Abstract: Dry cementitious compositions and packages and methods for their application. The dry compositions do not have to be mixed with water but instead are poured, sprayed or troweled onto a substrate which contains water in an amount in excess of that necessary for the hydration of the cementitious materials. These compositions can be applied by layering, dropping through a conduit, or preferably, merely dropped into the water.

Abstract: The production of concrete building products having thickness in section of not greater than 15 mm includes forming a cementitious composition containing aggregate, hydraulic cement and water. The composition is shaped by a roller and slipper method to produce a shaped extrudate which is then divided into form sections. The sections are then cured to provide the aesthetically pleasing product. The cementitious composition also contains reinforcing fibres. The building products are used for roofing tiles or replacement of shingles, shakes and slates.

Abstract: Paper or cellulose pieces forming a fiber raw material are wetted with water prior to comminution so that the comminution into fibers is effected with the moistened raw material. The moisture content of the fibers makes up at least part of the water of hydration required to completely set the binder which is mixed with the fibers. The binder can be plaster (gypsum) or hydraulic cement. The mixture is pressed to the desired shape and heat may be applied.

Abstract: A method for providing a test sample of concrete from a large poured area of concrete includes using a mold suitable for placement within the concrete form, the mold including a continuous sidewall and a bottom wall connected to the sidewall. An insert within the mold is spaced from the bottom wall so that a pressurization chamber is formed between the insert and the bottom wall of the mold. A fluid inlet is formed in the mold in fluid communication with the pressurization chamber and a fluid inlet tube is connected at a first end thereof to the fluid inlet. Preferably, the fluid tube is of a length sufficient to reach the surface of the concrete poured within the form. In one embodiment, a plurality of legs are formed on the insert to maintain the spacing of the insert from the bottom wall of the mold, the legs being separated sufficiently to allow fluid flow between them. In another embodiment, the space between the insert and the bottom of the mold is filled with a noncompressible fluid.

Abstract: A process for the solid phase deformation of orientable, semi-crystalline, thermoplastic, polymeric material, in particular polyethylene, is provided in which an improvement of the mechanical properties of the polyethylene is achieved. The process for producing a product from linear polyethylene includes forming a workpiece which is to be extruded in the solid phase by consolidating a mass of solid particulate linear polyethylene under heat and pressure. The resulting workpiece is subjected to heat treatment under pressure to cause the polyethylene to crystallize in an extended chain morphology and to have a melting point of at least 139.5.degree. C. and a density of at least 0.98 g/cm.sup.3. Thereafter the workpiece of polyethylene is deformed in the solid phase to provide a polyethylene product by, for example, passage through a die, the workpiece being subjected to a deformation extrusion ratio of at least 3 and preferably 3 to 25.

Abstract: A process for fast and uniform hydration of uncured concrete products includes supplying pressurized and superheated water to a manifold supporting a plurality of small diameter orifice nozzles housed inside a curing room which also houses the products during curing. The superheated water is ejected by the nozzles in very fine particulate form, creating a mist or suspension of water particles that surrounds the products and creates the desired high humidity, moderately high temperature environment for promoting hydration. The water preferably is softened before it is pressurized and supplied to the nozzles. Under favorable conditions, the hydration reaction supplies sufficient heat to maintain a desired temperature within the curing room. The water is heated before it is supplied to the nozzles after pressurization.

Abstract: A high temperature ceramic filter is produced from a composition containing efractory cement, aggregate, pore forming additives, and sintering agents. The pore forming additives are synthetic or organic powders or fibers which sublimate, melt, or otherwise disintegrate to produce in situ pores in the cement during the refractory treatment of a cast filter. The filters produced are permeable to high temperature gases commonly found in a coal furnace and can be used to collect particulate matter present in those gases.

