Abstract: The within disclosure provides devices, methods and systems for use in authenticating hydrogen fuel tanks or cartridges utilizing unique identifier elements, physical conformations and combinations of same. A user may place a hydrogen cartridge with a hollow body and a shaped body and/or dispensing end in a carriage having a fluid communication means and said fluid communication means matching said shaped body and/or dispensing end, whereby a tank mating to the carriage is limited to matching shaped cartridge and carriage.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a substrate includes a chamber providing a space in which processes are performed, a contaminant measurement substrate including a base material configured to collect contaminants, and laser marks on the base material and defining coordinates of the base material, a first stage disposed inside the chamber, and upon which the contaminant measurement substrate is seated during collection of the contaminants of the chamber, a second stage disposed outside the chamber, and upon which the contaminant measurement substrate is seated during measurement of the contaminants of the chamber collected on the contaminant measurement substrate, and a contaminant measurement light source disposed on an upper portion of the second stage and configured to irradiate the contaminant measurement substrate seated on the second stage with light during the measurement of the contaminants of the chamber collected on the contaminant measurement substrate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of motor vehicle sheet blanking and a system of the same, wherein the blanking method comprises: firstly, nesting for motor vehicle sheet material, and cutting it into group sheets with a shape and size confirmed by the multi length of the sheet; next, designing a backing die depending on scraps to be cut from the group sheet, and hollowing in areas corresponding to blanking openings in the backing die, in which the dimensions of the blanking openings are greater than that of the actual scraps to be cut; then, placing a group sheet onto the backing die; laser cutting the group sheet based on the shape of motor vehicle sheet, the cut scraps dropping through the blanking openings in the backing die onto a scrap conveyor belt underneath; stacking the cut sheets. The present invention can effectively process scraps cut from sheets and improve the blanking efficiency.

Abstract: A vibration isolation apparatus includes a support unit that elastically supports an object to a mounting surface, a measurement sensor that measures a displacement of the object relative to the mounting surface, a drive unit that drives the object, and a storage unit. The storage unit stores data indicating a relationship between the displacement of the object and information that indicates a non-linear force produced by an elastic element including a support unit and that corresponds to the displacement. The drive unit drives the object in accordance with the displacement of the object and the data.

Abstract: A lifting connector to facilitate the lifting of wear parts used on earthmoving equipment is mechanically secured to a hole in the wear part. The wear part has a latching formation to maintain the head of the connector in a preferred orientation so that it is in the proper service position for connecting the lifting connector to a lifting device. The wear part can be safely maneuvered onto and off of the earthmoving equipment while secured to the lifting device.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lighting device comprising a body of headlamp or rear light of a motor vehicle that comprises a housing enclosing a transparent cover wherein: 1) the body is clamped in a fixture and a set of actual positions of control points of the cover or housing are measured; 2) the measured actual positions of the control points are compared in a three-dimensional model with a respective calculated tolerance space of control points bounded by permissible deviations from nominal positions; 3) if the actual positions of all the control points do not match up within the respective calculated tolerance space of control points, a set of corrected positions is identified and selected; 4) determining corresponding corrected positions of the associated locating elements for attachment of the lighting device from the corrected positions of the control points; and 5) joining the locating elements in the corrected positions.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flaw detection method to detect flaws on an inner surface of a metallic pipe using ultrasonic waves includes a waveform hold step that acquires and holds waveform data of an echo signal when an ultrasonic probe that generates ultrasonic signals toward the inner surface and the metallic pipe are moved relative to each other, a signal analyzing step that calculates a path length up to receiving an echo signal from the inner surface and a change rate of the path length based on the waveform data held, and a flaw detecting step that detects flaws on the inner surface based on the path length and the change rate of the path length.

Abstract: An automated pallet inspection station includes a frame, a transport system carried by the frame for transporting a pallet to be inspected, and at least one pallet feature sensing head adjacent the transport system for inspecting the pallet. The at least one pallet feature sensing head includes a downward looking pallet feature sensing head positioned above the transport system for inspecting a top surface of the pallet, and an upward looking pallet feature sensing head positioned below the transport system for inspecting a bottom surface of the pallet.

Abstract: A method is provided for evaluating a crimp procedure in a manufacturing process. In one embodiment, the method includes, but is not limited to, completing a crimp procedure on a single wire. The method further includes, but is not limited to, evaluating a quality of the crimp procedure based on time-domain reflectometry. The method still further includes, but is not limited to, generating reporting data based on the evaluating.

