Abstract: Six auxiliary sheet holders SH2 and SH3 temporarily holding a sheet S are minutely driven in the ?Z-axis direction by a control device so that holding surfaces thereof are positioned on the slightly lower side (?Z side) of the holding surface of the sheet holder SH1. Accordingly, an appropriate tension is applied to the sheet S in the width direction (Y-axis direction) and the longitudinal direction, so that the center portion of the sheet S is fixed onto the holding surface of the sheet holder SH1. That is, in the state where an XY two-dimensional tension is applied to a separate area SAi of the sheet S, a rear surface portion corresponding to the separate area SAi of the sheet S is changed in accordance with the flat shape of the holding surface of the sheet holder SH1.

Abstract: It's object is to provide a (meth)acrylate compound excellent in photocurability, a curable composition comprising the compound and excellent in all of pattern accuracy, peelability, surface hardness, elasticity recovery and solvent resistance, an optical nanoimprint composition and a cured product of the curable composition and a method for producing it, especially to provide a composition favorable for a permanent film for flat panel displays, etc. A (meth)acrylate compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents a substituent having carbon atoms of 2 to 6 and having a carbon-carbon double bond, X represents an organic group having carbon atoms of 1 to 10, m and n each are an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new monomer and methods of using the monomer to fabricate robust polymer surface coatings with controlled thicknesses between 1 and 5 nanometers. The coatings are composed of a new material containing polymerized monomers of 4-vinylbenzenepropanethiol. The polymer surface coating may be applied to metal and silicon. The method includes exposing a metal substrate to a solution of the monomer in hexanes in order to deposit a monolayer of the monomer onto the metal surface. The substrate is then irradiated with ultraviolet radiation in order to graft a thin polymer coating onto the surface. The procedure can be repeated in order to control the thickness of the coating between about 1 nm and 5 nm. Alternatively, thermally initiated polymerization or deposition of partially oligomerized monomers onto the surface provides nanothin coatings with identical performance.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of polishing and texturing surfaces thin-film photovoltaic cell substrates. The methods involve laser irradiation of a surface having a high frequency roughness in an area of 5-200 microns to form a shallow and rapidly expanding melt pool, followed by rapid cooling of the material surface. The minimization of surface tension causes the surface to re-solidify in a locally smooth surface. the high frequency roughness drops over the surface with a lower frequency bump or texture pattern remaining from the re-solidification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of polypropylene articles with improved response to a surface energy increasing treatment, wherein the polypropylene comprises a metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene. The present invention further relates to the use of metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene as an additive for improving the response of polypropylene to surface energy increasing treatments.

Abstract: The invention provides a photo-crosslinkable composition comprising: a base polymer selected from olefin homopolymers or copolymers, or mixtures thereof; a cross-linking agent; and a photoinitiator; characterized in that said photoinitiator is a compound with formula I: in which: X1 to X8 respectively represent CR1 to CR8; R1 to R8 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or OH or C(?O)R9 or C(?O)OR10 or SO3? or an aryl group, preferably a phenyl group, or an acryloyloxy group or a linear or branched C1-12 alkyl group; R9 and R10 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-12 alkyl group; n represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; when n equals 0, formula I is selected from 9-fluorenone and its derivatives; when n equals 1; either Y represents a methylene group or a CHR11 group, R11 representing a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or OH or C(?O)R9 or C(?O)OR10 or a linear or branched C1-12 alkyl group; or Y and X4 or Y and

Abstract: A system is provided for forming solid ink sticks comprising a molten ink delivery station for introducing molten ink material into a forming tub to form a solid ink stick. The forming tub includes an open top for receiving the molten ink material and a cavity defining a lower portion of a solid ink stick shape. The system includes a top surface conditioning station for altering the top surface of the ink material introduced into the cavity of the forming tub.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of surface treating particulate materials with electromagnetic radiation, in particular a method of cross-linking superabsorbent polymer particles using UV irradiation. The method is carried out with a so-called roll reactor, which comprises a rotating roll and an irradiation source. Radical former molecules can be applied on the surface of superabsorbent polymer particles. The particulate material is fed onto the surface of the roll and is irradiated while moved with the rotating roll. The irradiation source is provided such that the radiation emitted by the irradiation source is able to reach at least part of the particulate material that has been fed onto the surface of the roll. The irradiation source for use in the method of the present disclosure is able to emit UV radiation of a wavelength between 201 nm and 400 nm. The present disclosure also relates to absorbent articles comprising surface treated superabsorbent particles made by said method.

