Abstract: A compressor wheel for a turbocharger includes a hub portion defining a rotational axis and a plurality of blades extending radially outward from the hub portion. Each blade of the plurality of blades includes a leading edge, the leading edges of each blade of the plurality of blades forming an inducer portion of the compressor wheel. Each blade of the plurality of blades further includes a trailing edge, the trailing edges of each blade of the plurality of blades forming an exducer portion of the compressor wheel. The inducer portion is positioned longitudinally forward from the exducer portion along a rotational axis with respect to a flow of air along the compressor wheel. The hub portion and the plurality of blades include a substrate metal. The substrate metal of the hub portion and the plurality of blades has coated directly thereon a first coating layer including electroless nickel-phosphorous. The first coating layer has coated directly thereon a second coating layer including hard chrome.

Abstract: A variable valve timing control apparatus has a housing; a vane rotor relatively rotating with respect to the housing; a torsion spring always forcing the vane rotor in one rotation direction with respect to the housing; and a spring guide accommodating therein the torsion spring. At least a part of an outside diameter of the torsion spring, before being installed inside the spring guide, is formed to be greater than an inside diameter of an inner wall of the spring guide. In a free state of the torsion spring, after being installed inside the spring guide, in which an urging force of the torsion spring acting on the vane rotor becomes smallest, the outside diameter of the torsion spring is substantially same as the inside diameter of the inner wall of the spring guide or is smaller than the inside diameter of the inner wall of the spring guide.

Abstract: An injection nozzle sleeve servicing system is provided.

Abstract: A semi-finished product having a hollow and an expansion diameter portion is manufactured in advance (first step), and a press device for folding an outer cylinder (4) and an inner cylinder (5) around an entire die set (DS) is used, thereby performing drawing with a body of the semi-finished product as the center in a constant temperature atmosphere at any temperature between a room temperature and 870° C. (second step).

Abstract: A valve sealant fitting includes a spring coupling unit having an internal screw thread for coupling unit assembly below the ball installation groove of the sealant body, the internal screw thread having a hexagonal groove for preventing a downward separation of the coil spring, allowing a fluid to flow and facilitating fastening and releasing of the screw, and having an external screw thread at an outer circumference of the spring coupling unit, and outer sealing O-rings disposed in O-ring installation grooves formed on respective upper and lower positions of the valve coupling taper screw part formed on the outer lower side of the sealant body.

Abstract: This invention provides a retainer assembling apparatus which assembles a retainer to a valve stem via a cotter which engage with an engaging groove formed on the valve stem. The cotter comprises a pair of cotter segments. The apparatus includes a cylindrical body, a holding portion which holds the retainer contacting a lower end of the cylindrical body, a push-up shaft which pushes up the pair of cotter segments into the cylindrical body, and an axial body which is arranged in the cylindrical body to be coaxial with the push-up shaft and to be coaxially movable. The cylindrical body includes a tapered inner circumferential portion on an inner circumferential wall lower portion thereof.

Abstract: A bleed valve for an air plenum includes a valve body which defines a valve seat. A poppet is movable relative to the valve seat between an open position and a closed position. A spring biases the poppet to the open position and toward the air plenum.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for repairing an automatic transmission. Access is obtained to the valve body and a special shaped Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) regulator apply valve clip is inserted against a TCC regulator apply valve to hold a TCC regulator apply valve in a fully open position. The clip is dished to avoid wear when engaging the TCC regulator apply valve and has an asymmetric top portion which cooperates with the shape of the valve body chamber the TCC regulator apply valve clip is inserted into, to ensure proper placement.

Abstract: A method includes coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block. A valve member is then moved into a valve pocket defined by the cylinder head such that a first stem portion of the valve member engages an actuator. A first portion of the biasing member is then disposed against a second stem portion of the valve member, the second stem portion being opposite the first stem portion. An end plate is then coupled to the cylinder head such that a second portion of the biasing member engages the end plate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lightweight valve is provided. The lightweight valve includes a valve stem, a hollow valve cone and a valve disk closing the valve cone, the valve stem being provided with a hollow space at an end facing the valve disk, the valve disk also having a force transmission element extending through the hollow valve cone into the stem hollow space. The method includes producing a first one-piece component forming the valve disk with the force transmission element by casting, forming and/or a powder metallurgy method, producing a second component forming the valve stem and the valve cone and joining the first and second components together and connecting them by a material, non-positive and/or positive connection.

Abstract: A valve spring compressor apparatus and method for compressing cylinder valve springs for the removal and installation of their locks or keepers and for replacement of valve stem seals or broken springs on an internal combustion engine, while the cylinder head is mounted on the engine or supported on a work bench. A compressor tool adjustably mounted on a support assembly temporarily secured over the cylinder head has a pivoting hand lever and spring biased push rod which, when manually depressed, moves a compressing member at the bottom of the push rod downward to engage and depress the valve spring and its retainer to gain access and removal of the lock or keeper though openings in the compressor tool.

