Abstract: A plastic article is formed in an injection mold by injecting molten plastic into the injection mold at an elevated temperature, cooling the plastic from the molten condition to a solid condition, and crystallizing a portion of the plastic by slowing down the cooling of said portion.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and a device for bending a component (71) made of a thermoplastic material, and to the component (71) itself, in particular a sleeve-shaped component having a straight shank (72), for use in a personal care appliance such as a dental care, a hair care, a kitchen apparatus or the like. A holding means (70) is provided for supporting the component (71) to be formed to shape, and the component (71) is formed by at least two tools (76, 84, 92) arranged for movement relative to each other, and a heating unit is provided for heating the component (71) in its condition as formed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing thermoplastic tubes from hollow thermoplastic sleeves by a variety of different manufacturing processes. The machine used in the method is a single apparatus having an indexing device with a plurality of mandrels for holding hollow thermoplastic sleeves for the purpose of transporting the same around a closed manufacturing path. The method involves advancing sleeves around the closed manufacturing path to form tubes from the sleeves.

Abstract: An apparatus for conferring a cup shape to the terminal junction segment of pipes that are bi-axially oriented longitudinally and circumferentially and hence very sensitive to diameter and length reduction through heat. The apparatus includes a furnace which heats the segment to a differentiated temperature, increasing towards the end of the segment such that the inner diameter of the terminal segment progressively drops down to a controlled value as temperature increases (whilst length is simultaneously reduced, with a corresponding increase in thickness of the wall of the terminal segment). Preferably then, in an appropriate station, an additional heating is executed to a plastic deformation temperature suited to obtain a correct preliminary dilation of the terminal segment upon introducing a rigid element which acts as inner contrast, thereby inhibiting any retraction thereof.

Abstract: A method of heat-setting garments by boarding the garment and subjecting it to preselected temperatures that are different for different parts of the garment and an apparatus for carrying out this method are provided.

Abstract: A plastic article is formed in an injection mold by injecting molten plastic into the injection mold at an elevated temperature, cooling the plastic from the molten condition to a solid condition, and crystallizing a portion of the plastic by slowing down the cooling of said portion.

Abstract: A method for making thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer films with improved transverse direction properties comprises two preferably embossed rollers which oscillate oppositely with respect to each along their respective rotational axes. Film made by passing a liquid crystalline polymer between such rolls has improved transverse direction properties. Such films are useful in multilayer containers and for circuit boards.

Abstract: A molding apparatus is provided for molding an elongated shaft member. The elongated shaft member (20) comprises: a main body (21) made from synthetic resin material; a hollow portion (22) formed inside of the main body (21), which extends substantially in a direction of a center axis (O1) of the main body; first and second shaft portions (23) formed at ends of the main body (21) respectively, which are smaller in diameter than the main body (21); and through-holes (24) formed in the first and second shaft portions (23) respectively, which are substantially coaxial with the center axis (O1). The molding apparatus comprises a mold (26, 27), a medium injection device (50) for injecting a hollow-portion forming medium from a medium injection portion (32), and a resin filling device (40) for filling the cavities with molten resin through a resin injection portion (31).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a balloon portion for a balloon catheter for radially expanding a vessel in the body of a mammal, which catheter comprises a tube portion with a passage therethrough and a hollow expandable balloon portion defined by a fluid impervious wall and secured to the tube portion, which balloon portion can be inflated and deflated by means of a fluid passed through the passage, such that:a. the wall of the balloon portion is formed from a flexible substantially fluid impervious material having re-inforcing fibers formed integrally with the wall material; andb. the balloon portion is preformed to the desired radial diameter at its inflated state having smaller diameter end portions and a wider diameter portion intermediate the said ends and has a substantially uniform wall thickness.

Abstract: A method for forming a socket on a pipe of biaxially oriented polyvinyl chloride including: placing a support in an end section of the pipe, heating the pipe in the region of the end section; deforming the pipe to produce a socket in the region of the heated end section, the heated end section being supported internally while the socket is being formed; cooling the pipe in the region of the end section, the end section being supported internally during the cooling operation; and removing the support from the pipe. For the purpose of heating the internally supported end section of the pipe, the end section is first heated until the end section has reached, substantially homogeneously, the glass transition temperature of polyvinyl chloride and is then further heated until the end section has reached, substantially homogeneously, a temperature near, preferably just above, the orientation temperature of polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: A method for applying molded silicone design elements onto substrates is provided. The apparatus and method of the present invention use a cold-mold injection molding process to apply molded silicone design elements onto substrates, including delicate substrates such as fabrics and paper. A cold-mold injection molding process is used to avoid tearing, burning or otherwise damaging the substrates. The molded silicone design elements are preferably multi-colored and three-dimensional. The design elements may include foreground elements and background elements of varying colors and dimensions, which together form an overall artistic design in relief. The molded silicone design elements may also be textured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluororesin-coating process, which comprises the steps of inserting a base having powder of the fluororesin on its surface in the interior of a cylindrical face transfer member, and heating both base and face transfer member by means of an infrared heater from the outside of the face transfer member, thereby heating them in a state that the fluororesin powder layer is pressed by the face transfer member making good use of a difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the base and the face transfer member to form a fluororesin layer.

