Abstract: A dual-rate resilient isolator having a plurality of raised, generally conical bumps formed on an engagement surface thereof. The bumps in combination with a main body of the resilient isolator provide a dual-rate for isolating CRFM noise vibration and or other vibrations (via the relatively softer resiliency of the bumps) and isolating road vibration and shock (via the relatively harder resiliency of the main body) even though the bumps and the main body are composed of the same resilient material.

Abstract: An elastomeric bearing arrangement for the reduction of machine vibrations caused predominantly by externally acting forces. The bearing, due to its special design and construction symmetry, is capable of processing the forces occurring in all spatial directions with optimal material protection. The bearing is preferably suitable for a rotational connection of rotor/gearbox units to the support plate in wind turbines. The bearing has a sandwich element (5), a cone element (3), a cone piece (4) and a cylinder piece (4a) which interact with one another.

Abstract: A riser clamp (1) has two opposed clamp halves (2, 3), each of said clamp halves (2, 3) having a semicircular section (21,31) opposing the semicircular section of the other clamp half for surrounding a riser pipe. Each of said clamp halves has at the ends of its semicircular section radially extending clamp flanges (22, 32) to be clamped against the corresponding opposing clamp flanges of the other clamp half. The riser clamp (1) is in use supported from beneath by a support surface. At least one of two opposing clamp flanges is provided with an isolation member (4) comprising a resilient support strip (41), which support strip (41) is located below the corresponding clamp flange for resiliency supporting it. The isolation member (4) further comprises at least one web (42) extending upwardly from the support strip (41) along the corresponding clamp flange, wherein said web (42) is attached to the corresponding clamp flange.

Abstract: A method of controlling an elastomeric damper. The damper is heated by passing an electric current through the damper or through a heating element in contact with the damper said heating causing a decrease in stiffness of the damper. The elastomeric damper may comprise an elastomeric material filled with electrically conductive particles, and the damper may be heated by passing an electric current through the elastomeric material. Alternatively the damper may be heated using a discrete resistive heating element, such as a coil embedded within the elastomeric damper or wound around it.

Abstract: A vibration isolator for insertion into a support structure opening includes a first isolator body having a first body portion at a first body end and a first isolator wall extending from the first body portion toward a second body end. The first body portion has a larger perimeter than the second body end and defines a first fastener opening and the second body end defines a second fastener opening. The second fastener opening has a perimeter greater than the perimeter of the first fastener opening. The first body portion has a perimeter that is at least three times greater than the perimeter of the first fastener opening and at least two times greater than the perimeter of the support structure opening.

Abstract: A fuel assembly 20 is constituted by combining a plurality of fuel rods 21, holding the fuel rods 21 by a plurality of support grids 22, and arranging a lower nozzle 24 and an upper nozzle 23 at opposite ends of the fuel rods 21. A shock-absorbing device 10 for a fuel assembly is fitted to the lower nozzle 24 and the upper nozzle 23. The shock-absorbing device 10 for a fuel assembly is constituted a nozzle support 12 fitted to a depression 24U of the lower nozzle 24 and a depression 23U of the upper nozzle 23, and a buffer 11 combined with the nozzle support 12, with stiffness thereof in a longitudinal direction of the fuel rods 21 being equal to or lower than that of the nozzle support 12.

Abstract: A dynamic vibration absorber for a vehicle suspension system includes a spring elastically supporting a vehicle body on a vehicle frame, the spring including multiple coils, an isolator secured to at least one of the coils, at least a portion of the isolator being elastically displaceable in response to movement of said one of the coils, and a mass formed as unit with the isolator portion, and supported on the isolator for elastic movement.

Abstract: A vibration reduction mount (10) is provided having an improved construction in which the mount includes a housing element (12) having an opening (30) adapted to receive a core element (14) with the core element (14) being rotatable after insertion into the housing element (12) or interlocking the core element (14) in the housing element (12). An elastomeric material (16) is then injected into the housing element (12) in order to secure the core element (14) within the housing element (12) and to provide an elastomeric spring for reducing vibrations transmitted from a first member to a second member.

