Abstract: In accordance with the invention, the motor includes: a rotor component composed of a shaft (1) of magnetic material provided with regularly spaced projections (3), and a stator component comprising at least three multipolar stators encircling the shaft consecutively, each polar core having cavities on the shaft side so as to constitute projections (13) of the same width and spacing as those of the shaft, with the spacing between stators being such that the projections of the shaft and those of the polar cores face one another for only one of the stators. A tight casing (2) is arranged to intersect the stator magnetic circuit and magnetic parts (21) extend the polar core to the interior of the casing. Application to nuclear reactors.

Abstract: Electronically controlled coil assembly for use in electrical and electronic applications such as tuned circuits, transformers, and devices which require or utilize a moving magnetic field. The coil assembly comprises a plurality of electrical conductors carried by a substrate with electronically controlled elements for controlling the windings which are energized or connected into a circuit. Embodiments are disclosed in which the coil assembly is constructed both in printed circuit form and in microminiature form.

Abstract: An electric motor comprised of laminated, coaxial, annular, inner and outer stators with an annular rotor coaxially positioned between the stators and with coils wrapped about corresponding, angularly spaced apart pole pieces of the inner and outer stators to generate a magnetic flux path which passes radially outward and inward through the rotor from the inner and outer stator pole pieces.

Abstract: A voice coil linear motor is described in which the armature is supported on a linear bearing attached to the magnet assembly. The magnet assembly comprises a permanent magnet attached to two cup-shaped members which define a gap in which the armature travels. The armature comprises a coil, capacitive position sensing means, and a spindle for a chuck or other device.

Abstract: Methods of operating, and apparatus including, a rotary electric motor to translate rotation of the motor into linear travel with the aid of a linearly traveling device. This linearly traveling device is restrained against rotation at points peripherally distributed relative to the device. In particular, there is a pair of interfitting parts including a linear keyplate and keyway at each of the peripherally distributed points. One of these interfitting parts is connected to the linearly traveling device and the other of these parts is maintained stationary relative to that one interfitting part. One of the linear keyplates may be provided with a first scale indicating the linear travel in a first system of measurement, such as the metric system, and another linear keyplate may be provided with a second scale indicating the linear travel in a second system of measurement, different from the first or metric system.

Abstract: A variable impact printing mechanism includes a supporting magnetic structure having a plurality of circumferential coils mounted thereon and having a central bore in which a magnetic hammer element is positioned for linear movement to cooperate with a type member positioned adjacent to one end of the bore in order to effect printing on a record member positioned between the hammer and the type member. A controller is provided to energize drivers for the various coils in predetermined sequences to vary the velocity achieved by the hammer element at the end of its printing movement in accordance with varying printing requirements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic force-transducer comprising a magnetic circuit and an electromagnetic coil kept movable in the static field provided by said magnetic circuit. The electromagnetic coil consists of two coaxial parallel windings wound on a common frame with a distance kept between the both. The magnetic circuit comprises an inner magnetic path and an outer magnetic path with a cylindrical clearance left therebetween. In the upper and the lower part of the clearance there are provided with an upper magnetic gap and a lower magnetic gap, respectively. The magnetic field in the upper gap and that in the lower gap are directed oppositely to each other. The coil frame is kept movable vertically in the cylindrical clearance, positioning one of the two windings in the upper magnetic gap and the other in the lower magnetic gap. The two windings are current-supplied in the directions opposite to each other to produce their respective electromagnetic forces in the same direction.

Abstract: A linear motion device, more specifically a control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) for inserting and withdrawing control rods into a reactor core, is capable of independently and sequentially positioning two sets of control rods with a single motor stator and rotor. The CRDM disclosed can control more than one control rod lead screw without incurring a substantial increase in the size of the mechanism.

