Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures of at least one dialkylphosphinic acid of the formula (I) in which R1, R2 are the same or different and are each independently C1-C18-alkyl, C2-C18-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl, C7-C18-alkylaryl, with at least one alkylphosphonic acid of the formula (II) in which R3 is C1-C18-alkyl, C2-C18-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl or C7-C18-alkylaryl; to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof.

Abstract: Mixtures of diphosphinic acids and alkylphosphonic acids, a process for preparation thereof and use thereof. The invention relates to mixtures of at least one diphosphinic acid of the formula (I) in which R1, R2 are each H, C1-C18-alkyl, C2-C18-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl, C7-C18-alkylaryl R4 is C1-C18-alkylene, C2-C18-alkenylene, C6-C18-arylene, C7-C18-alkylarylene with at least one alkylphosphonic acid of the formula (II) in which R3 is H, C1-C18-alkyl, C2-C18-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl and/or C7-C18-alkylaryl; a process for preparation thereof and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing particles which comprise at least one halogen-free flame retardant and which comprise at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide, where the particle can be a core-shell particle with flame retardant in the core and metal oxide or semimetal oxide in the shell, or a particle in which the distribution of flame retardant and a metal oxide or semimetal oxide is in essence homogeneous. The present invention further relates to particles comprising at least one halogen-free flame retardant and comprising at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide, to a polymer molding composition comprising said particles and comprising at least one thermoplastic or thermoset polymer, and also to the use of said particles in polymer molding compositions or for providing flame retardancy to polymer molding compositions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns fire retardant materials made of polymers, plastics and elastomeric-based materials comprising nanoclays intercalated with protonised silane.

Abstract: The invention provides pentabromobenzyl moiety containing hydroxy-functional compounds which are useful as flame-retardants in flexible and rigid polyurethane foams and also in rigid polyisocyanurate foams. Processes for preparing the compounds, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams containing the compounds are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: Modified lignin having covalently attached phosphorous containing groups and methods for preparing such compounds are described herein. The modified lignin described herein provides a renewable source of flame retardant material.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a resin selected from a polylactic acid resin and a polycarbonate resin as a matrix resin, and surface-treated red phosphorus, wherein the surface-treated red phosphorus is contained in an amount of 10 parts by weight to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin or the polycarbonate resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a biodegradable halogen-free flame retardants composition used for fire-safety and prevention, that limits and extinguishes fires by means of increased resistance to ignition, slowing down burning rates and the rate of heat, smoke and toxic gas release from polymers with different physical and chemical properties and structure, such as textiles, wooden materials, paper, cardboard, corrugated board, leather, cellular polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, and items made of them. The composition according to the invention contains orthophosphoric acid, urea, triethanolamine, ammonia water, polydimethylsiloxane, surfactant, which may be anionic, cationic, amphoteric, non-ionic or mixtures thereof and water.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: This invention relates flame retardant compositions containing low molecular weight brominated anionic, chain transfer, vinyl aromatic polymers, hereinafter “ACTVAP”. The compositions can accommodate high bromine content while still exhibiting a low thermally labile bromine content. The compositions have glass transition temperatures, Tg, that are predictive of acceptable melt flows and heat distortion temperatures (HDT) in HIPS and ABS based formulations substrates. The compositions, are suitable flame retardant candidates for use in thermoplastic formulations, e.g. polystyrene and ABS formulations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flame resistant composition comprising a compatibilized blend of a polyphthalamide and a poly(arylene ether); and a phosphinate, wherein the composition is substantially free of linear aliphatic polyamides.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite flame retardant which can be produced without using any toxic metal such as antimony trioxide or any halogen such as bromine and chlorine and can exhibit excellent flame retardancy compared with magnesium hydroxide when added in a smaller amount; and a flame retardant resin composition having excellent flame retardancy and excellent physical properties. The present invention relates to a flame retardant including: (A) 100 parts by mass of a reaction product of piperazine with one phosphorus compound selected from phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and polyphosphoric acid; (B) 10 to 1000 parts by mass of a reaction product of melamine with a polyacid selected from cyanuric acid, phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and polyphosphoric acid; and (C) 0.1 to 100 parts by mass of a reaction product of calcium or magnesium with silicic acid.