Abstract: A control circuit for an active engine mount is provided, including an electrical bridge circuit, and a pulse-width modulation (‘PWM’) circuit. The PWM circuit receives an input signal from a controller, and generates first and second PWM output signals. The first PWM signal, derived from the input signal, controls first and third switches of the electrical bridge circuit. The second PWM signal comprises a digitally inverted signal of the first PWM signal, and controls second and fourth switches of the electrical bridge circuit. First and second outputs of the bridge circuit are connectable to first and second terminals of the mount device. The controller receives an input signal from crank and cam sensors, as part of the control scheme.

Abstract: A work apparatus has at least one handle (12) and a drive motor (3). The handle (12) is connected to said drive motor (3) via at least one anti-vibration element (16, 17, 18, 19, 20). The anti-vibration element (18, 19) is held on a first housing part and coacts with a second housing part. To achieve good damping, the anti-vibration element (19) includes a damping section (25) having an annularly-shaped wall (35) which expands in the direction of the second housing part.

Abstract: A cushioning element includes a two-sided membrane. The membrane may be of any size and shape appropriate to a desired application. Units extend from each side of the membrane with units on one side staggered or offset from those of the other. Depressing a unit on one side of the membrane causes displacement of at least part of the other side of the membrane into the space opposite to the depressed unit. Releasing the depressed unit allows the membrane to return to at least substantially its previous position. Membrane resiliency may be consistent throughout an embodiment or part(s) may be differently resilient. Units may be consistent in resiliency, size and/or shape on one or both sides of an embodiment, or may vary on one or both sides. Membrane and units may be integrally made in whole or in part within an embodiment. The cushioning element may have vibration dampening characteristics.

Abstract: A fan module of the present invention is disclosed. The fan module is used to be fixed on a first bottom board of a chassis and includes a frame, a circuit board, a plurality of elastic gaskets, a plurality of fixing parts and a plurality of fans. The frame has a second bottom board having a plurality of first openings. The fans are disposed in the frame. The circuit board is fixed onto the frame between the second bottom board and the fans, and electrically connected to the fans. Each of the elastic gaskets is respectively locked at a first opening of the second bottom board and contacts and interferes the first bottom board and the circuit board. In addition, each of the fixing parts respectively goes through a first opening and an elastic gasket and is fixed on the first bottom board of the chassis.

Abstract: Provided is an anti-vibration rubber member wherein there is low friction resistance between the anti-vibration rubber member and a mating member, and a coating film is not prone to separation from a rubber elastic body, and a production method thereof. An anti-vibration rubber member absorbs at least a portion of the vibration of a mating member and has a sliding surface that is relatively in sliding contact with the mating member.

Abstract: This vibration-damping device (10) includes: a first main body component (11) that is linked to a vibration receiving portion; a second main body component (12) that is placed on the opposite side from a vibration generating portion so as to sandwich the first main body component (11); a linking component (13) that penetrates through the first main body component (11) and mutually links together the second main body component (12) and the vibration generating portion; main body rubber (14) that elastically links together the first main body component (11) and the second main body component (12) and that has the linking component (13) inserted through its interior space (K); a tubular stopper fitting (15) that is provided on the first main body component (11) and that surrounds from the outward side in the radial direction a rod-shaped contact portion (16) that is provided in the linking component (13); and tubular stopper rubber (17) that is mounted on at least one of an inner surface of the stopper fitting (

Abstract: An exhaust pipe support including an elastic body having a ring shape, the elastic body comprising: an upper attachment portion having an upper attachment hole; a lower attachment portion having a lower attachment hole; and a pair of arm portions mutually connecting the upper and lower attachment portion. A first reinforcement rib is integrally formed on each outer circumferential surface of the arm portions. An upper end thereof is located at a higher position than a connecting position of an inner circumferential surface of the arm portion and the upper attachment portion and at a higher position than the center of the upper attachment hole, while a lower end thereof is located at a lower position than a connecting position of the inner circumferential surface of the arm portion and the lower attachment portion and at a lower position than the center of the lower attachment hole.

Abstract: Impact attenuating/spring systems may include first and second body portions and at least one spring member at least partially included between the body portions. The spring member(s) may substantially enclose and/or be pivotally engaged with the body portion(s). The components of the impact attenuating and spring element may be arranged such that when a force is applied to the body portion(s), the spring member(s) will exert a counter force to urge the impact attenuating and spring element back toward its original orientation. The spring members may include one or more polymeric element that stretches under a tensile force. The impact attenuating and spring elements may be included in a piece of footwear or other device in a manner such that a user or a retailer (or others) can select an appropriate spring member (or portion thereof), e.g., depending on characteristics of the user or the intended use.

