is a counterion. The solar blind optical filters of the present invention are useful for observing non-solar ultraviolet radiation in the presence of solar radiation.

Abstract: The composition formed by mixing an organosilane with an ether. Water-stabilized organosilane compounds. A water stable composition made from the ether and organosilane composition and water. A method of treating a substrate by mixing or contacting the substrate with the product, compound, or composition of this invention for a period of time sufficient for treatment of the substrate. A treated substrate having adhered thereto the product, compound, or composition of this invention. A method of dyeing and treating a substrate. A method of antimicrobially treating a food article. A method of antimicrobially coating a fluid container. A method of antimicrobially coating a latex medical article.

Abstract: Hydrophilic UV light absorbing polymerizing monomers are provided. These monomers are copolymerizable for providing biocompatible hydrogels capable of absorbing at least 90% of the UV light incident to the hydrogels. Such hydrogels are optically transparent, have high refractive indices, and possess long term stability. The hydrogels provided are useful in all applications where hydrogels may be used including intraocular lenses, corneal inlays, corneal onlays, contact lenses and similar applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thin layer of UV absorbing material, and a method of making such material by grinding UV absorbing glass into fine powder which can be suspended in a liquid matrix, for example, in index matching oil, thereby producing a transparent liquid which can be used to coat any material to impart UV absorption to such material.

Abstract: A photofading inhibitor compound comprising a singlet oxygen quenching moiety having a quenching rate of 1.times.10.sup.6 L mol.sup.-1 S.sup.-1 or faster and a cationic moiety.

Abstract: There is a need in the field of x-ray optics for an oxygen-free polymeric filter. This is because the mass absorption coefficient of oxygen is greater than that of carbon at every energy in the soft x-ray region except for a narrow band between the oxygen k-edge at 543.1 eV and the carbon k-edge at 284.2 eV. This band of frequencies is known as the "water window." The present invention is a method of filtering x-rays with the use of a freestanding, thin film of a polymer, metal-polymer composite, mesh-supported polymer film, or mesh-supported metal-polymer composite where the polymeric component of the filter is a PBI or a PPQ. In accordance with the present invention, the soft x-ray transmission of a 2500 angstrom polybenzimidazole film was measured as 3 to 5% more transmissive than either the polyimide DuPont 2610D or the polycarbonate GE Lexan.

Abstract: Bubbles are formed for entertainment and decorative purposes utilizing a liquid solution that includes a sufficient amount of a surface active agent to form the bubbles and a sufficient amount of a flourescent agent to provide illumination of the bubbles when viewed in the dark and under an external source of invisible ultraviolet or infrared radiation, such as a black light. The bubble solution is a pre-mixed, non-toxic solution that includes the surface active agent, or soap, to provide formation of the bubble and a flourescent agent such as Radiant.RTM. flourescent pigment dispersions to react to the illumination under the external source of invisible ultraviolet or infrared radiation such as a black light. Alternatively, the solution may be spread on a surface in decorative designs to be illuminated with the black light.

Abstract: An MOCVD precursor composition useful for MOCVD formation of a non-linear optically active metal borate thin film, comprising: (I) an organometallic source reagent for a metal reactively forming a non-linear optically active metal borate, and (II) an organoborate compound of the formula: B(OR).sub.3, wherein each R is independently selected from H, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, fluoroaralkyl, fluoroalkaryl, trialkylsilyl, and C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 carbocylic groups, as the aforementioned borate source reagent. Such composition may be employed for forming a non-linear optically active metal borate thin film on a substrate, via depositing by CVD on said substrate a metal from the organometallic source reagent and a borate from the organoborate compound, to react the metal with the borate and yield the non-linear optically active metal borate on the substrate.

Abstract: This invention provides esters of acetobacter acid useful as adhesion promoters for waterborne coatings compositions applied to corroded or rusty metal substrates. The esters of acetoacetic acid also function as a coalescing aid in the coating composition.

Abstract: A lens for eyeglasses and a molded synthetic resin for light transmitting filters are disclosed, which can reduce the glare of light and can provide a clear color sense, while retaining the lightness in the field of vision. The lens for eyeglasses and the molded synthetic resin for light transmitting filter are made of a synthetic resin base material comprising an organic dye with an absorption maximum in the vicinity of the central wavelength on the standard relative visibility curve, as well as an ultraviolet light absorbing agent and a blue light absorbing agent, the base material having a transmittance minimum in the range of wavelength extending from 550 to 585 nm on the transmittance curve, the transmittance of light at the transmittance minimum being not greater than 25%, the average transmittance of light over the range of wavelength extending from 590 to 660 nm being not less than 15%, and the average transmittance over the range of wavelength extending from 470 to 550 nm being not less than 10%.

