Abstract: A tool for forming a composite structure may include two or more segments formed from a polymer material. The tool may further include a crush insert disposed between the two or more segments. The tool may also include a support shaft coupled between the two or more segments. A method of forming a mandrel may include forming segments of the mandrel through an additive manufacturing process. The method may further include assembling the segments relative to one another. The method may also include positioning a crush insert between each of the segments. A method of fabricating a composite structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: Manufacturing a pre-molded stack of one or more lenses to be installable on a curved substrate such as a vehicle windshield includes placing a moldable stack of one or more lenses and adhesive layer(s) on a mold, applying heat and pressure to the moldable stack to produce a pre-molded stack of one or more lenses from the moldable stack, and removing the pre-molded stack from the mold. The pre-molded stack may have a compound curvature, which may match a curvature of the curved substrate. The mold may be formed using three-dimensional shape data derived from the curved substrate, such as by optically scanning the curved substrate.

Abstract: A system for curing a composite part, includes a mandrel configured to receive and support the uncured composite part; a plurality of expandable pellets disposed on the uncured composite part; and a mold configured to hold the mandrel, the uncured composite part, and the plurality of expandable pellets, wherein the plurality of expandable pellets are configured to expand and apply a positive pressure to the uncured composite part according to a change in condition or triggering event, and wherein each of the plurality of expandable pellets includes a blowing agent, a polymer matrix configured to hold the blowing agent, and a flexible skin configured to encapsulate the polymer matrix and the blowing agent, wherein the flexible skin is at least partially permeable with respect to the blowing agent or a gas released by the blowing agent.

Abstract: An in-plane metal microneedle array and a manufacturing method therefor is disclosed. A large-size metal sheet is cut into small metal sheets. Inner sides of the upper and the lower cover plates of the tooling are provided with grooves matched with the sizes of the small metal sheets. Through holes are formed at edges around the cover plates. The metal sheets are placed in the grooves and fastened through bolts. The geometry and the size of a sheet microneedle array are designed, and a CAD model of the plane microneedles is built. A wire path is cut according to the CAD model. A few materials are reserved on both sides of substrates of the microneedle array without cutting. The unprocessed parts on both sides of the microneedle substrate are cut to obtain an in-plane metal microneedle array with a plurality of microneedle bodies.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a secondary imaging optical lithography method and apparatus.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing at least two mechanical parts to be arranged in a timepiece mechanism including magnetised functional areas having antagonistic polarities, the parts being arranged in a timepiece mechanism to cooperate with each other in relative displacement, the method including a step of constructing a blank of each of the two parts including at least one functional area from which the parts are able to cooperate with each other and a step of obtaining each of the parts including a sub-step of transforming said at least one functional area of the blank of each of these parts into a magnetised functional area from which emanates a magnetic field, at least one feature of which is configured so that this magnetic field participates in achieving a separation of the magnetised functional areas of the two parts when they are in a stop position in the mechanism.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a mechanical timepiece part (1) including at least one functional area (2) wherein a lubricant (9) is able to be confined, the method including a step (10) of constructing a blank of the part (1) including the at least one functional area (2) and a step of transforming (12) the at least one functional area (2) into a magnetised functional area (2) capable of cooperating with the lubricant (9) when it has magnetic properties.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing machine (910) includes a build platform (908) extending within a horizontal plane (H) and a gantry (930) positioned above the build platform (908) and defining a build area (932). A build unit (920) includes a powder dispenser (906) for discharging a layer of additive powder (902) and an energy source (922) for selectively directing energy toward the layer of additive powder (902) to fuse portions of the layer of additive powder (902). The gantry (930) movably supports the build unit (920) within the build area and a powder supply system (900) is positioned below the gantry (930) and extends between a powder supply source (940) and the powder dispenser (906).

Abstract: A footbed for use in footwear is provided. The footbed assembly includes a resilient, flexible material (e.g. EVA or PU foam) that extends the entire length of the footbed. a heel plate made from a material that is more rigid (plastic, carbon fiber) than the resilient foam attaches to the flexible material. The shape of the resilient footbed defines a geometry that provides support and comfort to the user by reducing peak pressures, improving cushioning, and enhancing foot support. The resilient foam and heel plate defines the shape of the midfoot R2 and rearfoot R1 of the footbed while the resilient flexible foam continues forward to define the shape of the forefoot R3 region of the footbed.