Abstract: A shock mount device for a container includes a variable spring rate assembly coupled to a shock retainer. The variable spring rate assembly is removable from the shock retainer without removing equipment from the container. The variable spring rate assembly includes a replaceable core that may be exchanged with a replaceable core having either a larger or smaller durometer depending on a weight-to-load ration of equipment in the container. Removing and replacing the replaceable core may include removing and replacing the entire variable spring rate assembly.

Abstract: To provide a vibration-damping support device that requires a smaller space for its own installation. A vibration-damping support device is provided with a rubber mount, a support member supporting the rubber mount thereon, and stoppers. The rubber mount is to be attached to a mounting platform for an object which is installed in a hydraulic excavator and is to be damped, for example, an engine that vibrates in vertical and horizontal directions, and has an elastic member of a rubber or like member for absorbing vibrations of the engine. The support member can be, for example, a support bracket to be fixedly secured on an unillustrated revolving frame. The stoppers are arranged integrally with the support bracket, and prevent an excessive deformation of the elastic member of the rubber mount under vibrations of the engine. The stopper is arranged on an upper side of the support bracket, while the stopper is arranged on a lower side of the support bracket.

Abstract: The invention relates to an elastic bushing having an elastic element and a holding element for receiving the elastic element. The holding element having an abutment region is spaced apart from a counter-abutment region of the elastic element such that a gap is formed in a neutral position of the elastic bushing. The abutment region and the counter-abutment region are substantially spherical in shape to form the gap.

Abstract: A thermally expandable material comprising a first thermoplastic elastomer having a first glass transition temperature, a second thermoplastic elastomer having a second glass transition temperature, wherein the first and the second glass transition temperature differ by at least 10° C.; at least one thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers and copolymers with at least one polymerizable C?C double bond, optionally at least one tackifying resin, at least one latent chemical blowing agent in an amount effective to cause the expandable material to expand at least 50% in volume when heated.

Abstract: The system is based on the combination of two parts (1 and 1?) of differing densities with complementary tilted protuberances (2 and 2?), coupled to form a single unit. These protuberances vary in shape, length and thickness so that systems of differing rigidity can be obtained, thus achieving cushioning in virtue of the said protuberances (2 and 2?), enabling the path of the force applied to be defined, thus achieving optimum cushioning force. The system is applicable to both pressure cushioning systems (mattresses, pillows, seats, etc.) and impact cushioning systems (footwear, wheels, helmets, etc.).

Abstract: An anti-vibration device comprising first and second strength members interlinked by an elastomer body adapted to work in compression mode along a main vibration axis is disclosed. The first strength member is fitted in a slider of a support, in a direction of fitting perpendicular to the main vibration axis. The first strength member is blocked in the slider by snap-fitting.

Abstract: Lateral displacement shock absorbing arrays include features allowing them to be effectively installed in environments including helmets having arcuate surfaces. Slotted webbing between adjacent tubes permits their respective axes to tilt with respect to one another to accommodate helmet shape. In this way, the slotted webbing permits each tube to assume an orientation with its axis perpendicular to a tangent to the outer surface of the helmet at that location so that the tube is best aligned with likely impacts. Plural arrays may be assembled together in numerous ways including using a piece of material to which they may be affixed through any one of numerous ways including tabs and slots, posts and holes, stapling, adhesives, laminating, and integrally molding the arrays and material as a one piece assembly. A variety of peripheral shapes for the tubes of the arrays are also contemplated as are numerous materials of construction.

Abstract: A resilient mount useful in a muffler assembly includes a support arm, a bracket arm and at least one resilient portion. In one example, the resilient portion comprises neoprene to provide a cushion between the support arm and the bracket arm. The resilient mount is for supporting at least one absorptive body within a housing and isolating the housing from vibrations of the absorptive body.

