Volatile Or Gas Charged Liquids Containing Patents (Class 252/8)
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Patent number: 5166375Abstract: The antioxidant is safe for human health, has excellent antioxidation activity and is suitably utilized for preventing oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, esters of unsaturated fatty acids and various kinds of products comprising these acids and esters. The oxidation resistant polyunsaturated oil is made by giving strong antioxidation activity to polyunsaturated oils, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fats.The antioxidant comprises musizin and tocopherol as the effective components. The oxidation resistant polyunsaturated oil and fat of the invention is characterized in that an antioxidant comprising musizin as the effective component is added to a polyunsaturated oil.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 1991Date of Patent: November 24, 1992Assignees: Nippon Oil and Fats Company, Limited, Nagaoka Perfumery Company, LimitedInventors: Hiromu Kameoka, Kiyoshi Furukawa, Hiroshi Kihara, Atsuyoshi Nishina
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Patent number: 5141654Abstract: A process for extinguishing, preventing and controlling fires using a composition containing at least one fluoro-substituted ethane selected from the group of CF.sub.3 --CHF.sub.2, CHF.sub.2 --CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 F, CF.sub.3 --CHFCl, CF.sub.2 Cl--CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3 --CHCl.sub.2, CF.sub.2 Cl--CHFCl, CFCl.sub.2 --CHF.sub.2, and CHFCl--CHFCl is disclosed. The ethane can be used in open or enclosed areas with little or no effect on the ozone in the stratosphere and with little effect on the global warming process.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1989Date of Patent: August 25, 1992Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Richard E. Fernandez
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Patent number: 5135054Abstract: A set of fire extinguishing agents suitable for total flood fire suppression applications is disclosed. The agents are characterized by high extinguishment efficiency, low toxicity, and low ozone depletion potential. The agents are partially or completely fluorinated alkanes having at least two carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1990Date of Patent: August 4, 1992Assignee: University of New MexicoInventors: Jonathan S. Nimitz, Robert E. Tapscott, Stephanie R. Skaggs
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Patent number: 5124053Abstract: Highly fluorinated, saturated, C.sub.2 and C.sub.3 hydrofluorocarbons are efficient, economical, non-ozone-depleting fire extinguishing agents used alone or in blends with other fire extinguishing agents in total flooding and portable systems.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1989Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Assignee: Great Lakes Chemical CorporationInventors: Yuichi Iikubo, Mark L. Robin
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Patent number: 5113947Abstract: Methods for extinguishing fires are disclosed which include the use of 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a fire extinguishing agent. The 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane may be used alone or in combination with other halogenated hydrocarbon fire extinguishants. Compositions including the 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and other extinguishants are also disclosed. The compositions are effective at low concentrations and are non-toxic and environmentally safe.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1990Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: Great Lakes Chemical CorporationInventor: Mark L. Robin
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Patent number: 5102557Abstract: A set of fire suppression agents suitable for streaming applications is disclosed. The agents are characterized by high extinguishment efficiency, low toxicity, and low ozone depletion potential. The agents are partially or completely fluorinated alkanes having at least two carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1990Date of Patent: April 7, 1992Assignee: University of New MexicoInventors: Jonathan S. Nimitz, Robert E. Tapscott, Stephanie R. Skaggs
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Patent number: 5093013Abstract: In a fire extinguisher containing a halogenated hydrocarbon extinguishant, the improvement wherein said extinguishant comprises at least one of 2-bromo-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. These compounds will eventually decompose in the atmosphere so as not to present a hazard to the ozone layer.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1989Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: Halocarbon Products CorporationInventor: Lee G. Sprague
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Patent number: 5084190Abstract: A process for extinguishing, preventing and controlling fires using a composition containing at least one fluoro-substituted propane selected from the group of CF.sub.3 --CHF--CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 --CF.sub.2 --CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3 --CFH--CF.sub.2 H, CF.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 --CF.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 F, CHF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 --CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3 --CF.sub.2 --CHCl.sub.2, CHFCl--CF.sub.2 --CClF.sub.2, CHF.sub.2 --CCl.sub.2 --CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 --CHCl--CClF.sub.2, CHF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 --CHClF, CF.sub.3 --CR.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 Cl, CClF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 F, CF.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CClF.sub.2, CHClF--CR.sub.2 --CF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 Cl, CF.sub.3 --CHCl--CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 --CHF--CF.sub.2 Cl, and CHF.sub.2 --CFCl--CF.sub.3 is disclosed. The fluoropropanes can be used in open or enclosed areas with little or no effect on the ozone in the stratosphere and with little effect on the global warming process.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1989Date of Patent: January 28, 1992Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Richard E. Fernandez