Abstract: Concrete blocks are formed in a mold having a cavity into which block-forming material is placed. A portion of the material is retained in place relative to the cavity walls when the block is removed from the cavity, and the face of the block forming material adjacent a surface of the material retained in place is provided with a split-type appearance to its surface. A block having a rough surface closely resembling a split surface can thus be attained without the expense and time involved in conventional block splitting. The assembly can be constructed to form blocks having non-planar split-type surfaces. Additionally, split-type surfaces can be formed on an interior surface of a composite block module adapted for splitting along a splitting plane, to attain a block providing a split-type appearance along two spaced planes.

Abstract: A method for producing a blank of a slab-like product, in which method a fibrous material such as chips or the like is mixed with a binder material such glue, cement or the like, and the mixture is fed into a blank-forming apparatus. The method is implemented by feeding the mixture of fibrous and binder materials from the blank-forming apparatus to a conveyor or similar platform in order to form a blank, after which one or more layers of blank-separating material is dispersed layer by layer onto the blank, and finally a second blank is laid onto the layers of blank-separating material.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing composite materials of high quality whatever be the respective amount, proportion and kind of constituents used in the starting mixture which comprises a binder made of two components capable of reacting with each other, at least one of these two components being in a liquid form, at least one filler, and reinforcing fibers, the binder being selected from the group of binders made of the following components: hydraulic cement and water; potassium and sodium silicate and water, colloidal silica and water; and organic resins and resin hardeners or catalysts. According to this process, all the liquid component of the binder is impregnated into an absorbing substance preferably consisting of vermiculite, which is compatible with the binder, the filler and the fibers.

Abstract: In the case of extruding a W/O type emulsion having a high viscosity obtained by stirring a mixture of a vinyl monomer solution composed of a vinyl monomer which is water insoluble and in a liquid state at normal temperature, a surface active agent having a hydrophilic-lipophylic balance of 3 to 6, and a polymerization catalyst with water, cement, and synthetic fibers through a die, at least one rectifying plate having a given form is disposed in the die near the outlet thereof to direct the synthetic fibers in the W/O type emulsion to the extruding direction.When the tabular plate obtained by extrusion-molding the W/O type emulsion by the method of this invention is hardened and dried, a light-weight and high-strength plastic concrete suitable for building materials is obtained.

Abstract: A method of constructing a wall by casting concrete within a horizontal frame which surrounds "U" shaped stud forms, which will determine vertical studs, and support members, which will determine top and bottom horizontal members. Before filling the frame with concrete the spaces between the stud forms and the support members are filled with insulating panels which are supported on the edges of the stud molds. Also before pouring the concrete, reinforcing rods may be placed in the stud molds and support members, and the reinforcing rods connected together to form an integrated reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A moist mixture of plaster of Paris and fibres is produced due to the fact that before mixing with the fibres, a considerable quantity of water is supplied to the plaster of Paris, which leads to a moisture content of the plaster of Paris of up to 22% by weight (with respect to the dry substance). With this moisture content, the plaster of Paris is indeed no longer stable in storage in an unrestricted manner; however, it remains free from lumps for a certain processing time and can be mixed with the fibres in a high speed, continuous mixer. The moist mixture of plaster of Paris and fibres obtained in this way is intended as an initial product in the manufacture of fibre-reinforced moulded plaster bodies, in particular of fibre-reinforced plaster boards. It contains the water necessary fort setting in the most homogeneous distribution and in a precise dose (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A concrete pipe is produced by introducing a wet concrete mass into a pipe form to produce a cylindrical mass having an inner wall, compacting the cylindrical concrete mass by applying pressing rollers to the inner wall, smoothing the inner wall of the compacted cylindrical concrete mass, and applying a liquid impregnation medium to the inner wall under pressure after the concrete mass has been compacted, the inner wall has been partially smoothed and the concrete mass is still damp. The pressure is sufficient to cause the impregnation medium to permeate the damp concrete mass to a depth of at least 10 mm.