Abstract: A method for bending a component made of a thermoplastic material. The component involved is in particular a sleeve-shaped component for a personal care appliance such as a dental care apparatus or the like. For the component to be bent it is heated up to the plastic's softening point. The component is brought into engagement with a forming rail and, during a relative movement of the component and the forming rail, is bent against the forming rail by means of a bending tool. As this occurs, the engagement surface between the component and the forming rail varies continuously.

Abstract: A sandwich molded article comprising a thick skin or outer layer, a thin skin or outer layer, and a core layer surrounded by these skins or outer layers. A process for producing said sandwich molded article by the use of a mold(s) which comprises adjusting the temperature of an inner surface of the mold corresponding to a skin portion of the molding desired to be made thick, to a temperature lower than that of an inner surface of the mold corresponding to a skin portion of the molding desired to be made thin; injecting a skin material in a softened state into the mold; and then injecting a core layer material in a softened state into the skin material. According to the present invention, there can be obtained a sandwich molded article having a core layer from which the distances to the obverse and the reverse of the molded article are different. This molded article can be given a satisfactory decorative surface and has deformation-preventing ability.

Abstract: Inherently low orientation sheet is produced by extruding a thermoplastic material in its melt phase onto the surface of a chill roller and thereafter solidifying the sheet at a relatively slow chill rate. Importantly, the just extruded thermoplastic polymeric sheet (i.e., the melt) is urged into continuous surface-to-surface contact with the chill roll by a curtain of air impinging upon the sheet at a velocity sufficient to ensure such continuous surface-to-surface contact between the sheet and the chill roll, but insufficient to impart substantial stress to the sheet. In such a manner, therefore, the resulting sheet will exhibit a low inherent internal stress level as evidenced by an unusually low shrink rate (ASTM D-1204) of less than about 18%.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to produce a shaped article having a uniform dull surface with less noticeable weld line and other surface detects. The injection molded synthetic resin article of the invention has a weld portion and is characterized in that the weld line on the surface of the injection molded article has a dent of no more than 2 .mu.m, the surface of the injection molded article is a dull surface with no more than 30% gloss, the general portion, the weld portion and the resin flow end portion of the surface of the injection molded article provide a uniform dull surface, said dull surface having such abrasion resistance that no visible flaws develops at a hardness of 2B and below in a pencil scratch test. Such molded article can be produced without post-molding paint application and yet it has practical utility, thus presenting a maximum economic advantage.

Abstract: A method and associated apparatus in which decorative ribbons of varying thickness, width, and material can be automatically curled. The apparatus serves to impart a tendency to curl the strand in a helical formation by drawing the ribbon in a helical path around a curling tube. The tube is divided into two parts, so that the first part heats the ribbon while in a helical configuration and the second part cools the ribbon while still in the helical configuration, thereby setting into the ribbon material a tendency to curl. The helical path on the tube is defined between convolutions of a helically-wound fin on the exterior of the tube. The tube is hollow and has apertures opening into the helical path, so that temperature-controlled air may be blown into the two parts of the path through the hollow interior of the tube.

Abstract: In a method for the arc-like shaping of an extruded profiled strand of plastic material at least a section of the strand is heated in a hot air chamber together with a support ledge disposed in spaced relationship from the profiled strand to a temperature permitting the bending of the profiled strand and the strand is then firmly engaged between a support ledge at the inner compression side and a support profile at the other, that is the tension side of the profile strand to form a package, which is then bent. Preferably, the temperature at the compression side of the profile strand is higher than the temperature at the tension side thereof to prevent the formation of waves in the profile strand walls. The profile strand may be surrounded by support profile members, which are heated together with the profile strand. The support profile members are held in engagement with profile strand by auxiliary support profiles, which are held together and which are flexible to permit bending of the whole package.

