Abstract: A voltage sensing device with which high-precision voltage sensing is possible without the need to obtain a unique correction constant for each device. A pair of voltage input nodes NCk and NCk-1 is selected from voltage input nodes NC0-NCn in switch part 10, and they are connected to sensing input nodes NA and NB in two types of patterns with different polarity (forward connection, reverse connection). Sensing input nodes NA and NB are held at reference potential Vm by voltage sensing part 20, and current Ina and Inb corresponding to the voltage at voltage input nodes NCk and NCk-1 flows to input resistors RIk and RIk-1. Currents Ina and Inb are synthesized at different ratios in voltage sensing part 20, and sensed voltage signal S20 is generated according to the synthesized current Ic. Sensed voltage data S40 with low error is generated according to the difference between the two sensed voltage signals S20 generated in the two connection patterns.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a power gated circuit block includes power switches that couple at least one of the power supply grids within the block to the global power supply grids of the integrated circuit. The power switches receive an enable that indicates whether or not the power gated block is enabled or disabled. If the power gated block is enabled, the power switches are turned on and electrically connect the global power supply grid with the internal (or local) power supply grid; otherwise the power switches electrically isolate the local power supply grid from the global power supply grid. The power switches are physically distributed over an area occupied by the power gated block, including near an edge of the area. The number of power switches near the edge is greater than the number of switches included at other locations in the area to provide a worst case impedance experienced at points throughout the area that is approximately equal.

Abstract: A vertical bus disconnect for Motor Control Center Sections. The invention removes/opens a connection between the horizontal bus and vertical bus when it is in the OPEN or OFF state. The invention creates/closes a connection between the horizontal bus and vertical bus when it is in the CLOSED or ON state. In either the OPEN/OFF state or the CLOSED/ON state, the invention does not cause an interruption of power flow along the horizontal bus. The purpose of the invention is to allow for an isolating of buckets within a given motor control center section from power without interrupting power along the horizontal bus. This invention is an improvement to the commonly used motor control center section.

Abstract: The invention provides lateral nanoelectromechanical switches useful for integration into circuitry fabricated using standard semiconductor processing methods, or using techniques compatible with the mainstream semiconductor processing technologies. Methods of fabricating the switches are described. Some exemplary designs for two and three terminal switches are provided. Descriptions of structural features and the operating parameters for some exemplary switches are given. The switches are expected to be compatible with circuitry that is operable in computer-based systems.

Abstract: A photovoltaic system has a power converter connected by power rails to a plurality of photovoltaic strings, each string has serially connected photovoltaic panels and switches. The switches divide each string into sections, and the strings are distributed in electrical parallel paths over a plurality of arrays with one section per string in each array. A first set of strings to be brought online with the power converter is initialized. A drive signal is sent to switches in the initial set of strings to couple the sections in each string of the initial set so that the set of strings come online with the power converter providing voltage and current to the power converter.

Abstract: An electrical power distribution system for efficiently installing electrical lights, devices, and power outlets to selectively energize or de-energize an electrical load in a building or structure. The electrical power distribution system comprises a control module installed in a building comprising the controlled output that is selectively energized by controlling a latching relay connected to an AC supply source and a load to be energized. Some embodiments further comprise an electronic switch in parallel with a relay. In addition, other embodiments include an electronic switch in parallel with a relay controlled by the same control signal to energize a load, where the electronic switch is energized before the contacts of the relay close and the electronic switch is de-energized after the contacts of the relay open. In an exemplary embodiment the load may be controlled and its ON/OFF status may be known at a distance of at least one mile with a pair of wires, AWG #24 or smaller diameter.

Abstract: A power pick-up for an Inductively Coupled Power Transfer (ICPT) system is provided having a resonant pick up circuit. The natural frequency of the pick-up circuit may be varied by controlling the conductance or capacitance of a variable reactive in the resonant circuit. The load being supplied by the pick-up circuit is sensed, and the effective capacitance or inductance of the variable reactive component is controlled to vary the natural resonant frequency of the pick-up circuit to thereby control the power flow into the pick-up to satisfy the power required by the load.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for switching-in an electricity grid of an off-shore wind park to an on-shore electricity grid, to a booster transformer modified for switching-in an electricity grid of an off-shore wind park to an on-shore electricity grid and to an AC-connection for operating an electricity grid of an off-shore wind-park switched-in to an on-shore electricity grid.