Abstract: An imprint mold includes a substrate, a concave and convex pattern provided on the substrate and corresponding to a pattern to be transferred, and a gas permeable region having higher gas permeability than molten quartz in which impurities are not doped.

Abstract: Improved processes for surface treating expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is disclosed and improved surface-treated devices made from the processes. The processes employ a laser to surface-modify an expanded PTFE structure to create a macro-roughened surface that has the capability to remain microporous throughout. The unique process of the present invention creates a ridge and valley structure on the surfaces of devices that includes unique gnarled nodes along valley floors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light (1) especially a wall or ceiling light protected from spray water and used to receive at least one long gas discharge lamp (5), said light comprising a closed housing formed by an at least transparent base part (3) which can be mounted in a fixed location and holds electrical devices, and an at least transparent coupling part (2). The base part (3) and the coupling part (2) are injection-moulded from the same charges of thermoplastic material in a common mould which is essentially symmetrical in terms of the injection process, and overlap along peripheral edges on both sides, one edge being an insertion edge (10) and the other edge being embodied as a U-shaped receiving element (9) for receiving the insertion edge (10).

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible nanoimprint mold which can fabricate sub-15 nm ultra fine structures on either planar or curved substrates. The mold comprises a top ultra-thin rigid layer of imprint patterning features and a bottom thick flexible layer of polymer elastomer. The two distinct layers are preferably integrated via chemically bonding. The top layer of the mold enables a sub-15 nm resolution of pattern fabrication and the bottom layer affords a conformal contact to planar or curved surface of substrates. The methods for fabricating the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simultaneously polishing the inner and outer surfaces of an unpolished polymeric stent using a heat process. The unpolished stent can be mounted, for example, on a “spiral-mandrel,” a tubular helical structure with gaps in between a series of coils of the structure. Heat from a heat source can then applied to the spiral-mandrel at a range between the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of the polymer of the stent.

Abstract: A method of treating the inside surfaces of a clean room and treating a rotary beverage bottle blow-molding arrangement and blow-molding beverage bottles from preforms and an arrangement for performing the method. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: Disclosed are primary materials, precursor materials and final materials as well as methods to prepare these materials. The final materials are mixed lithium transition metal oxides, useful as performance optimized cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. The transition metal is a solid solution mixture of manganese, nickel and cobalt, M=(Mn1-uNiu)1-u-yCoy, with 0.2.

Abstract: A structured surface of a solid body comprises a multiplicity of projections, which form a contact area which can become attached to adjacent surroundings, and a carrier layer, on which the projections are arranged, wherein properties of the projections and/or of the carrier layer are specifically variable in such a way that the attachability of the contact area is adjustable. A component which is provided with such a structured surface and a method for modifying the structured surface are also described.

Abstract: The present method of forming a groove in an inner surface of a member for covering an airbag includes the steps of heating a blade by use of an induction-heating device and pushing the blade against the inner surface of the member. The induction-heating device is preferably a coil for induction heating. In addition, the present method of forming the groove preferably includes the steps of placing the member on a work bench having the coil, supplying alternating current to the coil, bringing the blade close to the coil, pushing the blade against the inner surface of the member, stopping current supply to the coil, and pulling the blade away from the inner surface of the member.

Abstract: A method of making a charge dissipative surface of a polymeric material with low temperature dependence of the tunable surface resistivity, comprises the step of controllably carbonizing the surface of the polymeric material in a vacuum environment by bombarding the polymeric surface with an ion beam of rare gas ions, the energy level of the ion source being from low to moderate so as to reach a surface resistivity in the static dissipative range while having negligible impact on the RF transparency of the material and with tunable thermo-optical properties of the surface, including negligible impact on the thermo-optical properties.

