Abstract: Provided are a light guide member, a lighting apparatus including the light guide member, and a method of fabricating the light guide member. The light guide member comprises: a body, which is formed as a transparent plate, including a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface; and a plurality of dimple type optical controllers formed beneath at least one of the first surface and the second surface and having reflective surfaces that reflect light proceeding between the first and second surfaces of the body toward at least one of the first and second surfaces.

Abstract: A movable mold includes a movable mold main body and a gear piece attached to the movable mold main body so as to relatively movable, and having a cavity formation space for forming a cavity. In the gear piece, a piece-side coolant flow path includes an annular flow path surrounding the cavity formation space, a piece-side supply flow path introducing coolant into the annular flow path, and a piece-side discharge flow path introducing the coolant from the annular flow path. The piece-side coolant flow path is connected to a movable mold main body-side supply flow path of the movable mold main body and a movable mold main body-side discharge flow path of the movable mold main body and the coolant flows therein under negative pressure generated by a coolant circulation device, so the inside of the cavity can be cooled effectively.

Abstract: A multiport free-space wavelength division multiplexing (“WDM”) device is capable of handling multiple optical signals carried in multiple wavelengths (“?n”) using a prism. The WDM device includes an input collimator, prism, and optical filter. The input collimator receives an optical beam containing multiple wavelengths ?n traveling through free-space. The prism uses at least two (2) surfaces to generate a first optical beam which travels in opposite direction of the optical beam. The optical filter is situated at a predefined angle with respect to the interface surface of the prism for facilitating frequency separation as well as extracts a first wavelength (“?1”) from ?n to form a first light signal with ?1 and form a second optical beam with the remaining wavelengths of ?n. A collimator is used to guide the first light signal to a port.

Abstract: Provided is a lighting device capable of implementing optical images having desired shapes through a pattern design, the lighting device including: a light source portion having at least one light source; a light guide portion having a larger thickness than a height of a light emitting surface of the light source and irradiated by an incident beam from a side; and a three-dimensional effect forming portion provided inside the light guide portion, on a first surface, or on a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the three-dimensional effect forming portion includes multiple patterns sequentially arranged and having respective inclined surfaces with inclined angles with respect to the first surface, wherein the multiple patterns guide light passing along the light guide portion into a first surface direction or a second surface direction by refraction and reflection from the inclined surfaces, thereby implementing line shaped beams of a first path.

Abstract: A process for producing an optical material of the present invention includes a step of mixing di- or higher-functional thiol compounds (A) having one or more sulfide bonds and/or one or more ester bonds with an imidazole-based curing catalyst (B) to prepare a mixed solution; a step of mixing the mixed solution with an isocyanate compound (C) including at least one kind of a di- or higher-functional alicyclic isocyanate compound (c1) and/or a di- or higher-functional aliphatic isocyanate compound (c2) to prepare a polymerizable composition for optical materials; a step of injecting the polymerizable composition for optical materials into a mold; and a step of polymerization-curing the polymerizable composition for optical materials in the mold.

Abstract: A transfer mold includes a body, a first layer, and a second layer. The body has a projecting-and-recessed surface. The first layer contains an inorganic material and is disposed on the projecting-and-recessed surface of the body. The second layer contains fluorine and is disposed on a surface of the first layer. The average of hardness values of the projecting-and-recessed surface on which the first and second layers are disposed is 30 Hv or higher.

Abstract: A system and a method for processing of optical lenses in which the processing takes place using different processing apparatus between which there is a respective transfer apparatus. The transfer apparatus are used both for longitudinal and also cross conveyance. Each processing apparatus has its own conveyor apparatus which is controlled by the processing apparatus itself. The transfer apparatus are controlled by a central transfer control.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to oxygen scavenging polymer compositions, methods of making the compositions, articles prepared from the compositions, and methods of making the articles. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to an optical connector assembly apparatus. For example, an optical connector assembly apparatus can include a lead-in nose disposed at a proximal end of the apparatus for insertion into a sleeve housing, where the sleeve housing has a shutter flap to cover an opening in the sleeve. Also, the optical connector assembly apparatus can include a plurality of beams transverse to the lead-in nose to provide a force to hold the shutter flap in an open position, and a tab disposed at a distal end of the apparatus to receive an end cap of an optical blind-mate connector adapter.

