Abstract: This invention describes the processes of formulating heat generating graphite-sodium silicate (G-S) coating agents/mixes, and coating these mixes on base layer boards/panels to construct moderate to high surface temperature heating devices that are environmentally safe, fire retardant, and economically viable. The core to such heating devices is the formulation of G-S coating agents/mixes that are composed of graphite, sodium silicate, and aluminum silicate. In these coating mixes, the graphite is the primary heat generating agent, the sodium silicate is the main fire resisting agent, and the aluminum silicate primarily serves as surface heat control and water proofing functions.

Abstract: A heat conducting composite material includes a matrix and a graphene sheet. The graphene sheet has a two-dimensional planar structure, and a basal plane of the graphene sheet has a lateral size between 0.1 nm and 100 nm such that the graphene sheet has a quantum well structure. When radiation energy passes through the heat conducting composite material, the radiation energy is converted into infrared light by the quantum well structure of the graphene sheet to achieve high radiating efficiency. A light-emitting diode (LED) having the heat conducting composite material and capable of achieving a heat dissipation effect is further disclosed.

Abstract: An AlN substrate with excellent heat transfer efficiency between it and another member to be bonded to a bonding surface of the AlN substrate. The AlN substrate is composed of an AlN sintered body containing group 2A and 3A elements, and the surface roughness Ra of the bonding surface is 3 nm or less, and, in voids having long diameters of 0.25 ?m or more, the mean value is 1.5 ?m or less, and the maximum value is 1.8 ?m or less. A method for producing the AlN substrate includes sintering a precursor formed of a sintering material that contains 88.7 to 98.5 mass % with respect to AlN, 0.01 to 0.3 mass % with respect to a group 2A element in oxide equivalent, and 0.05 to 5 mass % with respect to a group 3A element in oxide equivalent to form a sintered body, and applying HIP treatment onto the sintered body.

Abstract: There is provided a heat storage material capable of recovering/storing thermal energy such as exhaust heat energy or sunlight, and a heat utilization system using the same. The heat storage material of the present invention comprises a complex compound of the formula (I), wherein, R, R?, A, B, C, D, A?, B?, C? and D? are as defined herein.

Abstract: A dielectric insulation medium. The insulation medium is characterized in that it comprises a fluoroketone having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention describes a nucleating agent tailored specifically to the thermal energy storage medium lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO3-3H2O), and to the use thereof. Addition of the nucleating agent copper hydroxy nitrate hydrate [Cu3(OH)5(NO3)-2H2O](Likasite) suppresses the undercooling in lithium nitrate trihydrate, forming a superior composite thermal energy storage medium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is heat transfer system, comprising a brazed aluminum component, and a heat transfer fluid in fluid communication with the brazed aluminum component, wherein the heat transfer fluid comprises a liquid coolant, an oxy-anion of molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, phosphorus, antimony, or a combination thereof, and a corrosion inhibitor. Also disclosed is a method of preventing corrosion in the heat transfer system, and a heat transfer fluid and additive package for use in the heat transfer system.

Abstract: A coolant composition for a fuel cell, including (a) an alkylene glycol, (b) deionized water, and (c) a compound containing a trimethylsilyl group. The compound containing a trimethylsilyl group of the composition of the present invention prevents the oxidation of the alkylene glycol, and thus the generation of an acid is 700 ppm or less. Additionally, the compound prevent the oxidation of the alkylene glycol, thereby inhibiting the generation of an ionic material, and thus the rate of change of electrical conductivity (conductivity after oxidation/initial conductivity) can be maintained to be 40 times or less. Therefore, the coolant composition for a fuel cell of the present invention can be used as a coolant for a cooling system of a fuel cell driving device with an electrical conductivity of 40 ?s/cm or less even without being frozen in the winter.

