Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and a process involving fluid jet devices for intermingling filaments of a continuous filament yarn or yarns, including combining a plurality of yarns to produce a larger coherent yarn. More particularly, the invention relates to fluid jets having a passageway through which yarn moves, where the yarn is positioned and maintained along one wall as it passes through the passageway and where the fluid-directing orifice in the jet is offset with respect to the passageway in the direction of the wall. The apparatus and the process are useful in producing heather yarns with superior yarn blending and along-end uniformity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluid jet interlacing device for commingling yarns. The interlacing device features notches in the inlet and exit orifices which provide for better wear resistance and evenness between related devices.

Abstract: An air processing apparatus is disclosed having a feed roll pulling yarn from a source and feeding it to an air entangler at a feed rate. The yarn is entangled by a high pressure air stream in the air entangler, and a delivery roll pulls the yarn from the entangler at a delivery rate. The rolls are driven independently and independent controls are provided to independently vary the feed rate and the delivery rate to achieve a desired overfeed or underfeed of the yarn. A display shows the ratio of the feed rate to the delivery rate. A slub making apparatus feeds yarn to the entangler from a second source of yarn and includes a tensioner for tensioning the yarn as it is fed to the air entangler. An actuator selectively releases tension on the yarn from the second source so that it is rapidly overfed and the air entangler produces a slub in the entangled yarn.

Abstract: An apparatus for entwining the fibers of slivers of stretch break-conversion machines, cut-conversion machines, carding operations, drawing operations, etc., with the slivers including individual fibers that are initially disposed essentially parallel to one another. To improve the cohesion of the fiber slivers, and to make it possible to transport and further process the slivers without difficulty, and without limiting the range of application of the previously advantageous conventional processes, it is proposed to convert the fiber sliver into a sliver having an essentially flat shape, to deflect a portion of the fibers of the sliver from their parallel orientation, and to further deflect the already deflected fibers in the direction that is essentially perpendicular to these fibers, with this further deflecting step effecting entwining of the deflected fibers with those fibers that are still disposed in the parallel orientation.

Abstract: An arrangement for the entanglement of multi-filament thread can entangle warp threads travelling from spools on a creel to a warping machine. This arrangement has a jet arm adapted to communicate with a source of compressed air. The arrangement has a plurality of adjacently placed plates. Each adjacent pair of the plates has a separating element located between each. These plates are positioned to provide between them a plurality of parallel channels. Each of these channels is shaped as an outwardly directed slot having side walls formed by a corresponding adjacent pair of the plates. The slot has a base formed by the separating element corresponding thereto. For each adjacent pair of the plates, at least one of them includes: (a) a reservoir adapted to communicate with the source of compressed air, and (b) a bore in the side wall communicating with the reservoir for acting as a perpendicularly directed air jet.

Abstract: This process for making antistatic filaments utilizes a specific mixture of compounds in order to suffuse electrically conductive particles into a filamentary polymeric substrate by forwarding the substrate through a grooved roll-type mix applicator. The mixture comprises a dispersion of the electrically conductive particles in liquid solvent which is a mixture of formic acid and a member selected from the group consisting of an amide, a carboxylic acid other than formic acid, an alcohol, an ester, a ketone, an ether, and a hydrocarbon. The process provides advantages over the prior art in permitting the use of high processing speeds, enabling easy stringup, and allowing the use of knotty and/or slubby filamentary substrates.

Abstract: An air processing apparatus is disclosed having a feed roll pulling yarn from a source and feeding it to an air entangler at a feed rate. The yarn is entangled by a high pressure air stream in the air entangler, and a delivery roll pulls the yarn from the entangler at a delivery rate. The rolls are driven independently and independent controls are provided to independently vary the feed rate and the deliver rate to achieve a desired overfeed or underfeed of the yarn. A display shows the ratio of the feed rate to the delivery rate. A slub making apparatus feeds yarn to the entangler from a second source of yarn and includes a tensioner for tensioning the yarn as it is fed to the air entangler. An actuator selectively releases tension on the yarn from the second source so that it is rapidly overfed and the air entangler produces a slub in the entangled yarn.