Abstract: A functional polymeric cutting edge structure and methods for manufacturing cutting edge structures using polymeric materials are provided. A razor blade for use in a razor cartridge or a blade box for assembly in a razor cartridge frame may be formed using the present invention.

Abstract: A composite structure of a cargo body and a method of making the same are disclosed. The composite structure includes at least one electrical grid embedded within fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) layers. The embedded electrical grid includes a plurality of conductive fibers and a plurality of insulating fibers integrated into a polymer matrix of the FRP layers. The embedded electrical grid may be used for power distribution, structural strengthening and stiffness, and/or puncture detection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are water-soluble microneedle spicules for scrubs and a non-aqueous cosmetic composition containing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to water-soluble microneedle spicules for scrubs, which are in the shape of a triangular pyramid or sexangular pyramid and characterized in that at least any one among the interior angles of the pyramid base of the spicules for scrubs is 90 degrees or less; and a non-aqueous cosmetic composition containing the same.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs stored on a computer-readable storage medium, for performing hybrid additive manufacturing. In some implementations, a hybrid additive manufacturing system causes a three-dimensional printer to print a sheet of material that includes printed features on one side of the sheet, each printed feature having a structural characteristic that is different from structural characteristics of a majority of the sheet. The system causes a molding machine to form the sheet using a mold, where at least one printed feature corresponds with an area of the mold at which the sheet deforms while being formed.

Abstract: The moldability of the stator of an axial gap type rotating electric machine improved. The axial gap type rotating electric machine has: a stator comprising core members disposed about a rotating shaft in a ring shape with a predetermined space from adjacent core members, said core members each having a core around which a coil is wound, the number of the turns of the coil being less on the outer perimeter side than on the inner perimeter side, the core members being molded with mold material; and a rotor facing an end surface of the core in the shaft direction through a predetermined gap. The core members comprise: a first core member in which the number of coil winding layers on one side in the shaft direction is larger than the number of winding layers on the other side; and a second core member in which the number of coil winding layers on one side in the shaft direction is less than the number of winding layers on the other side.

Abstract: A method and mould system for manufacturing at least a root section of a wind turbine blade is described. The method and system utilise a mould inlay which is arranged on top of a mould surface of a mould part so as to change the radius of curvature of the mould part and thereby also the diameter of a root section manufactured via the mould part and mould inlay. Further, blades manufactured via the method and mould system are described.

Abstract: An appliance includes an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are engaged to define an insulating cavity therebetween, and wherein the inner shell includes an inner surface that defines an interior cavity. An insulation member includes a plurality of layers, each layer of the plurality of layers including an insulative sheet defining first and second surfaces and a plurality of microspheres at least partially disposed within the insulative sheet, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of microspheres extends outward from each of the first and second surfaces to define a plurality of protrusions, and wherein the engagement of two adjacent layers of the plurality of layers causes a portion of the plurality of protrusions to engage and define a plurality of insulating air pockets between the adjacent layers.

Abstract: A method of setting a shaping machine includes identifying values for setting parameters, which setting parameters at least partially establish control of controllable components of the shaping machine during the shaping process. A plurality of simulations of the shaping process are performed on the basis of a first parameter and a second parameter. The first parameter describes physical factors of the shaping process. The second parameter is suitable as a basis for at least one of the setting parameters of the shaping machine. The simulation is carried out on the basis of various combinations of values of the first parameter and the second parameter. Values of at least one quality parameter are calculated from results of the simulations for the various combinations of values of the first parameter and the second parameter.

Abstract: Provided is a curable composition which has chargeability into silicone molds and curability at excellent levels, less causes the silicone molds to swell, and allows the silicone molds to have better durability and a longer service life in repeated use. The curable composition according to the present invention contains curable compounds and a cationic initiator and is used for production of an optical component by molding using silicone molds. The curable compounds include (A) a cycloaliphatic epoxy compound in a content of 10 weight percent or more of the totality of all the curable compounds contained in the curable composition. Of the totality of all the curable compounds contained in the curable composition, 10 to 50 weight percent is a curable compound or compounds having a molecular weight of 400 or more.