Abstract: A liquid solder resist composition contains a carboxyl group-containing resin, a photopolymerizable compound containing at least one compound selected from a group consisting of a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerizable prepolymer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a titanium dioxide. The photopolymerization initiator contains a bisacylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator, a first ?-hydroxyalkyl phenone-based photopolymerization initiator that is a liquid at 25° C., and a second ?-hydroxyalkyl phenone-based photopolymerization initiator that is a solid at 25° C.

Abstract: A hydrophilic silicone macromer composition suitable for use in producing hydrogel polymer films from which biomedical devices such as contact lenses can be made. The hydrophilic silicone macromer comprises a polyether backbone comprising a silicone-containing pendant group. In one aspect, a hydrophilic silicone macromer is of the Formula 1: The hydrophilic silicone macromer can be used to form a polymer and a hydrogel film suitable for forming contact lenses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crosslinkable prepolymer which can be used to produce crosslinked polymeric materials (or contact lenses containing the same) having a high strength and excellent durability. The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol-based prepolymer containing a unit having a pendant 1,2-diol containing group and a unit having a specific crosslinkable functional group, as well as a molding using the same.

Abstract: An eye covering such as a contact lens may comprise one or more structures to pump tear liquid under the covering such that the covering can remain in the eye and correct vision for an extended amount of time. In many embodiments, the covering comprises a material having fenestrations to draw tear liquid under the covering and an outer portion shaped to contact the conjunctiva over the sclera, such that when the eye closes pressure of one or more eyelids urges tear liquid through one or more fenestrations and under the outer portion shaped to contact the conjunctiva. When the eye blinks, the pressure of the one or more eyelids can urge the covering toward the cornea such that tear liquid can pass through the fenestrations.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes an imprint template holder configured to hold an imprint template, and a dispensing mechanism of polar molecules, wherein the dispensing mechanism of polar molecules is configured to provide polar molecules into a local environment in the vicinity of the imprint template, such that the concentration of polar molecules in the local environment in the vicinity of the imprint template is greater than the concentration of polar molecules in other parts of the lithographic apparatus.

Abstract: A method of forming a wafer stack includes providing a sub-stack comprising a first wafer and a second wafer. The sub-stack includes a first thermally-curable adhesive at an interface between the upper surface of the first wafer and the lower surface of the second wafer. A third wafer is placed on the upper surface of the second wafer. A second thermally-curable adhesive is present at an interface between the upper surface of the second wafer and the lower surface of the third wafer. Ultra-violet (UV) radiation is provided in a direction of the upper surface of the third wafer to cure a UV-curable adhesive in openings in the second wafer and in contact with portions of the third wafer so as to bond the third wafer to the sub-stack at discrete locations. Subsequently, the third wafer and the sub-stack are heated so to cure the first and second thermally-curable adhesives.

Abstract: A lens, a light scanning unit, and an electrophotography type image forming apparatus includes effective optical surfaces, wherein reference indicating portions to measure a decenter of the lens are arranged on the effective optical surfaces.

Abstract: The invention provides a material for contact lenses, including a first siloxane macromer shown as formula (I): in formula (I), R1, R2 and R3 are C1-C4 alkyl groups, R4 is C1-C6 alkyl group, R5 is C1-C4 alkylene group, R6 is —OR7O— or —NH—, R7 and R8 are C1-C4 alkylene groups and m is an integer of about 1-2, n is an integer of about 4-80; a second siloxane macromer shown as formula (II): in formula (II), R9, R10 and R11 are C1-C4 alkyl groups, R12, R13 and R15 are C1-C3 alkylene group, R14 is a residue obtained by removing NCO group from an aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanate, and o is an integer of about 4-80, p is an integer of about 0-1; q is an integer of about 1-20; at least one hydrophilic monomer and an initiator.