Abstract: A magnetic linear drive includes an elongated cylindrical armature which is supported for axial displacement in a guiding pipe made of a pressure-resistant material. Two axially spaced solenoid windings are mounted on the guiding pipe and are interconnected by a permanent magnet. The solenoid windings are provided with lateral magnetically conducting cores the ends of which communicate with annular grooves formed in the guiding tube. The grooves are filled with a magnetically conductive material forming the poles of the electromagnet. In the region of the poles, the armature is formed with control flanges of different depths which are acted upon by the magnetic flux to impart the axial movement to the armature. One end of the armature is formed with a measuring flange which cooperates with measuring coils mounted on the guiding pipe.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator is disclosed comprising a substantially planar, permanent magnet arrangement providing at least one magnetic field extending generally normal to the plane of the magnet arrangement. Included is at least one conductor extending in a conductor plane generally parallel to the plane of the magnet arrangement with a portion of the conductor in intersecting relation to the field, whereby relative motion is effected between the conductor and the magnetic arrangement in their respective planes upon energization of the conductor. In one embodiment the magnetic arrangement is mounted for movement in a multiplicity of directions in the plane of the magnet arrangement and there are a plurality of separately energizeable conductors lying in or close to the conductor plane, each of the conductors having a portion configured for intersecting the one magnetic field at an angle different from other conductors.

Abstract: An electrodynamic device translates an objective 1 along a path 4 in a radial direction relative to the axis of rotation 2 of an optical disc 3 and comprises a slide 6 on which the objective is arranged and a parallel-guide arrangement along which the slide is movable. It also comprises two stator magnets 7A and 7B, arranged on a stator yoke of a magnetizable material, and two drive coils 8A and 8B which are connected to the slide 6 and which can be translated in the magnetic field of the stator magnets. The slide 6 is movable on two guide rods 8A and 9B of a magnetizable material, which rods provide the parallel guidance of the slide 6 and also serve as parts of the stator yoke, air gaps 12A and 12B being formed between the permanent magnets and the drive coils being arranged around the guide rods.

Abstract: A linear sliding motor device which includes a solenoid assembly, a sliding rail assembly, and a switching assembly (or a microswitch assembly). Whenever the solenoid is energized with A.C. or D.C. electrical current, the magnetic field generated will magnetize a ferro-magnetic piece located near the solenoid, and will attract said ferro-magnetic piece into the core of the solenoid. Three or more solenoids are connected in series, of which the hollow cores are filled with a rail arranged with ferro-magnetic pieces; then, the power supply of said solenoids is timely and alternately turned on or off by means of a switching means (or a micro-switch assembly). Now, every solenoid will attract the ferro-magnetic piece in the rail one by one in a relay-race manner; if the rail is fixed, the solenoid will move linearly, and vice versa. The linear movement may be arranged towards different direction through an appropriate switching method.

Abstract: A bearing structure for use in a linear motor or actuator including only a single guide rod in combination with a freely moving ball bearing. When used in a permanent magnet motor, the magnetic flux of the motor is used to preload the ball bearing to maintain a relatively constant bearing loading and to maintain the ball bearing in position.

Abstract: A method and device for magnetically transporting finely divided magnetic particles accumulated or deposited at a space. First a DC magnetic field is exerted to the finely divided magnetic particles so as to magnetize and bring them into an easy-to-be-handled state and then revolving alternating fields are exerted to the magnetized, finely divided magnetic particles, thereby magnetically transporting them.

Abstract: A pump for moving conductive or non-conductive liquids having a closed loop duct with an inlet and an outlet. An impeller is located within the duct and includes a plurality of serially connected iron cores arranged for rotation within the duct. Movement of the cores within the duct is effected by a plurality of solenoids arranged externally and concentrically of the duct. Control means in the form of sensors actuate and de-actuate one or more of the solenoids. A method for pumping discrete and separated portions of fluid along a path of confinement is also set forth herein.

Abstract: A linear stepper motor drives a read/write head in a radial path across a floppy disc. The linear stepper motor comprises a stator including a plurality of pole positions having windings associated therewith which are energized in different phases and a slider. The slider includes a plurality of teeth which cooperate with the teeth of the stator at the various pole positions so as to form a variable reluctance path through the slider. Longitudinally extending grooves of the slider cooperate with similar grooves in the stator to receive bearings for supporting the slider in the stator-to-stator air gap of the stator.