Abstract: Modified lignin having covalently attached phosphorous containing groups and methods for preparing such compounds are described herein. The modified lignin described herein provides a renewable source of flame retardant material.

Abstract: Fire retardant materials are provided that contain carbon nanotubes and particles capable of endothermically reacting when exposed to elevated temperatures. The carbon nanotubes may be a buckypaper. Methods also are provided for making a fire retardant material and for improving the fire retardation capabilities of a material.

Abstract: The present invention provides combined property, dual-action aqueous and dry compositions for application to a material, such as conventional Gypsum Wall Board, ceiling tiles, joint compounds, concrete and other interior building materials, prior to an exposure of the material to fire, or prior to, during or after exposure of the material to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, and related methods. When compositions within the present invention are properly applied to a material prior to the material being exposed to fire, or prior to, during or after the material being exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, these compositions have the effect of reducing the amount of burning that occurs to the material, and/or reducing the amount or density of smoke and associated toxic gases produced by the material, when the material is exposed to fire.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer foam with density in the range from 5 to 120 kg/m3 composed of a polymer component including at least one styrene polymer and from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a flame retardant mixture including at least one phosphorus compound of the formula PR1R2R3. A process for producing the polymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant resin composition including magnesium hydroxide particles and a cellulose resin and having excellent flame retardance, mechanical characteristics, and moldability. The flame retardant resin composition includes a thermoplastic resin including a cellulose resin and a flame retardant. The flame retardant includes, at 40% by weight to 60% by weight of the total flame retardant, a first type of magnesium hydroxide particles with a particle diameter of 10 nm to 50 nm, having a particulate surface modified by an epoxy silane coupling agent, and, at 60% by weight to 40% by weight of the total flame retardant, a second type of magnesium hydroxide particles with a particle diameter of 100 nm to 1,000 nm, having a particulate surface modified by an amino silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A flame retarded foamed plastic composition comprises a polystyrene type resin; a brominated flame retardant having a Br content greater than 60% by weight and a 5 wt % loss temperature of 190-320° C.; a hindered amine of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine carboxylate series, and a blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic-inorganic hybrid transparent hydrogel complex containing a polymerizable acrylic monomer, a metal alkoxide sol solution, a water-soluble salt, a phosphorus compound, a silane coupling agent, a quaternary ammonium salt, a polymerization initiator, and water. Moreover, the present invention provides a fire retardant glass assembly using the organic-inorganic hybrid transparent hydrogel complex and a manufacturing method thereof. The organic-inorganic hybrid transparent hydrogel complex according to the present invention has excellent properties such as long-term transparency, flame-retardancy, thermal insulation, long-term durability, and weather resistance, and thus it can be suitably used as a fire retardant material for fire retardant glass.

Abstract: A fire-retardant formulation for styrene-containing polymers comprising tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine (FR-245), antimony trioxide and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), wherein the bromine concentration in said fire-retardant formulation is from about 9.0 to about 10.5 wt. %, said antimony trioxide concentration being lower than about 3.2 wt. %.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel and useful toluene and styrene derived telomer distributions, such distributions being desirable substrates for the preparation of brominated flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer composition comprising high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and a combination of flame retardants which are brominated epoxy oligomers and polymers. A process for preparing the HIPS composition through a masterbatch route and a masterbatch composition which contains the flame retardants are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a microcapsule composition, wherein the shell of the microcapsules is essentially made of silica and the core comprises at least one lipophilic component, comprising the steps of: a) providing an aqueous dispersion comprising at least one lipophilic component (A) and b1) adding to the aqueous dispersion provided in step a) a water glass solution and an acid, or b2) adding to the aqueous dispersion provided in step a) a silicic acid solution and a base, wherein the addition is effected such that the pH of the mixture resulting during the addition of the water glass solution in step b1) or during the addition of silicic acid solution in step b2) is kept in a range of 6 to 9.