Abstract: An inorganic aqueous solution for use in a phase-change heat transfer device comprises an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), chromium trioxide (CrO3), silver chromate (Ag2CrO4), strontium hydroxide (Sr(OH)2), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Abstract: An article of manufacture and method of preparation thereof. The article of manufacture and method of making the article includes an eutectic salt solution suspensions and a plurality of nanocrystalline phase change material particles having a coating disposed thereon and the particles capable of undergoing the phase change which provides increase in thermal energy storage.

Abstract: Phase change materials that include oleochemical carbonates absorb and release latent heat upon changing phases from solid to liquid (melting) or from liquid to solid (solidifying). The oleochemical carbonates are prepared from oleochemical alcohols derived from animal fats and vegetable oils or other bio-based substances. These oleochemical carbonates have melting temperatures with a relatively high heat of fusion and are non-corrosive. Oleochemical carbonates can be mixed together in various proportions to adjust melting/solidification temperature ranges as required by a particular application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for the synthesis of thin multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT). More particularly, this invention relates to a multi-component metal catalyst composition comprising i) main catalyst of Co and Al, ii) inactive support of Mg and iii) optional co-catalyst at least one selected from Ni, Cr, Mn, Mo, W, Pb, Ti, Sn, or Cu. Further, the present invention affords thin multi-walled carbon nanotube having 5˜20 nm of diameter and 100˜10,000 of aspect ratio in a high yield.

Abstract: Method of maintaining or widening the long-term operating temperature range of a heat transfer medium and/or heat storage medium comprising a nitrite salt composition comprising, as significant constituents, an alkali metal nitrate or an alkaline earth metal nitrate or a mixture of alkali metal nitrate and alkaline earth metal nitrate and in each case an alkali metal nitrite and/or alkaline earth metal nitrite, wherein all or part of the nitrite salt composition is brought into contact with an additive composed of nitrogen and/or noble gases, in each case with elemental oxygen, the latter in an amount in the range from 0 to 20% by volume based on the total amount of the additive in combination with nitrogen oxides and/or compounds which generate nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: Method of maintaining or widening the long-term operating temperature range of a heat transfer medium and/or heat storage medium comprising a nitrate salt composition selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and alkaline earth metal nitrate and optionally alkali metal nitrite and alkaline earth metal nitrite, wherein all or part of the nitrate salt composition is brought into contact with an additive composed of a combination of elemental oxygen and nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: Some embodiments provided herein relate to metal particles, methods of making, and methods of using such metal particles. In some embodiments, metal particles can be coated in silica and can be used as part of a power transmission system.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to thermally-conductive pastes for use with integrated circuits, and particularly, but not by way of limitation, to self-orienting microplates of graphite.

Abstract: Agglomerate comprising a first phase change material (PCM) and a constituent having a density greater than 800 kg/m3 and forming the core of said agglomerate.

Abstract: A nickel electroless plated film includes phosphorus, boron and carbon nanotube.

Abstract: A nanocomposite thermoelectric conversion material includes a matrix of the thermoelectric conversion material; and a dispersed material that is dispersed in the matrix of the thermoelectric conversion material, and that is in a form of nanoparticles. Roughness of an interface between the matrix of the thermoelectric conversion material and the nanoparticles of the dispersed material is equal to or larger than 0.1 nm.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a mixture of inorganic nitrate salts, comprising LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3 and CsNO3 wherein the LiNO3 content ranges from 17.5% by weight to 21.6% by weight, the NaNO3 content ranges from 10% by weight to 11% by weight, the KNO3 content ranges from 27.7% by weight to 32.6% by weight, the CsNO3 content ranges from 35.8% by weight to 43.8% by weight, including the interval bounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat transfer fluid comprises: a freezing point-depressant; an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a salt thereof, or a combination of the foregoing; an inorganic phosphate; a magnesium compound; deionized water; and a component selected from the group consisting of azole compounds, copper alloy corrosion inhibitors, phosphonocarboxylates, phosphinocarboxylates, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing components. Also described is a heat transfer system comprising the heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is an article, the article comprising: a material, which adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the article. Another embodiment provides a structure, comprising: a building facade envelope, comprising a material: wherein the envelope adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition, to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the envelope.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid-metal coolant includes adding nanoparticles to the liquid-metal coolant to change neutronic properties of the liquid-metal coolant. The nanoparticles have neutronic properties different from that of the liquid-metal coolant.