Abstract: The invention is related to a manufacturing method for enhancing an ordered structure of block copolymers, and more particularly to a thermal annealing process for block copolymers having conducting polymers and rod segments. The manufacturing method includes the following steps: (A) providing a block copolymer and a small molecule additive, wherein the block copolymer is formed of first monomers containing at least one aromatic ring and second monomers optionally containing at least one aromatic ring; and the small molecule additive is a aliphatic molecule, an aromatic molecule or a combination thereof; (B) blending the block copolymer and the small molecule additive to form a mixture; and (C) treating the mixture with a thermal annealing process to manufacture and facilitate the ordered structure of the block copolymers.

Abstract: The instant invention pertains to a method and a fluid composition for producing contact lenses with improved lens quality and with increased product yield. The method of the invention involves adding a Butylated Polyvinylpyrrolidone into a fluid composition including a lens-forming material in an amount sufficient to reduce an averaged mold separation force by at least about 20% in comparison with that without the Butylated Polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: An imprinting device to transfer the mold pattern on a die to a molding target includes a casing forming a pressure-adjusting chamber, a stage supporting the die and the molding target, a frame encircling a circumference of the stage, first moving means moving the casing and the stage in a direction coming close to each other or becoming distant from each other, second moving means moving the casing and the frame in a direction coming close to each other or becoming distant from each other, pressure-adjusting means that adjusts the pressure of a fluid in the pressure-adjusting chamber, and decompression means which decompresses a decompression chamber formed by the stage, a frame, and the die or the molding target, and which eliminates a fluid present between the die and the molding target.

Abstract: Provided are a method of fabricating a photonic crystal having a desired photonic bandgap, and a method of fabricating a color filter, including providing a photonic crystal solution in which a plurality of colloidal particles that are electrically charged are dispersed, mixing a photopolymerizable monomer mixture in the photonic crystal solution to form a photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture, applying an electric field to the photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture to electrically control intervals between the plurality of colloidal particles, and irradiating ultraviolet light to the photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture to photopolymerize the monomer mixture to form the photonic crystal or the color filter.

Abstract: A preparation method of an antibacterial cornea repair material includes (1) purifying type I collagen extracted from beef tendons, and preparing a collagen solution; (2) casting the collagen solution into a mold to form a membrane by air drying at room temperature; (3) soaking the membrane in an antibiotic solution, stirring until the membrane is in contact with the antibiotic solution, adding a crosslinking agent and a catalyst to the antibiotic solution contacted with the membrane, and stirring the antibiotic solution contacted with the membrane with the crosslinking agent and the catalyst added therein to perform a crosslinking reaction to obtain a crosslinked membrane; and (4) washing the crosslinked membrane material with deionized water, and air drying at room temperature. The antibacterial cornea repair material has relatively good mechanical properties, optical properties, biocompatibility, and antibacterial effect, and can be used for repairing and replacing damaged cornea tissue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods for preparing a polythiol compound for use in an optical material and polymerizable compositions including a polythiol compound prepared by the methods. According to the methods, a polythiol compound with uniform color, high purity and high quality can be prepared at reduced cost. The polymerizable compositions can be used to manufacture clear, transparent optical lenses with good heat resistance and excellent optical properties.

Abstract: A wound dressing comprises a wound dressing substrate including one or more of gas vesicles, rhamnolipids, and sophorolipids. The wound dressing can be fabric-based or hydrogel-based. Methods for producing a wound dressing are also provided.

Abstract: A vehicular camera has a lens assembly, a housing and an image sensor. The lens assembly has at least one adjustable lens and a lens adjustment structure. The lens assembly has an effective focal length and an optical axis associated therewith and an effective distance from the image sensor. A controller may be operatively connected to the lens adjustment structure for controlling the operation of the lens adjustment structure. The lens adjustment structure is controllable to adjust at least one of an effective focal length and an effective distance of the lens assembly to the image sensor, so as to control the distance at which an object in the field of view of the camera appears in focus on the image sensor.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and apparatus for providing a media insert with a Data Processor into an ophthalmic lens. An energy source is capable of powering the Data Processor included within the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens is cast molded from a silicone hydrogel.

Abstract: A film-forming composition for optical imprint including (A) a photopolymerizable monomer having a hydrophilic group, (B) inorganic nanoparticles, and (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and the composition has an organic solvent content of 20% by mass or less, contains a monomer having a viscosity of 500 cP or less as component (A) at a proportion of 30% by mass or more relative to the total amount of component (A) and component (B), and has a refractive index after curing of 1.56 or higher.