Abstract: A process for forming a catheter tip is described wherein a mold having an internal surface complimentary to the desired external surface of the catheter tip is formed such that it has two temperature zones. A first higher temperature zone is positioned proximally of the catheter distal tip and a lower temperature zone is positioned distal to the higher temperature zone. A catheter to be tipped is placed upon a mandrel or needle and the mold is heated. Upon insertion of the catheter and mandrel into the mold. The catheter material softens and begins to flow within the mold. The higher temperature portion supplies the heat necessary to soften the catheter material and it flow to the lower temperature zone wherein the lower temperature causes the catheter material to become more viscous or resolidify. Upon becoming more viscous, the catheter material, at the very tip, acts as a dam to prevent further flow of material thus eliminating flash from the mold end.

Abstract: Mold cycle time is accelerated by employing thermally insulating surface temperature boosters, which are of a minimum thickness to promote cooling by heat transfer through the boosters. According to the thermal transfer properties of the insulating boosters and the respective temperatures of the molten material and the dies, the temperature of the cavity surface is raised by contact with the molten material to equal or exceed the temperature required to produce a molded article, preferably just until the time that the mold is fully filled. Heat transfer through the boosters to the dies then cools and solidifies the molded article until it can be removed from the mold. The temperature boosters result in increased cavity surface temperatures, such that the mold dies can be kept at substantially lower temperatures. The overall result is a reduction in mold cooling time and therefore acceleration of mold cycling.

Abstract: A method for bonding tubes into an article, each of which is formed from a thermoplastic polymer, especially an aliphatic polyamide. The article has a plurality of channels into which tubes are placed in sliding engagement. The article is moved towards a heating block having pins, such that a pin is inserted into each tube. The article and heating block are brought into a juxtaposed position such that the polymer of the tubes melts and forms a coating on said article. The method is particularly useful in the formation of tubed heat exchangers, for example with 100-300 or more tubes, in one cycle.

Abstract: A method of the invention for manufacturing a rare earth bonded magnet has the steps of mixing a rare earth magnet powder, binder resin and an additive at a predetermined ratio, kneading the mixture at a temperature not lower than the thermal deformation temperature of the binder resin, granulating or graining the kneaded blend to granules of an average size ranging from 0.01 mm to 2 mm or so, conducting a compacting molding of the granulated material at a first temperature at which the binder resin is softened or molten, and cooling the molded body while keeping the molded body under pressure at least over a period in which the molded body cools down to a second temperature which s below the first temperature, whereby a rare earth bonded magnet is obtained having a low porosity, high dimensional precision and superior magnetic characteristic.

Abstract: A cup of plastics material incorporating foaming agent has thin wall portions, namely a base 101, a lower side wall 102 and an upper side wall 103. These portions have their wall thickness determined by mould part gap. The cup also has thick wall portions, namely the corner 104, the band 105 and the rim 106, in which foaming occurs after mould opening so that the wall thickness is increased beyond that provided by the mould.

Abstract: A method of producing a tubular container which can efficiently and integrally produce a thinly walled neck section on the tubular container without altering the appearance and profile of the container. The method of producing a tubular container comprises the first step of arranging a thinly walled tube to a tube holder, the second step of softening the inside of the front end of the thinly walled tube, the third step of shrinking the front end of the thinly walled tube, and the fourth step of forming a neck section and a shoulder section to the front end of the thinly walled tube by means of a male mold. After heating the thinly walled tube with hot air, the air is drawn and removed, and the outer wall surface is cooled so as to make the subsequent steps to be conducted smoothly and efficiently. Since hot air is drawn after heating the outer wall surface, a thinly walled tapered shoulder section can be produced without altering the appearance and profile of the tubular container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus process a thinly walled tube of thermoplastic resin to produce a tubular container having an inwardly directed flange section in a hole formed at an end of the thinly walled tube. In a first step, the thinly walled tube is secured to a tube holder provided with a male mold for molding the flange section in the hole and forming an opening located inside the flange section. The front end of the thinly walled tube projects by a predetermined distance from the front end of the tube holder. Then, in a second step, hot air is blown to an inner wall surface of the thinly walled tube at and near the front end thereof and the outer wall surface of the thinly walled tube is cooled also at and near the front end thereof. This produces a temperature difference between an inside and an outside of the thinly walled tube, so as to deform the front end of the thinly walled tube into a flange projecting radially.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for continually molding, chilling and cutting cheese of the present invention utilizes an elongate molding tube having an inlet end and an outlet end, and a pump/movement mechanism for forcing cheese curd into the inlet end of the elongate molding tube. A cooling mechanism is disposed in communication with the elongate molding tube to chill the molding tube and thereby chill the cheese as it passes through the molding tube so that cheese passing out of the outlet end of the elongate molding tube may be cut to the desired size and packaged, aged, etc. The cooling mechanism forms a cooling gradient within the molding tube, such that warmer temperature coolant is used about the inlet end of the molding tube than about the outlet end. The cooling gradient is applied in such a manner to provide a more uniform cooling in the cheese, and thereby achieve a superior end product.