Abstract: Methods of printing a three-dimensional object using co-reactive components are disclosed. Thermosetting compositions for three-dimensional printing are also enclosed.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing at least a portion of an upper for an article of footwear that include thermo-forming a pattern on the upper. The methods may include disposing a skin for forming an upper over and inflatable bladder and disposing a mold insert between the skin and a surface of a mold cavity. The mold insert may include a mold pattern including surface features formed in the mold insert. The inflatable bladder may be inflated such that the skin is pressed against the mold insert within a heated mold cavity to form a pattern on an exterior surface of the skin and cause the skin to take on the shape of at least a portion of an upper. In some embodiments, the surface features may be disposed in a gradient pattern configured to provide varying degrees of one or more characteristics to different areas of an upper.

Abstract: The present invention is a printing device using multiple inks and a printing method using thereof, and more specifically, relates to a three-dimensional printing method of a printed product with a cross-sectional pattern comprising a step of providing different inks into each partitioned spaces and applying the same pressure condition to the inks retained in the ink-receiving part, thereby extruding the inks into a single extruding port to prepare and print an extruded ink product, using the printing device comprising an ink extruding member comprising an ink-receiving part receiving the multiple inks in each partitioned space, and an ink-extruding part equipped with a single passage in which the multiple inks received in the ink-receiving part are passed together.

Abstract: A tire vulcanization mold including a sector mold divided into a plurality of pieces along a circumferential direction of a green tire, the sector mold configured to vulcanization mold a tread portion of the green tire into a predetermined shape, and an upper mold and a lower mold disposed on both sides of the green tire so as to sandwich the green tire therebetween in an axial direction of the green tire, the upper mold and lower mold configured to vulcanization mold a side portion of the green tire into a predetermined shape. The sector mold has a weir portion in a vicinity of a fitting portion between the sector mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifouling film that is excellent in antifouling properties, adhesion, rubbing resistance, and reliability, and reduces fingerprint emergence at high humidity. The antifouling film includes a substrate; and a polymer layer disposed on a surface of the substrate and including on a surface thereof an uneven structure provided with projections at a pitch not longer than a wavelength of visible light, the polymer layer being a cured product of a polymerizable composition, the polymerizable composition containing, in terms of active components, 20 to 90 wt % of a polyfunctional acrylate containing an ethylene oxide group, 5 to 25 wt % of a monofunctional amide monomer, and 0.5 to 10 wt % of a fluorine-based release agent, the polymerizable composition containing, in terms of active components, a total of 40 to 65 wt % of the ethylene oxide group in the polyfunctional acrylate and the monofunctional amide monomer.

Abstract: Provided are a microneedle template including: a substrate on which at least one microneedle shapes are formed; and a diamond layer formed on the surface of the at least one microneedle shapes, a method for preparing the microneedle template, a microneedle prepared using the microneedle template, and a method for preparing the microneedle.

Abstract: A core forming device is equipped with a kneading tank in which raw materials of a core are kneaded, a raw material supply unit that supplies the raw materials to the kneading tank, a mold that accommodates a kneaded material including the raw materials kneaded in the kneading tank and that forms the core, a piston that injects the kneaded material into the mold, a position sensor that detects a position of the piston, and a control unit that controls a supply amount of the raw materials supplied to the kneading tank from the raw material supply unit. The control unit determines the supply amount of the raw materials based on a difference between the position of the piston upon completion of injection and a reference position of the piston.

Abstract: This disclosure provides various systems and methods for three-dimensional printing in which data describing an object as a plurality of voxels is transferred as a print material to form the three-dimensional object independent of locking. That is, various systems and methods are provided herein in which the three-dimensional printing step is to transfer data representing various voxels into a corresponding physical object via a three-dimensional printer. The first step is repeated until all of the voxels are printed without waiting for any of the voxels of print material to lock. Accordingly, the three-dimensional printer can be used to print at least one subsequent object while the first object finishes locking.