Abstract: The apparatus for interlacing a multi-filament yarn within an interlacing passage comprises a body member containing at least one substantially spherical recess for receiving a substantially spherical air jet or blow nozzle element selectively movable in predetermined directions to provide two-dimensional adjustability thereof. Due to this selective movability of the substantially spherical air jet or blow nozzle element, there exists the possibility of controllably moving the air stream issuing from the air jet or blow nozzle element so as to interlace the filaments of the multi-filament yarn. The air stream can be moved within a predetermined operating range in order to thereby optimize the interlacing of the multi-filament yarn.

Abstract: Apparatus for the effective manufacturing of bulk yarn employing fluid and comprising two assembled blocks of simple geometric form. The apparatus is characterized by a yarn path part having a polygonal cross section which is defined by planes arranged in the yarn-travelling direction. A part of the yarn path part, however, is provided with a fluid-jetting opening and is constructed with a different cross-section. That part, the yarn-treating section, is defined by curved faces and planes having a cross-section larger than that of the polygonal cross-section of the yarn path part. The bottom part of the yarn treating section has a curved face with said fluid-jetting opening therein, a separate covering part encloses the yarn path part to tunnel-like member.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for simultaneously air jet entangling a plurality of advancing multifilament yarns. The apparatus includes a plurality of elongate air jet beams, with each beam having a longitudinal air passageway extending along its length, and at least one row of closely spaced air jet nozzle heads supported along each of the beams. Each of the nozzle heads includes a plurality of individual yarn entanglement nozzles and a central air chamber connecting the central air chamber to the air passageway. Also, an air jet aperture communicates between the air passageway and the yarn duct of each entanglement nozzle for directing an impinging airstream against an advancing yarn passing through the duct. The beams are mounted for adjustment on a supporting frame so that the nozzle heads may be positioned in proper alignment with a sheet of yarns passing therethrough. The beams may be rectangular or round in cross section and the nozzle heads are releasably connected along the length of the beams.

Abstract: A filament jet entangler comprising a supporting bracket and a jet insert mounted thereon, the jet insert including a cylindrical yarn confining passage extending therethrough and intersected by a pair of coplanar fluid jet ports whose axes intersect at the cylindrical wall defining the yarn confining passage and define an included angle of about 48.degree..

Abstract: The apparatus for interlacing a multi-filament yarn within an interlacing passage comprises a slide member movable at essentially right angles to the interlacing passage. The slide member has a jet or blow nozzle opening into the interlacing passage. The slide member is selectively movable in predetermined directions. Due to this movability of the slide member there exists the possibility of moving the airstream issuing from the jet or blow nozzle so as to interlace the filaments of the multi-filament yarn. The airstream can be moved within a predetermined operating range in order to thereby optimize the interlacing of the multi-filament yarn. The movement of the slide member is effected by means of a pressure pin or bolt which displaces the slide member against the force of a compression spring.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for simultaneously air jet entangling a plurality of advancing multifilament yarns. The apparatus comprises a plurality of elongate air jet beams, with each beam having a longitudinal air passageway extending along its length, and a plurality of parallel yarn ducts extending transversely through the beam. Also, an air jet aperture communicates between the air passageway and each yarn duct for directing an impinging airstream against an advancing yarn passing through the duct. The beams are mounted to a supporting frame, with the beams being horizontally disposed and vertically spaced apart, and the beams are each mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis which extends longitudinally along its length, and the supporting frame is itself mounted for rotational movement about a horizontal axis which is parallel to the rotational axes of the beams.