Abstract: A surface coated with a coating composition to form a coated surface is described. The coating composition includes a coating matrix and a quantity of flaked borosilicate glass. Upon exposure of the coated surface to sunlight or heat, the quantity of flaked borosilicate glass in the coating composition is effective such that the coated surface exhibits a cooler temperature than a temperature of a comparable uncoated surface, similarly exposed to sunlight or heat, but that does not comprise the coating composition.

Abstract: The technology of this invention relates to an aqueous heat transfer solution exhibiting enhanced stability as well as thermal conductivity. The solution comprises silicon oxide nanoparticles, to which a freezing point depressant may potentially be added. The solution provides protection against forms of corrosion for use in applications where cooling is critical. The invention also covers the use of a concentrate as well as the dilution made from the concentrate.

Abstract: Graphene produced by media ball milling has very small particle size, a relatively high surface area and unique aspect ratios. It is uniquely suited to make nano-composites or coating by coating or admixing other particles. Metals or metal oxides can be coated or formed into composites with the high surface area, relatively low aspect ratio graphene. If the added particles are larger than the graphene, they are coated with graphene, and if they are about the same approximate size, a nano-composite forms. The nanocomposites are useful for producing electrodes, especially for battery and supercapacitor applications.

Abstract: This invention covers nanofluids. Nanofluids are a combination of particles between 1 and 100 nanometers, a surfactant and the base fluid. The nanoparticles for this invention are either pyrogenic nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes. These nanofluids improve the heat transfer of the base fluids. The base fluid can be ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol, or an aliphatic-hydrocarbon based heat transfer fluid. This invention also includes a method of making nanofluids. No surfactant is used to suspend the pyrogenic nanoparticles in glycols.

Abstract: A heat dissipation composition includes a hydroxy function group contained double-bond substance (such as 2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxydibenzoacid, and alkyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate) formed of aromatic hydrocarbons having precursor of benzene, which is mixed with a resin-based coating agent and a diluting agent at predetermined ratios for application on a surface of a heat dissipater to facilitate heat dissipation, whereby when the heat dissipater receives heat to be dissipated, the double-bond substance absorbs the heat and induces displacement to form a resonance structure so as to more efficiently dissipate the heat and when the heat is dissipated, the substance restores the double-bond condition thereby realizing improvement of efficiency of heat dissipation.

Abstract: A heat transfer medium for solar thermal systems, a solar salt, contains nitrate salts. By admixing Ba and/or Sr are added to Li—Na—K—NO3 to improve the properties of the solar salt.

Abstract: Nitrate salt composition comprising as significant constituents A) an alkali metal nitrate and optionally an alkali metal nitrite in a total amount in the range from 90 to 99.84% by weight and B) an alkali metal compound selected from the group B1) alkali metal oxide, B2) alkali metal carbonate, B3) alkali metal compound which decomposes into alkali metal oxide or alkali metal carbonate in the temperature range from 250° C. to 600° C., B4) alkali metal hydroxide MetOH, in which Met is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, B5) alkali metal peroxide Met2O2, in which Met is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and B6) alkali metal superoxide MetO2, in which Met is sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, in a total amount in the range from 0.16 to 10% by weight, in each case based on the nitrate salt composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fused ceramic particle having the following chemical composition, as weight percentages based on the oxides, and for a total of 100%: ZrO2+HfO2: balance to 100%; 5.0%<SiO2<32.0%; 2.0%<La2O3<15.0%; 2.5%<Y2O3<11.0%; 0.5%<Al2O3<8.0%; and less than 1.0% of other oxides. Use in particular as a grinding agent, an agent for dispersion in a wet medium, a supporting agent, a heat-exchange agent, or for the treatment of surfaces.