Abstract: A system for determining an occupant proximate to a vehicle seat, a controller for use in the system, and a method for electrically isolating a heater element from an occupant detection electrode. When a heater element in a seat is coupled to a heater voltage source to generate heat, the heater element may influence an electric field generated by an occupant detection electrode in such a way as to interfere with determining an occupant proximate to the seat. Depending on the arrangement of the electrode and the heater element, such interference may be present at all times when the electrode is connected to the heater voltage source, or may only be problematic when the seat is wet with liquid moisture. By electrically isolating the heater element, the influence on the electric field may be reduced so the process of determining if an occupant is present in the seat is not interfered with.

Abstract: An electric circuit for remotely starting and controlling the direction of a center pivot irrigation system comprises a first transformer, a second transformer, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, and a fourth relay. The first transformer is coupled to a voltage source with a first voltage and may step the first voltage down to a second voltage. The second transformer is coupled to the first transformer, receiving a third voltage and stepping the third voltage up to a fourth voltage. The first relay may include contacts that are open when the irrigation system is started remotely. The second relay may include contacts that are closed when the irrigation system is started remotely. The third relay may include contacts that are closed momentarily to drive the system in a first direction. The fourth relay may include contacts that are closed momentarily to drive the system in a second direction.

Abstract: A switching device switches at least one current phase between responsive current phase input and responsive current phase output, wherein the switching device is suitable for switching electrical current of a power circuit of an electric motor. The switching device further includes a first communication system interface for a first communication system, a second communication system interface for a second communication system, and a selecting unit for selecting whether the switching device is a master or slave in relation to the second communication system.

Abstract: A switching device for controlling the supply of power from a supply to a load comprises a solid-state switch arranged in parallel with a relay of normally closed type. The solid-state switch and the relay are arranged in series with the load and the power supply. The switch also comprises a control adapted to connect the power supply to the load by applying an activation signal to the solid-state switch to cause it to conduce, then de-energizing the relay and then removing the activation signal to the solid-state switch in that order. The control is also adapted to disconnect the power supply from the load by applying an activation signal to the solid-state switch to cause it to conduct, then energizing the relay and then removing activation signal to the solid-state switch in that order. A corresponding method of operation is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for optimizing power consumption of an electrical circuit component in an operating- and evaluating-circuit of a two-conductor field device, wherein a control unit is provided, which switches the electrical circuit component with a clock signal. An energy supply unit is provided for supplying the circuit component with energy, and wherein at least one energy-storing component is connected to at least one output, at least one input and/or a supply input of the electrical circuit component. The apparatus provides for a field device, a suitable electronics for enabling improvement of the energy budget of the evaluating- and operating-circuit, especially its circuit component.

Abstract: In a cooling system used in cooling of a heater housing box, the present invention presents an apparatus for stabilizing power supply of heater housing box cooling apparatus capable of changing over a plurality of taps provided in the winding of a power transformer before the output voltage exceeds an allowable voltage range when turning on alternating-current power supply. For this purpose, first resistor 1 for elevating slowly the output voltage of the power transformer when turning on the alternating-current power supply is provided at the secondary side of the power transformer, direct-current voltage V1 rectified and smoothed from the output voltage is delayed by the charging time of a first capacitor, and an electronic controller for operating a tap changeover relay for automatically changing over the plurality of taps provided in the power transformer is started before the output voltage exceeds the allowable voltage range.

Abstract: A cable assembly for use with any power cable for an electrical device, the cable assembly including a remotely locatable switch for connecting or disconnecting the electrical device from power draw. Also, a cable assembly for a power device such as a charger for providing output power to an electronic device is disclosed, the cable assembly including two pairs of wires wherein a first pair provides output power for the electronic device and a second pair includes a switch for turning off the charger. The cable assembly allows the switch to be located remotely from a charger housing for the converter circuitry and remotely from a power source such as an outlet, and allows the switch to be generally co-located with and operable at the connector for connecting the power device with the electronic device.