Abstract: The present invention relates to halogen-free oligomer mixtures of poly(alkylene phosphates), production of these and use as flame retardants, and also to flame-retardant polyurethanes comprising halogen-free oligomer mixtures as flame retardants.

Abstract: A phosphorus-atom-containing oligomer is used as a curing agent for epoxy resin, the phosphorus-atom-containing oligomer being a mixture of a phosphorus-atom-containing compound represented by structural formula (1) below with n representing 0 and a phosphorus-atom-containing oligomer represented by structural formula (1) below with n representing 1 or more: (where R1 to R5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or the like; X represents a hydrogen atom or a structural unit represented by structural formula (x1) below: where, in structural formula (x1), R2 to R5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or the like), wherein a content of the phosphorus-atom-containing oligomer represented by general structural formula (1) with n representing 1 or more is in the range of 5 to 90% on a peak area basis in GPC measurement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel Mg—Ti—Al composite metal hydroxide and to production method therefor. Mg—Ti—Al composite hydroxide particles can be obtained by subjecting a solution containing a magnesium salt and a titanium salt to ultrasound processing and carrying out a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction with a solution containing an aluminum salt in the proportions of the metal elements comprised in the Mg—Ti—Al composite metal hydroxide, thereby giving the advantageous effects that the halogen capturing ability is excellent and, when used in a polymer, degradation and early-staining prevention properties and transparency are outstanding.

Abstract: In one embodiment, A flame-retardant thermoplastic starch material, including (A1) 100 parts by weight of starch; (A2) 5 to 75 parts by weight of plasticizer; and (A3) 5 to 30 parts by weight of organic phosphonate flame-retardant, wherein the organic phosphonate flame-retardant has the following formula (I): wherein X is a trivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 3 to 12 carbon atoms; R1 and R2 are independently C1 to C8 alkyl; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flame-retardant composition that comprises a synergistic flame-retardant mixture, and a method for flame-retarding a polymer by adding the flame-retardant composition. The invention further relates to polymers that contain said flame-retardant composition.

Abstract: The flame retardant of the present invention has a flame retardant (a) component, comprising 50 to 97% by mass of a metal hydrate (a-1) component and 3 to 50% by mass of a filler (a-2) component, wherein the filler (a-2) component contains SiO2, Al2O3 and M2/nO. Here, the total of the metal hydrate (a-1) component and the filler (a-2) component is 100% mass, M represents one or more metal elements selected from a group consisting of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn, and n represents a valence of the metal element. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a flame retardant capable of providing a molded article and an electric wire with a coating, which are excellent in flame retardancy, abrasion resistance and flexibility, and also have sufficient mechanical strength at low cost.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inorganic, halogen-free flameproofing agent made of modified, rehydrated red mud (MR2S), having a mineral composition of 10 to 50 weight percent of iron compounds, 12 to 35 weight percent of aluminum compounds, 5 to 17 weight percent of silicon compounds, 2 to 21 weight percent of TiO2, and 0.5 to 6 weight percent of calcium compounds, wherein the compounds of iron have a hydroxide and oxide hydrate fraction greater than or equal to 50 weight percent, preferably greater than or equal to 80 weight percent, relative to the oxide fraction of the iron compounds, and wherein the compounds of aluminum have a hydroxide and oxide hydrate fraction greater than or equal to 50 weight percent, preferably greater than or equal to 80 weight percent, relative to the oxide fraction of the aluminum compounds. The invention further relates to a flameproofed material system comprising a flammable material and the inorganic, halogen-free flameproofing agent and to a method for the production thereof.

Abstract: Contained in a thermoplastic resin (A) are a flame retardant (B) including a reaction product of a specific nitrogen-containing compound (such as triallyl isocyanurate) and a specific phosphorus-containing compound (such as 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide), is insoluble in toluene and contains the phosphorus atoms in 5.0 to 10.0% by weight; and at least one kind of a component (C) selected from the group consisting of a flame-retardant promoter (Cx), an impact modifier (Cy), and a layered compound (Cz).