Abstract: A device for manufacturing concrete parts, particularly concrete pipes, and based on the principle of sinking mold whereby a molding bottom ring together with a jacket are continuously lowered relative to a stationary mold core while concrete mixture is poured from above and distributed into the emerging molding space by a radial pressing device mounted on the top end of the mold core. Simultaneously with the lowering of the mold jacket and the molding bottom ring a supply device for delivering the concrete material is also lowered such as to keep a constant distance from the open top end of the mold jacekt. The radial pressing device is designed to compact the incoming concrete material in radial direction without imparting any torque thereto. In this manner any stress in the finished part, particularly between the concrete and reinforcing wire mesh is effectively avoided.

Abstract: Residue produced by incineration of commercial, industrial or municipal waste is treated on-site at the point of generation or storage. Moist residue, such as incinerator bottom ash, is mixed in a multi-segment rotary drum with a heavy metals treatment agent in a first section of the drum. An aggregation agent is added to the mixture, and the mixture separates under the shearing force imposed by the rotating drum into individual pieces which are rolled into balls. A cementitious coating material is added to coat the balls, and the coated balls are classified by size. The classified coated balls are conveyed to a bagging plant, where they are packaged in flexible containers formed from material selected to retard water loss, and tagged with identifying information. Toxic contaminants such as cadmium, lead and mercury are immobilized in the cured balls, which can be used as a construction aggregate. Leaching of heavy metals from the incinerator residue is strongly inhibited by the process.

Abstract: Iron pipe and other hollow articles are lined with a cementitious mortar containing a quantity of polymer particles and the pipe is rotated about its axis so as to stratify the mortar and develop a polymer rich inner surface that is subsequently cured, dried and heated to the polymer fusion temperature and then coated with a continuous layer of pure polymer.

Abstract: A concrete slab, and a building construction system employing the concrete slab, in which the slab is formed in a casting or extrusion process to include a plurality of longitudinally extending core passages, and a groove extending transversely across one end face thereof. A plurality of invention slabs are stacked side by side to form a continuous wall structure, a plurality of conventional cored floor slabs are arranged with their one ends supported on the upper ends of the invention wall slabs, and concrete slurry is poured into the interface between the wall slabs and the floor slabs to fill at least some of the vertical core passages in the wall slabs and at least portions of the horizontal core passages in the floor slabs to form a continuous reinforcing concrete frame within the wall and floor.

Abstract: Concrete-type composite pipe is produced by rotating a drum mold while casting concrete thereinto to form a concrete layer of a uniform thickness using a centrifugal force exerted on the cast concrete, casting a mixture of hydrophilic resin and a hardener to form a corrosion protective resin layer on an inner surface of the formed concrete layer before the concrete layer starts to solidify, scattering aggregates or the like on the inner surface of the resin layer, accelerating the rotation to cause the aggregates or the like in the resin layer to form an intermediate layer, between the concrete layer and the corrosion protective layer, of resin, concrete, and coarse aggregates and stopping the rotation after the hardening of the corrosion protective layer.

Abstract: A method for casting friable asbestos-containing material into a non-friable mass includes the steps of: (1) mixing portland cement, molding plaster, plasticizer, water and friable asbestos-containing material in a mixer; (2) pouring the mixture into a plastic bag positioned in a form; (3) compressing the mixture within the form prior to the curing process; (4) embedding a lifting eye in the mixture; (5) allowing the mixture to cure to a hardened state; (6) removing the form from the hardened mass; and (7) sealing the upper end of the plastic bag to enclose the hardened mass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for protection against coastal erosion. The protection barrier is formed from a plurality of protection members which are secured together to form a mat of a desired configuration. Each protection member which is formed as a toroidal body, preferably from a discarded tire casing, is at least partially filled with concrete which is deposited about the circumference of the tire casing and occupies not more than one half of the interior chamber formed by the wall of the tire casing. To facilitate preparation of the protection member for use, a conical insert is provided. The tire casing is lowered down over the conical insert, moving towards the wided base of the insert until a lower bead of the casing rim frictionally contacts the wall of the insert. Concrete is then admitted onto the wall of the insert and moves by gravity into the interior chamber, partially filling it.