Abstract: A mold stack for a mold comprises a mold core configured for reception in a mold cavity plate with an outer molding surface. The mold core comprises an inner core with a first tapered guide surface and an outer core with a second tapered guide surface. The inner core is received through a passage in the outer core. A spacer slidably supports the outer core on the inner core. The outer core is movable relative to the inner core between a molding position in which the inner and outer cores define a mold cavity with the outer molding surface, and an open position in which the outer core is extended relative to the inner core. In the molding position, the first and second tapered guide surfaces engage one another to align the inner and outer cores.

Abstract: A method and system may be provided for determining a set of parameters for preparing a skin for assembly to a substructure. The skin may be nondestructively inspected to gather a data set relating to the skin thickness. Sets of as-built thickness values for the skin and of deviations from a nominal map of the skin thickness may be calculated. A mating area for the skin and substructure and a set of one or more locations for fastener holes in the mating area may be determined. A set of parameters for the one or more fastener holes and a set of one or more fastener lengths may be generated using the deviations. A tool may cut the one or more fastener holes using the set of parameters and the skin and substructure may be fastened using fasteners selected according to the generated set of one or more fastener lengths.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a mold (10) intended to form a slab from a mixture of agglomerate comprising the steps of depositing over the mold surfaces a sheet (15) of PVA-based plastic material so as to form with it a surface for subsequent contact with the mixture introduced into the mold for forming the slab, whereby in at least some areas a layer (14) of a fluid agent containing PVA in a solution is interposed between the sheet (15) and the mold surfaces. A plant for carrying out the method and a method for production of a slab are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electronic component having an electromagnetic shield, comprising: a bonding step of bonding a temporary protective material on a workpiece with unevenness on the surface thereof; a photocuring step of curing the temporary protective material by light irradiation; a icing step of singulating the workpiece and the temporary protective material; a shielding step of forming a metal film on the portion of the singulated workpiece, the portion having no temporary protective material bonded thereon; and a peeling step of peeling the temporary protective material from the workpiece having the metal film formed, wherein the temporary protective material is formed from a resin composition for temporary protection with an elastic modulus at 25° C. of 3 MPa or less and an elastic modulus at 25° C. of 40 MPa or more after light irradiation with an exposure dose of 500 mJ/cm2 or more.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing foamed sand (s) for forming a sand mold. The foamed sand (s) includes sand particles (p) and foam (f) adhering to surfaces of the sand particles (p). The foam (f) contains water glass (b), water (w), and a surfactant (c). According to the method, an aqueous surfactant solution (e) in which the surfactant (c) is dissolved is frothed to generate froth (d) from the aqueous surfactant solution (e). Then, the generated froth (d), the water glass (b), and the water (w) are kneaded with the sand constituted by the sand particles (p).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an elastomeric grained skin which comprises at least an elastomeric skin layer and a coating layer overlying the skin layer. The skin has at least a portion which hasa grained surface, which comprises at least one elastomeric skin layer and which has at least one coating layer overlying the skin layer. To produce the skin a coating composition is applied onto at least a portion of a mould surface, which portion is grained, to produce said coating layer; and the elastomeric skin layer is moulded at least against a back side of said coating layer to produce said portion of the elastomeric skin. In order to accent the grain texture so that it stands out more clearly and so that the visibility thereof is less dependent on the direction of the incident light and the position of the viewer use is made of a coating composition which comprises effect pigment particles contained in a transparent or translucent medium.

Abstract: [Object] It is an object to provide a method for forming a three-dimensional object that suppresses generation of streaks on the three-dimensional object, which streaks are parallel to a main scanning direction. [Means of Realizing the Object] A method for forming a three-dimensional object includes a slice information calculation step (step ST23) of dividing three-dimensional data of the three-dimensional object into a plurality of layers so as to calculate cross-sectional slice information of each of the layers; and a unit-layer formation step (step ST27) of forming each of the layers based on the cross-sectional slice information. The unit-layer formation step (step ST27) is repeated a plurality of times. The unit-layer formation step (step ST27) includes a printing step (step ST27A) of extruding inks onto a work surface while moving the extruders in the main scanning direction so as to form a single print path.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are disclosed for making patterning tools from one or more discrete elements. Such tools can have one or more “seams” or joints where the individual elements abut which can limit the tools' performance and utility in roll-to-roll manufacturing. Methods are described herein for producing “near-seamless” tools, that is, tools having seams that exhibit minimum disruption of the tool pattern and thus improved material produced by such tools. The patterning tools can be cylindrical and/or closed in shape.