Abstract: Chromatography devices contain chromatography media and methods of making and methods of using chromatography devices. Chromatography devices enable a more efficient, productive and/or environmentally friendly chromatographic operation due to one or more of the following advantages over conventional chromatographic operations: elimination of a device packing step by the user; elimination of clean-in-place (CIP) steps; elimination of clean-in-place (CIP) steps utilizing sodium hydroxide solution; elimination of any validation steps by the user; and use of a chromatography device comprising biodegradable material. The chromatography media includes porous inorganic particles having a functionalized surface and having a median pore size of at least about 300 Angstroms (A), or at least about 300 A up to about 3000 A. The inorganic particles may have a BET surface area of at least about 20 m2/g, or at least about 25 m2/g, or about 30 m2/g, up to about 2000 m2/g.

Abstract: A pipe section, such as a pipe elbow, coated with a ceramic coating containing a fusible link displaced within. The link includes two exposed testing leads which are connected to a sensor which sends a signal across the link. Over time, the pipe section and the coating are worn away by material flowing through the pipe. Eventually the fusible link is severed due to the wear, signaling the sensor to send an alert, notifying that the pipe section needs to be replaced. The method of manufacture includes coating a standard pipe section with a ceramic coating, displacing a fusible link therein, and curing the coating. The coating may contain any number of fusible links in any conceivable arrangement.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a crimping process is disclosed, which determines whether an actual force stroke progression (Fa)/force-time progression is, a) above, or, b) below an ideal force stroke progression (Fi)/force-time progression in at least one point. The method shifts an upper border (Bu) and/or the lower border (Bl) of a tolerance band upwards in case a) and downwards in case b), utilizing four zones (Z1-Z4) of determined force progression. Additionally, there are is an absolute upper limit (Lu), at which an upward shifting of the upper border (Bu) is inhibited, and an absolute lower limit (Ll), at which a downward shifting of the lower border (Bl) is inhibited. Moreover, a crimping press and a computer program product embodying the method are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an integrally bladed rotor for gas turbine engines according to one aspect includes a step of positioning a blade on a hub in a joining procedure by using a priority surface of the blade as a reference surface. The priority surface is determined in relation to importance of surface functionality of the blades during engine operation.

Abstract: A method of running a first tubular within a second tubular includes running the first tubular into the second tubular past at least one lateral extending from the second tubular, running a diverting tool at the first tubular with the running of the first tubular, withdrawing the first tubular from the second tubular until an end of the first tubular is beyond a junction between the at least one lateral and the second tubular and, running the first tubular into the at least one lateral.

Abstract: In this manufacturing method, when a plurality of planetary shaft main bodies are arranged at even intervals around a sun shaft main body, a state in which a sun threaded section is engaged with each of planetary threaded sections is referred to as a regular assembled state, and an assembly formed by a combination of the sun shaft main body and the planetary shaft main body in the regular assembled state is referred to as a first assembly. The first assembly is assembled in a state in which the relationship of the planetary shaft main body and the sun shaft main body is in correspondence with the relationship of the planetary shaft main body and the sun shaft main body in the regular assembled state.

Abstract: A method is provided for adjusting a position of a blade ring relative to a rotor in a gas turbine engine. An outer casing surrounds the blade ring and the blade ring surrounds the rotor. The method comprises: determining an amount of vertical movement needed to reposition the blade ring relative to the rotor so that the blade ring is at a desired position relative to the rotor; providing at least one torque pin assembly comprising a torque pin and a variable thickness defining structure; determining a change in the thickness of the variable thickness defining structure so as to effect the necessary vertical movement of the blade ring; changing the thickness of the variable thickness defining structure; and coupling the at least one torque pin assembly to the outer casing such that at least one torque pin engages the blade ring. A gas turbine engine is provided having structure for adjusting a position of a blade ring relative to a rotor.

Abstract: A method of balancing a set of retaining and locking plates used to retain a row of gas turbine engine aerofoil blades in attachment to a rotor disc, includes: (i) providing a weighing plate having a circular track; (ii) providing a non-rotating, static balancing apparatus capable of detecting unbalance in the weighing plate; (iii) positioning the weighing plate on the static balancing apparatus, and positioning the set of retaining and locking plates on the track in an arrangement corresponding to a possible arrangement for the set of plates in use in the engine; and (iv) repositioning the retaining and locking plates on the track to arrive at a balanced arrangement for the set of plates.

