Abstract: A method for forming a hollow fiber bundle unit for insertion into an assisted breathing device comprising spinning a hollow fiber or hollow fibers, collecting multiple fibers into a bundle, filling the walls of the hollow fibers within the hollow fiber bundle with an humectant, coating the hollow fibers containing the humectant with a solution of an adhesive material, forming and drying the hollow fiber bundle coated with the solution, and preparing the hollow fiber bundle coated with the solution for insertion into the assisted breathing device.

Abstract: A compostable multilayer film includes a core layer having a first surface and a second surface, a first blocking reducing layer covering the first surface of the core layer, and a second blocking reducing core layer comprises a lactic acid residue-containing polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) below 20.degree. C. The first and second blocking reducing layers comprise a semicrystalline aliphatic polyester. The hydrolyzable polymer and have a T.sub.g above about 50.degree. C. The multilayer structure can be used for preparing bags and wrappers.

Abstract: An extrudable urea-extended thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is formed from at least one aliphatic diisocyanate, at least one polyester glycol or polyether glycol, and at least one diamine curing agent. At least one second diamine curing agent and/or at least one extrusion processing aid may be included. The polyurethane has high-temperature-resistance and is thus extrudable at high temperatures. The polyurethane is also strong and durable. The polyurethane can be liquid-cast, injection-molded, transfer-molded, sprayed, and extruded without changing either the chemistry or stoichiometry of the polyurethane. The polyurethane may be used for making vehicle air bags or other any application for thermoplastic urethanes which requires increased thermal stability.

Abstract: A process for producing LCP films that have improved tear resistance, improved balance of physical properties, and relatively wrinkle-free surfaces. An annular co-extrusion die is used to line the LCP with one or more surface layers of a nonadherent polymer before the LCP becomes shear oriented. The multi-layer tube formed by the co-extrusion is sealed, stretched and cooled by passing it over a sizing mandrel. The tube is slit open into a flat configuration.

Abstract: The tubular extrusion of a thermoplastic nonderivatized cellulose solution about a mandrel and through a long air gap in excess of 304 mm is facilitated by use of a mandrel which is extensible from the extrusion die. On extrusion start-up, the mandrel extends a short length from the die. For steady-state operation, the mandrel is extended its full length from the die. Also disclosed is a mandrel structure to facilitate the introduction of a nonsolvent liquid into the interior of the extruded tube at a high location on start-up of extrusion and at a lower location during steady-state operation.

Abstract: The tubular extrusion of a thermoplastic nonderivatized cellulose solution about a mandrel and through a long air gap in excess of 304 mm is facilitated by use of a mandrel which is extensible from the extrusion die. On extrusion start-up, the mandrel extends a short length from the die. For steady-state operation, the mandrel is extended its full length from the die. Also disclosed is a mandrel structure to facilitate the introduction of a nonsolvent liquid into the interior of the extruded tube at a high location on start-up of extrusion and at a lower location during steady-state operation. The mandrel also includes a sizing portion having circumferential grooves which gather gas bubbles that may evolve at the interface between the extruded tube and the sizing portion. Vertical channels in the sizing portion connect these grooves and provide the passage of gas bubbles into a volume below the mandrel.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing food into a tubular shape is provided in which a die for processing the food includes a guide plate having a material outlet and a cylindrical feed pin having a water outlet at its center co-axially housed in the material outlet. The guide plate and feed pin cooperatively define a ring-like opening. Food material is extruded out of the ring-like opening in a tubular shape. Simultaneously, hot water is expelled out of the water outlet of the feed pin, flows into and fills a hollow inside the tubular food material. The hot water in the hollow prevents the wall of the tubular food material from collapsing and also accelerates coagulation of the food material. Food material is thus continuously processed into a tubular shape. An extruding die for performing the described method is also provided.