Abstract: A method for modulating roughness of a surface, comprising: providing a first pre-stressed electrically conductive layer (10) coupled to a dielectric elastic foundation (20) provided over a second conductive layer (30); and subjecting the two conductive layers to a voltage difference, thereby modulating the roughness of the first surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for the corona treatment of flat material (30) using a cylindrical transport electrode (1) that can be rotated in such a way as to transport the flat material, a treatment electrode (2a,b) which is arranged opposite the transport electrode (1) and defines a treatment gap (31) for the flat material (30), a high-voltage source (4) for applying a high-frequency electrical voltage to the treatment electrode (2a, b), and sheet holders (11) which are arranged on the envelope side of the transport electrode (1) and used to receive the edges of sheets of flat materials (30). The inventive device is characterized by a treatment device (12) wherein blowing means (22, 23) are embodied or arranged in front of, and behind, at least one treatment electrode (2a, 2b), in the direction of transport (32).

Abstract: An imprinting method forms a predetermined pattern in a resist surface of a substrate coated with a photo-curing type resist by using a mold having a pattern of projections and recesses formed in a transfer surface. The method includes an alignment step, a press step, a UV irradiation step, and a release step. The steps are performed in plural units selected from independent units, composite units, and combinations of independent units and composite units. The mold and the substrate are paired with each other and conveyed between the units. An imprinting apparatus includes plural units which perform the steps in the imprinting method and which are selected from independent units in each of which one step is executed, composite units in each of which plural of steps are executed, and combinations of independent units and composite units; and conveying devices which convey the mold and the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the generation of raised and/or recessed structures on workpieces comprising the steps: applying a pressure difference between one side of a wall of the workpiece and another side substantially opposite thereto; local heating of the wall of the workpiece to a softening temperature of the workpiece by a heat source in order to induce local deformation of the wall of the workpiece; and cooling of the workpiece. The invention relates, moreover, to an apparatus for carrying out this method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for providing shaped biodegradable and elastomeric structures of (co)polymers of 1,3trimethylene carbonate (TMC) with improved (mechanical) properties which can be used for tissue or tissue component support, generation or regeneration. Such shaped biodegradable elastomeric structures are obtainable by forming homopolymers and/or copolymers of 1,3-trimethylene carbonate (TMC) into a desired shape and irradiating said desired shape with actinic radiation in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an injection molding apparatus with a plasma generator, using no high-frequency power. [Solving means] Injection molding is performed as shown in 1.A, and a molded article P is cooled to solidify. Then, as shown in 1.B, a second mold 200 is moved by 1 to several millimeters using a jack 120, to thereby form a space S. In this case, a gas inlet port 132 and an exhaust outlet 142 are opened with respect to the space S by the movement of the second mold 200, so that a gas inlet pipe 131, the space S, and an exhaust pipe 141 communicate with one another. These gas inlet pipe 131, space S, and exhaust pipe 141 are kept airtight by an O-ring 201 of the second mold 200. Next, from the airtight space S, air is exhausted using an exhaust device 140, and then a gas for plasma processing is supplied from the gas supply portion 130 into the space S.

Abstract: A liquid transfer article is provided including a support assembly and an imaged surface formed directly on the surface of the support assembly by digital photopolymerization. The support assembly is in the form of a polymeric base, and the liquid transfer article is formed by providing a liquid photopolymer on the surface of the base and then irradiating the polymer with a light source to form the image. The liquid transfer article is reimagable and may be used in gravure printing processes, as well as other printing applications.

Abstract: A power device with improved reliability and a method for producing the same is disclosed. One embodiment provides an active area having an electrical power dissipation characteristic, a metallization layer portion configured with respect to the active area so that the dissipation characteristic of the active area results in heating the metallization layer portion, the metallization layer portion being formed as a connected region. The metallization layer portion has at least one hole, fully extending through the metal layer and having a dielectric. The at least one hole is arranged so that each location of the metal layer portion is connected electrically to each other location via the metallization material of the metal layer portion.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided that includes a perfluoroalkyl group-containing polymer, a polymerizable monomer, and a radical polymerization initiator, in which at least 80 wt % of the polymerizable monomer is a monofunctional polymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of a monofunctional acrylate, a monofunctional methacrylate, a monofunctional vinyloxy compound, a monofunctional N-vinyl compound, a monofunctional acrylamide, and a monofunctional methacrylamide.