Abstract: Crystals formed of a solid-solution of Ni(BF.sub.4).sub.2 6H.sub.2 O provide very good materials for filtering ultraviolet light and will not deteriorate in temperatures as high as 110.degree. C. They are particularly useful in sensing devices which seek to identify the presence of ultraviolet light in the UV missile warning band.

Abstract: Recent UV-lithography is required to provide a fine and sharp pattern with a line width of 0.5 .mu.m or less. The present invention provides a silica glass member adapted for use as an optical element for UV-lithography, by giving consideration to the RMS value of wave front aberration and the slant element of refractive index, which have not been considered in the art. Also, there is provided a silica glass member excellent in durability to the ultraviolet irradiation, by introduction of hydrogen molecules at the synthesis of the silica glass, instead of the using a secondary treatment for hydrogen introduction.

Abstract: Articles matters which can be degraded and disappear in the natural environment are a degradable adhesive film which can be used for surface protection or indication after printing on the film surface and has an adhesive layer on one side of a substrate film obtained from a lactic acid base polymer such as polylactic acid and a lactic acid/hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer having a molecular weight of 30,000.about.500,000, and a degradable resin composition which is excellent in weatherability and comprises 100 parts by weight of a lactic acid base polymer and 0.001.about.5 parts by weight of one or more additives selected from ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers.

Abstract: The present invention is a photochromic color rendering regulatory composition and cosmetics characterized in comprising of an inorgamic compound having photochromic property. Photochromic inorganic compounds colors the composition and cosmetics suitably according to the change in light intensity.Therefore, composition and cosmetics of the present invention can regulate appropriate the tendency in which the color of objects looks whiter when the light intensity is strong and it looks blacker when it is weak, and can always provide constant color rendering.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glass articles transparent to visible radiation, but opaque to ultraviolet radiation, rendering them particularly suitable for protecting the wearer of such lenses from exposure to laser radiation in the ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The method involves exposing silver halide-containing glass articles to flowing hydrogen in a heat chamber operating at 375.degree.-500.degree. C. for at least four hours to produce an integral reduced layer in at least one surface of the articles of sufficient depth to prevent the transmission of ultraviolet radiation through the articles.

Abstract: Light screening compositions which contain a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents H, C.sub.1-19 -alkyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkenyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkynyl, optionally lower-alkyl or oxy-lower alkyl substituted phenyl,R.sup.2 represents H, C.sub.1-29 -alkyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkenyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkynyl, optionally lower-alkyl or oxy-lower alkyl substituted phenyl,R.sup.3 represents H, C.sub.1-19 -alkyl, C.sub.1-19 -hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-19 -polyhydroxyalkyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkenyl, C.sub.2-29 -alkynyl, optionally lower-alkyl or oxy-lower alkyl substituted phenyl or optionally lower-alkyl or oxy-lower alkyl substituted pyridyl, a polyether residue, a phenylsulphonic acid residue andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the N atom can also form a ring.

Abstract: Radiation-absorptive materials, suitable for fabrication into packages, sheets, inks, paints, decorative surface treatments, lotions, creams, and gels are disclosed. The materials exploit certain optical properties associated with uniform, spherical, nanosize particles to provide complete radiation absorption, over a selected bandwidth, at low concentration. One type of particle exhibits an "absorption edge" at a chosen wavelength, transmitting radiation whose wavelength exceeds the characteristic bandgap wavelength, while effectively absorbing all radiation with wavelengths smaller than that minimum. Another type of particle exhibits "optical resonance," which causes radiation of a characteristic wavelength to interact with the particles so as to produce self-reinforcing internal reflections that strongly enhance the amplitude of the radiation trapped within the particle.

Abstract: Radiation-absorptive materials, suitable for fabrication into packages, sheets, inks, paints, decorative surface treatments, lotions, creams, and gels are disclosed. The materials exploit certain optical properties associated with uniform, spherical, nanosize particles to provide complete radiation absorption, over a selected bandwidth, at low concentration. One type of particle exhibits an "absorption edge" at a chosen wavelength, transmitting radiation whose wavelength exceeds the characteristic bandgap wavelength, while effectively absorbing all radiation with wavelengths smaller than that minimum. Another type of particle exhibits "optical resonance," which causes radiation of a characteristic wavelength to interact with the particles so as to produce self-reinforcing internal reflections that strongly enhance the amplitude of the radiation trapped within the particle.