Abstract: A tire mounting apparatus is constructed from a first working mechanism and a second working mechanism that are separate from each other. The first working mechanism is provided with a tire holding device for holding a tire and with a temporary tightening device for temporarily tightening nuts onto hub bolts to which the tire is mounted. The second working mechanism is provided with a final tightening device means for finally tightening the temporarily tightened nuts. The final tightening device includes two nut runners and an interval adjuster for adjusting an interval between the two nut runners.

Abstract: A method for evaluating local buckling performance of a steel pipe includes obtaining a stress-strain relationship of a material having a yield plateau in the stress-strain relationship; determining the comparison of a starting strain of strain-hardening in the stress-strain relationship obtained and a critical strain of the steel pipe; and evaluating that the steel pipe has a possibility of being applied to a structure that requires plastic design when the critical strain is determined to be larger than the starting strain and evaluating that the steel pipe has no possibility of being applied to a structure that requires plastic design when the critical strain is determined to be not larger than the starting strain.

Abstract: A tire mounting apparatus is constructed from a first working mechanism and a second working mechanism that are separate from each other. The first working mechanism is provided with a tire holding device for holding a tire and with a temporary tightening device for temporarily tightening nuts onto hub bolts to which the tire is mounted. The second working mechanism is provided with a final tightening device means for finally tightening the temporarily tightened nuts. The final tightening device includes two nut runners and an interval adjuster for adjusting an interval between the two nut runners.

Abstract: A pressure release slide latch mechanism for a drawer slide assembly comprises an outer slide, an intermediate slide mounted in the outer slide, and an inner slide mounted in the intermediate slide, a channel plate having a track portion and a guide block attached to the outer slide and a carriage slidingly engaged and biased along the track portion. A pin of a follower pivotally attached to the inner slide engages the guide block to releasably maintain the drawer slide assembly in a closed position and releases upon an inward force applied to the drawer slide assembly. A set of chamfers is formed on the pressure release slide latch mechanism to prevent binding of the drawer slide assembly.

Abstract: A window for a vehicle includes at least one transparent pane suspendable within a frame. The transparent pane comprises a deformable material. The transparent pane defines a first surface position h1 when not subjected to a pressure differential thereacross and a second surface position h2 when subject to the differential pressure thereacross. The first and second surface positions are defined with reference to an outside mold line. The first surface position h1 defines a reverse curvature with respect to the outside mold line. In response to the differential pressure ?P, the second surface position h2 includes bulging of the transparent pane by a predetermined distance ?h. The frame is constructed to be positioned within the vehicle such that the transparent pane presents a surface, when subjected to the pressure differential ?P, that is substantially consistent with the outside mold line of the vehicle.

Abstract: A mixing segment for an extrusion apparatus comprises a shaft and a plurality of plow elements aligned along a helical path extending about a rotation axis of the shaft. Each plow element includes an outer peripheral arcuate ramp extending radially outwardly along the helical path from a root to an outer tip of the plow element. Methods of manufacturing a mixing segment and methods of manufacturing a honeycomb structure with an extrusion apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A method for making an insert for a bone structure located within a surgical site comprises operating on the bone structure with a materials removing tool to remove materials from the bone structure; tracking in three dimensions the location and orientation of the bone structure; tracking in three dimensions the location and orientation of the working tip of the materials removing tool; creating a software model of the materials volume removed from the bone structure; and making the insert based on model data within the software model. An associated system comprises a controller and a tracker for tracking a 3-D tracking marker rigidly attached to the bone structure and a 3-D tracking marker rigidly attached to the materials removing tool. A manufacturing device is used to manufacture the insert based on the model data from the controller.

Abstract: A virtual image (VI) device displays an image that appears to lie above or below the plane of the device. A method of manufacturing a VI display device includes calculating an initial VI flux pattern based on an object and then fabricating a substrate having a VI array pattern based on the initial VI flux pattern. A plurality of lenses may then be applied over the VI array pattern. The VI substrate may be static or dynamic, and may show grey scale information. A photomask may be used as an intermediate element in the manufacture of the VI substrate, or may act as the VI substrate itself. A method of producing the initial VI flux pattern includes virtually tracing rays generated by different points of the object to an image plane and ii) summing the rays from the different points. The rays may be traced through a lens array.