Abstract: A method of forming a nanoscale pattern on a substrate surface. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of providing a substrate having a surface; providing a nanoscale pattern forming device, comprising an elongated cantilever that has a tip portion proximate an end of the elongated cantilever; and controllably illuminating at least the tip portion of the cantilever with a beam of substantially coherent monoenergetic particles when the cantilever moves relative to the substrate to form a nanoscale pattern on the surface, wherein the tip portion of the cantilever is made from lightly doped silicon.

Abstract: A method of fine-pattern formation in which in forming a pattern, a fine pattern formed in a mold can be transferred to a pattering material in a short time at a low temperature and low pressure and, after the transfer of the fine pattern to the patterning material, the fine pattern formed in the patterning material does not readily deform. The method for fine-pattern formation comprises: a first step in which a mold having a fine structure with recesses/protrusions is pressed against a pattering material comprising a polysilane; a second step in which the patterning material is irradiated with ultraviolet to photooxidize the patterning material; a third in which the pressing of the mold against the patterning material is relieved and the mold is drawn from the pattering material; and a fourth step in which that surface of the patterning material to which the fine pattern has been transferred is irradiated with an oxygen plasma to oxidize the surface.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene resin molded article obtained by fusing PTFE by heating a tetrafluoroethylene resin by heating, and then executing a gradual cooling or a cooling including a holding at a temperature equal to or higher than 313° C. and lower than 321° C. for 10 minutes or longer, and having, when heated to 365° C., then cooled to 245° C. with a rate of ?1° C./min, and then heated to 365° C. with a rate of 10° C./min, a heat of fusion which, within a range from 296 to 343° C., is equal to or larger than 32 J/g and less than 47.8 J/g, a porous article obtained by expanding the molded article, and a composite article, a filter, an impact deformation absorber and a sealing material utilizing the molded article or the porous article.

Abstract: A method of making a golf ball comprising the steps of providing a preform comprising an uncured polybutadiene composition; curing the preform for a first isothermal step at a cure cycle index of 200 or less to form a crosslinked golf ball core having an outer diameter of 1.0 inches or greater, and an outer surface having a first hardness and a geometric center having a second hardness equal to or greater than the first to define a zero hardness gradient or a negative hardness gradient, wherein the cure cycle index has a formula CCI time = ? n = 1 n ? t n ? Log ? ? T n where t=time in min, T=temperature in ° C., and n=the number of the isothermal step; and forming at least one cover layer about the core to form the golf ball.

Abstract: A method of making a golf ball comprising the steps of providing a preform comprising an uncured polybutadiene composition;_curing the preform for a first isothermal step at a cure cycle index of 60 or less to form a crosslinked golf ball core having an outer diameter of 1.0 inches or greater, and an outer surface having a first hardness and a geometric center having a second hardness equal to or greater than the first to define a zero hardness gradient or a negative hardness gradient, wherein the cure cycle index has a formula CCI time = ? n = 1 n ? t n ? Log ? ? T n where t=time in min, T=temperature in ° C., and n=the number of the isothermal step; and forming at least one cover layer about the core to form the golf ball.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a touch-and-close fastener element comprising a multitude of hook means, which are provided with a support as one piece and in the shape of stems with hook heads located at the ends thereof. Each of the hook heads is provided, at least in part, with an addition head part made of an additional material. A fastener system is produced from the respective head part being made from a duroplastic molding compound serving as the additional material. The fastener system can withstand a high temperature and mechanical stresses and lead to improved adhesion values and peel strength values during use.

Abstract: To provide a flexible mold useful for manufacturing a PDP rib having a lattice pattern and other microstructures, and capable of highly precisely manufacturing the microstructures without involving defects such as occurrence of bubbles and pattern deformation. A flexible mold comprises a base layer made of a first curable material having a viscosity of 3,000 to 100,000 cps at 10 to 80° C. and a coating layer coating a surface of the base layer and made of a second curable material having a viscosity of 200 cps or below at 10 to 80° C.

Abstract: Sandwich structures and methods of making same. A core material structure based on blow molded segments has been developed to facilitate the use of very thick sandwich panels, 4 to 72 in. thick. The basic concept uses an array of hollow rectangular segments arranged in a sheet, to form the core, with sandwich face skins on top and bottom. The hollow core segments have wall thicknesses from about 0.015 to 0.250 in. Once the blow molded core (BMC) segments and skins are bonded together, using resin infusion (or other molding techniques) the sides of the segments form webs which act as though they were continuous; like a giant rectangular honeycomb. Sandwich structure thicknesses of 4 to 18 in. have been demonstrated.