Abstract: In a method for producing hollow polymer fibers, molten polymer is supplied to a rotating polymer spinner having a peripheral wall. The spinner rotates so that molten polymer is centrifuged through a first tube extending through the peripheral wall of the spinner to form fibers. Gas is introduced into the interior of the molten polymer to form hollow polymer fibers. The hollow polymer fibers are then collected as a product such as a mat. The hollow polymer fibers produced by the method are microfibers having an average outside diameter of from about 2.5 microns to about 62.5 microns.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of cellulose sheet by extrusion of a heated solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine-oxide, which method includes using an extrusion die with an extrusion orifice, characterised in that, immediately below the extrusion orifice there is provided an inlet for cooling gas to cool the extruded sheet. The method according to the invention is especially suitable for the preparation of cellulose tubular films.

Abstract: Tubular, biaxially stretched, heat shrinkable multilayer film food casings comprising inner and outer polyamide layers on either side of a core layer predominantly of one or more polyolefins such as VLDPE or EVA and a coextrusion process for making the film.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for forming hollow fibers, particularly a "Z-fiber" having longitudinally oriented trabeculae with the fiber wall, is provided. The nozzle assembly contains a replaceable nozzle cap, a replaceable seal-guide, and a retractable central bore used to supply core material for the hollow fibers. The Z-fibers are particularly useful in enabling cells, solutes, or the like, to enter the fiber wall and move longitudinally into the center of the fiber wall.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elastic film having improved properties. The elastic film can be blown, cast or cast embossed. The elastic film is processed by polymerizing olefins in the presence of a metallocene catalyst system.

Abstract: A dialysis membrane for hemodialysis in the form of sheet films, tubular films, or hollow fibers is composed of a polysaccharide ether. The polysaccharide ether has a structure given by the formula ##STR1## in which cell is the skeleton of the unmodified cellulose molecule or of the chitin molecule, each with no hydroxyl groups, s is equal to 3 for the unmodified cellulose molecule and 2 for the chitin molecule, and x is the degree of etherification, which is in the range from 0.001 to 0.079, and R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, and/or arylalkynyl group with 3 to 25 carbon atoms, and/or the radical of a heterocyclic compound with 3 to 25 carbon atoms, in which the carbon chain may be interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously manufacturing a reinforced, flexible, porous, tubular pipe. The reinforced, flexible porous tubular pipe comprises an extruded porous inner layer, spiral wound open mesh webbing surrounding the porous inner layer, and an extruded porous outer layer. A granular elastomeric material is blended with a polyethylene polymer thermoplastic and an emulsifier, heated and passed through a first extruding means to form a flexible, tubular porous inner layer. The porous inner layer is passed through a quick cooling means, then an open mesh webbing is spirally wound about the porous inner layer. The porous inner layer and the open mesh webbing are then passed through a second extruding means to form a porous outer layer. The reinforced, flexible porous tubular pipe is then cut to length and coiled to suit manufacturing preference.

Abstract: Antiabrasion curved section made of reinforced curved plastic material and comprising in at least one of a lower portion and an upper portion in antiabrasion material. A plurality of antiabrasion sections are produced inside a profiled mold having a plurality of grooves in which is arranged the antiabrasion material of the lower faces. Reinforced filaments impregnated with a stabilizable resin are supplied to the mold and, finally, the antiabrasion material of the upper faces is applied. The mold is wound on a mandrel and the plastic material is stabilized before removing the mold sections which form a unitary assembly dividable particulary during the stranding of arm rings.

Abstract: A process and extrusion die for making capillary channel structures having one or more intrastructure capillary channels. The process includes feeding a flowable, molten polymer composition through an extrusion die having an annular base orifice from which a plurality of capillary channel wall orifices radially extend. The extrusion die has a gas inlet port located interior to the annular base orifice. Simultaneous with feeding the polymer composition through the extrusion die's annular base and capillary channel wall orifices a gaseous stream is directed through the gas inlet port in the same direction as the flow of molten polymer composition. Subsequent to exit of the polymer composition from the extrusion die, the capillary channel structure is drawn to a desired size and cooled.

Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride resin pipe is produced for use as an inner lining for repairing or reinforcing sewerage pipes or other existing pipes. An airtight packing is disposed in the resin pipe and between a traction device and a reheating device, with the traction device pulling forwards the resin pipe which has been extruded from an extruder. An internal pressure is imparted to the resin pipe by introducing compressed air from a forward end thereof so that the resin pipe is depressed flat while being reeled up on a drum in such a state that an internal space is maintained without failure within the resin pipe. In use, a heating medium is fed into the resin pipe from its end so that it rapidly becomes soft uniform as a whole, whereby a defect-free inner lining is formed in the existing pipes.

Abstract: Heat-sealable films formed of a polybutylene terephthalate resin composition including between 50 to 95% by weight of a polybutylene terephthalate base resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 or greater, and between 5 to 50% by weight of a polycarbonate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.4 or greater melt-blended with the polybutylene terephthalate base resin.

Abstract: A method for making hollow fibers having a selective permeability, wherein a majority of the hollow fibers each has on the periphery thereof 1 to 10 fins extending in the longitudinal direction, and the occupancy ratio y of the sections, defined by the peripheries, of all the hollow fibers exclusive of the fin portions in the hollow fiber bundle to the section, vertical to the axial direction of the hollow fiber bundle, of the inner wall of the shell is within a range defined by the following formula (I):41-3.1.sqroot..alpha.x.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.61-3.1.sqroot..alpha.x (I)wherein x stands for the average fin number per hollow fiber in the hollow fiber bundle, and .alpha. indicates the ratio H/d of the average fin height H (.mu.)in the hollow fiber bundle to the average outer diameter d (.mu.) of the hollow fibers exclusive of the fin portions.

Abstract: A method for producing a sleeve having a closed end by extruding a forming material from a mouthpiece. A core member is arranged in position in the mouthpiece and has a piston member detachably provided in a tip end of the core member. The piston member has an air communication aperture. On the other hand, an outer die is arranged in the mouthpiece for forming an outer configuration of the closed end. As a result, an annular space is formed by the mouthpiece, core member and outer die. The forming material is then supplied into the annular space and extruded to form the closed end of the sleeve. After the outer die has been removed from the mouthpiece, the piston member is caused to slide relative to the mouthpiece and at the same time the air is blown into an inside of the closed end through the air communication aperture of the piston, while the forming material is further supplied and extruded from the mouthpiece to form the closed end sleeve.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inflation film of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of at least 5 dl/g, a tensile strength at break of at least 800 kg/cm.sup.2 in a machine direction and at least 700 kg/cm.sup.2 in a transverse direction, an impact strength of at least 5000 kg.multidot.cm/cm, a permeability to water vapor of 0.45 g.multidot.mm/m.sup.2 .multidot.24 hr or less, a shrinkage factor in a transverse direction at 130.degree. C. of 10% or more, and a thickness of 10 to 1000 .mu.m, and a method and apparatus for producing the same.

Abstract: A method is provided for heating fibrillated polyolefin film prior to crimping, to improve the crimping, and thus the yield and variability as a filter, of the tow. The fibrillated tow is crimped while still hot from the heating step. The resulting fibers have more uniform crimping at higher levels than those not subject to heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a food-packaging material comprising a heat-shrinkable, gas-barrier, multi-layer plastics film having an innermost layer of polyolefin resin to be contacted with the food to be packed, the food-packaging material being characterized in that the polyolefin resin layer has a surface treated by corona discharge.

Abstract: A process for forming high free volume, asymmetric gas separation membranes having graded density skins and macrovoid-free morphology from a solvent system comprising a Lewis acid, Lewis base, and a Lewis acid:base complex which dissolve hydrophobic polymers. The dopes have high total solids, high viscosity and low coagulation (g) values which enhance rapid gelation without the formation of macrovoids and which minimize densification. The dope solvent system complexes are readily disassociated by the coagulation medium and the component molecules are miscible in the medium which provides for rapid desolvation of the formed membrane thus providing a membrane having low residual solvent retention.