Abstract: A UV sensor having a photodetector for measurement of UV radiation, an SiO.sub.2 -containing dispersive element disposed ahead of the photodetector in the direction of incident UV radiation and an optional housing having an entry opening for UV radiation. The dispersive element contains quartz glass with interiorly disposed boundary surfaces, the orientations of which are statistically homogeneously distributed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical member made of highly transparent, high-purity synthetic silica glass, to a method for manufacturing a blank or an optical member of such glass, and to the optical members themselves. The optical members have an absolute refractive index, n.sub.d, of 1.460 or more and a hydrogen molecule concentration of at least 5.times.10.sup.16 molecules/cm.sup.3 uniformly distributed throughout the glass and are particularly well suited for use in apparatus in which they are exposed to a high-power laser beam such as that produced by an excimer laser.

Abstract: As an ultraviolet absorbent material, ceric oxide sol which can be widely used in many fields using various solvent materials is obtained.An anionic aqueous sol is obtained by adding phosphoric acid and/or phosphate to cationic ceric oxide sol. It is a sol that can be applied to an emulsion paint. By further adding a cationic surface active agent to this sol, an organo-ceric oxide sol that can be applied to various organic solvents is formed.This sol may widely be used in utilities using various organic solvent materials, such as paint materials.

Abstract: An oil dispersion which is substantially transparent to visible light comprises an oil, particles of zinc oxide having an average size of from 0.005 to 0.15 micron and an organic dispersing agent. The solids content of the dispersion is at least 30 weight percent, its extinction coefficients at 308 nm (E(308)) and 360 nm (E(360)) wavelengths are both at least 9 liters per gram per centimeter and the ratio E(360):E(308) is in the range 0.75:1 to 1.5:1.A method of preparing the dispersion is also described in which the ingredients are milled together in the presence of a particulate grinding medium until the required particle size and optical properties are obtained.The dispersions are useful in sun-screening preparations and especially those products designed to provide a balanced protection from UVA and UVB radiation.

Abstract: Phosphorescent compounds of the formula M.sub.2 AOF.sub.5, wherein M is potassium, rubidium or cesium and A is tantalum or niobium, are prepared by the reaction of the appropriate alkali metal fluoride with niobium or tantalum pentoxide in aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution. They have no electrons in the d orbitals of the ground state, and therefore are useful in applications requiring phosphors with short primary decay times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fabric care compositions water containing dispersible or water-soluble copolymers which contain at least one UV-absorbing monomer and one hydrophilic monomer component.

Abstract: Metal complexes of pyridylbenzimidazoles are described which can be used as ultraviolet absorbers. The pyridylbenzimidazole compounds can be substituted or unsubstituted. The ultraviolet absorbers can be used to protect a carrier or to protect objects being shielded by a carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to lenses, prisms or other optical members which are subjected to high-power ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 360 nm or less, or ionizing radiation, particularly optical members for use in laser exposure apparatus for lithography, and to blanks for such optical members. The homogeneity of the refractive index distribution and the resistance to optical deterioration when the optical members are exposed for a long period of time to short wavelength ultraviolet light from a laser beam are improved. The optical members are made of high-purity synthetic silica glass material containing at least about 50 wt. ppm of OH groups, and are doped with hydrogen.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a novel compound suited for use as a piezochromic material.This invention relates to a crystal comprising an indolinospirobenzothiopyran derivative of the following general formula and its ring opened isomer. ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for C.sub.1-20 alkyl, aralkyl, methacryloxymethyl or a methacryloxyethyl; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 may for example be hydrogen; R.sup.8 may for example be hydrogen or methacryloxymethyl.The invention further relates to a process for producing the crystal.

Abstract: A chemical process for producing bulk quantities of an iron-silica gel composite in which particle size, form, and magnetic state of the iron can be selected. The process involves polymerizing an ethanolic solution of tetraethylorthosilicate, ferric nitrate and water at low temperature under the influence of an HF catalyst. The chemical and magnetic states of the iron in the resultant composite are modified in situ by exposure to suitable oxidizing or reducing agents at temperatures under 400.degree. C. Iron-containing particles of less than 200 .ANG. diameter, homogeneously dispersed in silica matrices may be prepared in paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic states.

Abstract: A light transmission type vacuum separating window for separating a vacuum area into a plurality of vacuum areas through a film that transmits the light of a wavelength area such as an X-ray area and an infrared ray area. This vacuum separating window includes a thin film that transmits the light. The vacuum area is separated into the plurality of vacuum areas through this thin film. The light is any one of an X-ray, an infrared ray, a visible ray and an ultraviolet ray. A metal or an alloy that turns out a liquid in a range of temperature of a using environment may be provided between the thin film and the support member for supporting the thin film. This metal is preferably gallium. The alloy preferably contains gallium and, more preferably, consists of 75.5 weight % gallium and 24.5 weight % indium.