Abstract: A compact stacked mold is provided by reducing the sand-metal ratio. Cavities (11, 12) are formed on upper and lower sides (13, 14) of a chill plate (10) corresponding to one half of a cam profile, and the upper and lower sides (13, 14) are aligned with parting surfaces of a mold (15).

Abstract: A process for making a cured plastics moulding by introducing a curable resin composition to a heated mould and supplying further resin under pressure to compensate for shrinkage of the composition including heating the curable resin composition either before entry or as quickly as possible on entry into the mould, or both to a temperature which permits the satisfactory filling of the mould before gelation and subsequent progressive gel from the point furthest from entry, back to the point of the mould entry, and wherein the entry parts of the mould are heated to a temperature at least as high as the temperature of the final fill point of the mould.

Abstract: A molding apparatus for molding an optical component comprises first and second mold sections (20-26, 34) forming opposite sides of a mold cavity (40). The mold cavity has a peripheral edge (43) contacting the optical component during the molding process which is made to reduce the transfer of heat through the peripheral edge (43). In one embodiment of the invention, the peripheral edge is made from a titanium alloy (56) having thermal conductivity approximately 50% of a thermal conductivity of stainless steel. In another embodiment of the invention, the peripheral edge of the mold is made from a porous titanium material (56a) having a density substantially less than the solid titanium alloy. In a further embodiment of the invention, the peripheral edge of the mold is made from a polyimide (70) having oxygen atoms implanted in its surface.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of making a reinforced composite structure wherein a reusable mold closure is mated to a mold to close off a mold cavity in which a reinforcement is positioned. The mold closure or mold includes a plurality of collapsible resin supply ports through which resin is pumped into the mold cavity from a source of resin to infuse or impregnate the reinforcement with resin. After the resin is introduced into the mold cavity, the resin residing in the resin supply ports is selectively cured to form respective cured resin plugs on which the resin supply ports collapse to seal them in air-tight manner. The resin residing in the mold and infused in the reinforcement is not cured at that time.

Abstract: A process for moulding high strength elongated parts made of a fibre-resin composite material, especially turbomachine blades such as fan blades, is disclosed wherein a plurality of heating and cooling elements are arranged within the body of the mould at intervals along the length of the mould cavity, and the liquid resin which is injected at one end into the mould cavity containing the fibre preform is polymerized progressively from the opposite end of the mould cavity, while maintaining the supply of liquid resin under pressure to the cavity, by successively de-activating the cooling elements, which maintain the resin in the liquid state, at predetermined time intervals starting from said opposite end of the mould cavity and progressing in turn towards said one end, and in synchronism therewith successively activating the heating elements to raise the temperature of the resin to the polymerizing temperature progressing in turn from said opposite end to said one end of the mould cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus for pressing plastics that includes a press tool which is adapted to be pressed against a press surface with the aid of pressure means. The press surface includes a flat surface which is common to a thermostat-controlled cold device and a thermostat-controlled hot device. The tool can be moved from one thermostat-controlled device to the other thermostat-controlled device while pressure is being applied to vary the temperature of the tool.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming flanges and tubes of partical crystalline thermoplastics. The thermoplastics may comprise cross-linked portions and preferably are polyethylene. A heated tube end (2) is upset in a die (10) by a plunger (30) so as to arch and form a pair of conical regions which become disk-shaped and are folded together to form the flange (8).

Abstract: A method for producing a multilayer molded article by facing a preheating panel on which a preheated skin material is placed towards one of upper and lower molds, forming a closed space by the mold and the preheating panel, evacuating the closed space to suck the skin material onto a surface of the mold, removing the preheating panel, supplying a resin through a resin conduit with closing the molds or temporarily stopping mold closing, and finishing the mold closing. By this method, a multilayer molded article having a resin body which is made by deep drawing or has a complicated shape and a skin material laminated on a surface of the resin body can be produced.