Abstract: A method and a device dynamically control the secure adjustment of a binary switching state of at least one electric switching system built into an automatically functioning apparatus used in the field of guided vehicles, the switching system driving at least one actuator by a driving circuit. The device includes: a control module controlling the state of the electric switching system, and a reading device capable of reading the switching state of the electric switching system and of transmitting a control signal related to the read switching state to a monitoring module. The device is characterized in that the reading device is provided downstream from the electric switching system and is coupled to the driving circuit of the actuator, thereby providing the automatically functioning apparatus with enhanced reliability and maintainability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for actuating an electrical switchgear comprising at least one mobile contact point driven by a rotary shaft. According to the invention, an electric motor comprising a rotating drive shaft can be coupled to the rotary shaft by means of a transmission, in order to drive the same.

Abstract: This is directed to a dome switch that includes a capacitive sensor. A dome switch can include a dome operative to deform to provide tactile feedback to a user. To provide an electrical instruction to the device, the region underneath the dome can define a free space separating conductive regions forming a capacitor. For example, a tip of the dome, a button placed between the dome and a circuit board, or a user's finger can form a first conductor of a capacitor, and a support structure for the dome can include a terminal forming a second conductor completing the capacitor. When the dome deflects, the distance between the conductors can change and provide a measurable capacitance variation, which the device can detect. To protect the dome switch from damage due to contaminants, the terminal can be integrated within a volume of the circuit board such that it is not exposed to the environment of the dome switch. In one implementation, the terminal may not be exposed to air.

Abstract: A method of data communication between power line communication (PLC) stations belonging to different PLC cells includes transmitting a station ID of a PLC reception station to a PLC cell bridge (CB) of a first PLC cell to which a PLC transmission station belongs, receiving a group identification (GID) and an encryption key of a second PLC cell to which the PLC reception station belongs from the PLC CB of the first PLC cell, encrypting data to be transmitted using the encryption key of the second PLC cell, and transmitting the station ID of the PLC reception station, the GID of the second PLC cell, and the encrypted data, to the PLC CB of the first PLC cell, and an apparatus to perform the method.

Abstract: A three-way or four-way switching circuit for lighting, and the like, is described. One three-way switch is replaced with an electronic switch. Both legs of the switching circuit are powered all the time and current is sensed in the legs to determine when one of the three-way or four-way switches has been switched. This information is used to turn the light on and off.

Abstract: High-power power distribution in an aircraft may use solid state power controller (SSPC) technology. A conventional electromechanical contactor may be used, in series, with a solid state switching device (SSSD) to achieve high-power power distribution. Since the electromechanical contactor does not need to be rated for arc handlings during normal SSPC operation, the electromechanical contactor may be simplified, resulting in cost, weight, volume, and failure rate reductions. The power distribution apparatus and methods of the present invention may be applicable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) applications and can be modified to form a three phase SSPC.

Abstract: A switching control system of circuit breaker, including at least: one switching control unit per circuit breaker, each of which inputs electrical quantity of power system voltage and main circuit current, state quantity of a circuit breaker, and an opening command signal or closing command signal of the circuit breaker, and performs control to cause the circuit breaker to open or close at a desired phase of the power system voltage or main circuit current; and a display operation unit connected with the switching control unit via a communication network and performs display operation to operate and monitor the operation and state of the switching control unit of circuit breaker. The switching control unit includes a first area for causing the circuit breaker to open or close at a desired phase of the power system voltage or current; and a second area for transmitting/receiving information via the communication network.