Abstract: A concrete manufacturing process includes pouring a fluidized cement containing a short fiber as an admixture into a concrete manufacturing mold; applying a predetermined level or levels of pressure to the entire fluidized cement poured into the mold, while a gas is introduced into the cement; and hardening the cement as the gas introduced thereto forms bubbles which burst and generate vibration when they are vented through a venting section provided for the mold. When the cement is hardened to some degree, the hardening may be continued in a temperature-controlled liquid bath or followed by curing with steam.

Abstract: The process makes calcium sulfate alpha-hemihydrate from finely divided calcium sulfate dihydrate by transforming the calcium sulfate dihydrate in the presence of saturated steam. A molded body is formed from the calcium sulfate dihydrate which has a plurality of pores having a pore volume amounting to 15 to 60% by volume of the total volume of the entire molded body. More than 5% by volume of the pore volume contains air. The molded body is fed to the autoclave. In the presence of a sufficient water quantity in the pores the crystal habit and the crystal growth of the calcium sulfate alpha-hemihydrate crystals which grow in an aqueous solution phase are controlled by a process temperature in the range between 110.degree. to 180.degree. C. by the pressure of the process atmosphere in the autoclave. The molded body is removed from the autoclave after recrystallization transformation and delivered for use. Key products of this process and their derivatives are also described.

Abstract: The process makes calcium sulfate alpha-hemihydrate or essentially plaster of paris from finely divided gypsum made by desulfurizing flue gas obtain from a power plant fired by brown coal by transforming the calcium sulfate dihydrate in the presence of saturated steam. A molded body is formed from the calcium sulfate dihydrate which has a plurality of pores. The pore volume amounts to 15 to 60% by volume of the total volume of the entire molded body. More than 5% by volume of the pore volume contains air. The molded body is fed to an autoclave. In the presence of a sufficient water quantity in the pores, the crystal habit and the crystal growth of the calcium sulfate alpha-hemihydrate crystals which grow in an aqueous solution phase are controlled by a process temperature in the range between 110.degree. to 180.degree. C. by the pressure of the treatment atmosphere in the autoclave. The molded body is removed from the autoclave after recrystallization transformation and delivered for use.

Abstract: Novel processes have been developed by the present invention for producing hollow ceramic articles. Such ceramic articles are produced by using a water-absorbable mold having water non-permeable faces on an inner surface of the mold at locations corresponding to valve holes. The thickness of a ceramic layer deposited on the inner surface of the mold is controlled by measuring an amount of a lowered liquid surface level of the slurry near a slurry-pouring opening of the mold. Open ends of a hollow ceramic article are formed by cutting corresponding closed ends after deposition of the slurry and firing. A uniform thickness of a slurry deposited onto the inner surface of the mold can be attained by rotating the mold around an arbitrary rotary axis at a rotation speed of 1 to 60 rpm. All ceramic material contained in the slurry fed inside the mold may be deposited on the inner surface of the mold while the mold is being rotated or swung.

Abstract: An instant-release type concrete molding machine manufactures a concrete product by interposing unitable attachment devices between a press die and a press, placing an attachment unit of a pattern frame within a molding region, introducing the pattern frame and the press die into the molding region in alignment with the press, moving the press and the press die toward each other and uniting them by the aforementioned attachment devices, and fixing the pattern frame by the attachment unit within the molding region.

Abstract: An inner mold construction and an outer mold construction are provided to define a mold cavity or shape into which wet or uncured concrete is introduced. The method includes the sequential steps of compressing the concrete by movement of the inner mold relatively toward the outer mold to remove surplus liquid from the inner surface of the concrete so that the concrete is at least partially cured. The compression applied on the inner surface of the concrete by the inner mold is maintained while inward pressure is applied over the outer surface of the concrete by the outer mold to remove surplus surface liquid from the outer surface of the concrete. The inner and outer surface pressures on the concrete are released to release the molded article from the mold so that it may be separated therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing improved gypsum models and molds of high duplication accuracy is provided. In the process, bundles of carbon fibers of specified length and amount having a sizing agent deposited thereon are treated to remove the sizing agent from the carbon fibers which are then separated into single fibers in water. A major part of hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO.sub.4.1/2H.sub.2 O) powder is then added to the carbon fibers dispersed in water to obtain a gypsum slurry having the carbon fibers uniformly dispersed therein. The slurry is then cast to obtain the models or molds.