Abstract: A micro/nano-pattern film contact transfer process is described, comprising: providing a mold, wherein an imprinting pattern is set in a first surface of the mold; forming a release layer on the first surface of the mold and a transfer material layer on the release layer; providing a substrate; placing the mold on a first surface of the substrate, wherein the first surface of the mold is opposite to the first surface of the substrate; applying a pre-pressed force on the substrate from a second surface opposite to the first surface of the substrate; providing a heating source to heat the transfer material layer to produce an adhesion effect between a portion of the transfer material layer contacting with the first surface of the substrate and the substrate; and removing the mold, wherein the contacting portion of the transfer material layer is transferred onto the first surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of embossing a sheet material includes: heating at least a portion of the sheet directly or indirectly with radiant energy from a radiant energy source; pressing a tool against the heated portion of the sheet, thereby patterning a surface of the sheet; and separating the sheet and the tool. The radiant energy may travel through a solid material that is relatively transparent to radiation, on its way to being absorbed by a relatively-absorptive material. The relatively-transparent material may be an unheated portion of the sheet, and the relatively-absorptive material may be either the tool or the heated portion of the sheet. Alternatively, the relatively-transparent material may be the tool, and the relatively-absorptive material may be all or part of the sheet. The method may be performed as one or more roll-to-roll operations.

Abstract: The invention teaches a paper substrate having a laser treated area which has benefits for anti copy, copy deterrence and/or copy detection applications. The laser treatment may be in the form of a dense array of a plurality of microperforations which may or may not be visible to the naked eye or in form of fine graphics on the paper surface incorporated via partial ablations. The laser treated area serves as an authenticated field. In one aspect, the authentication field when copied on reprographic equipment reproduces as a field of dark separated dots. The authentication field optionally can take the form of various shapes including alphanumeric characters or other patterns. In an alternate aspect the laser treated area is an area of laser-formed partial ablations creating a synthetic watermark.

Abstract: A molded interconnect device with a high-current trace and methods of making a molded interconnect device with a high-current trace are described. The molded interconnect device comprises a substrate surface and an interconnect pattern. The interconnect pattern is at least one of a rib raised from the substrate surface and a channel protruding into the substrate surface. In a first embodiment, the molded interconnect device is molded from photosensitive plastic molded in a one-shot molding process. A trace is grown on the portion of the interconnect pattern where an interconnect path has been written, either by a laser or by photolithography. In a second embodiment, the molded interconnect device is molded of plastic and the trace is grown by at least one of a mask and print-and-plate process and a mask and print-and-etch process. The trace forms at least one of an angle and a curve in cross section.

Abstract: A vending portion between the distal end of a flexible tube portion and a tip portion in an insertion part of an endoscope includes a tubular vending structure, a rubber tube having both end portions covering the distal end neighboring region of the outer surface of the tube portion and the base end neighboring region of the outer surface of the tip portion, and fixing structures fixing the both end portions of the rubber tube to the distal end neighboring region and the base end neighboring region in a water-tight manner. The fixing structure for at least one of the both end portions of the rubber tube includes a string member including thermoplastic and winding many times in an adjoining manner on the outer surface of the at least one portion, the outer side areas of the windings of the string member being melted and fixed to each other.

Abstract: A method for marking synthetic stoppers comprising: a first step for producing a synthetic stopper, in which, during the process for manufacturing the synthetic stopper, an activator is inserted, the activator being mixed with the synthetic material with which the synthetic stopper is produced, and a second step for marking the synthetic stopper, in which a light beam strikes the synthetic stopper and is absorbed, generating heat, which generates a thermal reaction on the activator, and the thermal reaction degrades the activator proximate to the surface of the synthetic stopper, so that the activator assumes a different color in contrast with the color of the surface of the synthetic stopper, so as to make the intended marking visible.