Abstract: A graphene ramification-carbon nanotube composite material and preparation method thereof which includes the following steps: step one, adding the graphene ramification and carbon nanotubes to alcohol dispersant and dispersing for 120-150 minutes by ultrasonic to form a stable suspension; step two, filtrating the suspension, drying the solid substance and cooling it to room temperature to obtain the graphene ramification-carbon nanotube composite material. In the composite material produced by the method, the graphene ramification and carbon nanotube composite form an intermixing and interveining structure to avoid the aggregation and stacking of the graphene ramification, so as to enable complementarities in structure and function of the graphene ramification and carbon nanotubes and improve the conductive property of the composite material.

Abstract: Disclosed are azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixtures of (Z)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd(Z)) and hydrogen fluoride. Such compositions are useful as an intermediate in the production of 1233zd(Z). The latter compound is useful as a nontoxic, zero ozone depleting fluorocarbon useful as a solvent, blowing agent, refrigerant, cleaning agent, aerosol propellant, heat transfer medium, dielectric, fire extinguishing composition and power cycle working fluid.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets. The method includes providing a melt composition, including paraffin and a polymer. The paraffin has a melt point of between about 10° C. and about 50° C., and more preferably between about 18° C. and about 28° C. In one embodiment, the melt composition includes various additives, such as a flame retardant. The method further includes forming the melt composition into PCM pellets. The method further may include the step of cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity before pelletizing. Further, PCM compounds are provided having an organic PCM and a polymer. Methods are provided to convert the PCM compounds into various form-stable PCMs. A method of coating the PCMs is included to provide PCMs with substantially no paraffin seepage and with ignition resistance properties.

Abstract: A preparation method of carbon modified filler is provided. The method is: putting the fillers into the reaction zone of a reactor, starting the first heating-up to 400-500° C. under the protective atmosphere at first, then introducing hydrogen after the heating-up; starting the second heating-up to 600-1200° C. after introducing hydrogen and simultaneously introducing the mixture of hydrogen and carbon source gas, keeping at the terminal temperature for 0.1-5 hours, introducing nitrogen and stopping heating after the reaction, cooling, and then getting the carbon modified filler. The above method can obtain a friction material with good mechanical properties, excellent friction and wear performances, stable friction coefficient at high temperature, good braking force and no heat recession.

Abstract: A thermally-conductive paste comprises a carrier, at least one graphene platelet, and a plurality of packing materials. The graphene platelets and the packing materials are dispersed in the carrier. At least a portion of the packing materials contact the surface of the graphene platelet. The graphene platelet has a very high thermal conductivity coefficient and a characteristic 2D structure and thus can provide continuous and long-distance thermal conduction paths for the thermally-conductive paste. Thereby is greatly improved the thermal conduction performance of the thermally-conductive paste.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for forming a nanofluid coolant and structures including a nanofluid coolant. In an example, a method of forming a nanofluid coolant may comprise combining a compound with an acid and with purified water to form a solution. The compound may include manganese. The method may further include heating the solution and, after heating the solution, cooling the solution effective to form at least one precipitate that includes manganese and oxygen. The method may further include filtering the at least one precipitate to form a powder that includes manganese oxide nanotubes. The method may further include functionalizing the nanotubes by irradiating them with UV radiation. The method may further include combining the functionalized manganese oxide nanotubes with a polar solvent to form the nanofluid coolant.

Abstract: Provided are azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-1-fluoropropane (HCFC-241fa) and hydrogen fluoride. Such compositions are useful as an intermediate in the production of HFC-245fa and HCFO-1233zd.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly conductive carbon nanotube having bundle moieties with ultra low apparent density less than 0.01 g/cc. More specifically, this invention relates to a highly conductive carbon nanotube prepared by following preparation steps of i) preparing the sphere shape of metal catalyst by spray pyrolysis of catalytic metal precursor solution including low molecular weight polymer, ii) synthesizing carbon nanotube using carbon source and obtained metal catalyst according to thermal chemical vapor deposition method; and iii) obtaining a highly conductive carbon nanotube having bundle moieties with ultra-low bulk apparent density.