Abstract: A twist producing device for a thread-shaped textile product moving in the longitudinal direction thereof includes a housing with a thread inlet side, a thread channel formed at the thread inlet side of the housing having a given open cross-sectional area permitting passage of a thread, an expansion chamber disposed in the housing downstream of the thread channel in the longitudinal direction having an open cross-sectional area being larger than the given area and defining an outer wall, an annular pre-expansion chamber with an open cross-sectional area formed in the housing surrounding the thread channel and defining an outer wall coextensive with the outer wall of the expansion chamber, means formed in the housing for supplying compressed air, and at least one air injection orifice with an open cross-sectional area leading from the compressed air supply means and discharging tangentially into the pre-expansion chamber, the compressed air supply means, the open cross-sectional area of the air injection orifi

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing air entangled yarn from a plurality of yarn ends. A group of individual yarn ends is gathered into a sliver, passed through a yarn tensioner, then wrapped around a pair of rotating rolls. The sliver is carried from the rolls into an air entangling head, and the entangled yarn is removed from the air entangling head and wrapped around the pair of rotating rolls. From the rolls, the entangled yarn is carried through a yarn tensioner and wound up into a standard package. Since the entangling of the individual yarns causes shortening of the sliver, tension is created in the sliver before the air entangling head, and this tension tightens the wrapping around the rotating rolls. The same tension is reflected in the entangled yarn leaving the air entangling head, and this tension tightens the wrapping of the entangled yarn around the rotating rolls.

Abstract: An air jet nozzle is disclosed which is adapted for imparting entanglements to continuous filament synthetic yarns. The nozzle includes a body member having a yarn passageway therethrough, and a transverse air inlet channel which communicates with the yarn passageway. A yarn threading slot is provided along the length of the yarn passageway for permitting a running yarn to be introduced laterally into the passageway, and a closure plate is mounted so as to be disposed in and substantially close the slot at the periphery of the yarn passageway. The closure plate serves to avoid any disruption of the air currents and thus the entangling process which may otherwise be caused by the presence of the yarn threading slot.

Abstract: Apparatus for the production of fixed point multifilament yarns with a whirling unit provided with a passage (15) through which the filaments to be whirled are driven and whirled together as at least one blasting nozzle injects gas into said passage. To obtain high filament feed rates and provide for the desired fixed points the blasting nozzle is in the form of a De Laval nozzle (20) whose jet is directed at an angle or perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the passage (15).

Abstract: An improved process (and apparatus) for intermingling filaments of a yarn or yarns with a fluid-jet device employs long narrow tubular guides to peripherally constrain vibrations in the yarn upstream, and optionally downstream, of the intermingling zone. The apparatus and process can be used with differentially dyeable bulked supply yarns to make a heather dyeable yarn for carpets.

Abstract: Continuous multifilament glass fiber roving of from 300 to 10,000 tex is rendered catenary-free without twisted by passing it at from 150 to 300 meters/minute through an air treatment zone in which it is exposed to air at from 400 to 600 KN/meter.sup.2 at a volume throughput of from 0.5 to 1.5 cubic meters/minute, the air treatment being carried out in the absence of positive overfeed whereby there is no bulking of the roving, followed by winding the treated roving into a package.

Abstract: Thread splicing device, including a stationary base body having a first compressed-air canal formed therein, a splicing head being interchangeably connected to the base body, the splicing head having a second compressed-air canal formed therein being in communication with the first compressed-air canal formed in the base body, the splicing head having a plurality of air discharge nozzles formed therein being in communication with the second compressed-air canal formed in the splicing head, and the splicing head having a splicing chamber formed therein being in communication with the air discharge nozzles formed in the splicing head, the splicing chamber including a selectively coverable longitudinal slot for inserting and joining threads.

Abstract: Thread joining device, including a stationary basic body having a channel for compressed air formed therein, a splicing head having formed therein a splicing chamber for inserting and joining threads and a compressed air channel for communication between the splicing chamber and the channel formed in the basic body, and means for easily exchangeably fastening the splicing head to the basic body.

Abstract: A comingling jet having a body or housing through which a right cylindrical yarn chamber extends and an air entry orifice which intersects and communicates with the yarn chamber so that their axis are perpendicular to one another. An adjustable pin assembly is provided at the entry opening of the yarn chamber to modify the air flow characteristics of the yarn chamber.