Abstract: A method for making a water and fire resistant building material of a layered, shaped and hardened composition of one or more absorbant components, magnesia cement, chemically active fumed silica, alkali silicate, one or several inorganic fillers, one or several lignin sulphonates, eventually ethyl silicate, whereby the final product is built up of a two binder system, one of fumed silica, alkali silicate and optionally magnesium oxide and the other of magnesia cement and a lignin sulphonate salt. The method of producing the product includes forming a dual layered binder system having a very short press time.

Abstract: A fire resistive and insulating bonded composite structure includes a binder made from a mixture of a weak acid and a powdered base metal oxide wherein the acid and metal fuse as a mixture under an exothermic reaction into the binder. A fibrous cellulose material is encapsulated within the binder and rendered non-flammable thereby. The subject invention further provides a method of making the bonded composite structure including the steps of mixing the weak acid and powdered base metal oxide, encapsulating the fibrous cellulose material within the binder and rendering the fibrous cellulose material non-flammable thereby, forming the slurry mixture into a predetermined form, and setting the formed mixture into a solid.

Abstract: After a mortar layer is formed on the surface layer of placed concrete, an ultrasonic vibrator is caused to vibrate while being pressed against the mortar layer surface, and a thin surface layer is scraped off, obtaining a dense water-shielding layer. Mortar with a low water-cement ratio is spread onto the surface of the water-shielding layer, and adhesion between the mortar and the water-shielding layer is strengthened by using the ultrasonic vibrator. The pressing force of the ultrasonic vibrator is then increased to make the mortar and the water-shielding layer densely integrated together, thereby forming a hard concrete surface excelling in abrasion resistance.

Abstract: In the process for making gypsum fiberboard the boards are formed or molded rom a mash containing calcium sulfate dihydrate and fiberous material. By heating and subsequently cooling the boards the dihydrate is first converted into the hemihydrate and subsequently recrystallized again to the dihydrate. Known processes require day line setting times which are economically disadvantageous. According to the present invention these times are shortened by pulling or drawing water, an aqueous solution or a water containing mixture through the boards after the cooling step. Advantageously a setting accelerating agent can be dissolved in the water. By these features the setting time can be shortened to less than two hours. By addition of a binding agent, e.g. starch, to the fluid drawn through the boards the strength of the boards is increased.

Abstract: A continuous process for the production of gypsum board of variable yet predictable density, wherein a fibrous from of stucco produced from gypsum crystals or fibers is combined with standard calcined gypsum and formed into the board. The density of the resultant board varies inversely with the content of fibrous stucco. The process yields lightweight boards suitable as standard wallboards and inorganic insulating boards.

Abstract: A system for die casting of concrete goods such as block stones comprises a cellular casting mould having a plurality of cells and a device for supplying concrete for filling the cells. A dolly including a common base member with protruding pistion portions having load plates of a shape corresponding to that of the cells, is used for compressing the concrete in the cells. Each of the piston portions includes a resilient compressible material arranged between the load plates and the common base member for obtaining uniform density and strength in the goods in the respective cells.