Abstract: A heat dissipater has a graphite-containing flat material provided for adjacent positioning against one or more battery cells, as well as an electrical energy storage device with at least one battery cell and a heat dissipater for removing heat from the battery cell. The heat dissipater has a graphite-containing flat material and is disposed on at least one external face of the battery cell. Accordingly, the graphite-containing flat material contains graphite expandate.

Abstract: Provided is a heat-dissipating paint composition using a carbon material, the heat-dissipating paint composition including a dispersion solution containing a surface treated carbon material, a heat resistance additive, and an adhesion improving emulsion, so that the heat-dissipating paint composition can have excellent heat dissipation performance and can be applied to various industrial field requiring temperature control.

Abstract: A nanocomposite fluid includes a fluid medium; and a nanoparticle composition comprising nanoparticles which are electrically insulating and thermally conductive. A method of making the nanocomposite fluid includes forming boron nitride nanoparticles; dispersing the boron nitride nanoparticles in a solvent; combining the boron nitride nanoparticles and a fluid medium; and removing the solvent.

Abstract: A catalyst system for use in oxychlorination, the catalyst system comprising catalyst pellets comprising a catalyst carried on a substrate the pellets having length x, breadth y and depth z, intrinsic density P and bulk density p and diluent beads having length x±25%, breadth y±25% and depth z±25%, intrinsic density?P+25% and a bulk density p ±25%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for designing and producing a cooling fluid for use in a cooling system. The process uses molecular dynamics to calculate the thermal properties of one or more fluid-nanoparticle solutions, and thereby aids in the study, selection and/or production of desired cooling fluids based on first principle simulations.

Abstract: Several systems of thermally stable inorganic salts with low melting points are disclosed. These compositions include earth-abundant salt materials and can have thermal stability limits greater than 700° C.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a thermoelectric composite material including: a thermoelectric matrix including a thermoelectric material; and a plurality of nano-carbon material units located in the thermoelectric matrix and spaced apart from each other, wherein a spacing between two neighboring nano-carbon material unit is about 50 nm to 2 ?m.

Abstract: The chemical reactions modulation of temperature and dissipate heat through using phase change materials (PCM). Hydration of a mixture composed of encapsulated and/or non-encapsulated oxides such as calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide and dehydrated and/or hydrated zeolite coupled with control of pH of mixture through compounds such as Citric acid, or combination exothermic mixes, such as Cao and Mg—Fe, provide sustained heat release and heat retention tailored by addition of PCMs. The modulation may include timed/controlled release from encapsulated reactants and may include particles with tailored size distribution and different burn characteristics. The phase change materials used include organics (paraffins, non paraffins and fatty acids) and inorganics (salt hydrates). The selection of PCM is based on compatibility with the reacting mix, added reacting aqueous medium, and the desired temperature the system is to be held constant or temperature range it is desired to be modulated.

Abstract: An enhancing agent for increasing heat transfer efficiency is disclosed, which is an additive composed of a nano-scale powder and a micro-scale powder that is to be added into a heat-transfer fluid circulating in an heat exchange system or in a coolant circulating in a cooling system for enhancing the heat conductivity of the heat-transfer fluid or the coolant while helping the tank and the fluid passages used in those systems to maintain clean, and eventually enabling those systems to operate with improved heat dissipation effect. By adding the aforesaid enhancing agent into a cooling system of an internal-combustion engine, the heat shock inside the engine that is originated from the fuel burning in the engine can be reduced, resulting that not only the amount of green house gas emission is reduced, but also the chance of engine juddering that is generally originated from poor heat dissipation can be decreased.

Abstract: Deicing compositions comprised of hydroxyl-containing organic compounds and/or organic acid salts are disclosed.