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Patent number: 5080177Abstract: 1-Bromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is a low ozone-depleting fire extinguishing agent used alone or in blends with other compounds in total flooding and portable systems.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1990Date of Patent: January 14, 1992Assignee: Great Lakes Chemical CorporationInventors: Mark L. Robin, Yuichi Iikubo
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Patent number: 5069290Abstract: A fire-resistant foam having hydrogen-filled cells for use in airship/balloon envelopes.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 1991Date of Patent: December 3, 1991Inventor: Gregory R. Brotz
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Patent number: 5061383Abstract: The invention relates to synthetic detergent compounds suitable for use as fire suppressants which contains the active ingredients of dodclybenzene sulfonic acid, cocamido propyl betaine, ethoxylated nonyl phenol, lauric acid diethanolamide, diethanolamine and propylene glycol. The fire suppressing agent forms a emulsifying film forming foam which exhibits non-hazardous properties and is biodegradable, having low drainage point with good fluidity which allows it to flow around obstructions to cover a total effected area, while maintaining its position even on vertical and curved surfaces.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1990Date of Patent: October 29, 1991Inventors: Edward E. Friloux, G. Troy Mallett
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Patent number: 5055208Abstract: Fire-extinguishing compositions of low ozone depletion potential comprise dry powder extinguishing agents and bromodichloromethane or dichlorotrifluoroethane.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 1991Date of Patent: October 8, 1991Assignee: Powsus, Inc.Inventors: Harry E. Stewart, Donald B. MacElwee
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Patent number: 5053146Abstract: An efficient fire extinguishing agent is proposed which is suitable for extinguishing fire of a burning metal such as a magnesium powder and used, for example, as a filling of fire extinguishers with stability over a long period of time for storage without decreasing the flowability and ejectability from the extinguisher. The fire extinguishing agent is a powdery blend of (a) 95 to 70% by weight of a high-purity boron oxide powder having a specified high B.sub.2 O.sub.3 purity and a low water content and (b) 5 to 30% by weight of an inorganic powder of spherical particle configuration. Glass beads of a specified particle diameter and silica-alumina-based hollow microspheres serve as the inorganic powder.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1990Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd.Inventor: Hisayoshi Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 4978460Abstract: In a particulate additive for water for fire fighting containing a strongly swelling water-insoluble high molecular weight polymer as gelatinizing agent, the improvement which comprises a water-soluble release agent which does not cause the particles of said gelatinizing agent to swell, the particles of the gelatinizing agent being encased or dispersed in the release agent. Suitable release agents include polyethylene glycol, diammonium biphosphate, sugars, mannitol, etc. The gelatinizing agent may be a moderately cross-linked water-insoluble acrylic or methacrylic acid copolymer.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1988Date of Patent: December 18, 1990Inventors: Hubert Von Blucher, Hasso Von Blucher, Ernest De Ruiter
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Patent number: 4965021Abstract: Granular flame retardant agents are disclosed which incorporate halogenated organic flame-retardant compounds, without any binders. The granular agents may further contain desired additives and organic or inorganic flame-retardant synergistic materials. The granular agents are dust-free and are usefully employed in a method for imparting flame-retardant properties to flammable plastic materials. A process for the preparation of the granular flame retardant agents of the invention by cold compaction is also described.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1989Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Bromine Compounds LimitedInventors: Pierre Georlette, Hanoch Goren, Shaul Shmilowitz, Avraham Teuerstein
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Patent number: 4954271Abstract: This invention is directed to a non-toxic fire extinguishant. More particularly, this invention relates to a fire extinguishant which extinguishes fires without generating toxic gases or compounds. A non-toxic fire extinguishant comprising in combination: (a) A fluorochlorocarbon selected from the group consisting of trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane, chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and (b) a substance selected from the group consisting of Terpenes: Citral, Citronellal, Citronellol, Limonene, Dipentene, Menthol, Terpinene, Terpinolene, Sylvestrene, Sabinene, Menthadiene, Zingiberene, Ocimene, Myrcene, .alpha.-Pinene, .beta.-Pinene, Turpentine, Camphor, Phytol, Vitamin A, Abietic Acid, Squalene, Lanosterol, Saponin, Oleanolic Acid, Lycopene, .beta.-Carotene, Lutein, .alpha.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1988Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Tag Investments, Inc.Inventor: Raymond W. Green
