Abstract: The present invention provides: a nanofluid generating apparatus that has relatively simple construction, is capable of stably generating nanobubbles, is easy to handle and makes it possible to reduce manufacturing cost; and a cleaning apparatus that uses nanofluid. An apparatus for generating nanofluid containing nanobubbles, wherein the nanobubbles are gas bubbles with diameter less than 1 ?m, comprising: a gas-liquid mixing chamber 7 for mixing gas and liquid; and a pressurization pump 4 and an air intake valve 21 for supplying the pressurized gas and liquid to the gas-liquid mixing chamber, wherein the gas-liquid mixing chamber comprises therein: a turbulence generating means Z having projecting lines 9 and grooves 10, 12, and a conical section 11, for forcibly mixing the supplied gas and liquid by generating turbulence therein; and a nano-outlet 20 for turning the forcibly mixed gas and liquid mixture into nanofluid having nano bubbles and discharging the nanofluid.

Abstract: A liquid container aeration system for replenishing gases dissolved in a selected liquid present in an interior of said liquid container that checks on an electrical power source capability to continue operation and allows selected liquid substitution in the interior of the container.

Abstract: An apparatus for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel is disclosed. The apparatus includes a gas flow duct, an elongate central tubular structure extending within the gas flow duct, a plurality of flow directing swirl vanes disposed about the central tubular structure, and cooling water passages within the central tubular structure. The forward end of the central structure has a nose portion that includes a domed outer shell, an inner component disposed within the outer shell and formed with an internal nozzle to receive water from the cooling water passages and to direct that water in a jet against the inner surface of the outer shell to produce an outwardly and backwardly fanning flow of water around the inner surface of the outer shell.

Abstract: A device for dissolving a gas in a liquid. The device comprises a pressure vessel or column for receiving a gas-entrained liquid via an inlet and for injecting the gas-entrained liquid via a riser into a headspace of the vessel. A flow director is disposed in an upper portion of the vessel or column to form a swirling flow path extending into a liquid pool in a lower portion of the vessel or column. An outlet is provided to direct the liquid away from the vessel or column.

Abstract: A reaction vessel assembly achieves enhanced aeration or gas exchange in its gas-in-liquid multiphase mixing reaction through the use of its mixing energy and gas-lift venting, and without the traditionally practiced external line gas sparging. It combines the best of both shake flask and stirred tank reactor vessel and possesses some of the key generic features like cost and parallel experiment advantages of the traditional flasks and shaker hybrid but without their shortcomings like limited gas exchange and uncharacteristic mixing.

Abstract: An oxygen generator including: a humidifier tank moves up and down according to a horizontal movement of an adjustment knob so that the humidifier tank can be readily detachable, and thus a user can securely and conveniently use the oxygen generator without any water leakage from the humidifier tank during an operation of the oxygen generator. Also, it is possible to reduce noise due to driving of a compressor, noise due to the nitrogen exhaustion, and noise due to driving of a fan portion when the oxygen generator operates, to display purity information about the discharged oxygen, sensed by an oxygen sensor, as a digitalized numerical value on a display portion so that a user may readily recognize a current oxygen purity, and to drive the compressor at a low power consumption based on a discharge flow rate of oxygen and thereby reduce the power consumption.