Abstract: Fire retardant materials are provided that contain carbon nanotubes and particles capable of endothermically reacting when exposed to elevated temperatures. The carbon nanotubes may be a buckypaper. Methods also are provided for making a fire retardant material and for improving the fire retardation capabilities of a material.

Abstract: Fire retardant materials arc provided that contain carbon nanotubes and particles capable of endothermically reacting when exposed to elevated temperatures. The carbon nanotubes may be a buckypaper. Methods also are provided for making a fire retardant material and for improving the fire retardation capabilities of a material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reaction of A) one or more organic polyisocyanates, B) one or more polyester polyols, C) optionally one or more polyether polyols, D) a flame-retardant mixture, E) further auxiliaries or addition agents, F) one or more blowing agents, and also G) catalysts, wherein said flame-retardant mixture D) comprises d1) 10 to 90 wt %, based on the amount of flame-retardant mixture, of a flame retardant having a boiling point of not more than 220° C., and d2) 10 to 90 wt %, based on the amount of flame-retardant mixture, of a phosphorus-containing flame retardant having a boiling point of above 220° C., wherein said components d1) and d2) total 100 wt %.

Abstract: A composite armor including a ballistic armor layer and a directly attached polyurea layer. The polyurea layer is the cured reaction product of an isocyanate curing agent and a mixture of diamines having the general formula: H2N-Ph-(C?O)—O—(CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—O)n—(C?O)-Ph-NH2, wherein in the mixture n in the ranges from 3 to 14 and the weight average value of n is about 9 to 10. Ph represents phenyl. In a preferred embodiment, the polyurea layer is the strike face. The composite armor is useful for light armor applications in which weight is a factor such as military vehicle armor and military boat armor.

Abstract: A flame retardant resin composition comprising a specified metal oxide and/or trivalent phosphorus compound (A) and a specified phosphazene compound (B) together with an aromatic resin (C) added according to necessity. This flame retardant composition when mixed into resins, can provide resin compositions excelling in flame resistance, low smoke emission, heat resistance, moisture absorption resistance, dielectric performance, extrudability, mold release, thermal stability, mechanical properties, etc.

Abstract: A flame-retardant composition having (a) a copolymer comprising at least about 50 wt. % of propylene-derived units, and about 5-35 wt. % of units derived from at least one of ethylene or a C4-10 alpha-olefin, wherein the copolymer has a heat of fusion of about 75 J/g or less; and (b) a flame retardant, wherein the composition satisfies the requirements of UL94 with a V2 rating.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam with improved resistance to discoloration from oxidation is disclosed. Such discoloration may be due to exposure to oxides of nitrogen, for example, the oxides commonly found in burnt gas fumes. The foam may be used for applications such as intimate apparel and other consumer products that need extended term color stability. The foam composition includes high levels of reactive and non-reactive phosphite esters that improve color stability without disadvantage to the foam's physical and aesthetic properties during and after production.

Abstract: A monohydroxy cyclic phosphonate substantially free of polyhydroxy phosphonate is employed as a reactive flame retardant in flexible polyurethane.

Abstract: A flame retardant resin composition in which an acrylonitrile-styrene based polymer, into which sulfonic acid groups and/or sulfonate groups have been introduced by sulfonating processing with a sulfonating agent containing less than 3 wt % of moisture, is contained in a resin to be made flame retardant, so that flame retardant properties will be conferred on the resin flame resistant.

Abstract: An eco-friendly (meth)acrylic flame retardant copolymer includes a phosphorous-based acrylic monomer to provide a high index of refraction and excellent flame retardancy.

Abstract: A suspension of a boron containing compound in the form of crystals, powder or granulate in a solvent which contain a carbomer as dispersant. This suspension is very stable, even at high concentrations, and exhibits favourable non-Newtonian viscosity behavior, which makes it suitable in a number of applications, such as for the control of fission reactions with the generation of electric power from nuclear energy.