Abstract: A resin main body (3) defining a bore (7) through which intake air flows, and a valve body (60) having a shaft part (20) rotatably supported by the main body (3) and a valve part (4) for opening and closing the bore (7) of the main body (3) are provided. The main body (3) is molded with the valve body (60) inserted together with a pair of bearing sleeves (24). At the time of molding the main body (3), the bearing sleeves (24) are biased in a direction opposite to the flow of the intake air with the valve body (60) being positioned in place.

Abstract: When a fuel injection valve is mounted on an engine, a distance between a core and an armature during non-energization of a coil can be prevented from becoming narrow. The coil is arranged inside the core, and a body is fixedly secured at its one end to an end of the core. A housing is arranged outside the coil with its one end abutting a cylinder head. A cap is arranged at the other end of the housing, and abuts at its side opposite to the housing with a fastening unit. The armature is arranged for reciprocation inside the body, and is magnetically attracted to the magnetized core. A gap is formed between the housing and the body, with the cap and the core being fixed to each other, and upon mounting the valve on the engine, the housing and the fastening unit abut the cylinder head and the cap, respectively.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the friction, wear, and function of an injection-molded throttle valve unit, including a throttle valve housing and a throttle valve that can move in relation to it. The throttle valve housing is injection molded out of a first plastic material inside a first cavity, then transferred to a second cavity. Bearing bushes are inserted into the throttle valve housing to constitute a hard material on hard material friction pairing between the bearing bushes and the throttle valve housing; either the bearing bushes are inserted into the throttle valve housing in a non-rotating fashion and the valve shaft rotates in relation to the bearing bushes or the bearing bushes rotate in relation to the throttle valve housing. The moving throttle valve is injection molded from a second plastic material inside the second cavity. The bearing bushes are preferably manufactured out of a metallic material and remain dimensionally stable when subjected to the injection pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically adjusting the valve lash of an internal combustion engine is provided. In another aspect of the present invention, a probe is employed for verifying and/or setting valve lash settings in an automated manner. A further aspect of the present invention does not require determination of a zero lash position or reference datum prior to adjusting the valve lash adjusting screw for desired lash.

Abstract: Special service tool and method for compressing cylinder valve springs for the removal and installation of their locks or keepers and for replacement of valve stem seals or brocken springs on an internal combustion engine, while the head still mounted on the engine or is on a work bench. Service tool comprising a multiple of attachment members for configuring the tool as need depending of the cylinder head design. Support means temporarily secured over the cylinder head and employing existing threaded opening for securing camshaft caps are arrange to mount the tool over slidably dispose bars and brackets, this method allow technicians to overcome the problems of removal and replacement of overhead valve springs by performing this task faster and in a safer manner.

Abstract: An electrically controlled throttle apparatus is constructed with a throttle body and a throttle valve that are simultaneously molded of a resinous material in the same molding dies. The throttle valve is rotatably assembled in a bore wall part of the throttle body while the throttle valve is rotated by a predetermined rotation angle ? between 45° and 135° with respect to a rotation angle 0° corresponding to its full close position. An outer circumferential periphery of the filler, which is molded to be the throttle valve in a cavity of the molding dies, is compressed by a predetermined pressure when the throttle valve and the throttle body are molded. Thus, dispersion of contraction of the throttle valve can be reduced in its molding process by adding the compression process.

Abstract: An intake apparatus includes housings each defining an intake passage therein. The intake apparatus further includes valve members each being provided to each housing for communicating and blocking the intake passage. A shaft extends through the housings. The shaft is rotatable integrally with the valve members. A bearing member extends together with the shaft through the housings. The shaft is rotatable in the bearing member. The bearing member includes exposed portions each being exposed to the intake passage. Each exposed portion has an opening that extends with respect to an axial direction of the bearing member. The opening corresponds to a rotatable range, in which the valve member is rotatable with respect to a circumferential direction of the bearing member.

Abstract: A method for arranging a valve element in an additional control valve device includes provides that, after a first position has been set, a valve plate is pushed onto the stem until the valve plate contacts the stop of a trapping magnet. The valve plate is then connected to the stem. This ensures that the fabrication tolerances are completely compensated by virtue of the first valve spring and the guiding of the valve element. After the second counter bearing has been secured in the guide, the holding of the first counter bearing in the previously determined first position is cancelled, which is then generally carried out by removing the tappet from the guide. After this has been done, the valve element automatically assumes a central position between the gantry magnet and the trapping magnet in the currentless state of the additional control valve device owing to the spring forces which then act.