Abstract: Optical systems for wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength division demultiplexing with a multi-core fiber, and methods of their fabrication, are disclosed. In accordance with one method for fabricating an optical system for wavelength division demultiplexing, a resin is molded to define an element with a plurality of angled surfaces. Further, a plurality of filters are formed around the element, where each of the filters is configured to filter at least one respective wavelength and transmit at least one other respective wavelength. In addition, reflective surfaces are formed on the plurality of angled surfaces. Moreover, an additional resin is formed over the element and over the plurality of filters to complete a guiding structure. Further, arrays of photodiodes are affixed to the guiding structure below the plurality of filters. Alternatively, for demultiplexing embodiments, sets of laser chips are affixed to the guiding structure.

Abstract: A method for blocking an optical lens (100) on a holding unit (200) thanks to a thermoplastic material layer (310) comprising the steps of: a) providing around the holding unit (200) a removable part (500) comprising an upper part surface (510) which is arranged so as to extend the upper assembling surface (210) of the holding unit and not to contact the bottom lens surface (120); b) providing a predetermined volume of a thermoplastic material; c) orientating the lens (100) in a desired spatial configuration; d) positioning the lens (100) contacting the thermoplastic material of step b) at a soften or melted state and pressing the lens (100) so as to keep the lens spatial configuration constant and to let the thermoplastic material flow from the upper assembling surface (210) of the holding unit to at least a part of the upper part surface (510) of the removable part (500); e) removing the removable part.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an optical assembly using two ultra-thin optical pieces/parts defining the outer bound of the assembly with a solid or liquid core and methods of forming said assembly. In particular, the present in invention discloses the handling and arrangements of said ultra-thin optical pieces to prevent deformation and loss of optical quality of said ultra-thin optical pieces. The ultra-thin optical pieces can be from 25-200 microns and their structural integrity can be preserved through uninterrupted support throughout the encapsulation of one or more fluids, e.g., a saline solution and an oil solution, which can be used to form a liquid meniscus lens. In some embodiments, interlocking features included in the ultra-thin optical parts can be included in order to help create the seal and/or provide structural support to the liquid lens assembly.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lens module including following is provided. A first lens plate having a plurality of first lens sections, a second lens plate having a plurality of second lens sections and a third lens plate having a plurality of third lens sections are provided. The first lens sections of the first lens plate are separated to form a plurality of first lens units. The second and third lens plates are connected. A relative position between each of the first lens units and one of the second lens sections corresponding to the first lens unit is adjusted. Each of the first lens units and the second lens section corresponding to the first lens unit are connected. The second and third lens sections are separated to form a plurality of second lens units and a plurality of third lens units connected to the second lens units.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and apparatus for providing a variable optic insert into an ophthalmic lens. An energy source is capable of powering the variable optic insert included within the ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, an ophthalmic lens is cast molded from a silicone hydrogel.

Abstract: A plurality of regions for a plurality of optical waveguides are defined on a substrate. Then, optical waveguide under-cladding layers are formed on the respective regions, and dummy under-cladding layers are formed between adjacent ones of the optical waveguide under-cladding layers in a spaced relationship to the optical waveguide under-cladding layers. After cores are formed on the optical waveguide under-cladding layers and the dummy under-cladding layers, an over-cladding layer formation photosensitive resin is applied on the resulting substrate. Subsequently, portions of the resulting photosensitive resin layer for the respective optical waveguides are selectively exposed, and the exposed portions are defined as over-cladding layers. Thus, the optical waveguides are produced as each including the optical waveguide under-cladding layer, the core and the over-cladding layer, and separated from the substrate.