Abstract: Methods and systems for readily and economically manufacturing hydraulically settable articles, particularly containers, from microstructurally engineered hydraulically settable mixtures. The mixture is pressed between a male die of a desired shape and a female die having a substantially complimentary configuration of the male die shape to immediately fashion a portion of the mixture into a form stable shape for the desired article. To assist in imparting form stability, the dies can be heated or cooled. Once the article has obtained form stability, the article is removed from the dies and dried under heated air to gain strength. The article can then receive printing or a coating, if desired, prior to packaging, shipping, and use.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a particle packed, highly inorganically filled, cellular matrix are disclosed. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together a starch-based binder, a solvent, inorganic aggregates, and optimal admixtures, e.g., fibers, mold-releasing agents, rheology-modifying agents, plasticizers, coating materials, and dispersants, in the correct proportions to form an article which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures have a predetermined viscosity and are heated between molds at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce form-stable articles having a desired shape and a selectively controlled cellular, structure matrix. The molded articles may be placed in a high humidity chamber to obtain the necessary flexibility for their intended use.

Abstract: Methods and systems for forming hinged starch-bound matrices. Starch-based compositions are molded between heated molds in order to form a cellular matrix and also to remove the water from the starch-based compositions in order to form a binding matrix of solidified starch. The molding apparatus is configured to form one or more creases within the hinge area in order to define one or more lines upon which the hinge will bend. The molding apparatus is also configured such that the region of the mold corresponding to the inner surface of the hinge area will transfer heat more slowly to the inner hinge surface, resulting in reduced thickness of the skin of the inner hinge. This increases the collapsibility, or ability of the inner surface of the hinge to fold or buckle, during the bending action. This in turn reduces the bending radius of hinge such that the hinging action exerts less strain on the outer surface of the hinge.

Abstract: A tire tread that is applicable to retread a worn tire carcass. The tire tread includes a cured tread portion having a first shoulder and a second shoulder. A first uncured wing portion extends from the first shoulder and a second uncured wing portion extends from the second shoulder. Further, an end section at each end of the tire tread portion is uncured. When the tire tread is wrapped around the tire carcass to be formed to the tire carcass and form a tire retread, the first and second wing portions extend down the side walls of the tire carcass and the uncured end sections of the tire tread contact each other. The tire carcass is placed within an autoclave, and the autoclave is heated under pressure such that the tire tread is cross-linked to the tire carcass. During the autoclaving step, the uncured wing portions are cured and cross-linked to the side walls of the tire carcass, and the uncured end portions are cured and cross-linked to each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing pharmaceutical capsules use an aqueous solution of a thermogelling cellulose ether composition and use capsule body pins and capsule cap pins as molds. The method involves heating the pins, dipping the pins into the solution to cause the solution to gelatinize on the surface of the pins, removing the pins and drying the gelatinized solution on the surface of the pins to form capsule bodies and capsule caps. Pins are heated pre-dip and post-dip to facilitate gelating. Counterflow air is applied to provide drying from the inside. Capsule parts are removed by gripping. Capsule parts may have a thick wall and a stiffening ring.

Abstract: A process for eliminating post-molding fabric curl and distortion in molded fabrics and fabrics produced thereby. The molded fabrics are laminates including a non-woven fabric face and a binder layer and/or sheet backing. Post-molding curling and distortion can be eliminated by maintaining heat on the face fabric until the backing has been cooled enough to be rigid.

Abstract: A process for producing a hard roll for use as an elastic roll for making paper calendering by casting a liquid thermosetting resin material into a space between a metal roll core and an outer mold, and thereafter heating the resin material from outside to cure a major portion of the material and to form an outer layer resin intermediate body, while cooling the resin material from the roll core side to leave a viscount liquid resin material layer inside the intermediate body. The intermediate body is subsequently cooled from outside the outer mold to contract the body, allowing an excess of the liquid material to be forced out upwardly with the contraction of the body. The material is thereafter heated from the roll core side to cure the remaining viscous liquid resin material. The hard roll can be produced without cracking due to the reaction contraction and thermal shrinkage of the thermosetting resin. The roll is usable without cracking in its surface hardness despite the influence of heat.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing a composite article comprising an autoclave having a platen, a work tool located in the autoclave and supported by the platen, and a composite article on the work tool. The platen is heated to transfer heat from the platen to the work tool and from the work tool to the composite article to cure that article; and a heat conductive, flexible mat is positioned between the platen and the work tool to maintain a desired thermal conductivity between the platen and the work tool as the work tool is heated.