Abstract: A one-shot molding apparatus and method press-mold a trim component body between upper and lower molds, and injection-mold a plastic rim onto an edge of the trim component body using an additional edge molding tool, in a single molding apparatus in a single molding cycle. The edge molding tool may have a cutting edge that cooperates with a counter edge on the upper or lower mold to remove excess material and form a precise cut edge of the trim component body before forming the molded rim. The edge molding tool is movable relative to the upper and lower molds in a direction parallel or perpendicular or oblique relative to a motion direction of the upper and lower molds. Additional movable nested tools can be provided on the upper and/or lower mold to achieve greater adaptability of the injection-molding cavity. The rim can be molded onto the cut edge, and molded around the edge onto the back and/or front side of the trim component body.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a vehicle control surface includes generating, using an electronic controller, a three-dimensional plan for the vehicle control surface. The three-dimensional plan includes, at least, non-vehicular support structure dimensions, for a non-vehicular support structure, and skin dimensions for a skin. The method further includes configuring the dimensions of the non-vehicular support structure based on build environment characteristics associated with an additive manufacturing process of the control surface. The additive manufacturing process is based on the three-dimensional plan. The method further includes fabricating the vehicle control surface, using the additive manufacturing process, based on the three-dimensional plan.

Abstract: A plastic glazing of a tailgate of a vehicle is provided, the plastic glazing comprising: a translucent component, wherein a portion of the translucent component forms a rear window of the vehicle; a non-transparent component molded onto the translucent component, wherein an overlapping portion of the translucent component and the non-transparent component forms a blackout region proximate to the rear window, wherein the plastic glazing is of one-piece molded plastic construction, wherein the translucent component comprises a first textured surface in a region adjacent to the blackout region, where the first textured surface is configured to conceal a component of the vehicle.

Abstract: Solid polymer objects have size at least 0.5 mm in each of three orthogonal dimensions and shape such that each object has one or more edges, points or corners and/or has a plurality of projections which extend out from a core portion. Such objects may be included in a drilling fluid as a lost circulation additive intended to bridge fractures and mitigate fluid loss. Their angular shape features make it harder for them to slide over fracture faces or each other and helps them to bridge a fracture. A method of making these objects provides a travelling endless belt made of elastomer and defining mould cavities. The mould cavities are filled with a polyerisable liquid composition, which is cured in the mould as the belt advances, and the cured objects are ejected from a mould as the belt bends around a roller.

Abstract: The disclosure describes techniques for forming a surface layer of an article including a CMC using a cast. In some examples, the surface layer includes three-dimensional surface features, which may increase adhesion between the CMC and a coating on the CMC. In some examples, the surface layer may include excess material, with or without three-dimensional surface features, which is on the CMC. The excess material may be machined to remove some of the excess material and facilitate conforming the article to dimensional tolerances, e.g., for fitting the article to another component. The excess material may reduce a likelihood that the CMC (e.g., reinforcement material in the CMC) is damaged by the machining.

Abstract: A patient-specific porous metal prosthesis and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The orthopedic prosthesis may be metallic to provide adequate strength and stability. Also, the orthopedic prosthesis may be porous to promote bone ingrowth.

Abstract: A method for producing molded parts (16), a water-soluble casting mold (6) being produced in a first step using a layering method, in particular using a powder bed-based layering method. In a second step, the surface of the casting mold (6) is sealed with the aid of a material (9; 10). A casting of the molded part (16) is then formed by filling the casting mold (6) with a free-flowing, hardenable material (13), in particular a hydraulically setting material. After the casting has solidified, the casting mold (6) is dissolved with the aid of an aqueous solution (18), in particular a heated aqueous solution (18). The present application furthermore relates to a material system for producing a water-soluble casting mold (6), comprising at least one water-soluble material for building a casting mold (6) in a layering method, as well as comprising at least one material (9; 10) for sealing the surface of the casting mold (6).