Abstract: A hydrophilic contact lens is disclsoed incorporating melanin that protects the eye from harmful radiation and superoxide.

Abstract: New composites useful for infrared transmitting applications comprise a dispersion of small particles of diamonds in a matrix having infrared transmission properties (from about 1 to at least 10 .mu.m wavelength) and refractive index substantially similar to that of diamond. The composites exhibit mechanical toughness and durability 2-4 times that of the similarly treated matrix alone without adverse effect on optical properties.

Abstract: The invention is a filter device of at least two layers, the first layer of Al.sub.x Ga.sub.(1-x) N and the second layer of Al.sub.y Ga.sub.(1-y) N wherein x and y may have any value from 0 to 1. The invention may be used as a fixed wavelength or tunable wavelength filter or in ultraviolet detectors and laser devices, among other systems. Applications for the invention include detection of UV radiation in environments having a high level of incident infrared and visible radiation, as well as applications requiring detection of UV emission when no other radiation is present.

Abstract: An aqueous silver sulfide sol is prepared which has an absorption spectrum such that its optical density at 360 nm is at least 100 times its optical density at 700 nm. The sol is ultrafine in particle size and is useful for the chemical sensitization of silver halide emulsions and for the preparation of development layers for the silver complex diffusion transfer copying process or the production of optical filters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resin composition for ultraviolet luminescent screen comprising one or more of luminescent compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are individually a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, anyl or aralkyl, and Y is perfluoroalkyl, and A.sup.+ is a cation represented by the formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are individually a hydrogen atom, alkyl or aralkyl and may be combined with each other to form a ring, or a pyridium cation which may have a substituent, or a phosphonium cation.

Abstract: A hydrophilic contact lens is disclosed incorporating melanin that protects the eye from harmful radiation and superoxide.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a medium incorporating melanin for radiation protection.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a polarizer for visible light, comprising a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizing element wherein not less than 60% of dichromophore is iodine, and a protective film. The said polarizing element has at least three absorption bands in an ultraviolet region of 210 nm to 400 nm and also has a UA value of not smaller than 4.0 which value represents ultraviolet absorption characteristics. Consequently, the polarizer of the invention possesses both superior polarization characteristics and high heat and humidity resistance. The polarizer of the invention having these characteristics is used for liquid crystal display and is suitable particularly for such uses as display in watches and electronic calculators, terminal dispaly in personal computers and word processor, picture display in portable television sets, and display in automobiles and aircraft.

Abstract: The invention relates to lenses, prisms or other optical members which are subjected to high-power ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 360 nm or less, or ionizing radiation, particularly optical members for use in laser exposure apparatus for lithography, and to blanks for such optical members. The homogeneity of the refractive index distribution and the resistance to optical deterioration when the optical members are exposed for a long period of time to short wavelength ultraviolet light from a laser beam are improved. The optical members are made of high-purity synthetic silica glass material containing at least about 50 wt. ppm of OH groups, and are doped with hydrogen.

Abstract: There are disclosed coated active substances and a process for the preparation thereof, wherein said active substances are dyes, fluorescent whitening agents, photoactivators and/or textile microbicides, if appropriate together with extenders, dispersants, buffers, stabilizers and/or other auxiliaries.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in sunbathing comprises a screen formed of a sheet of thermoplastic or fiber material which is transparent to the safe UV-A wavelengths of solar radiation and the visible light range between 400-450 nm but which contains uniformly distributed therethrough a first agent which absorbs at least 80% of the UV-B radiation in the 310-320 nm range and all radiation below 310 nm, and a second agent and third agent which prevent transmission therethrough of some radiations above 450 nm wavelength, i.e. visible light and infra-red. The second agent may be an absorbing dye or pigment. The third agent may be finely divided carbon or ground glass. The screen may be mounted on a frame or fabricated into clothing so as to shield the sunbather from the acutely and chronically harmful wavelengths of radiation, to prevent unpleasant overheating, and to provide subdued lighting.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a medium incorporating melanin for radiation protection.

Abstract: Melanin is used as the absorbing pigment for radiation protective eyeware. Thus, a melanin-plastic copolymer was formed by adding a catalyst (benzoyl peroxide) to the liquid monomer, diethylene glycol bis allyl carbonate (CR-39), which contained dissolved catechol (a melanin precursor); the solution was heated for one day at 50 degrees celsius and an additional two days at 65 degrees celsius and yielded an optically transparent solid plastic with amber color and with an optical absorption spectrum very close to that associated with melanin.

Abstract: An ultraviolet optical isolater which utilizes a KDP-isomorph crystal as optical element is disclosed.