Abstract: A method provides in a fluid device an orifice aperture having an exact aperture size and easy changeability of that size. While being brought into communication with a connecting pipe through an intersecting inner aperture drilled in a lower plate of a device main body, two inner apertures with their one ends opening to a recessed portion are each provided with a female thread. An orifice member provided with a through-hole having an inside diameter corresponding to an orifice aperture and communicating with a hexagon socket into which a hexagon bar spanner wrench is internally fit, is threaded into each female thread whereby the orifice member is mounted. Finally, a covering member is sealingly threaded into an opening of the other end of each inner aperture. Air supplied from the connecting pipe passes through the through-hole serving as the orifice aperture and is blown into oil stored within the recessed portion from an end opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a process for dissolving gas in a liquid is provided. The process comprises: tangentially introducing a liquid into a cylindrical chamber having a cylindrical inner wall with sufficient volume and pressure to develop a vortex in the flowing liquid; introducing gas into the flowing liquid during at least a portion of its travel along vessel, the gas being introduced orthogonally to the stream through means located at the chamber inner wall for developing gas bubbles within the liquid. The apparatus comprises: a cylindrical chamber having a cylindrical inner wall, the chamber being oriented in any direction enclosed at both ends and with an entry port to introduce liquid to develop a spiral flow of liquid along the chamber inner wall toward the output end, a porous wall to permit the introduction of gas orthogonally into the stream to develop gas bubbles within the stream, and an exit port to discharge the mixture of gas bubbles and liquid.

Abstract: An air humidifier has an electric fan unit arranged in a housing for delivering a through-flow of air between feed-air and discharge-air openings in the housing; at least one filter device for the through-flow of air; and a device for releasing liquid to the through-flow of air. A first housing component accommodates the fan unit with filter strips and feed-air and discharge-air openings. A second housing component is a vessel for storing liquid. The two housing components form autonomous structural units which can be fixed to and detached from one another. It is possible for the first housing component to be utilized as a separate unit independently of the second housing component.

Abstract: An apparatus for directing a vaporized substance into a space. The apparatus has a base with operating components capable of converting a liquid substance into a vapor, and a substance supply container that is separable from the base. The substance supply container in an operative state in relationship to the base delivers a supply of a substance therein in liquid form to the operating components on the base to be vaporized thereby. Vapor generated by the operating components is directed into a space within which the apparatus is located. The base and substance supply container cooperatively simulate the appearance of at least one of an animate or inanimate object.

Abstract: In order to provide a device and a method for increasing blood flow and an insulin-like growth factor with use of a large amount of carbonic gas nano bubbles, the device of the present invention includes: a bathtub 1; and a nano bubble-producing section 41 for producing carbonic gas nano bubbles in bath water in the bathtub 1.

Abstract: A molded base plate for use in a humidifier and ventilation assembly is disclosed. The base plate is connected to a cover which forms the water chamber of the humidifier. A thermally conductive material is used in the molding process of the base plate so that heat applied to the base plate is conducted into the water.

Abstract: A humidifier is superior in terms of hygiene, simple in terms of maintenance, humidity is easily adjusted, and energy consumption is low. The humidifier uses, as a moisture permeable membrane, a moisture-permeable polyurethane obtained by using, as raw materials, at least an isocyanate component, a diol as a chain extender, and polyethylene glycol as a polyol component, and reacting these raw materials.

Abstract: A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) apparatus to supply pressurized breathable gas to a patient includes a flow generator having a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a humidifier having a gas inlet coupled to the gas outlet of the flow generator, and a filter operatively positioned between the gas outlet of the flow generator and the gas inlet of the humidifier.

Abstract: An external gas humidifier for fuel cell transfers recycled high-temperature waste heat produced by the fuel cell to a reactant gas, such as hydrogen or air, which is guided into the external gas humidifier. The heated reactant gas is treated in the external gas humidifier to effectively increase the moisture content of the reactant gas within a shortened time. When the humidified reactant gas enters into the fuel cell, it enables a polymeric membrane in the fuel cell to be well humidified to thereby enhance the power generation efficiency and service life of the fuel cell.