Abstract: The invention has for its objects to provide an organic/inorganic hybrid that has high flame retardancy, flexibility, moldability and affinities for organic compounds, and is capable of including therein an organic compound having a large number of carbon atoms. The organic/inorganic hybrid comprises a layered hydroxide mineral 40 with sheet-like inorganic compound unit layers 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d and an organic compound 13 included between the inorganic compound unit layers 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d. The above objects are achievable by using as the hydroxide mineral 40 at least one hydroxide mineral selected from the group consisting of Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3, AlO(OH), Fe(OH)3 and FeO(OH), and as the organic compound 13 a saccharide having 4 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flameproofed, UV resistant polycarbonate moulding compositions with good melt stability and a high proportion of free, reactive UV absorbers, wherein the polycarbonate compositions comprise A) at least one polycarbonate with an average molecular weight M w of 18,000 to 40,000, B) at least one alkali or alkaline earth salt of an organic flame retardant consisting of diphenylsulfone, alkali or alkaline earth diphenylsulfone sulfonate and alkali or alkaline earth diphenylsulfone disulfonate, and C) one or more reactive UV absorbers, and wherein B) comprises diphenylsulfone in a proportion of 1.10 wt. % to 2.50 wt. %, based on the total mass of component B).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilizer system for halogenated polymers comprising, as component (A), calcium monocarbonatohydroxodialuminate of the formula (A) CamAl2(OH)6+2(m-1)CO3*nH2O??(A), where m=from 3.8 to 4.2, and n=from 0 to 3, and, as component (B), a catena-2,2?,2?-nitrilotrisethanolperchloratolithium or -sodium coordination polymer (B1) with a monomer unit of the formula where Mt=Li or Na, An=OClO3 and q=1, and/or a quaternary or ternary ammonium or phosphonium perchlorate (B2). The present invention further relates to compositions and articles comprising these stabilizer systems, and to the use of the systems and compositions.

Abstract: A phosphorous flame retardant primarily includes hexachlorotriphosphazene (HCP) having poly(oxyalkylene)amine substitutes. The poly(oxyalkylene)amine includes at least two end groups. The phosphorous flame retardant can further include layered silicate clay. The layered silicate clay can be intercalated and modified with the poly(oxyalkylene)amine substitutes of HCP to effectively promote thermal stability. The flame retardant, phosphazene-poly(oxyalkylene)amine adducts, can be applied to a polymer. By the cross-linking between them, the flame-retarding property of the polymer can be improved. Also provided is a method for producing the flame retardant of phosphazene-poly(oxyalkylene)amine adducts and application thereof to a polymer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a thermoplastic flame-retardant alloy and a method for preparing it, composed of the following components as below (parts by weight): 5-94 parts of ABS resin, 3-94 parts of polyester or co-polyester or the mixture of both, 1-50 parts of brominated flame retardant, 1-10 parts of flame-retardant aid, 0.001-30 parts of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), 0.001-2 parts of anti-dripping agent and 0.1-6 parts of processing aid. Comparing with the ABS flame retardant presenting the prior art, the thermoplastic flame-retardant alloy features better glossiness, scratch resistance, stronger ultraviolet radiation resistance and better mechanical property, thus making up for the disadvantage that the flame-retardant ABS is prone to become yellow on some occasions with high weatherability requirements. Furthermore, the preparation method of the thermoplastic flame-retardant alloy for the present invention is successive, stable and feasible.

Abstract: A phosphorous flame retardant including nanosilicate platelets (NSP) is made by first reacting hexachlorotriphosphazene (HCP) with poly(oxyalkylene)amine, then mixing the HCP product with nano silicate platelets (NSP) to obtain the phosphorous flame retardant including NSP. The phosphorous flame retardant can be further applied to an epoxy resin as a curing agent.

Abstract: A phosphorous flame retardant containing clay is made in two steps. First, chlorines of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCP) are substituted with poly(oxyalkylene)-amines in the replacement reaction. Layered or exfoliated clay are then added to perform the intercalation, exfoliation or adsorption reaction to produce the phosphorous flame retardant. The phosphorous flame retardant can be further mixed with a polymer to promote the flame-retarding effect of the polymer.