Abstract: A switching system for interfacing a single channel test equipment with a multi-channel device under test, the switching system including: an input connection for connecting to the single channel test equipment; an N-way switch having an N-way switch input coupled to the input connection, the N-way switch having N switch outputs; N output connections coupled to the N switch outputs, the N output connections for connecting to inputs of the multi-channel device under test; a controller coupled to the N-way switch for controlling a connection between the N-way switch input and one of the N switch outputs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a detachable electrical power receptacle, comprising: a main body; an extension socket for receiving and supplying an electrical power; and an extension power cord, being connecting between the extension socket and the main body. The detachable electrical power receptacle of the present invention includes a coil reel for winding the extension power cord. Whereby, the length of the extension power cord is adjustable so as to control the extension socket to be disengaged from the main body in an exposed mode or engaged to the main body in a concealed mode, so that the inconvenience by applying additional charging connectors and the extension power cords thereof to charge electronic devices may be reduced.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides an electromagnetic circuit interrupter for use in a high voltage direct current (DC) aircraft power distribution system. The electromagnetic circuit interrupter comprises a contact mechanism operable to separate first and second electrical contacts by a first predetermined distance d1 for a predetermined time ? so as to sustain an arc when the contact mechanism is opened. The contact mechanism is further operable to separate the first and second electrical contacts by a second predetermined distance d2 after the predetermined time ? so as to extinguish the arc. The first predetermined distance d1 is less than said second predetermined distance d2. By deliberately sustaining the arc for a relatively long period of time, this aspect of the present invention is particularly useful for extending the operational lifetime of the contacts and thereby of the electromagnetic circuit interrupter itself.

Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of a fuse module for fused electrical devices. According to one exemplary embodiment, a fuse module is mounted to the housing of a fused electrical device. The fused electrical device can include at least one power output displaced along the power distribution housing with the at least one power output electrically couplable to at least one power input. The fuse module can be electrically coupled to the at least one power input and electrically couplable to the at least one power outputs. Further, the fuse module can comprise at least one fuse holder that is movable between a first position in which a fuse held by the fuse holder is electrically couplable to the at least one power output and a second position in which a fuse held by the fuse holder not electrically couplable to the at least one power output and is exposed to allow access to the fuse.

Abstract: An electronic device indicating the use of a receptacle containing different fluids such as receptacles for foods such as ketchup sauce, powder such as talcum or gel such as toothpaste or any product having this presentation. The receptacles are of the type comprising a top or a means to extract the product to be utilized. The electronic device is included in the receptacle independently of the size thereof and makes no contact with the product contained by the receptacle.

Abstract: A control system for a pneumatically operated mast has a first control, a second control, and a positioning member. A first serial link communicates the first control with the second control. A second serial link communicates the second control with the positioning member. A relay system communicates with the first and second control and the positioning member. The relay system accommodates a 12 voltage or 24 voltage source.

Abstract: A device for breaking DC currents exceeding 2500 A has a resonance circuit connected in parallel with an interrupter and a surge arrester connected in parallel with the resonance circuit. The resonance circuit has a series connection of a capacitor and an inductance. The relationship of the capacitance in ?F to the inductance in ?H of the resonance circuit is ?1.

Abstract: A fuel cell power management system and an anti-islanding method using the power management system. The power management system includes a fuel cell to generate direct current (DC) power, a power conditioning system (PCS) to generate alternating current (AC) power from the DC power generated by the fuel cell, a power grid that is connected to the PCS, a detector to detect a change in the AC power flowing from an output line of the PCS, and a controller to control the connection between the PCS and the power grid, according to the result of the detection.

Abstract: A semiconductor power device, e.g., an Insulated Gate Bi-polar Transistor (IGBT) or a Metal-Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) may be constructed in a reusable and repairable cost-effective sealed shell. The switch may be provided with direct-pressure-contact caps which may perform as electrical conductors for a semiconductor die of the switch and also as thermal heat-sink contacts for the device. The switch may be provided with internal self-powered gate driving control and PHM incorporated in sealed shell. Embodiments of the switch may be constructed with no external gating/PHM connection pin penetrations through the shell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shot tracking device for attachment to a golf club. The shot tracking device comprises a housing, a battery, and a circuit board. A plurality of board components are disposed on the circuit board, the plurality of comprise a microprocessor, a resistor, a capacitor, a load switch and a RFID chip.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device selection structure for selecting one or more devices, comprising: a plurality of devices each having an input port and an output port; and a device module including a movement plate installed movably in conjunction with the plurality of devices, an input connector, and an output connector, wherein the input and output ports of the plurality of devices and the input and output connectors of the device module are installed so that during movement of the movement plate, the input and output ports of the plurality of devices are sequentially connected, at predetermined positions, to the input and output connectors of the device module.