Abstract: A linear DC permanent magnet motor comprising a wound member having a plurality of windings wound on a slotted magnetic structure and a field member movable relative to said wound member, the field comprising permanent magnet means for developing a magnetic field and means for energizing with DC current at least some of the windings, the magnetic field of said permanent magnet means interacting with the energized windings causing said field member to move relative to said wound member. The motor also comprises support means for maintaining air gaps between the wound member and the field member.

Abstract: An AC or DC solenoid for operating a hydraulic or air valve, or another machine comprises a means provided at one end of an armature for reducing the effective cross-sectional area of a magnetic path extending through the armature and a yoke when the armature and a stationary core have a distance therebetween which is smaller than a predetermined fraction of the full stroke of movement of the armature. The solenoid is further provided between the armature and the stationary core with a means permitting them to be brought into axially overlapping relation to form a section of leakage flux therebetween. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided novel means for securing a solenoid of the armature in tube type to a valve body. The improved solenoid has a small size, a long life, and superior performance without causing any excessive attraction over a given small stroke and generating any large noise.

Abstract: A linear electric motor comprising a frame of magnetizable material, an armature provided with a permanent magnet having a pair of magnetic poles movably supported in the frame, and a stationary winding circumposing the armature, the winding comprising a pair of coils wound on a pair of axially spaced bobbins secured to the frame. The bobbins supporting the coils are disposed adjacent to the end portions of the frame. Each coil circumposes a pole piece secured to an end portion of the armature and each of the coils is disposed between one of the magnetic poles and the frame. Energization of the coils of the stationary winding exerts a force on the coils with respect to the armature resulting in linear motion of the armature.

Abstract: An improved electromagnetic actuator apparatus comprising a plurality of circular concentric tubes of varying length arranged in length order nested about one another from shortest to longest. Solenoid coil assemblies are attached to each tube so that magnetic circuits are formed between adjacent solenoid coil assemblies attached to adjacent tubes. Stops are attached to each tube at the end opposite from the solenoid coil assemblies. One of the shortest tubes is connected to a frame by a positive motion stop in one direction. A return spring connects to a frame on one end and to a carriage attachment member which slides about the shortest concentric tube on the other end. Selective electric excitation of individual solenoid coil assemblies causes translation of said carriage attachment member. The return spring carries the means for carriage attachment back to a rest position when electrical excitation is removed.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing linear motion comprising a coil defining an electromagnetic field across a gap; and a permanent magnet disposed within the magnetic field in the gap and arranged to be driven in motion by the magnetic field, the permanent magnet being configured such that its axis of magnetization lies along its smallest dimension.

Abstract: An electric motor having exceedingly high efficiencies includes three induction coils equally disposed about a circular path, a toroidally-shaped armature is disposed within the induction coils. The armature has a non-magnetic segment placed therein, thereby creating a pair of poles. Gear means are disposed within the armature and are operatively coupled thereto to provide mechanical output energy. The motor is driven by sequentially connecting a D.C. voltage to each of the three induction coils for a prescribed time.

Abstract: A linear motor is provided with a coil, a plunger selectively positionable thereby, a permanent magnet concentric with the coil and plunger having oppositely polarized magnetic poles on outer and inner surfaces creating a magnetic circuit extending through the plunger, end caps of non-magnetizable material in line with the plunger, and an output shaft of non-magnetizable material extending through an end cap.

Abstract: A preferred form of embodiment of the final control element comprises a direct-current electromagnet, with whose armature the regulator rod is connected; an inductive displacement transducer generating an electric output signal proportional to the stroke and having a pickup spool and a transducer rod connected to the regulator rod and influencing the inductivity of the pick-up spool in a stroke-proportional manner; and a restoring spring embodied as a helical compression spring, whose stroke-proportional restoring force acts counter to the attracting force of the magnet, which is proportional to the exciter current.

Abstract: The engine comprises a generally toroidal cylinder containing a piston having optional permanent magnets or electromagnets disposed thereon. The piston rotates through the cylinder due to a force exerted on it by expanding vapor. A shutter valve extends across the cylinder at one point and the vapor is injected between the shutter valve and the piston thereby forcing the piston to traverse the extent of the cylinder. An exhaust port is disposed such that the piston will pass it toward the completion of one revolution. The expanding vapor is exhausted through this port after which the piston momentum forces it past the shutter valve where a fresh supply of vapor is injected and the cycle repeats itself. Sensors and valving arrangements are supplied for providing optimum timing of the vapor injection. Also coils are disposed about the toroidal surface through which the magnet carrying piston passes for the production of electrical energy.