Abstract: The water carbonation method and apparatus of the present invention consists of a square mixer within a carbonated chamber. The mixer is partially filled with water. Carbon dioxide is then added above the level of water. A rotating member attached to the mixing motor then mixes the water and carbon dioxide to form a carbonated solution. Varying the time for which the carbonation operation is carried on may vary the degree of carbonation. After the specified carbonation cycle, excess carbon dioxide is then relieved through an exhaust solenoid and the remaining carbonated solution is released through the dispensing solenoid into a cup.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid-to-gas contact device comprising: a liquid-to-gas contact medium which is a honeycomb structural body formed of a porous material including a plurality of through channels defined by a plurality of partition walls and extending through the structural body in an axial direction, and including a plurality of flow passages extending through the honeycomb structural body from an outer peripheral surface side and formed isolatedly from the through channels; and a container which includes a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a liquid supply port, a storage tank for liquid, and, if desired, a liquid discharge port and in which the liquid-to-gas contact medium is to be stored. A capillarity phenomenon function possessed by the liquid-to-gas contact medium is used to provide the device which has a superior thermal efficiency and which can be constituted to be simple and compact.

Abstract: A humidifier for use with a breathable gas supply apparatus includes a hollow body adapted for partial filling with water to a predetermined maximum water level, a gas inlet to the body above the maximum water level and a gas outlet from the body above the maximum water level. The humidifier further includes a temperature heating element for heating the water and/or an adjustable flow divider adapted to divide the interior of the body above the maximum water level into a relatively dry gas region and a relatively wet gas region. The position of the divider is variable so as to vary the relative proportion of the gas flowing from the inlet to the outlet that passes through the relatively dry and relatively wet gas regions to thereby vary the amount of humidification thereof.

Abstract: A humidifier (10) is disclosed having a top portion (11), a middle portion (12) and a bottom portion (13). The middle portion is essentially a water tank which provides water to be used in humidification. The bottom portion has a floor (41) and side walls (42) extending from the floor to form a tub (43) having a select height (SH1). The bottom portion is configured so that should water be uncontrollably released from the middle portion, the water level within the middle portion (MPEWL) will reach an equilibrium level with the catastrophic water lever (CEWL) within the bottom portion below the selected height of the bottom portion (SH1). When the middle portion water lever (MPEWL) reaches the same height or equilibrium lever with the bottom portion catastrophic water lever (CEWL) the flow of water from the middle portion will cease. As this equilibrium level is below the select height of the bottom portion (SH1) the water will be fully captured and will not overflow onto the underlying floor.

Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for an oval carbonator employ an oblong housing to provide an improved gas/water interaction area within the confines of the carbonator. The increased cross sectional area provides a larger water surface area, whereby an increased amount of the pressurized gas is exposed to the increased surface area. Further advantages of the oval carbonator include a simplification of the tubing bundles that are cast into the cold plate. The oval carbonator consolidates the volumes previously used by the carbonator, thereby allowing the tubing bundles to be consolidated. Consolidation of this type translates into reduced manufacturing time and increased savings due to the simplified design.

Abstract: A ventilation system for a tank which stores water to be supplied to a fuel cell, which includes: a ventilator for ventilating the tank; a gas discharge line to guide gas in the tank to outside; a separator for separating moisture and/or water from the gas from the tank; a water discharge line to guide the water separated by the separator to outside; and an air supply line connected to the water discharge line, which is to supply air for vaporizing water from the water discharge line.

Abstract: The water carbonation method and apparatus of the present invention consists of a square mixer within a carbonated chamber. The mixer is partially filled with water. Carbon dioxide is then added above the level of water. A rotating member attached to the mixing motor then mixes the water and carbon dioxide to from a carbonated solution. Varying the time for which the carbonation operation is carried on may vary the degree of carbonation. After the specified carbonation cycle, excess carbon dioxide is then relieved through an exhaust solenoid and the remaining carbonated solution is released through the dispensing solenoid into a cup.

Abstract: A carbonation system includes a vessel for carbonating a liquid, a CO2 supply connected to the vessel so as to create a CO2 atmosphere in the vessel, an inlet diffuser through which the liquid enters the vessel, and an outlet pipe through which the carbonated liquid exits the vessel. The inlet diffuser includes a plurality of openings arranged on its vertical face, such that when the liquid exits the inlet diffuser through the plurality of openings, the liquid is substantially atomized and the atomized liquid is elected in a direction that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. The plurality of openings can be arranged in horizontal rows so that openings in adjacent rows are not in vertical alignment with each other. In addition, the atomized liquid can be ejected at an upward angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.