Abstract: A polyester base film for magnetic recording media having improved adhesion to the magnetic layer applied thereon as well as good abrasion and scratch resistance prepared by melt-extruding a polyester resin containing inorganic and organic particles to form a sheet; extending the sheet; and heat-setting the extended film, wherein the heat-setting step is carried out by heat-treating a first surface of the film, which is to be coated with a magnetic material, at a temperature ranging from 170.degree. to 290.degree. C. for 1 to 50 seconds so that the crystallinity thereof ranges from 50 to 70% and heat-treating the other surface of the film at a temperatue which is lower than the first heat-treatment temperature by 20.degree. C. or more for 1 to 200 seconds so that the other surface attains a crystallinity which is lower than that of the first surface by at least 5%.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a starch-bound cellular matrix reinforced with substantially uniformly dispersed fibers. High strength articles that have adequate flexibility and toughness immediately or very shortly after being demolded without the need for subsequent conditioning are molded from compositions having a starch-based binder and fibers that are uniformly dispersed by means of a high yield stress fluid fraction within the starch-based composition. In a two-step mixing process, a preblended mixture is formed by gelating a portion of the starch-based binder or other thickening agent in water to form a liquid phase having high yield stress into which the fibers are substantially uniformly dispersed. The fibers preferably have an average length of at least about 2 mm and an aspect ratio of at least about 25:1.

Abstract: A process is described for improving the hydrocarbon solvent impermeability of polyethylene resin based containers. The process employs a thermal profile during thermal molding, which creates a crystalline barrier adjacent one surface of the container. The barrier enhances impermeability of the container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing pharmaceutical capsules use an aqueous solution of a thermogelling cellulose ether composition and use capsule body pins and capsule cap pins as molds. The method involves heating the pins, dipping the pins into the solution to cause the solution to gelatinize on the surface of the pins, removing the pins and drying the gelatinized solution on the surface of the pins to form capsule bodies and capsule caps. Pins are heated pre-dip and post-dip to facilitate gelating. Counterflow air is applied to provide drying from the inside. Capsule parts are removed by gripping. Capsule parts may have a thick wall and a stiffening ring.

Abstract: A mold 11 having an inner surface coated with a heat insulating film 14 excellent in heat insulation and conformability to a molten resin 20 is clamped with the other mold 12 to form a molding cavity 13. When the molten resin 20 is cooled and solidified in the cavity 13, heat transmission through the mold 11 is suppressed by the film 14 so that a skin layer 23 preferentially grows at the side of the mold 12. Hence, the volumetric shrinkage of the resin 20 during cooling and solidification is selectively absorbed in the deformation of the skin layer 23 separated from the inner surface of the mold 12. As a result, an obtained product has a smooth front surface free from defects such as sink marks. The heat insulating film 14 exhibits the effect to eliminate weld lines, too.

Abstract: A method for placing concrete on a rock foundation to construct a massive concrete structure, such as a dam, a bridge pier or a foundation of a building, precludes development of cracks in the concrete by thermal stress.

Abstract: There is provided a process for manufacturing a heat-resistant molded foam product which comprises:(a) preheating a foamed polyester resin sheet of low crystallinity;(b) molding the sheet into a molded product,(i) heating only that portion of the preheated sheet which is convertible into a final product; such heating being conducted for a period of time such that the heated portion of the sheet reaches an average crystallinity of greater than about 20%, and(ii) cooling the unheated portion of said preheated sheet; and(c) cooling the resulting molded product,whereby distortion of the molded product is restrained when heated, and the molding time is shortened.

Abstract: The relationship between the average degree of roughness of the faces of rough appearance, expressed in microns, and the percentage by weight of units derived from vinyl acetate in the copolymer of which the film consists is greater than 0.019.The film is extruded in the form of an extruded sleeve which is cooled in the die by a circulation of a coolant fluid whose temperature T satisfies the relationship: ##EQU1## in which Tc is the temperature at which the Napierian logarithm of the relationship between the length at break and the initial length of a test specimen of the copolymer has a value of 87% of its value at 180.degree.Tm is the mean temperature of the copolymer as it leaves the diea is equal to 0.24G is given by the relationship .rho..times.Cp.times.V.times.H.sup.2 /.lambda..times.Lin which.rho. is the density of the copolymerCp is the specific heat of the copolymerV is the mean flow velocity of the copolymer through the extrusion dieH is the height of the gap between the core and the extrusion die.