Abstract: Disclosed is a paste pattern formation method comprising the steps of: forming a transfer pattern material on a film base material to prepare a transfer film; sticking the transfer film on a substrate on which a transfer pattern is formed so that the transfer pattern material contacts the substrate; separating the film base material from the transfer pattern material; filling a paste into the transfer pattern depression; solidifying the paste; and removing the transfer pattern material.

Abstract: Provided is a surface modification process in which the mixture molar ratio of air/hydrocarbon gas in a fuel gas including a reforming agent modifying compound containing a silane molecule silicon atom, titanium atom or aluminum atom, air and a hydrocarbon gas is set to a value in valu within a predetermined range, whereby a predetermined surface modification effect can be stably obtained for a solid material, regardless of differences of boiling points of reforming agent modifying compounds, environmental conditions of the surroundings, and the like. For this end, a flame produced from of the fuel gas, in which the mixture molar ratio of air/hydrocarbon gas is adjusted to 23 or more, together with a predetermined reforming agent modifying compound, is blown against toward the surface of a solid material by means of a surface modification apparatus.

Abstract: A process for fabricating ceramic composites employs a thermoplastic photo-curable pre-ceramic polymer in which the component is shape by a variety of standard composite fabrication techniques, such as filament winding, tape winding, and woven cloth winding. The process includes steps of passing ceramic fiber monofilament, tow, mat, or woven cloth through a solution of said thermoplastic photo-curable pre-ceramic polymer, applying ceramic fiber monofilament, tow, mat, or woven cloth to a moving flat substrate, using a compaction roller to press the thermoplastic pre-ceramic polymer coated ceramic fiber onto flat substrate using photo-light of the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared light spectrum to induce cross-linking (curing) of the photo-curable pre-ceramic polymer thereby rendering a thermoset polymer and either partially or completely pyrolyzing the now cured pre-ceramic polymer matrix coated ceramic fiber material.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for forming a nano-imprint lithography template having very high feature counts includes exposing a sub-template using electron beam lithography, the sub-template including a fraction of the template, transferring a first pattern from the sub-template to the template using nano-imprinting lithography, repositioning the sub-template, and transferring a second pattern from the sub-template to the template using nano-imprinting lithography, wherein the template includes the first pattern and the second pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiation-curable coating formulations specifically for plastic substrates. The present invention specifically relates to resinous Michael addition products of ?-dicarbonyl compounds and Lewis-functional multifunctional acrylate esters. The present invention further relates to methods of fabricating and using the inventive compounds.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, features can be directly imprinted into the surface of a solid substrate. Specifically, a substrate is directly imprinted with a desired pattern by the steps of providing a mold having a molding surface to imprint the pattern, disposing the molding surface adjacent or against the substrate surface to be imprinted, and irradiating the substrate surface with radiation to soften or liquefy the surface. The molding surface is pressed into the softened or liquefied surface to directly imprint the substrate. The substrate can be any one of a wide variety of solid materials such as semiconductors, metals, or polymers. In a preferred embodiment the substrate is silicon, the laser is a UV laser, and the mold is transparent to the UV radiation to permit irradiation of the silicon workpiece through the transparent mold. Using this method, applicants have directly imprinted into silicon large area patterns with sub-10 nanometer resolution in sub-250 nanosecond processing time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-component composite separate membrane and a method for preparing the same, and to a multi-component composite membrane comprising a support layer and active layers, wherein the support layer is located between the active layers.

Abstract: A surface-covering article and method of installing the same are described. The surface-covering article includes a top layer, a bottom layer, and reinforcing layer. The top layer is made of a first type of resin. The bottom layer is made of a second type of resin. The second type of resin of the bottom layer chemically bonds with the first type of resin of the top layer to join the bottom layer and the top layer. The reinforcing layer is disposed between the top layer and bottom layer and includes a material to distribute a load force throughout the reinforcing layer when the load force is applied to the surface-covering article.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminate, which has at least a portion where a fluorine resin and a crosslinking elastic adhesive body such as of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or the like are directly bonded together and which is used as a window material of buildings or mainly used as an outdoor electric member and also to a method for making the laminate. More particularly, the invention provides a surface-treating method of a fluorine resin suited to impart bonding properties to a fluorine resin for the laminate, to a laminate having a good property of bonding between the fluorine resin and the crosslinking elastic adhesive body, and also to a method for making such a laminate as mentioned above.