Abstract: A reservoir for catching a portion of overflow of molding material from a non-pneumatic tire mold during molding includes a tubular portion having a proximal end and a distal end, and a flange associated with the proximal end of the tubular portion. The flange is configured to be associated with a surface of the tire mold, such that the tubular portion extends substantially perpendicular to the surface of the tire mold. The reservoir further includes a reservoir portion configured to be removably mounted around the tubular portion. The reservoir portion includes a base having an aperture configured to receive the tubular portion, and a wall configured such that molding material flowing from the distal end of the tubular portion is received in the reservoir portion.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing optical elements, the method including the following processes: a process to determine the wave-front aberration for a lens fabricated using a reference die, and then choose the integer multiple of a predetermined constant that is closest to the difference between a lens design value and the wave-front aberration for the lens fabricated using the reference die; and a process to determine the amount of aberration correction that cancels out the aforementioned integer multiple aberration, change the lens design so that either the low-order spherical aberration or the low-order astigmatism therefor becomes equal to the aberration correction, and fabricate a correction die from either a first or a second die, with the shape of the molding surface thereof changed on the basis of the changed design value. Then the die design value is decided upon, yielding a final die.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for washing, with a water-based system, reusable molds for making silicone hydrogel contact lenses. The water-based washing system comprises an ethoxylated silicone polyether surfactant. The water-based system of the invention can effectively wash away silicone-containing components and other components of a lens formulation left behind on the molding surfaces of a reusable mold, after removing a silicone hydrogel contact lens cast molded in the reusable mold.

Abstract: A mold 1 includes a mold assembly 2 and an injection aid member 3 attached to the mold assembly. The mold assembly 2 includes a first mold 21 and a second mold 22 which are opposed to each other, a tape member 23 connecting the outer peripheries of the first mold 21 and the second mold 22, a cavity 24 to which a plastic lens material is injected, and a through hole 25 which makes a portion of the cavity 24 open. The injection aid member 3 includes a first opening 33 opposed to the through hole 25 of the mold assembly 2, a second opening 34 connected to the first opening 33, an attachment 32 provided around the first opening 33 and firmly attached to the mold assembly 2.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making ophthalmic lenses with an enhanced quality and enhanced yield achieved by reducing mold separation force and lens-mold adhesion. The method comprises the steps of generating an atmospheric plasma flow from a working gas and controlling the continuity of the atmospheric plasma flow with a power generator, and, introducing the atmospheric plasma flow to a molding surface of a mold for making an ophthalmic lens (preferably contact lens, more preferably a silicone hydrogel contact lens) and increasing the surface hydrophobicity of the molding surface of the mold and thereby to reduce a mold separation force after molding a lens formulation in the mold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting device comprising: an optical reflector (200, 500) which has an interior surface (201); and a light source (205, 505); wherein the interior surface has a plurality of facets (203) that form a Fresnel structure-like reflecting surface (202), and the interior surface may further have a cone (504) so as to avoid light from the light source being reflected back to the light source; wherein at least part of the light from the light resource is reflected by the optical reflector into an output direction. The invention also relates to a luminaire which comprises the lighting device according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an optical reflector for a spot lighting lamp. The method comprises forming (S01) a bowl-like structure that has an opening for emitting light and that has a Fresnel structure on the interior surface of the bowl-like structure.

Abstract: An optical lens includes a lens portion having an optical axis, and an exterior portion connected to an outer periphery of the lens portion. The exterior portion has first and second surfaces that are disposed along a direction parallel to the optical axis and spaced apart from each other, a first annular surface that extends from a periphery of the second surface parallelly with respect to the optical axis, and a second annular surface that interconnects the first annular surface and the first surface. The second annular surface extends obliquely with respect to the first annular surface.

Abstract: The method includes the steps of: obtaining lateral magnification of an optical scanning system; obtaining the maximum value of thickness in the optical axis direction of an scanner lens; obtaining allowance b on one side and beam diameter a in the vertical scanning direction in the lens; and obtaining width h in the vertical scanning direction of the lens by the following expression h=a+2b. The allowance b is a product of the maximum value of thickness in the optical axis direction of the lens and a coefficient, and the coefficient is determined according to the lateral magnification of the system in such a way that the maximum value of movement of the focal point of the lens due to moisture absorption is made smaller than or equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: Device and method for producing a plurality of microlenses from a lens material. The method includes: applying lens material intended for the embossing of the microlenses to a plurality of first lens molds distributed on a first embossing side of a first die for embossing of the microlenses, moving the first die and a second die located essentially parallel, in an X-Y plane, and opposite the first die, on top of one another in a Z-direction running essentially perpendicular to the X-Y plane, embossing the microlenses by shaping and curing the lens material, the shaping taking place by moving the first and second embossing sides on top of one another, up to a thickness D1 of the lens material in the Z-direction, wherein the lens material of each microlens at least during curing is separate from the lens material of each microlens which is adjacent in the X-Y plane.