Abstract: Passive humidifier for a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device having a plurality of chambers defined by arced baffles. Each opening between the arced baffles is provided with a deflector baffle to prevent direct passage of air.

Abstract: A humidifier for use with a breathable gas supply apparatus includes a hollow body adapted for partial filling with water to a predetermined maximum water level, a gas inlet to the body above the maximum water level and a gas outlet from the body above the maximum water level. The humidifier further includes a constant temperature heating element for heating the water and/or an adjustable flow divider adapted to divide the interior of the body above the maximum water level into a relatively dry gas region and a relatively wet gas region. The position of the divider is variable so as to vary the relative proportion of the gas flowing from the inlet to the outlet that passes through the relatively dry and relatively wet gas regions to thereby vary the amount of humidification thereof.

Abstract: A carbonation system comprises a vessel for carbonating a liquid, a CO2 supply connected to the vessel so as to create a CO2 atmosphere in the vessel, an inlet diffuser through which the liquid enters the vessel, and an outlet pipe through which the carbonated liquid exits the vessel. The inlet diffuser comprises a plurality of openings arranged on its vertical face, such that when the liquid exits the inlet diffuser through the plurality of openings, the liquid is substantially atomized and the atomized liquid is ejected in a direction that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. The plurality of openings can be arranged in horizontal rows so that openings in adjacent rows are not in vertical alignment with each other. In addition, the atomized liquid can be ejected at an upward angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.

Abstract: The water carbonation method and apparatus of the present invention consists of a square mixer within a carbonated chamber. The mixer is partially filled with water. Carbon dioxide is then added above the level of water. A rotating member attached to the mixing motor then mixes the water and carbon dioxide to from a carbonated solution. Varying the time for which the carbonation operation is carried on may vary the degree of carbonation.

Abstract: An improvement on a humidifier includes a leakage prevention ring, and two opposite supporting plates. The leakage prevention ring has several ring-shaped portions, which define inner and outer concentric annular trenches. The concentric trenches are closely mounted onto an upper end of a vapor conduit, and a down-projecting annular protrusion of a vapor outlet disposed right above the conduit respectively. The supporting plates can pivot up and down, and are biased by torsion springs to hold a water-supplying bottle between them in an inverted vertical position, which is connected to a valve of the humidifier, so that the bottle can't tilt or shake to cause damage to the valve.

Abstract: An enclosed tank with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, and an air outlet. A flavor additive cartridge is attached in-line with the air inlet. It evaporates flavoring or other additives into the air inlet. Water is forced to flow turbulently through the tank. Simultaneously air is pumped through the tank via the additive cartridge. Turbulence induced in the water encourages pollutant gases dissolved in the water to transfer to the pumped air and then to exit the air outlet. It also encourages flavoring and/or homeopathic medicine in the additive cartridge to dissolve from the pumped air into the water. Water pressure is provided externally to the invention, such as by a water utility or house water pump. The water level in the tank is stabilized by controlling the air pressure in the tank, via various alternative means.

Abstract: A dry out mechanism for controlling a humidifier is disclosed. The mechanism includes a float and a switch. The float contacts the switch when the float is within an operating range. The movement of the float can be manually changed between settings to achieve normal operation or dry out operation of the humidifier. In the normal operation, the float activates the switch based on the fluid level within the humidifer's reservoir. In the dry out setting, the float activates the switch independent from the level of fluid within the reservoir so that the humidifier depletes the reservoir and components of fluid.

Abstract: A carbonator for use in a beverage dispenser may include a tank having a first end and a second end. An inlet in the second end of the tank may be configured to receive a supply of CO2. The carbonator may include a baffle in the tank between the first end and the second end and an orifice in the first end of the tank. The orifice may be structured and arranged to direct a stream of water into the tank. The baffle may be positioned in the tank so as to target a desired carbonation level of the water in the tank.