Abstract: Concrete elements, such as blocks or bricks, are molded or cast by forming in a primary mold cavity a secondary mold made of a portion of a thermoplastic film which has been contacted with a flat heater surface to assure a uniformly heated film portion which is then sucked into the primary mold cavity without wrinkles and filled with concrete mix. The secondary mold with the concrete mix in it is withdrawn, for example, sucked out of the primary mold cavity well before any effective hardening of the concrete mix, so that curing and hardening takes place in the secondary mold outside the primary mold cavity. This early withdrawing is important because it avoids expansion of the curing mix in the primary mold, whereby removal from the primary mold is facilitated. Additionally, the early removal with the aid of the secondary mold assures a more efficient use of the primary molds which are used again while the hardening is still going on in the secondary mold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously producing molded member, especially sheets, from a mixture of gypsum and fibrous material. In a first mixing stage, measured-out quantities of gypsum and fibrous material are thoroughly mixed together, with the dry mixture being weighed and subsequently moistened in a second mixing stage by supplying water thereto in conformity to the weight of the dry mixture. The moistened mixture is subsequently dispersed onto a support to form molded members, with the surface of each molded member being additionally moistened, and the latter then being compacted. To achieve higher strength, the mas flow of the gypsum/fibrous material mixture is divided into independent partial mass flows that are dispersed in layers to form the multi-layer molded member, with each partial mass flow forming one of the layers of the molded member.

Abstract: A fireproof panel for closing structural openings within building structures such as those between rooms, floors, ceilings, and the like through which essential-service hardware such as ducts, pipes, electrical conduit, and the like penetrates, or for providing support for such hardware. The panel comprises a solid matrix of refractory material having reinforcement material embedded therein. Preferably, the reinforcement material is embedded immediately beneath essentially all of at least one of the panel's front and back exterior surfaces. A preferred reinforcement material is a fiberglass material, preferably embedded immediately beneath both the front and back exterior surfaces of the panel. The reinforcement material inhibits fracture of the panel to thereby provide a greater workability in panel installation. The panel can be flat or shaped in accord with its intended function, and openings therethrough to accommodate penetrating hardware can be readily made.

Abstract: A power-plant clarifier sludge having the following dry composition:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 2 to 30 weight percent, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 2 to 20 weight percent, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.5 to 5 weight percent, CaO 15 to 50 weight percent, MgO 1 to 8 weight percent, MnO 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent, Na.sub.2 O 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent, K.sub.2 O 0.1 to 1 weight percent, SO.sub.3 in sulfate 0.1 to 2 weight percent, and CO.sub.2 in carbonate 5 to 40 weight percent; ______________________________________is used in the desulfurization of power-plant flue gas and the desulfurization slurry is dewatered and pressed into construction blocks.

Abstract: A gypsum-based pesticide product and method of manufacture of such product in which the product has a release time for the pesticide which is determined at least in part by its size and in which the gypsum is a solid formed by the bonding of plaster of Paris and water. The product, prior to formation of the solid, includes, by weight, no more than about 20% water, approximately 5% of pesticide, with the balance being plaster of Paris. The ingredients, prior to formation into a solid, are intimately mixed for a time period which is only a fraction of the setting time of the mixture with the amount of water being no greater than that required to completely set the plaster of Paris into gypsum.

Abstract: A method of making a concrete block having decorative stones embedded in a surface thereof includes the steps of placing on a face plate a layer of stones which includes a plurality of spaced decorative surface stones and includes filler stones substantially smaller than the surface stones and disposed in the spaces between the surface stones, applying a cement mortar on the surface stones and filler stones, introducing concrete into a separate mold, inverting the face plate and placing it on top of the concrete in the mold, consolidating the concrete and assembling the concrete and the sruface stones by applying pressure and vibration, removing the mold and the face plate, and curing the resulting block without the mold.