Abstract: A hydraulically damped mounting device has a first anchor part; a second anchor part being a hollow sleeve containing the first anchor part, with the first anchor part extending axially of the sleeve; first and second resilient walls interconnecting the first and second anchor parts, two walls being spaced apart to define an enclosed space within the sleeve extending circumferentially around the first anchor part and axially bounded by the resilient walls. First and second deformable walls extend axially between the resilient walls at circumferentially spaced locations, so as to divide the enclosed space into first and second chambers for hydraulic fluid. A passageway interconnects the first and second chambers. The deformable walls have a flap, the movement of which is controlled by support devices so that the flap deforms to allow fluid to pass between the chambers only at or above a predetermined fluid pressure.

Abstract: Impact attenuating/spring systems may include first and second body portions and at least one spring member at least partially included between the body portions. The spring member(s) may substantially enclose and/or be pivotally engaged with the body portion(s). The components of the impact attenuating and spring element may be arranged such that when a force is applied to the body portion(s), the spring member(s) will exert a counter force to urge the impact attenuating and spring element back toward its original orientation. The spring members may include one or more polymeric element that stretches under a tensile force. The impact attenuating and spring elements may be included in a piece of footwear or other device in a manner such that a user or a retailer (or others) can select an appropriate spring member (or portion thereof), e.g. depending on characteristics of the user or the intended use.

Abstract: A connecting bearing for elastic connection between at least two elements. The connecting bearing includes a first fastening device and a second fastening device. The first fastening device and second fastening device are each mechanically coupled by a elastomer means. The elastomer means is constructed and used as a vibration insulator.

Abstract: Impact-attenuation members include body portions, optionally with an arched structure, that define a base orientation and an open space; and a spring member extending across the open space and engaging the body portion(s). When a force is applied to the body portion(s) in at least some orientations and/or directions of incident force, e.g., so as to change the impact-attenuation member out of its base orientation, the spring member may exert a force that urges the impact-attenuation member back toward the base orientation. Various example structures for the impact-attenuation member are described. Such impact-attenuation members may be used in articles of footwear or other foot-receiving device products.

Abstract: A disk drive test slot includes a housing that defines a test compartment for receiving and supporting a disk drive transporter carrying a disk drive for testing. The housing also defines an open end that provides access to the test compartment for insertion and removal of disk drive transporter carrying a disk drive for testing. The disk drive test slot also includes a mounting plate connected to the housing. One or more isolators are disposed between the housing and the mounting plate. The one or more isolators are operable to inhibit transmission of vibrational energy between the housing and the mounting plate.

Abstract: A mount having an insulation body is arranged between a bearer and an elevator drive, wherein a fastening connects the elevator drive with the bearer. Plugs are embedded in the insulation body, wherein the plugs distributed in a grid-like manner in rows and columns over the insulation body. The plugs, which can be broken out, enable a uniform spring deflection in the case of different loading. The insulation body required for the respective application can be produced by breaking out the appropriate number of plugs.

Abstract: A vibration damping device (10) comprising an axisymmetric elastomeric body (20), which has a base side (40), a periphery (50), and a through hole (60). The body comprises an integrally bonded cup-shaped axisymmetric structure (70), which has a base portion (80), a side wall (90), and an opening (100) encompassing the through hole. The base portion and the side wall adjoin to the base side and periphery, respectively. The elastomeric body has a groove (110) encompassed by the side wall, which groove extends along and close to the periphery, and is adapted to receive a separately provided axisymmetric snubber member. A vibration damper assembly comprising two vibration-damping devices of said kind.

Abstract: A closure assembly for a vehicle pivotable between a closed position and a full open position, and a method of controlling its movement, is disclosed. The closure assembly includes a closure, a hinge mechanism attached to the closure, and a damper assembly. The damper assembly includes a damper actuator and a pneumatic closure damper, with the closure damper including a hollow bellows extending from a support base, an orifice and an end opposite the support base. The damper actuator is attached to the hinge mechanism and the support base is attached to the body structure such that the damper actuator is spaced from the end when the closure is in the closed position and the damper actuator is in contact with the end and compresses the bellows when the closure is in the full open position.

Abstract: An object is to restrict vibration from being transmitted to a shelf member and thus to prevent a substrate supported on the shelf member from being damaged. An FOUP main body 3a is formed into a member separated from a shelf member 3e provided in the FOUP main body 3a, and then an elastic member 3g is interposed between the FOUP main body 3a and the shelf member 3e, thereby allowing the shelf member 3e to be elastically supported to the FOUP main body 3a.