Abstract: A ceramic cylindrical body just after extrusion-molding is held on a porous support at a floating state by air pressure and dried while supplying air to the inside of the ceramic cylindrical body.

Abstract: The apparatus for calibrating a tubular foil bag comprises at least two iris aperture calibrating devices and at least one segment calibrating device. The iris aperture calibrating devices are spaced from each other and each have a plurality of iris aperture leaves, e.g. sickle shape leaves, which are movable and adjustable with a positioning ring which is mounted in an iris aperture housing. The segment calibrating device has a plurality of curved segments which make up a polygonal structure, which are connected to a plurality of supporting or carrying members and which are adjustable with the aid of an adjusting lever system. The segment calibrating device is positioned between two adjacent iris aperture calibrating devices and the supporting or carrying members are attached to at least one of the iris aperture housings for the iris aperture devices.

Abstract: A ceramic body is continuously extruded through a die of an extruder and held on a porous support at a slightly floating state by air pressure jetted from pores of the support.

Abstract: An extruding method for manufacturing an elongate strip partially having at least one cross-sectional T-shaped part composed of a head section and a leg section, which comprises extruding a material, partitioning the head section and the leg section in the vicinity of the exit end of the die, uniting the head section and the leg section naturally and solidifying the extruded strip. Hereby, recesses undesirably formed on the surface corresponding to the junction of the head section and the leg section composing the cross-sectional T-shaped part of the elongate strip when using methods heretofore known, can be prevented.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the oscillating pinch roll assembly or web handling apparatus includes a rotatable spindle having an input which accepts the tubular web. A pinch roller is mounted at the input. A plurality of rollers are circumferentially disposed around the pinch roller and the axis of rotation of those rollers is parallel to the center line of the tubular web. A turning bar is disposed in the interior of the spindle and turns the flattened web exiting the pinch rollers 90 degrees and feeds the horizontal web to a first roller of the plurality of rollers disposed at the periphery of the spindle. The traveling web always passes over this first roller. By rotating the spindle in an oscillatory manner about the center axis of the tubular web, the horizontally traveling, flat web is wound and unwound around the outer periphery of the spindle and is fed to a fixed idler roller.

Abstract: A workpiece position control apparatus, specifically an apparatus for controlling the diameter of blown film tube, is disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one fluid nozzle, pressure sensing means for signalling the pressure of a fluid passing through the at least one nozzle and impinging on a workpiece when the workpiece is in a first position and for signalling the pressure of the impinging fluid when the workpiece is in at least one second position, and controlling means for adjusting the position of the workpiece in response to signals from the pressure sensing means.

Abstract: Flattening and take-off apparatus for use with a device for providing a blown tubular film. The apparatus includes a flattening device for flattening the tubular film, and a cutting device for cutting one lateral edge of the flattened film. A pair of pinch rollers is provided and is driven to carry the cut and flattened film to an unfolding device, which is defined by a pair of edges that are inclined relative to the direction of movement of the film web, and over which respective ones of the juxtaposed portions of the cut flattened web are adapted to pass to define a single ply web. The pinch rolls include removable spacing rings to prevent the formation of a fold line on the opposite lateral edge from the cut edge of the flattened film. The unfolding device is movable laterally and parallel to the direction of movement of the film.

Abstract: An annular extrusion die for the production of a tubular thermoplastic film web material, such as an annular extrusion die including a filtering arrangement for the formulation of a more consistently or uniformly distributed polymer melt conveyed to the die orifice of the extrusion die which will impart improved properties to the extruded thermoplastic film material. Also disclosed is a method of producing an improved extruded thermoplastic film web material through the utilization of the inventive extrusion die arrangement. A cavity or die flow chamber within the body of the annular extrusion die is filled with a particulate inert material of either uniform granular size or of random sizes, so as to force the polymer melt being conveyed towards the die orifice to randomly flow through the interstices which are present between the particles of the granular material, and thereby uniformly fill the cavity.