Abstract: An assembly tool for assembling a lens tube in a lens base includes a support base, a fastening unit, a first height sensor, and a second height sensor. The support base defines a positioning groove for receiving the lens base. The fastening unit includes a fastening pole and a torque meter connected to an end of the fastening pole. The fastening pole forms a plurality of connecting portions for engaging with the lens tube. The first height sensor is positioned on the support base to detect a height of the lens base. The second height sensor is positioned on the support base to detect a height of an optical lens formed by the lens tube and the lens base.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus and method for supporting storage devices during manufacture. The apparatus includes structural members and plural slot carriers received in bays in the apparatus. Each slot carrier carries at least one slot arranged to receive a storage device, wherein the slot carriers are insertable and/or removable from the bays through apertures at the front of the apparatus. Clamp assemblies are arranged to releasably clamp the slot carrier to one or more structural members at the sides of the slot carrier.

Abstract: A pitot tube system having a pitot tube containing a porous hydrophobic fabric that blocks water and contaminants from reaching a pressure sensor. The distance in the pitot tube between the fabric and a front orifice of the tube is less than 2.4 times the height of the orifice, and preferably less than or equal to 0.38 times the height. The section of the tube through which the fabric extends defines an opening characterized by a minimum dimension greater than 0.15 inches, and preferably being at least 0.21 inches. The tube is a removable structure that attaches to a mount that forms a passage for communicating the pressure in the tube. That passage contains a second porous hydrophobic fabric that also blocks water and contaminants from reaching a pressure sensor.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a continuous sucker rod coil, wherein the method includes the step of selecting a plurality of input coils, each input coil having the same uniform hardness, and each input coil having two free ends. The method further includes the step of fusing adjacent free ends of adjacent input coils together to form one continuous length of rod, the fusing creating fused areas and a heat-affected zone at each fused area. The method also includes the step of treating each of the heat-affected zones to alleviate irregularities induced during fusing. Additionally, the method includes the step of winding the continuous length of rod into a finished coil.

Abstract: A testing method for a component is provided. The method identifies a flaw region of the component. The flaw region is prone to defects. The method then isolates a waste material associated with the identified flaw region. The method analyzes the isolated waste material for an undesirable microstructure associated with defects. Subsequently, the method determines rejection and acceptance of the component based, at least in part, on the analysis.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for insuring total removal of wire from a bale including a conveyor system for moving one or more bales, an automatic dewiring station, and a manual dewiring station. A bale is transported through an automatic dewiring station, and through a metal detector to ensure wire removal before the dewired bale is transported downstream.

Abstract: A method for dechucking a substrate from an electrostatic chuck (ESC) in a plasma processing system is provided. The method includes flowing a first gas into a plasma chamber. The method also includes flowing a second gas to a backside of the substrate to create a high pressure buildup of the second gas under the backside. The method further includes reducing a flow of the second gas such that at least a portion is trapped under the substrate backside. The method yet also includes pumping out the plasma chamber to increase a pressure differential between a first pressure that exists under the backside of the substrate and a second pressure that exists in a region above the substrate, wherein the pressure differential enables the substrate to be lifted from the ESC. The method yet also includes removing the substrate from the ESC.

Abstract: A de-swage machine for removal of a head of a head stack assembly including a tooling unit configured to receive a head stack assembly comprising a plurality of heads and an indicia, a blade module configured to remove a head from the head stack assembly, an indicia reader configured to read the indicia, and a controller. The controller is configured to select and remove a head from the head stack assembly by at least reading the indicia using the indicia reader, transmitting the indicia to a database, receiving head stack assembly information corresponding to the indicia from the database, selecting the head for removal based on the head stack assembly information, and removing the selected head using the blade module. The blade module can also include a force sensor, and the de-swage machine can also include an imaging unit.

Abstract: An obstruction detection device for use with a truss fabrication system including a table having spaced accessways. The obstruction detection device includes a support structure configured for movable attachment to a table having spaced accessways. An obstruction sensor is connected to the support structure and configured to detect obstructions in the spaced accessways of the table. The obstruction sensor has an activated state and a deactivated state. A control system is operatively connected to the obstruction sensor to activate and deactivate the obstruction sensor in response to a position of the obstruction sensor relative to the spaced accessways. The control system activates the obstruction sensor when the obstruction sensor is aligned with one of the spaced accessways of the table and deactivates the obstruction sensor when the obstruction sensor is out of alignment with the spaced accessways of the table.