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Patent number: 4880565Abstract: Shear stable antimisting properties are provided to a wide variety of formulations comprising aqueous liquids through the use of a viscoelastic surfactant which comprises a surfactant compound having a hydrophobic moiety chemically bonded to an ionic, hydrophilic moiety and an electrolyte having a moiety that is capable of associating with the surfactant ion. Optionally, an additional amount of electrolyte can be added to the viscoelastic surfactant to further reduce misting. The viscoelastic surfactant can also be a nonionic surfactant.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1985Date of Patent: November 14, 1989Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Gene D. Rose, Arthur S. Teot, Keith G. Seymour
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Patent number: 4879050Abstract: The invention provides an efficient and reliable method for extinguishing fire of a chlorosilane compound, which is a notoriously dangerous inflammable material in respect of the difficulty of extinguishment of fire thereof, by sprinkling a specific porous inert silica based or silica-alumina based powder defined by the content of silica or overall content of silica and alumina as well as various parameters as a powdery material followed by spraying an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride. The fire extinguishing efficiency can be further enhanced when the sprinkled powder is a blend of the above defined porous powder and a specific silica sand in a specific proportion. When the sprinkled powder is such a binary blend, considerably good results can be obtained even by omitting the step of spraying of the aqueous salt solution.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1988Date of Patent: November 7, 1989Assignee: Co., Ltd. Shin-Etsu-HandotaInventors: Hisayoshi Yamaguchi, Tamotsu Yanagisawa, Masao Yabuzuka, Masakatu Shimizu, Takashi Tanaka
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Patent number: 4865761Abstract: This invention relates to novel composition and methods for neutralization and solidification of hazardous acidic spills. A dry particulate composition of varying reaction grades of alkaline compounds and varying grades of absorptive materials may be used to neutralize and solidify acidic spills, solidify the spills and render them harmless. These compositions may be applied to the spills by fire-extinguisher-like delivery devices which spread the compositions on the spills from a relatively safe distance without splattering the hazardous material.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1988Date of Patent: September 12, 1989Assignee: Wormald, U.S. Inc.Inventors: Frederick S. Mandel, James A. Engman, Wayne R. Whiting, James Nicol
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Patent number: 4849134Abstract: Granular flame retardant agents are disclosed which incorporate halogenated organic flame-retardant compounds, without any binders. The granular agents may further contain desired additives and organic or inorganic flame-retardant synergistic materials. The granular agents are dust-free and are usefully employed in a method for imparting flame-retardant properties to flammable plastic materials. A process for the preparation of the granular flame retardant agents of the invention by cold compaction is also described.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1988Date of Patent: July 18, 1989Assignee: Bromine Compounds LimitedInventors: Pierre Georlette, Hanoch Goren, Shaul Shmilowitz, Avraham Teuerstein
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Patent number: 4830762Abstract: The invention provides a rapid and reliable method for extinguishment of fire on a chlorosilane compound such as trichlorosilane which is hardly extinguishable once set on fire by any conventional fire-extinguishing methods. The inventive method comprises sprinkling an inert siliceous powder composed of porous particles of specified silica or silica-alumina content having a specified particle diameter, pore diameter and porosity over the surface of the burning chlorosilane compound. The efficiency of fire-extinguishment can further be enhanced when sprinkling of the porous siliceous powder is followed by spraying of water or a highly halogenated hydrocarbon compound, e.g., monobromo monochloromethane and carbon tetrachloride, over the siliceous powder.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1987Date of Patent: May 16, 1989Assignee: Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hisayoshi Yamaguchi, Tamotsu Yanagisawa, Masao Yabuzuka, Takashi Tanaka, Masakatu Shimizu
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Patent number: 4826610Abstract: A firefighting composition comprises one or more of Halons 11, 12, 113 and 114 together with 1% to 14% by weight of an extinguishant base including a sesquiterpene and one or more essential oils. Solvents and dispersing agents may also be provided.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1987Date of Patent: May 2, 1989Assignee: Tag Investments, Inc.Inventor: Derek A. Thacker
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Patent number: 4816186Abstract: Aerosol solutions for use in treating consumer goods to render them fire-proof are formulated for packaging under pressure in a valved container, and comprise a mixture of ammonium salts and an alkali metal silicate. The solution may further comprise one or more of urea, ammonium bromide, a low molecular weight alcohol, an aromatic oil, a surfactant, an acid, fragrance, etc. A method for making the solution is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1986Date of Patent: March 28, 1989Assignee: Amalgamated Chemical, Inc.Inventor: Frank Acitelli