Abstract: An assembly of a shockproofing module and an electronic device carrier case includes an electronic device carrier case and a plurality of shockproofing modules. The electronic device carrier case has two side walls spaced apart from each other, and each of the side walls is formed with at least one hole. Each shockproofing module is disposed at a respective one of the holes in the side walls, and includes a shockproofing washer and a pin component. The shockproofing washer is disposed at the respective one of the holes in the side walls, and the pin component is extended into the shockproofing washer and causes a part of the shockproofing washer to expand in radial directions, thereby enabling the shockproofing washer to engage tightly the side wall and avoiding tilting of the pin component, thus enhancing the stability of the shockproofing modules disposed at the side walls.

Abstract: A seat damper assembly for a chair includes a rubber element having a through hole and a bracket seat having a major surface with a raised portion around a perimeter of the major surface. A support bracket is configured to be coupled with the bracket seat such that the raised portion abuts an outer edge of the support bracket. A side of the support bracket opposite the bracket seat is shaped to receive a portion of a chair frame assembly. A fastener, disposed in the through hole in rubber element, is configured to couple with a seat pan to secure the seat damper relative to the seat pan.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a chassis, an electronic element being fixed in the chassis, a mounting hole defined in a bottom edge of the electronic element, and a vibration dampening structure inserted in the mounting hole. A through hole is defined in a center portion of the vibration dampening structure, the vibration dampening structure including a first dampening portion and a second dampening portion and a fastener inserted in the through hole to fix the electronic element in the chassis. The fastener includes a head. The first dampening portion prevents the head of the fastener from contacting the bottom edge of the electronic element, and the second dampening portion preventing the bottom edge from contacting the chassis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing transmission of mechanical waves according to various aspects of the present invention comprise a set of isolators and a series of stops configured to isolate a piece of equipment in a projectile. The stops serve to limit the amount of stress loading placed on the isolators during transient events where loads associated with launch of the projectile or deployment of flight control surface might damage the isolators or cause the equipment to fail.

Abstract: A brushless motor includes a rotor; a motor shaft supporting the rotor; a bearing section radially supporting the motor shaft; a thrust receiving section receiving an end of the motor shaft in the thrust direction; and an elastic damper ring being fitted on the motor shaft, the elastic damper ring being located between a circular groove, which is formed in the vicinity of the end of the motor shaft received by the thrust receiving section, and an end face of the bearing section.

Abstract: There are a series of different length sized stone or engineered stone vanity tops that when used in conjunction with a standard sized “divider”, that incorporates a tissue box holder and/or a granite cup holder, longer vanity cabinets can be covered and smaller crates and boxes can be used for shipping. The present invention also provides that the packaging in the boxes is of a unique design in that no matter how the box is placed flat on the floor, the vanity top or divider slab will never be horizontal (which is its weakest position), but always be on an angle or vertical (which is its strongest position). The present invention also provides for integral reinforcement and clip within the vanity top itself that strengthens the area around the sink hole and allows the undermount sink to be fastened to the vanity top easily and in a non-permanent fashion.

Abstract: A driving device for a hatch in a motor vehicle includes a first fastening element which can be connected to a stationary structural component, a second fastening element which can be connected to a movable structural component, and a housing tube fixed to the second fastening element and extending toward the first fastening element. A spindle drive includes a threaded spindle and a nut fixed in a spindle tube connected to the first fastening element by a bolt, wherein the spindle can be driven in rotation to move the first fastening element axially relative to the housing tube. An elastomeric decoupling element between the spindle tube and the bolt decouples the spindle drive from the first fastening element in order to damp noise and vibration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an absorbent covering having high damping power, the covering being secured to a structure (20) and being provided with an absorbent layer (10) of elastic material (4). Remarkably, said absorbent layer (10) comprises a dissipater mesh arranged in the elastic material (4) and constituted by a plurality of nodes (2) and of dissipater elements (1), which dissipater elements are advantageously elliptical in shape.

Abstract: An engine mount insulator is interposed between a chassis frame and an engine, and includes a lower housing including flanges fixed to a lateral side of the chassis frame by means of a bolt, and a reverse-V shaped plate provided between the flanges and extending toward the engine; an upper housing including a body, a predetermined portion of which is fixed to one side of the engine by means of a bolt, and wings having a reverse-V shape and extending downward from both sides of the body; a rubber member having a rectangular shape and including a first side assembled with an inner surface of the wings of the upper housing, and a second side assembled with the lower housing; and a side plate assembled with the upper housing by means of a bolt so as to support the rubber member from a lower portion of the rubber member.