Abstract: Provided is a body member having two planar orthogonal yarn-treating faces. Secured to the body member is a cover member having a coacting surface which is either (a) planar or (b) concave, partial conical. The coacting surface of the cover member is spaced from the first of the yarn treating faces to form a yarn passageway. A pair of fluid conduits is provided in the body member, one conduit terminating perpendicularly to each of the yarn treating faces in an orifice therein which is positioned to direct fluid against the surface of the cover member. Fluid is supplied to the conduits from a suitable source, and a mechanism is provided for controlling the velocity and direction of travel of a multifilament yarn into and out of the yarn passageway, most desirably in a traversing movement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interentangling ends of multi-filament yarn and tow which involves subjecting the overlapped ends to jets of gaseous fluid to interentangle the ends. The method involves employing a plurality of jets, one of which tends to rotate at least one of the filaments, and the other of which tends to move the filaments transversely. The jets act on the filaments when they are in motion from a previous jet. The apparatus provides a chamber for containing the overlapped ends and for defining the jets.

Abstract: An apparatus for commingling yarn. The apparatus has an inner body having a yarn passageway with a diameter of about 1/4 inch to 5/16 inch. There are orifices through which a high pressure fluid such as air pass to the yarn passageway. The orifices have a diameter of about 0.060 to 0.80 inches.

Abstract: An apparatus to recover and restring a broken threadline in a processing multiple running threadlines includes a waste suction device to collect the broken threadline, an interlacing jet to splice the broken threadline onto a running threadline, a forwarding jet to maintain tension on the broken end, a coanda surface at the exit end of the forwarding jet to deflect the broken end into the suction device. While the broken end travels over a notched swing pin to the waste suction device the swing pin is moved to contact the running end which is pulling the broken end spliced to it forward. The action of the swing pin and a pin or cutter blade at the exit of the forwarding jet serves to sever the filaments of the tensioned broken-end threadline which results in a double end running to a sucker gun at the windup. The ends are then separated, placed in the proper guides and restrung.

Abstract: Method for producing an interlaced multifilament yarn comprising previously rubbing and scratching a material multifilament yarn with an intensity such that the individual filaments constituting the multifilament yarn are not substantially broken by a rotary rough surface member having sharp projections which are smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the individual filaments of the multifilament yarn; then diffusing at least one jetted fluid, each jetted in the yarn running direction along a predetermined yarn passage from a jetting aperture of a supply conduit; and then impinging the diffused jetted fluid against the running material multifilament yarn so that the individual filaments of the multifilament yarn mostly vibrate in a direction which is substantially parallel to a plane defined by the yarn running direction and the fluid jetting direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing interlaced multifilament yarn having an improved configuration is disclosed. When a material yarn is treated by an interlacing apparatus provided with an interlacing nozzle wherein a hollow longitudinal space is formed therein and a jetted fluid is introduced into the hollow longitudinal space, the jet fluid is directed to an axis of the passage of a running yarn in the longitudinal space along a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the yarn passage in such a condition that the jet fluid is diffused to a direction along the yarn passage. Accordingly, the individual filaments of the running yarn are vibrated about the axis of the running yarn passage, mainly along a plane defined by the axis of the yarn passage and the axis of a fluid conduit for supplying the jet fluid. According to such effective vibration of the individual filaments, a very stable interlaced configuration of the individual filaments can be created.

Abstract: Yarn treating apparatus having a yarn treating chamber formed therein which is surrounded by a first wall lying on a flat plane extending axially and a second wall connected to the sides of the first wall and constituted with a plurality of flat surfaces, a curved surface, or a plurality of curved surfaces or a combination thereof. The second wall is symmetrical with respect to an imaginary standard plane, perpendicular to the first wall and axially extending. A plurality of fluid jet nozzles is formed on the second wall, and fluid jet flows symmetrical with the imaginary standard plane are ejected from the fluid jet nozzles and meet with each other on or above the first wall before they reach it or on the first wall while they blow towards the first wall.