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Patent number: 4786578Abstract: Photoresist and stripper residues can be rapidly and completely removed from semiconductor substrates after the stripping process with an aqueous post-rinsing agent which contains a nonionogenic surfactant and an organic base.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1987Date of Patent: November 22, 1988Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Karl H. Neisius, Alois Litters
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Patent number: 4770814Abstract: Shear stable antimisting properties are provided to a wide variety of formulations comprising aqueous liquids through the use of a viscoelastic surfactant which comprises a surfactant compound having a hydrophobic moiety chemically bonded to an ionic, hydrophilic moiety and an electrolyte having a moiety that is capable of associating with the surfactant ion. Optionally, an additional amount of electrolyte can be added to the viscoelastic surfactant to further reduce misting. The viscoelastic surfactant can also be a nonionic surfactant.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1983Date of Patent: September 13, 1988Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Gene D. Rose, Keith G. Seymour, Arthur S. Teot
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Patent number: 4722766Abstract: Materials are described which not only extinguish fires or suppress explosions but also remove at least part of any carbon monoxide which may remain after such prior extinguishing or explosion suppressing. Examples of suitable fire extinguishants and explosion suppressants are halocarbons such as bromotrifluoromethane. The carbon monoxide removing substance may comprise Hopcalite catalysts. Other examples of suitable substances are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1985Date of Patent: February 2, 1988Assignee: Graviner LimitedInventor: David J. Spring
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Patent number: 4668407Abstract: There is disclosed, in one aspect, a dispensable flame-extinguishing composition comprising approximately 5 to approximately 20 percent by weight bromotrifluoromethane and approximately 95 to approximately 80 percent by weight bromochlorodifluoromethane and a residual air weight at 70.degree. F. which varies inversely to the degree of vacuum pulled under constant volume. For vessels ranging in size from 127 mls. to 325 mls. at a temperature of 70.degree. F. the amount and weight of residual air will vary from approximately 0.047 grams to 0.390 grams for a 22" Hg vacuum to no vacuum being pulled. The composition utilizes residual air to dispense the extinguishing agents in the temperature range of -40.degree. F. to room temperatures. In another aspect, there is disclosed a method for extinguishing fires. This method comprises applying to the fire the above-described composition. This composition is particularly useful in hand-held fire extinguishers.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1985Date of Patent: May 26, 1987Inventors: Mark P. Gerard, Laurence S. Gerard
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Patent number: 4652383Abstract: A gelled concentrate composition contains 70 to 30 weight percent gelled liquid and 30 to 70 weight percent solids component. The solids component comprises a fine powder of an ammonium compound and a vinyl polymer gelling agent. The gelling agent is present in the amount of 0.5 to 8.0 weight percent of the total composition. The resulting gelled concentrate, stable up to 18 months in storage, is useful in extinguishing fires.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1986Date of Patent: March 24, 1987Assignee: Energy & Minerals Research Co.Inventors: William B. Tarpley, Jr., Gerald L. Ruscitto
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Patent number: 4606832Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition which comprises bromofluorohydrocarbon and/or bromochlorofluorohydrocarbon and a fluorine-containing high molecular compound.Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1983Date of Patent: August 19, 1986Assignee: Daikin Kogyo Company, LimitedInventors: Iwao Hisamoto, Chiaki Maeda, Takasige Esaka, Masaru Hirai
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Patent number: 4450101Abstract: Described are substituted tricyclodecane derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein Y is a moiety having a structure selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond; wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is methyl; wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 acyl, C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkenyl; wherein R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or methyl with the additional proviso that one of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is methyl and the other two of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1981Date of Patent: May 22, 1984Assignee: International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.Inventors: Mark A. Sprecker, John B. Hall
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Patent number: 4234432Abstract: A composition of matter for use with disseminating apparatus comprising powder having at least a bimodal particle size distribution, a gelled liquid, the powder being substantially insoluble in the gelled liquid. Preferably, a liquefied gas forms at least a portion of the gelled liquid.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1977Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: Energy and Minerals Research Co.Inventor: William B. Tarpley, Jr.