Abstract: The apparatus of the invention provides gauge distribution in extruded plastic tubing, so that a more uniform roll thereof is obtained. The extruded plastic tube, usually blown to increase its diameter and decrease its wall thickness, is collapsed and passed through a diametrical slot in a rotor, which is rotated about a vertical axis so that any non-uniformity in wall thickness of the tube is distributed as much as possible around its periphery. The upwardly-moving tube passes over a skew member which turns it to move horizontally. Two spaced parallel end rollers are provided between one end of the slot and the rotor periphery, and each engages the tube during a respective 180.degree. of rotation to deliver the tube to a fixed roller on the apparatus frame from where it passes to the storage roll. Two deflection rollers are also provided on opposite sides of the slot, and each engages the tube in the rotation of the rotor close to zero and 360.degree.

Abstract: Vinylidene fluoride polymer films are provided having improved dielectric constants and tan .delta. values and which do not exhibit substantial shrinkage when heated to temperatures below the crystalline melt point. Processes for preparation of such films are presented.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manner of extruding multi-conduit pipes. A novel nozzle and a related method are disclosed whereby the extrusion of a pipe having multiple inner lengthwise subdivisions is made possible.

Abstract: Folding elements for forming gussets in a tubular film are provided in the mutually opposite open areas between a pair of flattening plates and the plates are reciprocable in the axial direction of the tubular film for an adjustment of the depth of the gussets. The folding elements are mounted to be pivotally movable in all directions and are guided to be transversely displaceable relative to the axis of the tubular film. Adjacent to their mutually opposite, upstream ends the folding elements are provided with adjusting means for imparting a pivotal movement which is transverse to the direction in which the depth of the gussets is adjusted and/or about their longitudinal axes in dependence on a measured deviation of the outer fold lines from their desired position. Sensors are provided for detecting the location of the outer fold lines of the gussets formed in the tubular film.

Abstract: Thin walled tubing formed of a melt spinnable synthetic polymer having a flow-through cross-section amounting to 30 to 95% of the total tubular cross-section and a breaking elongation of less than 100% prepared by melt spinning a synthetic polymer so as to form a tube and then drawing off the tube thus formed at a velocity which is greater than 3500 m/min. Preferably the process is carried out under utilization of the phenomena of natural fiber bending whereby the distance between the spinning means and the take-off means can be decreased.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing retortable cans is taught which includes the step of cable extruding a tube of plastic. Subsequently, a substantially gas-tight material is laminated to the outside of the tube and a plastic layer is laminated to the layer of substantially gas-tight material. Preferably, the gas-tight material comprises a metallic foil.

Abstract: Films, 0.5-10 mils thick, which are rapidly and completely soluble in cold water, and which are suitable for use as packaging film in automatic packaging equipment, can be prepared by conventional melt extrusion processes when prepared from a novel composition consisting essentially of 5-20 parts by weight of a polyethylene glycol (having an average molecular weight in the range between 325 and 550) in 100 parts by weight of a partially hydrolyzed low molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method of molding a tubular laminate comprising joining flows of a plurality of thermoplasticized resins together to prepare a laminated composite flow having two side edges, and then passing the composite flow having two side edges through an annular extrusion die to abut both side edges of the respective layers to each other in the die, thereby forming an integrated tubular flow.

Abstract: What is disclosed are methods and apparatus for coating a hollow synthetic resin tube with a pre-formed film coating by applying the film coating to an exterior surface of such a tube directly after extrusion, while the resin thereof is thermoplastic, and then passing them through a shaping channel while maintaining a modest pressure differential between the interior and exterior of the tube, whereby the film coating and tube are adhered by the compression thereof against the walls of the shaping channel.