Abstract: Methods for biaxially (or triaxially) casting concrete masonry ("CM") products like CM blocks which have twin cavities formed by a pair of face shells and three webs interconnecting same with the twin cavities extending in the direction of the axis of casting of the CM block include using in the mold cavity one or more main mold cores which incorporate structure for extending and retracting a plunger or the like to provide one or more temporary mold cores laterally extending into the mold cavity from one or more main mold cores along a second axis which is normal to the axis of casting during certain selected phases of the CM casting process so as to form openings extending through one or more webs in the direction of the second axis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the manufacture of plasterboard optionally strengthened with reinforcing materials by mixing gypsum capable of rehydration with water and optionally reinforcing materials and subsequently pressing the resulting mixture, characterized in that polyisocyanates are added to the mixture used for producing the plasterboard and/or are applied to the surface of the finished plasterboard. The invention is also directed to the optionally reinforced plasterboard.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disposable concrete forming apparatus. The apparatus includes an elongate, tubular and rigid form having at least one inner wall surface defining an enclosure in which concrete can be poured and allowed to harden. The apparatus further includes a flexible liner of predetermined thickness which lines the inner surface to preclude formation of form lines on the hardened concrete that correspond to markings on the inner wall surface of the rigid form. The flexible liner has at least one outside wall surface for each inner wall surface and is movable between a compressed position permitting insertion of the liner into the enclosure and a normal expanded position with the outside wall surface pressing against the inner wall surface of the rigid form. As a result, no gap is present between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface.

Abstract: Phosphate reactive sheets and substrates can be prepared using wet-laying and dry-laying techniques. The wet or dry-laid composition contains calcium silicate and a non-reactive matrix of either fiber or a mixture of fiber and a binder. The matrix is used in an amount effective to hold the wet or dry-laid material together. At a desired time such phosphate reactive substrate compositions can be contacted with aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid. A metal oxide selected from aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and calcium oxide must be present in either the substrate, the solution, or both. After the solution contacts the substrate, a reaction takes place within the matrix to form a rigid article.

Abstract: The present invention describes an improved composition for structural panel which incorporates Portland cement, clay, grog, and vermiculite. Also described is the method for combining the ingredients to manufacture the improved structural panel.

Abstract: The invention provides a new method for solidifying and disposing of waste. The waste is combined and mixed with an alkali-activated silico-aluminate geopolymer binder. The resulting mixture is bound together with a geopolymeric matrix. When allowed to set, it forms a hard, monolithic solid. The mixture is subjected to a suitable engineering process, such as casting or pressing, to produce a waste disposal product having superior long term stability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously forming a uniform layer of material that is being dispersed. This material, in the form of a stream of material, is deposited on an intermediate conveyer belt, as strips, transverse to the direction in which the material is fed to a dispersal mechanism. In the direction of travel of this intermediate conveyer belt, the strips abut one another in such a way that no gaps exist between them.

Abstract: A method for molding a cementitious composition into an article having a desired shape or configuration by preparing a mold in a predetermined shape or configuration corresponding to the desired shape or configuration of the article, substantially filling the mold with water to provide a substantial excess of that needed for hydration of the cementitious composition which will be used to make the article, introducing into the water in the mold a dry cementitious composition in the form of finely divided particles of at least one cement binder in an amount of greater than 20 percent by weight of the composition, the major proportion of the particles having approximately the same drop rate, by pouring the composition into the water without any type of physical mixing of the cementitious composition and the water other than the mixing which occurs when the composition becomes completely hydrated by combining with a portion of the water and displacing excess water, if any, from the mold, and allowing the hydrated

Abstract: An apparatus for moulding prefabricated curved concrete sections for use in the construction of arched or vaulted structures comprises a curved, upwardly convex mould made up of a series of reusable substantially flat mould plates pivotally supported by vertical pillars of adjustable height. The mould plates are hingedly connected to each other such that the angle of each plate to the adjacent plate is adjustable. The spacing between the vertical pillars is also adjustable, so that the mould plates provide a polygonal mould surface adjustable for moulding prefabricated concrete sections of different curvatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming the primary core of a concrete pipe. A steel cylinder is disposed vertically on the base of the pipe forming machine. A conventional rotary packerhead having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the steel cylinder is lowered concentrically to the bottom thereof. Concrete is then introduced within the steel cylinder through the upper end thereof. The packerhead is rotated to force the concrete into the annular gap between the packerhead and the steel cylinder. As the primary core is formed, the packerhead is raised and rotated while concrete is introduced within the steel cylinder, thereby forming a primary core consisting of a steel cylinder having an inner lining of concrete. In an alternative embodiment, the steel cylinder is completely embedded within the concrete.