Abstract: A molding dies have a first shaft holding portion and a second shaft holding portion. The first shaft holding portion supports an outer surface of a metal shaft which is exposed between an axial end surface of the throttle valve and a first collar molded in the throttle body. The second shaft holding portion supports an outer surface of the metal shaft which is exposed between the other axial end surface and a second collar molded in the throttle body. The first and the second collar have a first and second shaft holes into which the metal shaft is inserted. The first and the second holding portions restrict a flowing of melted resin into the first and the second shaft holes.

Abstract: A throttle valve and the throttle body are formed substantially simultaneously in the same dies. The melted resin is injected in to a cavity through a pair of valve gates. The valve gates are symmetrically located with respect to the throttle valve shaft. A deformation of the throttle valve can be avoided because a stress concentration on the metal shaft of the throttle valve is reduced in opening the dies.

Abstract: A throttle valve and the throttle body are formed substantially simultaneously in the same dies. When a movable die moves away from a fixed die, a body ejector pin, a valve ejector pin, and a motor housing ejector pin simultaneously push a bore wall of the throttle body, a motor housing, and peripheral edge of the throttle the valve in a radial direction respectively. A deformation of the throttle valve can be avoided because a stress concentration on the metal shaft of the throttle valve is reduced in opening the dies.

Abstract: A throttle valve and the throttle body are formed substantially simultaneously in the same dies. The melted resin is injected in to a cavity through a pair of valve gates. The gas evaporated from a melted resin and remaining air in the cavity are expelled from the cavity into the atmosphere through a gas purge passage. A first and a second split lines of a first and second insert dies function as the gas purge passage. A shortshot and a corrosion generated by the gas can be avoided.

Abstract: A method of removing stators from tubular stator housings involving subjecting a tubular stator housing having an interior surface to which a worn stator is adhered by adhesive to cryogenic refrigeration until the stator shrinks and pulls away from the interior surface of the tubular stator housing.

Abstract: A method for producing fuel rails, which contain a hollow chamber that communicates with a fuel source via a connection. The fuel rail supplies fuel to a number of injection valves. At least one preassembled unit of an injection valve is integrated into the fuel rail by means of a materially adhesive connection during the production of the fuel rail and an electrical contacting of the individual injection valves is produced at the same time.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for retaining a poppet seal with respect to a housing of an integrated pressure management system. The integrated pressure management system includes an aperture near a mouth of a housing, and the mouth includes a tip that is deformable so as to retain the poppet seal in the aperture. The apparatus includes a die and a collet. The die moves along an axis, and includes a face adapted to engage the mouth. The face includes a forming-over section adapted to engage the tip. The collet surrounds the die and extends along the axis between first and second axial ends. The collet includes first and second portions. The first portion extends between the first axial end and an intermediate axial position. The second portion extends between the intermediate axial position and the second axial end, and includes a plurality of segments positioned about the axis.

Abstract: A method for increasing the wear-resistance of a work piece involves connecting the work piece to a non-formable core material having a greater hardness than that of the work piece material. In order to improve the connection while simultaneously reducing the costs, the core material is connected in a form-fitting manner to the work piece by means of cold extrusion or hot extrusion of the work piece material.

Abstract: A lightweight engine poppet valve that has a valve head portion made from a lightweight, heat resistant material is attached to a hollow tube stem portion. The attachment is made with a mechanically locking interfitting joint on an extending portion of the valve head at a preselected distance. Preferably, the mechanically locking interfitting joint is a hydroformed joint.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a modular fuel injector permits the fabrication of the electrical group subassembly outside a clean room while a fuel group subassembly is fabricated inside a clean room. The method provides for manufacturing a sealed fuel injector unit via a predetermined number of different types of operations. Each type comprises a range of percentages of the predetermined number of operations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cotter-mounting apparatus that, by engaging a pair of cotters with engagement grooves provided on the outer circumferential surface of an axial member, mounts the pair of cotters that fix a retainer for holding a spring to exert a pressing force to the axial member in a compressed state, wherein the cotter-mounting apparatus includes a retainer holding mechanism that holds a retainer having a pair of cotters incorporated, and is driven to be relatively elevated and lowered on the upper side in the axial line direction of the axial member; a cotter separating mechanism for separating the pair of cotters from each other over the outer diameter of the axial member roughly in the horizontal direction while pushing up the pair of cotters from downward and for holding the pair of cotters; and a cotter pressing mechanism for pressing the pair of cotters separated by the cotter separating mechanism from the outside roughly in the horizontal direction and causing the cotters to be en

Abstract: A first air assist fuel injector configured for operation with a two stroke engine and a second air assist fuel injector configured for operation with a four stroke engine. The first air assist fuel injector and the second air assist fuel injector share one or more common items, such as a solenoid coil assembly and/or an armature, even though the air assist fuel injectors are configured for different applications.

Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine is provided. The fuel injector includes a housing and an armature/needle assembly reciprocally mounted in the housing. The armature/needle assembly includes an armature having an armature end and a longitudinal armature channel extending therethrough and a needle having a longitudinal needle axis and a first needle end inserted in the armature channel. The first needle end is fixedly connected to the armature end. The assembly also includes at least one flow channel between the armature and the needle. The fuel injector further includes a valve seat located downstream of the needle. The needle is selectively engageable and disengageable with the valve seat to preclude fuel flow through an opening in the valve seat and to allow fuel flow through the opening in the valve seat, respectively. A method of forming the armature/needle assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing surface treated, prefinished valve seat inserts. The method entails forming the valve seat insert, precision machining the valve seat insert to precise tolerances so that the valve seat insert can be installed in one of the cylinder head and engine block without the need for additional seat machining and treating the valve seat insert with a wear resistant treatment prior to inserting the valve seat insert into on of the cylinder head and engine block.

Abstract: A method for producing a control valve assembly using a mold comprising an upper mold half (20) and a lower mold half (21). A shaft (11) with premounted bearing blocks (13) or other functional components is placed in the mold, and the control valves subsequently are injection-molded on the shaft (11) in cavities (22) via feeders (23) to produce the control valve assembly. Afterward, the bearing blocks (13) can no longer be detached. Because they are produced separately, the bearing blocks can have a complex geometry. This allows a considerable degree of freedom in the geometric design of the control valve assembly while nevertheless ensuring cost-effective production.

Abstract: An apparatus for press fitting inserts into corresponding receptacles in workpieces includes a press comprising a ram and a backup tool spaced from the ram. An insertion tool is alignable between the ram and the backup tool. An insert magazine feeds inserts to the insertion tool. A workpiece positioner sequentially moves each workpiece through receiving positions that align the receptacles with the insertion tool between the ram and the backup tool. The ram repeatedly engages the insertion tool to press fit an insert into each of the corresponding receptacles. The backup tool supports the workpiece against the force of press-fit insertion.

Abstract: A method is provided for assembling a pole piece into an internal fuel passage of a fuel injector. The assembly method includes the steps of: (a) providing an endoskeletal injector tube, where the injector tube provides the fuel passage for the fuel injector; (b) forming at least one depression into an outer surface of the injector tube; (c) inserting an injector valve into the injector tube; (d) inserting the pole piece into the injector tube, wherein the pole piece is adjustable thereafter; and (e) affixing the pole piece within the injector tube, where an outer surface of the pole piece is in contact with an inner surface of the injector tube corresponding to the depressions, thereby creating a spring fit between the pole piece and the tube.

Abstract: An improved process 30 for making an engine poppet valve 10 provides an unfinished poppet valve 10 with an initial diameter (d1) of a valve head 22 and an initial thickness (t1) of an interface 56 between a seat facing groove 54 and a combustion face 18 of the valve 50 prior to seat facing the valve 50 to prevent burn-through during the welding process 38. Coining 40 the valve head 22 after seat facing 38 decreases the initial thickness (t1) of the interface 56 to a selected thickness (t2) and increases the initial diameter (d1) to a final or desired diameter (d2) of the valve head 22. The method of the present invention eliminates any need for removing excess material and allows for hot forming the seat facing material 58 to reduce machining steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon-carbon (C/C) composite valve structure useful for high temperature internal combustion engines comprising (a) a carbon-carbon (C/C) composite valve stem having a flared end and a non-flared end opposite the flared end; and (b) a carbon-carbon (C/C) composite valve head applied onto the flared end of the valve stem, wherein at least one of the carbon-carbon (C/C) composite valve stem and head is coated with a high temperature resistant coating.

Abstract: A method of making air assist passageways and injector pockets in a manifold or air assist rail includes providing a mold that can open and close with several bosses extending from an inside surface. These bosses are arranged in a row and define the inside of the injector pockets when the mold is filled. The air assist passageway that couples the fuel injector pockets is provided by inserting a long pin that passes through the row of injector pocket bosses inside the mold cavity. When the cavity is filled with molten material and solidifies, the pin is withdrawn, leaving a long air assist passageway extending between the injector pockets. The mold is then opened, pulling the injector pocket bosses out of the now-formed injector pockets. The resulting structure is a row of injector pockets in a manifold or air assist rail into which injectors can be inserted, that are connected by a long air assist passageway.

Abstract: A method of removing stators from tubular stator housings involving subjecting a tubular stator housing having an interior surface to which a worn stator is adhered by adhesive to cryogenic refrigeration until the stator shrinks and pulls away from the interior surface of the tubular stator housing.

Abstract: A method of removing stators from tubular stator housings involving subjecting a tubular stator housing having an interior surface to which a worn stator is adhered by adhesive to cryogenic refrigeration until the stator shrinks and pulls away from the interior surface of the tubular stator housing.