Abstract: A humidifier for use with a breathable gas supply apparatus includes a hollow body adapted for partial filling with water to a predetermined maximum water level, a gas inlet to the body above the maximum water level and a gas outlet from the body above the maximum water level. The humidifier further includes a constant temperature heating element for heating the water and/or an adjustable flow divider adapted to divide the interior of the body above the maximum water level into a relatively dry gas region and a relatively wet gas region. The position of the divider is variable so as to vary the relative proportion of the gas flowing from the inlet to the outlet that passes through the relatively dry and relatively wet gas regions to thereby vary the amount of humidification thereof.

Abstract: A carbonation system comprises a vessel for carbonating a liquid, a CO2 supply connected to the vessel so as to create a CO2 atmosphere in the vessel, an inlet diffuser through which the liquid enters the vessel, and an outlet pipe through which the carbonated liquid exits the vessel. The inlet diffuser comprises a plurality of openings arranged on its vertical face, such that when the liquid exits the inlet diffuser through the plurality of openings, the liquid is substantially atomized and the atomized liquid is ejected in a direction that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. The plurality of openings can be arranged in horizontal rows so that openings in adjacent rows are not in vertical alignment with each other. In addition, the atomized liquid can be ejected at an upward angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.

Abstract: A vapor cleaner comprises a main body, a water tank, an electric heater and a pressure valve. The pressure valve is composed of a baffle plate, a nozzle, a piston and a spring. The provision of the pressure valve can retard the instant ejection of vapor until the vapor pressure reaches a predetermined value. Therefore, the vapor can be smoothly sprayed with larger pressure and temperature. The droplet is smaller and the vaporization is uniformly generated.

Abstract: A water chamber has a horizontally orientated gas inlet with an elongate flow tube extending into the water chamber from the inner periphery of the gases inlet. An inlet end of the elongate flow tube covers the inlet and an outlet end of the flow tube is spaced from the wall of the chamber. In use the flow tube receives gases supplied to the gases inlet, the gases pass through the flow tube and exit the flow tube at the outlet end distant from the wall.

Abstract: Passive humidifier for a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device having a plurality of chambers defined by arced baffles. Each opening between the arced baffles is provided with a deflector baffle to prevent direct passage of air.

Abstract: A humidifier for producing humidified air, particularly for use with a continuous positive air pressure device. The humidifier has an air inlet and outlet. An elongate passageway extending between the air inlet and the air outlet. The passageway is adapted to be partially filled with water so that air passing along the passageway becomes humidified as it passes over the water from the air inlet to the air outlet.

Abstract: Method and apparatus generate a mixture of the vapor of an organic liquid such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and an inert gas such as helium. The ratio of organic vapor to inert gas in the mixture is accurately and continuously controlled as required in semiconductor manufacturing. The apparatus encloses a bubbler chamber which is filled with an organic liquid (e.g., TEOS) to a set level that is automatically maintained. The liquid is also maintained at an exact temperature (e.g., 75° C.). Inert gas (e.g., helium) flows into the bubbler chamber at a controlled rate and continuously evaporates some of the liquid therein. The flow of liquid into the bubbler chamber is monitored by a liquid control circuit, and flow of gas is controlled by a gas control circuit. A feedback signal from the liquid control circuit to the gas control circuit incrementally adjusts gas flow into the bubbler chamber to keep the liquid therein at the set level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wafer rinsing system for rinsing chemicals and particles off of wafers without introducing contaminants. The system reduces the particle count on wafers by filtering the water and the gas used during rinsing at the wet bench. The system includes a rinsing unit, a local water filter bank, a local gas filtering system, an H2O2 injection unit, an auxiliary chemical injection unit, and a controller for operating the other components. The water filter bank provides a multiple stage filtering system to eliminate particles without a substantial drop in water pressure. The H2O2 injection unit provides a local source of H2O2 to clean the filter and rinser and to provide a mechanism for controlling the formation of native oxide on the wafer during rinsing. The auxiliary chemical injection unit provides a chemical additive to the rinsing unit to enhance the wafer cleaning process. The gas filtering system provides clean gas to the rinsing unit and to the injection units.