Abstract: A phase-change chamber, a method for fabricating a phase-change chamber and a heat dissipation apparatus for electronic device cooling are disclosed. The phase-change chamber includes: a phase-change medium capable of transitioning between a plurality of phases; a first surface for transitioning a portion of the phase-change medium from a first phase into a second phase; a second surface for transitioning a portion of the phase-change medium from the second phase into the first phase; and at least one supporting member along the circumference of the first surface and the second surface for separating and enclosing the first surface and the second surface. The first surface is patterned on a first plate and includes regions of high and low affinity to the phase-change medium. The second surface is received on a second plate and comprises low affinity to the phase-change medium.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and to a device for fully automatically selecting and packing photovoltaic solar modules, for example, produced in mass production. The device may include the following characteristics: a production line, b) a quality checking device having devices for mechanical final testing and electrical final testing, c) an assembly device for module carriers, d) a device for distributing and stacking the solar modules in the horizontal and vertical direction according to particular selection criteria at acceptance locations corresponding to said selection criteria, e) devices for placing strips as spacers between stacked modules, wherein different types of strips can be taken from a magazine, f) devices for collating packages of a plurality of solar modules at each acceptance location, wherein aid devices each comprise a film wrapper, a protective cap applicator, and a strapping device.

Abstract: The application provides methods for providing a surgical guide for placement on an anatomical part wherein the guide is provided with one or more dedicated push features that can be used as pressure points for applying force onto the surgical guide. The application further provides guides comprising one or more push features which can be used as a pressure point for applying force onto said guide.

Abstract: A water filter communication system and method of using the system. A method of periodically reading water filter data associated with a water filter and retained by the water filter that has been positioned in an appliance includes the steps of: installing a water filter into an engaged position in a filter head assembly within an interior of a cabinet of an appliance that includes a water inlet and a water outlet and periodically, based upon and after a user's interaction with the appliance or the water filter, supplying power from the appliance to the filter read-write memory device engaged to the filter housing; transmitting water filter data to the appliance from the filter read-write memory device, which retains filter information.

Abstract: In this manufacturing method, when a plurality of planetary shaft main bodies are arranged at even intervals around a sun shaft main body, a state in which a sun threaded section is engaged with each of planetary threaded sections is referred to as a regular assembled state, and an assembly formed by a combination of the sun shaft main body and the planetary shaft main body in the regular assembled state is referred to as a first assembly. The first assembly is assembled in a state in which the relationship of the planetary shaft main body and the sun shaft main body is in correspondence with the relationship of the planetary shaft main body and the sun shaft main body in the regular assembled state.

Abstract: An alignment tool for a pitch link comprises first and second pitch link retainers, wherein the distance between the retainers is adjustable to accommodate the length of the pitch link; and a measurement system for measuring the displacement of a rod end from an adjustment member of the pitch link, comprising first and second measurement reference points fixedly associated with the first and second retainers, respectively. Another alignment tool for a pitch link comprises first and second retainers having an adjustable distance there between; and a stabilization mechanism for stabilizing the tool on a surface. A method for adjusting and aligning a pitch link, in part comprising the steps of securing the pitch link to the alignment tool; measuring and recording a baseline length displacement of the pitch link; loosening the pitch link jam nuts; and adjusting the pitch link on the alignment tool to match the previously recorded displacement.

Abstract: A method for locking a nut with an inner thread, in which the ultimate tensile strength (Rm) and yield strength (Re) of the material constituting the nut are determined according to temperature. An optimal heating temperature is determined, at which a maximum of a relative plastic interval of the material is reached, said relative plastic interval being defined by the formula (Rm?Re)/Rm, and a maximum heating time is determined, above which the nut presents the risk of deterioration of its microstructure and/or of its initial mechanical strength. The nut is heated to a temperature substantially equal to said optimal temperature and for a heating time of less than said maximum time so that the initial microstructure and mechanical strength of the material constituting the nut are preserved, and a body of the nut is deformed locally by bending.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor assembly for testing a pipe includes a first and second transducer rings attached to the pipe and spaced apart along a length of the pipe. The first transducer ring includes a plurality of transmitters for transmitting a wave, such as a non-dispersive guided wave. The first transducer ring transmits the wave along the pipe. The second transducer ring includes a plurality of receivers for receiving the wave. A relative position of the first transducer ring with respect to a circumferential position of the second transducer ring is determined based on characteristics of the wave received by the second transducer ring. A method of positioning the ultrasonic sensor assembly on the pipe is also provided.