Abstract: Air jets are normally designed for interlacing a particular size or type of multifilament yarns and are not normally designed for universal use in interlacing different types and sizes of yarns. The present interlacing air jet is provided with a rotationally adjustable air directing pin (27) provided with an air passageway (26) communicatively connecting an air entry passage (20) with a yarn processing bore (11) extending through the body (10) of the air jet. An annular groove (32) is also provided in the air directing pin (27) for directing air in semicircular paths of travel around the air directing pin (27). Rotational adjustment of the air directing pin (27) provides selective variation of the angle at which the air enters the yarn processing bore (11) and engages the yarn passing therethrough so that the air jet can be used to interlace different types and sizes of yarns.

Abstract: A process and a device for interlacing multifilament yarns includes forwang the yarn through an interlacing zone, to which an interlacing air jet is also conveyed through a nozzle, in a non-rectilinear trajectory which is essentially planar and symmetrical with respect to the jet axis, and under tension. The resultant of the tension forces have a line of application which ideally coincides with the jet axis and a direction opposite to that of the jet. The jet is so directed as to contact the yarn in a zone about the point of application of the resultant force. The nozzle includes an orifice located at the vertex of a convex surface directed towards the yarn trajectory, and means for guiding the yarn near the nozzle and for limiting the freedom of motion of the yarn.

Abstract: A jet tangler is provided having a sharply angled passageway for the yarn and having a special air passageway arrangement which minimizes or substantially eliminates the aspiration effect encountered in jet tanglers of the prior art, especially at low tension. The tangler operates efficiently at low or high yarn tension, on texturized or as-produced yarn.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing slubby strands in which a textile strand is passed either over a surface or through a slubbing tool. The surface, if employed, may include a plurality of fluid passages positioned therein. As the strand passes over the surface or through the slubbing tool, high pressure fluid is introduced onto the surface of and through the strand. The high pressure fluid passes through the strand. This passage of fluid through the strand causes the strand to twist and bulk along its length to form a slub which is rapidly removed from the working surface of the slubbing surface or tool as a consolidated slub positioned on the strand. When a surface is employed, the surface may be a moving surface and when the surface includes a plurality of fluid passages, the passages may be vented at a point below the surface. Various apparatus for carrying out the novel method are disclosed as is the novel strand produced thereby.

Abstract: An interlaced multifilament yarn having a balanced compactness and bulkiness, composed of compact and open portions alternately appearing along its length, said compact portions having a fairly uniform configuration of interlacement. The yarn is prepared by bringing a running bundle of filaments in contact with two bending members for bending the thread-line so as to fix the thread-line between them and air jet interlacing the filaments as they pass between the bending members while forming such a stabilized thread-line.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing an interlaced multifilament yarn having a balanced compactness and bulkiness, composed of compact and open portions alternately appearing along its length, the compact portions having a fairly uniform configuration of interlacement. The yarn is prepared by bringing a running bundle of filaments in contact with two bending members for bending the thread-line so as to fix the thread-line between them and interlacing the filaments with an air jet as they pass between the bending members while forming such a stabilized thread-line.

Abstract: Textile strand stabilization by filament interlacing is provided by means of jet apparatus having a longitudinal strand-receiving bore intercepted by at least one fluid-receiving bore substantially perpendicular thereto and to its minor transverse axis. Fluid injected into the fluid-receiving bore establishes within the longitudinal bore a vortex-like flow configuration substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and to the minor transverse axis of the longitudinal bore. The apparatus preferably has a plurality of fluid-receiving bores offset along the longitudinal axis by distances up to the width of a fluid receiving bore.

Abstract: A continuous yarn structure comprising at least one yarn element formed from a plurality of continuous filaments or a plurality of staple fiber lengths, the yarn structure comprising periodically repeating lengths of high bulk, substantially unentangled continuous filaments or staple fiber lengths alternating with lengths of compacted continuous filaments of staple fiber lengths in which substantially all filaments or fiber lengths are mutually entangled throughout the volume of the compacted lengths.Also disclosed is a method for producing such yarn. The method comprises the steps of feeding at least one multiple filament yarn element or multiple staple fiber element under tension to a first treatment zone having a predetermined cross-sectional area; continuously directing a fluid at the yarn element in a direction substantially perpendicular to the travel of the element, the fluid being applied at a pressure of at least about 100 p.s.i.