Abstract: Apparatus for facilitating the mixing, absorption and/or retention of carbon dioxide ‘CO2’ in hydrocarbon fuel to economically produce a safety-enhanced and/or improved-combustion fuel. The apparatus includes at least one mixing receptacle having at least one coupling with a controllable inert gas supply; at least one coupling with a controllable hydrocarbon fuel supply; and at least one coupling with a CO2-enriched fuel fuel-line. The mixing receptacle(s) is configured to retain a volume of fuel and a volume of CO2 such that CO2-enriched fuel having a controllable gas-fuel ratio is the product of the mixing receptacle(s) and the gas of the ratio(s) exceeds 0.1 volume of CO2 per volume of fuel and is less than approximately 3 volumes per volume of fuel when conveyed from the receptacle(s). The apparatus controls the exposure of hydrocarbon fuel molecules to an optimal volume of CO2 within the receptacle(s).

Abstract: The wall of the container comprises at least one thick outer layer consisting essentially of a thermoplastic material which imparts good mechanical properties, and a thin inner layer consisting of a thermoplastic material adapted to receive a surface treatment intended to increase its impermeability to hydrocarbons, preferably consisting essentially of one or plurality of virgin polyolefins. The container is particularly suitable for use in automobiles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dust-collecting barrow according to the invention. The dust-collecting barrow has a layer of silicon oil on the bottom thereof. The silicon oil is stable; that is, it is difficult for it to react with chemical compounds. The dust-collecting barrow has a plurality of alternately-arranged dividers. When chemical materials and/or particles are sucked into the dust-collecting barrow, heavier materials are first deposited in the silicon oil while lighter materials continuously move forward, and then are deposited in the silicon oil. Furthermore, the dust-collecting barrow is divided by the alternatively-arranged dividers into a plurality of open spaces which are used to absorb various chemical materials or particles, thereby preventing the various chemical materials or particles from reacting with each other.

Abstract: A liquid enriched with a high concentration of gas, in particular, water enriched with oxygen, is produced by mixing the gas and liquid in an overpressurized system using a series of pressure reduction containers which sequentially reduce the pressure on the gas-enriched liquid in a slow incremental fashion, thereby allowing a high concentration of the gas to be maintained within the liquid phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dust-collecting barrow according to the invention. The dust-collecting barrow has a layer of silicon oil on the bottom thereof. The silicon oil is stable; that is, it is difficult for it to react with chemical compounds. The dust-collecting barrow has a plurality of alternately-arranged dividers. When chemical materials and/or particles are sucked into the dust-collecting barrow, heavier materials are first deposited in the silicon oil while lighter materials continuously move forward, and then are deposited in the silicon oil. Furthermore, the dust-collecting barrow is divided by the alternatively-arranged dividers into a plurality of open spaces which are used to absorb various chemical materials or particles, thereby preventing the various chemical materials or particles from reacting with each other.

Abstract: A combined agitator (30), carbonator (10) and soda pump arrangement (23, 24) for dispensing beverages uses a magnetic drive coupling (28, 29). The carbonator coolant tank (15) in which the agitator (30) works has an optional ice bank chiller (20).

Abstract: An apparatus is and method are provided for manufacturing carbonated water rapidly with a high rate of inclusion of carbonic acid gas in the carbonated water and having a reduced dispersion, the manufacture taking place in a water storage container in which a perforated bowl is connected to an upper surface thereof with water being sprayed into the bowl from a water supply line. The water sprayed into the bowl has droplets from about 0.01 to 0.5 mm in diameter and from about 3 to 30% of the water sprayed into the bowl flows outwardly through ports in the bottom wall of the perforated bowl. From about 70 to 97% by weight of the water supplied to the bowl flows outward through ports in the side walls of the bowl.