Abstract: Electronic devices may have batteries that power internal circuitry. A power converter may connect to an input-output port in an electronic device to deliver power to the electronic device. Battery charging circuitry in the electronic device may be used to charge the battery in an electronic device while power is delivered from the power converter. The power converter may have load detection circuitry. When an output load is present, the power converter operates in an active mode and delivers power to the electronic device. When the output load is not present, the power converter enters a low-power standby mode. The electronic device has switching circuitry that periodically either electrically couples or electrically isolates the input-output port from internal circuitry. When the input-output port is isolated, the power converter senses that no output load is present and enters the standby state to conserve power.

Abstract: A current control device is described. The current control device includes at least one line socket configured to couple to a first power system. The current control device also includes at least one load socket configured to couple to a second power system and at least one micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) switching device coupled between the at least one line socket and the at least one load socket. The at least one MEMS switching device is configured to selectably couple the first power system to the second power system.

Abstract: Control apparatus for operating a rechargeable energy storage device and for collecting operating data, as well as a method for operating such a control apparatus. The invention is described with reference to the use in a motor vehicle and to the control of the rechargeable energy storage device thereof for the supply of the electric drive of the motor vehicle. However, it should be noted that an apparatus having the features of the claims can operate rechargeable energy storage devices also independently of motor vehicles, or in stationary use.

Abstract: A signaling device for a safety circuit has an input part for receiving an external state variable, at least one switching element and a control part. The control part controls the at least one switching element as a function of the external state variable, such that a signal applied to the input is communicated to the output. According to one aspect of the invention, the input of the switching element is internally connected to a fixed potential, preferably a fixed High potential. In a safety circuit for turning off a hazardous installation, such signaling devices are connected in series with one another to a safety controller. In such an arrangement, the control part of the downstream second signaling device also controls its switching elements as a function of the output of the first signaling device.

Abstract: A safety switching apparatus for the failsafe disconnection of an electrical load has a first and a second terminal for supplying a first and a second signal from a signaling device, such as an emergency-off button. The safety switching apparatus also has a first and a second switching element which together produce a redundant output switching signal for disconnecting the load. The first switching element has a first control circuit to which the first signal is supplied. The second switching element has a second control circuit to which the second signal is supplied. The safety switching apparatus further has circuitry providing a first current path, an alternative second current path and at least one further switching element. The at least one further switching element is designed to select either the first or the second current path, depending on a polarity of the second signal, in order to route the second signal to the second control circuit.

Abstract: The apparatus for feeding electrical energy into a power grid (8) with a DC voltage converter (2) intended for connection to a DC voltage generator (1) and with an inverter (3) connected thereto and intended for connection to a power grid (8), wherein the inverter contains a bipolar voltage intermediate circuit with two capacitors (C1, C2) that are placed in series and are connected together at a ground terminal (E3) intended for connection to a terminal of the DC voltage generator (1). The DC voltage converter (2) comprises at least two diodes (D3, D4), one switch and one storage choke (16) which is charged by the DC voltage generator (1) when the switch is closed and is discharged via the capacitors (C1, C2) and the diodes (D3, D4) when the switch is open.

Abstract: The switch device includes a control switch that turns on/off an electrical connection between an apparatus and the power supply, a condition judging circuit that judges conditions of driving the control switch, an electric wave reception circuit that receives an electric wave, and a power supply circuit that generates power from the electric wave received by the electric wave reception circuit. An electric wave transmission device that transmits an electric wave for making the switch device operate is arranged in a space, whereby the electric wave can be received by the electric wave reception device in the specific space. The switch device controls the control switch to be turned off/on when the electric wave is received. Alternatively, when the electric wave is not received, the switch device turns on/off the control switch.

Abstract: A switching controller for parallel power converters is disclosed. The switching controller includes an input circuit coupled to an input terminal of the switching controller to receive an input signal. An integration circuit is coupled to the input circuit to generate an integration signal in response to the pulse width of the input signal. A control circuit generates a switching signal for switching the power converters. The switching signal is enabled in response to the enabling of the input signal. A programmable delay time is generated between the input signal and the switching signal. The pulse width of the switching signal is determined in response to the integration signal.