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Patent number: 4230808Abstract: Solid materials having a flash point of less than 500.degree. C. are rendered fire alarming by providing for the presence thereon of micro capsules containing a bromofluoroalkane having a critical temperature of at least 100.degree. C., the micro capsules having an external diameter of from 200 to 260 microns, and the wall of the capsules consisting of a polymer, treated to release the bromofluoralkane suddenly at a predetermined temperature to provide a detonation having a maximum sound level of 10-12 kHz.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1978Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Inventor: Anthonius H. Pietersen
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Patent number: 4226728Abstract: An improved fire extinguishing composition is described using two differing fire extinguishing fluids with or without the use of a nonfluorocarbon propellant. The two fire extinguishing fluids are a low vapor pressure halogenated alkane such as bromochlorodifluoromethane and a higher vapor pressure halogenated alkane such as bromotrichloromethane. The fire extinguishing composition is self propelled. Minor proportions of a propellant such as propane or carbon dioxide may be combined with the extinguishing composition for dispensing from an aerosol-type container.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1978Date of Patent: October 7, 1980Inventor: Shin H. Kung
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Patent number: 4226727Abstract: A substantially nonaqueous persistent thixotropic fire suppressant composition comprises a fire suppressant agent, a carrier material, the suppressant agent permeating the carrier material to form a suppressant permeated carrier material, a fire extinguishing dispersant, the carrier material being insoluble in the dispersant, the permeated carrier material being suspended in the dispersant, and a gelling agent in an amount effective to thixotropically gel the suspension of permeated carrier material and dispersant, the permeated carrier material being capable of adhering to an object in the vicinity of combustion.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1978Date of Patent: October 7, 1980Assignee: Energy & Minerals Research Co.Inventors: William B. Tarpley, Jr., John R. Huzinec, Marion K. Freeman
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Patent number: 4187277Abstract: This invention relates to quaternaries of halogen derivatives of alkoxynoxymethyl amines and uses thereof. These may be summarized by the following formulae: ##STR1## where R and R' are substituted groups such as alkyl, aryl, etc.; R" is an alkylidene group; and X is halogen and A is an anion; and ##STR2## where R, R' and R" having the same meaning as in (1) and Z is a bridging group, preferably hydrocarbon such as alkylidene, alkinylene, alkenylene, arylene, etc.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1978Date of Patent: February 5, 1980Assignee: Petrolite CorporationInventor: Patrick M. Quinlan
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Patent number: 4173538Abstract: An extinguishing product comprises a mixture of an uninflammable powder and an uninflammable liquid in which the powder is insoluble wherein the powder has an apparent or bulk density smaller than the density of the liquid, and the powder is capable of absorbing at least about 75% of its weight of water while still remaining in powder form.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1978Date of Patent: November 6, 1979Inventor: Celestin L. Herbline
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Patent number: 4128558Abstract: Phosphonic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent optionally halogen-substituted alkyl or together with --O--P--O-- form a five-membered to seven-membered heterocyclic structure,X represents oxygen or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R represents alkylene with 1 - 4 carbon atoms andA represents alkylene or 1,2-phenylene, which is optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or halogenoalkyl and is required to complete a five-membered to seven-membered ring system,Are suitable as flameproofing agents for textiles, plastics and paper.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 1975Date of Patent: December 5, 1978Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Udo W. Hendricks, Klaus Walz
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Patent number: 4067392Abstract: A method of controlling toxic outgassing of carbon impregnated polyurethane nd other radio-frequency-absorbing materials when burning or smouldering. Ammonia gas and water or steam are sprayed onto smouldering material to combine with hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) formed duringburning to yield ammonium cyanide plus ammonium chloride which yields relatively harmless precipitates when cooled.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1976Date of Patent: January 10, 1978Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventor: Alan H. Rich
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Patent number: 4014799Abstract: A relatively small amount of a volatile compound which is completely vaporized when applied to a fire and has a heat of combustion between about 8 to 13.5 kilocalories per gram is combined with bromotrifluoromethane for use in extinguishing fires of materials having heats of combustion between about 2.5 to 5 kilocalories per gram.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 1975Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Robert J. Owens
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Patent number: 3957658Abstract: Certain fluorocarbon surfactants combined with certain silicone surfactants provide mixtures that reduce the surface tension of water to 19 dynes or less per centimeter, and when foamed are particularly effective in fighting fires involving lighter-than-water hydrophobic liquids. Mixtures are further improved with certain other surfactants and use less of the fluorocarbon surfactants to provide fire fighting effectiveness of prior art compositions which do not contain silicone surfactants. Hydrophilic resins and sequestering agents can also be contained in the mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1973Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Philadelphia Suburban CorporationInventors: Peter J. Chiesa, Jr., Louis R. Di Maio