Abstract: A device (1; 20; 51) for assembling pre-bored (15) elements (2; 3), the elements together having a reference thickness (18) that may vary up to an actual maximum thickness (40), may include a male element (4; 21; 52) having a shank (6; 22; 54) extending in a thread (11; 27) or swaging grooves (59), an external surface (12; 28; 60) having a height (13; 61) equal to a height (14) of the shank, chosen so as to correspond to at least the actual maximum thickness (40) of the elements to be assembled, wherein the external surface has a visual reference mark (16; 35; 63), located at a distance (17) of a lower limit (9; 34; 57), or extending over a distance (17) from a lower limit up to an upper limit (42A; 42B; 65) toward the head.

Abstract: Systems, methods apparatuses, and computer-readable media for analyzing vehicle accident claim information from a vehicle that is deemed a total loss, as well as historical data, to determine whether one or more parts from the vehicle are available for reuse is presented. In some examples, aspects may also relate to determining whether the parts available for reuse should be stored by the entity using the system (e.g., the insurance company) for future use in the repair of other vehicles, such as other vehicles insured by the insurance company, or should be sold. The determination to store or sell the part may be based, at least in part, on historical data of the entity.

Abstract: A replacement device for resurfacing a joint surface of a femur and a method of making and installing such a device is provided. The custom replacement device is designed to substantially fit the trochlear groove surface, of an individual femur, thereby creating a “customized” replacement device for that individual femur and maintaining the original kinematics of the joint. The top surface is designed so as to maintain centrally directed tracking of the patella perpendicular to the plane established by the distal end of the femoral condyles and aligned with the center of the femoral head.

Abstract: Provided are a substrate supporting unit and a substrate processing apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the substrate supporting unit. The substrate supporting unit includes a susceptor on which a substrate is placed on a top surface thereof, one or more heat absorbing members which are capable of being converted between a mounted position at which the heat absorbing member is disposed on an upper portion of the susceptor to thermally contact the susceptor and a released position at which the heat absorbing member is separated from the upper portion of the susceptor, the one or more heat absorbing members absorbing heat of the susceptor at the mounted position, and an edge ring having a plurality of fixing slots in which the heat absorbing members are selectively inserted and fixed.

Abstract: A method for inspecting the quality of an alignment between the elements of an assembly, and an associated device, the method of which comprises tasks consisting of measuring a first parameter with a first measuring means, said first parameter being selected from a movement parameter of at least one part of the double-access fastening means, an assembly force parameter or a torque, measuring a second parameter with a second measuring means, said second parameter being selected from the same parameters and being different from the first parameter, calculating a value of a first derivative of a function representing a change in the second parameter relative to the first parameter by suitable information processing means, and analyzing the value of the first derivative to check the alignment between the elements to be assembled.

Abstract: A conductive composition having a transparent and colorless appearance under normal or ambient lighting and at least a dyed, translucent or fluorescent appearance under artificial lighting is provided. The composition includes a photo-reactive quantity of a dye-marker.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for a medical injection system includes a cuff, a transducer embedded in the cuff, and a force transmitting member coupled to the transducer and exposed at an inner surface of the cuff, such that an outer surface of a tubing line of a fluid circuit of the system, when fitted within the cuff, contacts the force transmitting member. A limited length of the tubing line may have a greater compliance than a remainder of the line, in which case, the pressure sensor cuff fits around and encloses the limited length to provide support against plastic deformation, when pressures within the line are significantly greater than atmospheric. The pressure sensor may detect whether or not the cuff is properly fitted around the tubing line, and/or determine a characteristic of the tubing line.

Abstract: Provided are a cleaning device that may be applied to a manufacturing equipment without stopping operations of the equipment, a cleaning method, and a method of manufacturing a device. The cleaning device includes: a frame substrate configured to frame the cleaning device; a first functional membrane on a first surface of the frame substrate; and a second functional membrane on a second surface of the frame substrate, which is opposite to the first surface. The cleaning method includes: positioning a cleaning device including a frame substrate and functional membranes formed on opposite surfaces of the frame substrate on a support configured to support a substrate, during a semiconductor manufacturing process or a display manufacturing process on the substrate; maintaining the positioning of the cleaning device on the support for a predetermined time period; and removing the cleaning device from the support.