Abstract: A method of yield prejudgment and bump re-assignment for a die is provided. The die includes a plurality of areas. Each area is electrically connected to a substrate through a corresponding bump. The successful-connection probability of each area is prejudged. The die is divided into a signal region and a short-circuit region according to the successful-connection probabilities. The positions of the bumps are arranged so that signal bumps are disposed in the signal region and power bumps are disposed in the short region.

Abstract: A method for determining material failure that includes the steps of: fabricating a coupon made of a material; applying first force and second forces on the coupon, where the second force is different than the first force; and characterizing a material failure due to the application of the first force and the second force to the coupon.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is presented. A portion is cut from a thermoplastic sheet of a first thermoplastic material based on a three dimensional model. The portion is secured to a mold. The portion and the mold are heated under vacuum to form a structure. The structure may take the form of a protective covering. In some illustrative examples, the mold may be formed of a second thermoplastic material based on the three dimensional model using additive manufacturing.

Abstract: A collar assembly of or for a tower being formed by progressively higher concrete composition pours into reinforcement including formwork defined cavities, the assembly comprising or including; a higher subassembly adapted as a collar to selectively index to a zone of the tower being formed, a lower subassembly adapted as a collar to selectively index to a zone of the tower being formed, and a jacking arrangement whereby (I), when the lower subassembly is zone indexed and the higher subassembly is not, the higher subassembly can be raised relative to the lower subassembly and the zone to a fresh indexing height and (II), when the higher subassembly is zone indexed and the lower subassembly is not, the lower subassembly can be raised to a fresh indexing height.

Abstract: In exemplary implementations of this invention, a nozzle sprays foam, layer by layer, to fabricate a fabricated object according to a CAD model, and a subtractive fabrication tool removes material from the fabricated object according to a CAD model. The fabricated object comprises a mold or an interior form. The foam may be low-density, high strength and fast-curing. The foam may be used for large-scale 3D printing. For example, the foam may be used to 3D print molds for walls of homes. The foam molds may be left in place, after casting concrete in the molds, to serve as insulation. Or for example, the foam may be used to 3D print on site an internal form for a large wind turbine blade. The wind turbine blade may then be produced on site by depositing fiberglass on the outside of the internal form.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an artificial skin system such as skin for use with a robotics assembly. The method includes forming or accessing a digital three dimensional (3D) model of an object. The digital 3D model defines a topography of an exterior surface of the object. The method includes processing the 3D model to generate a 3D model of a core, including defining an exterior surface of the core with a topography that is an inverse copy of the topography of the exterior surface of the object. The method includes fabricating the core based on the core model, whereby the core has an exterior surface corresponding to the exterior surface of the core model. The core is used in dipping processes or injection molding processes to form a skin in which the exterior surface is formed of material that abutted the inverse topography of the exterior surface of the core.

Abstract: A particulate water absorbent resin is obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated monomer so as to form a cross-linked polymer hydrogel and drying and pulverizing the cross-linked polymer hydrogel, and plural classification steps different from each other are carried out so as to remove fine powder. In this manner, the present invention provides the method for classification of particulate water absorbent resin which method allows particulate water absorbent resin having a desired particle diameter range to be efficiently obtained at low cost while securing the high productivity even in case where a larger production equipment is used.

Abstract: A three-dimensional topography representation generating hardware device includes a plurality of movable pins. A converting logic converts a topographic map of a region of a physical topography into a set of commands to individually control each of the plurality of movable pins, wherein each of the plurality of movable pins is selectively movable to create a three-dimensional representation of the region of the physical topography based on the topographic map.

Abstract: An apparatus for hybrid manufacturing comprising a frame, a build plate that is adapted to move relative to the frame, a material pump that is adapted to pump one or more materials, a mixing head that is adapted to mix the one or more materials, a mixing hose that is in fluid communication with the material pump and the mixing head, a vacuum pump that is adapted to remove air from a mold, a vacuum hose that is in fluid communication with the vacuum pump and the mold, a vat that is adapted to retain a liquid, and a radiation source that is disposed adjacent to the vat. The apparatus prints the mold and fills the mold. A method comprising printing the mold with one or more mold materials, removing air from the mold, filling the mold with one or more primary materials, and dissolving the mold.