Abstract: There is provided a rare-earth gallium garnet ceramic having a high extinction ratio and a high light transmittance. The rare-earth gallium garnet ceramic contains, as a sintering aid, 5 mass ppm or more and 500 mass ppm or less of Ge calculated as metal, and 20 mass ppm or more and 250 mass ppm or less of Al calculated as metal.

Abstract: A composition comprising: a blended product of: a matrix polymer; and from 0.05 to 2.5 wt % diffuser polymeric particles, wherein the diffuser polymeric particles are characterized by an average diameter from 2.0 to 8 micrometers, a particle size distribution such that at least 90 wt % of the polymer particles fall within ±30% of the volume average particle size, a refractive index, RI, from 1.50 to 1.55; a crosslinking level great than 4%; and wherein the diffuser polymeric particles are produced using at least one alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer copolymerized with from 5 wt % to 25 wt % crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of aliphatic crosslinking monomers, aromatic crosslinking monomers, and combinations thereof, and optionally, one or more comonomers selected from the group consisting of aryl(meth)acrylate monomers and monovinyl arenes is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin including a diol constitutional unit and a dicarboxylic acid constitutional unit as main constitutional units, in which the diol constitutional unit contains from 70 to 95% by mol of a constitutional unit derived from ethylene glycol and from 5 to 30% by mol of a constitutional unit derived from tricyclodecane dimethanol or pentacyclopentadecane dimethanol, and the dicarboxylic acid constitutional unit contains 50% by mol or more of a constitutional unit derived from a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and an optical lens obtained by molding the polyester resin. According to the present invention, there are provided a polyester resin that has a high refractive index and a low Abbe number and can be molded into a good optical lens, and an optical lens obtained by molding the polyester resin.

Abstract: Provided is a lens array, wherein partition walls are formed, using a blade, on a surface of a liquid-repellent substrate subjected to a lyophilic surface treatment, liquid-repellent groove sections formed by the blade, each of the liquid-repellent groove sections is V-shaped, lyophilic sections between the partition walls that are adjacent each other, and lenses are formed on the lyophilic sections using a liquid polymer.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a MEMS display incorporating integrated sidewall reflectors. The display can include a light blocking component suspended over a substrate. The light blocking component can include an aperture in its surface that is parallel to the substrate. The display can include one or more sidewall reflectors positioned within the aperture. The one or more sidewall reflectors can be arranged at least partially normal to the surface of the light blocking component. Light that is directed through the aperture can be reflected off of the sidewall reflectors to escape from the display at a higher angle than would otherwise be possible.

Abstract: A microlens for an organic EL element, which is used by being disposed on a light-emitting surface of the organic EL element, said microlens comprising a cured resin layer having concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, wherein when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range of 1 ?m?1 or less.

Abstract: An optical sheet includes a transparent substrate. The optical sheet further includes light-scattering elements randomly and nonperiodically distributed in the transparent substrate. Each light-scattering element of the light scattering elements includes a binding-material member and light-scattering particles dispersed in the binding-material member. A weight percent calculated from dividing a total weight of light-scattering particles of the light-scattering elements by a total weight of the light-scattering elements is in a range of 5 wt % to 40 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glass substrate for magnetic disk in which surface irregularity of a principal surface is suppressed and a method for efficiently manufacturing a glass substrate for magnetic disk. The method includes the steps of: forming a sheet glass material by performing press forming to molten glass, a principal surface of the sheet glass material having target flatness for the glass substrate for magnetic disk, the sheet glass material having a surface shape to be ground using a grinding abrasive grain; grinding the sheet glass material using a fixed abrasive grain; and polishing the sheet glass material using a loose abrasive grain, the sheet glass material having surface irregularity of the principal surface ground using the fixed abrasive grain.