Abstract: A vibration-isolating device for a steering wheel of a travelling working vehicle equipped with a wheel steering mechanism includes a first steering shaft (32) that transmits rotational displacement, the first steering shaft being operatively connected to the steering wheel (7); a second steering shaft (33) that transmits rotational displacement, the second steering shaft being operatively connected to the wheel steering mechanism (P, 23); and a vibration-isolating connecting mechanism (31) that operatively connects the first steering shaft (32) and the second steering shaft (33) to each other so that rotational displacement can be transmitted. When the angles of rotational displacement of the first steering shaft (32) and the second steering shaft (33) are within ranges of rotation angles for linearly driving the vehicle, rotational displacement cannot be transmitted between the first steering shaft (32) and the second steering shaft (33).

Abstract: There is provided a vibration damping device including; a pair of rubber arm portions connecting an inner fitting and an outer fitting to each other in the horizontal direction; and a rubber leg portion connecting in the vertical direction; the paired rubber arm portions are formed so that the thickness thereof decreases gradually from the inner fitting side toward the outer fitting side, and the rubber leg portion is formed so that each of both side surfaces is formed by an inwardly depressed curved surface, and is formed into a curved broaden shape toward the outer fitting side. Thereby, a spring constant in the horizontal direction is increased advantageously while a spring constant in the vertical direction kept large, and the durability of the rubber elastic body can be increased effectively.

Abstract: A damping device, particularly for vehicle suspensions, the vehicles being of the type that comprises a chassis to which at least one fork, adapted to accommodate rotatably a wheel, is articulated. At least one shock-absorbing element with viscoelastic behavior is interposed between the chassis and the fork. The damping device comprises a block made of a material that can be deformed, substantially in an elastic manner, and is interposed between the chassis and the fork, in a configuration for intercepting the stroke of the fork with respect to the chassis, if the stroke of the fork exceeds a limit value that is preset by the constructive characteristics of the vehicle.

Abstract: A support (10) for a motor, particularly for a motor vehicle heating, ventilation and/or air-conditioning unit blower, includes a more or less cylindrical hollow sleeve (20) intended to accept the motor, and a fixing housing (30) intended to accept the hollow sleeve (20). The support (10) also includes insulating pads (40) and longitudinal strands (60) for absorbing vibrations.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit is elastically supported by means of elastomer elements, through which bolts pass, on two legs of a mounting bracket that extend perpendicular to one another. The leg of the mounting bracket has recesses, open counter to the mounting direction of the unit, for receiving the elastomer element. With clamping means disposed on the bolt, the elastomer element is axially shortened and pressed against both the recess and side faces, located on either side of the recess, of the leg of the mounting bracket. With the shortened elastomer element, a positive and nonpositive engagement with the leg of the mounting bracket is achieved.

Abstract: An elastomer bush bearing is disclosed with at least one axial limit stop. An elastomeric bush bearing is provided with a damping characteristic that can be adapted to the respective application and/or to changing preloads. The bearing is constructed in that a stop face formed on the bearing body and the opposing stop face, arranged on the inner sleeve or on a stop element supported by the inner sleeve, which can be rotated relative to each other in the circumferential direction of the bearing by an actuator or can be displaced relative to each other in the axial direction. The mutual separation between the stop faces determined by the gap changes simultaneously with a corresponding relative motion of the stop faces effected by a rotation of the actuator.

Abstract: A vibration damper assembly includes a mass, a retaining member and an elastomeric member bonded to the mass and the retaining member. The retaining member includes a constraining device that prohibits the mass from being disassembled from the retaining member should the elastomeric member or the bond deteriorate.

Abstract: A damping element shaped as a cylindrical hollow body having an end-side stop and a wall surrounding the body with annular flanges extending around the wall spaced relative to one another. The annular flanges and the wall between the annular flanges have different thicknesses. A method for producing the damping element, includes first producing a blank of the cylindrical hollow body and subsequently upsetting the body to simultaneous shorten it in the direction of the upsetting force by at least 20% of its original length. Then, the walls of the cylindrical hollow body are convexly arched between the annular flanges to form a bellows-like configuration.