Abstract: The object is to provide a safe non-contact electric power transmission apparatus reducing unnecessarily consumed electric power, while intermittently-operated or otherwise restrained electric power transmission is not performed, and heat is not generated when a metal such as a foreign object is placed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit configured to apply a supply voltage to a switching element (e.g., a transistor). The circuit includes a latch and a processor. The latch is configured to sample a voltage of an output signal of the switching element, and the processor is configured to generate a power adjustment signal to adjust the supply voltage based on the voltage sampled by the latch.

Abstract: Relay circuitry for a power-over-network device is provided. The relay circuitry allows power-supplying network devices to identify and subsequently to supply power across a network connection to the power-over-network device, thereby eliminating the need for external power sources. The relay circuitry is operative using only the signals transmitted along a data line across the network connection. The relay circuitry is integrated together with switching circuitry on-chip on the power-over-network device. The relay circuitry and switching circuitry are further designed to propagate both the test signals and the subsequent data signals prior to and after the turning on of the power-over-network device, respectively, with minimal signal degradation.

Abstract: A method of earthing two current inlet/outlet systems in a medium or high voltage switchgear using one circuit breaker comprises the following steps: a) switching OFF the circuit breaker; b) connecting the circuit breaker to the first current inlet/outlet system as well as to the earthing; c) switching the circuit breaker ON; d) providing a direct connection between the first current inlet/outlet system and the earthing via a connecting element; e) switching the circuit breaker OFF; f) disconnecting the circuit breaker at least from the first current inlet/outlet system; g) connecting the circuit breaker to the second current inlet/outlet system and to the earthing; and h) switching the circuit breaker ON. A switchgear apparatus to be used for said method is described as well.

Abstract: A battery-voltage detection circuit comprising: a first-capacitor; an operational-amplifier; a second-capacitor; a voltage-application-circuit to sequentially apply one and the other-battery-terminal-voltages to the other-first-capacitor-end; a discharge circuit to allow the second-capacitor to discharge before the other-battery-terminal-voltage is applied to the other-first-capacitor-end; a constant current circuit to output a constant-current causing predetermined-speed-discharge of electric charge accumulated in the second-capacitor in response to a discharge-start-signal input after voltage is applied to the other-first-capacitor-end; a comparator; and a measurement-circuit to measure a time-period from a time when the discharge-start-signal is input until a time when an comparator-output-signal changes to one logic level as a time-period corresponding to a battery-voltage, at least one of the operational-amplifier and the comparator being provided with an offset so that the comparator-output-signal chang

Abstract: A device is provided and includes an actuator, mounted to a wall box, including a power supply, a semi-conductor switch, an electrical load controller and a terminal coupled to the power supply and the controller, an actuator interface disposed to receive first commands relating to basic electrical load control by the controller and a separate interface, including a header to communicate with the terminal whereby the separate interface receives power and communicates with the controller, the separate interface being supportable at the wall box and, when the header and terminal communicate, configured to identify a type of the semi-conductor switch of the actuator and to receive second commands of a type unique to the identified actuator type and relating to the basic and enhanced electrical load control by the controller.

Abstract: The invention relates to a configurable device 1, a system comprising such a device and a configuration method particularly suitable for allowing configuration by the general public of devices comprising at least one microprocessor and a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remotely controlling an electrical load are provided. A switch is associated with controlling one or more electricity-consuming devices. After electrically isolating the switch from the electricity-consuming device, an adapter is communicatively coupled to and used to detect the state of the switch. The adapter generates and wirelessly transmits a signal indicative of the detected state of the switch to a controller that controls operation of the device based on at least the state of the switch as detected by the sensor and indicated by the wirelessly transmitted signal.

Abstract: A limit switch control device comprises a shaft, a sensor, an upper limit reed switch, a lower limit reed switch and a drive element that cooperate with a control circuit. The sensor is combined on the shaft which is driven by the drive element, which is provided with an upper limit witch and a lower limit switch, so that when the sensor detects the upper limit and the lower limit reed switches, the upper and the lower limit switches will be triggered to power off the drive element.