Abstract: There is described a process for bi-axially stretching a tubularly-formed sheet of thermoplastic material in first and second stations wherein the first and second stations are provided with sets of rolls having generally sinosoidally-shaped grooves perpendicular and parallel, respectively, to the axis of each set of rolls to produce bags of improved strip tensile breaking strength.

Abstract: The heating of the powder of rigid polyvinyl chloride in an extrusion machine of known type presents difficulties and causes burning. According to the invention this is avoided by introducing continuously the raw material in the form of powder after intense mixing with stabilizer and plasticizer in the feed opening of a monoscrew extruder. The said monoscrew extruder has eight different zones: an introduction zone preferably without heating; a slightly heated compression zone; a heated homogenization zone (H); a plasticizing zone; a heated decompression zone (D); a heated degasifying zone (G); a heated compression zone (K.sub.2) and a heated expulsion zone.For the plasticizing there is inserted in the extrusion screw before the decompression zone (D) a ring (3) provided with calibrated bores (4 and 5) which obstruct, that is, delay the flow so as to plasticize it without having to increase the temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of a polyethylene film having improved tear strength in the transverse direction. The process involves extruding a partially crosslinked polyethylene into film having a thickness between 10 and 100 .mu.m, by a blown film process. The blow-up ratio is in the range of 1.2:1 to 4:1 and the MD draw-down ratio is in the range of 2 to 60. Polyethylenes used in the present invention had prior to being partially crosslinked a density in the range of 0.940 to 0.970 g/cm.sup.3 and a melt index in the range of 0.2 to 15.0 g/10 min. The polyethylene is crosslinked to an extent sufficient to provide a film having an Elmendorf tear strength in the transverse direction substantially less than the tear strength of film made from the uncrosslinked polyethylene. Crosslinking may be accomplished using any known method e.g. by irradiation, through use of crosslinking agents.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly has an upstream part which transforms a solid thermoplastic-resin strand into an upstream tube section which is centered on an axis and flows axially. Formations inside this upstream part impart rotation about the axis to at least a portion of the material of the upstream tube section. This upstream tube section is then deflected by a distributor radially outwardly and then forced through a plurality of generally angularly equispaced radially extending throttle passages in a throttle ring. The individual solid streams issuing from this throttle ring are united into a downstream tube section that is passed axially through a downstream nozzle part which is also provided with formations that impart rotation about the axis to at least a portion of the material of the downstream tube section. Eventually the tube issues from the downstream end of the downstream nozzle part as a large-diameter tube suitable for blow molding.

Abstract: The woven tubing is continuously advanced and is opened and backed from the inside in a certain region, in which plastics material tubing which is larger in diameter than the woven tubing is extruded and oriented around and is forced in a soft condition against the woven tubing and then cooled.

Abstract: An apparatus for the manufacture of transversely contoured tubing from thermoplastic material. The tube emerges in the plastic state from an extrusion nozzle and is guided into a mold composed of a plurality of mold sections in series, with inner side working surfaces forming the transverse contours. Each of the mold sections is composed of two mold halves which are arrayed along a straight molding run in two confronting rows and which are circulated. In the circulation, the first two mold halves are moved apart and out of the molding run at the end of the molding run and are guided to a return run on which they are separately returned to the beginning of the molding run where they are rejoined to the preceding mold half. The mold halves are guided on the return run in a continuous, accelerated and then decelerated movement by a transfer mechanism which couples and uncouples from the mold halves as actuated by pneumatic cylinders under the control of limit switches.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuously vulcanizing unsheathed and unvulcanized elastomeric or plastomeric material by passing the material through an enclosure, within which it is subjected to vulcanizing conditions, in the form of a helix, the helix convolutions in part contacting a drive member and idler member and in part being freely suspended. A resilient elastomeric diaphragm is disposed on the surface of one of the said members.

Abstract: In a process for forming a resin body, the thickness of the body is altered by altering the feed rate of raw material to an extruder and the screw rate of the extruder screw in such a relationship to alter the quantity extrusion rate without altering the amount of resin within the extruder.