Abstract: Photographic camera shutter apparatus having at least one drivable control part arranged for reciprocation for controlling the photographic light admitted to the camera, e.g. a diaphragm aperture ring or a shutter blade ring, and an electromagnetic driving system for reciprocating the control part, including at least one corresponding assembly having opposed coacting reciprocally energizable electromagnetic field coils stationarily arranged in spaced apart relation and providing an intervening magnetic field space therebetween and movable permanent magnets arranged for reciprocation along such intervening field space in response to the corresponding energization of the stationary field coils and operatively connected for driving the control part in question concordantly for reciprocation thereof, whereby to control the photographic light admitted to the camera in dependence upon the energization of the field coils.

Abstract: An electromagnetic motor is provided with a samarium cobalt permanent magnet comprising a plurality of radially abutting segments. A combination of linear and non-linear springs with a force gradient larger than the magnetic force gradient facilitate motor operation in proportion to currents in electrical coils positioned on each side of the permanent magnet. Servoamplifiers independently control the current in each electrical coil in response to an input command signal, a motor position feedback signal and an actuator position feedback signal. A failure detection circuit detects coil failure by comparing current in each coil on one side of the magnet with the current in a corresponding coil on the opposite side of the permanent magnet. The circuit produces output signals to disconnect a defective coil and initiate an alarm. The circuit also detects power supply and motor position transducer failures by comparing their respective output voltage signals against predetermined reference voltages.

Abstract: A compound rotary and/or linear motor comprises two interposed magnet systems of which at least one is variable by an electronic control system to generate rotary and/or linear motion of the other. One of the two magnet systems consists of axially consecutive arrangements, preferably rings, of electrically separate magnet poles. The other magnet system contains at least one pair of magnet poles. The electronic control system is designed optionally or according to program to generate rotary motion by sequentially energizing consecutive magnets in a ring, to generate linear motion by sequentially energizing axially consecutive magnets and to generate a combined linear and/or rotary motion by sequentially energizing consecutive magnets forming a helix.

Abstract: The linear motor comprises a stator and an armature mounted for travel along the length of the stator. The stator includes an elongated inner flux-carrying structure extending in the direction of armature travel. A plurality of stationary coils are provided on the inner flux-carrying structure, the stationary coils being spaced in the direction of armature travel. The armature is provided with a plurality of radially magnetized permanent magnet units spaced in the direction of armature travel. The magnetic polarity of successive ones of the permanent magnet units alternates, proceeding in the direction of armature travel from one permanent magnet unit to the next. An outer flux-carrying structure, provided on either the stator or armature, extends in the direction of armature travel and surrounds the armature.

Abstract: A linear motor construction in which a plurality of parallelpiped shaped permanent magnets are retained within an easily molded spool having an axial bore formed through the axis thereof. A coil which may be electrically excited is wound about the spool and produces a magnetic field when excited, which reacts with the field produced by the permanent magnets to cause linear motion in a ferro-magnetic, cylindrical armature which is slidably contained within the axial bore.

Abstract: A linear stepping motor comprising a stator having a central passageway extending therethrough and a secondary in the form of an elongated cylindrical member disposed within the passageway. The stator is formed of a plurality of coil groups, each group including at least one hollow coil disposed between a pair of magnetic stator plates. The coil groups are disposed co-axially, with immediately adjacent groups separated by respective hollow non-magnetic spacer. The secondary includes a plurality of annular rings of magnetic material disposed at equally spaced locations along the secondary. The coil groups are sequentially pulsed by electrical energy to effect the stepwise movement of the secondary along the passageway.In one embodiment the secondary is a magnetic material rod having a plurality of peripheral grooves cut at equally spaced locations therealong, with the portions of the rod between the grooves forming the annular rings.

Abstract: A motor comprising a plurality of electromagnetic solenoids forming a core passageway for an armature consisting of alternatingly magnetizable and non-magnetic elements. Only one magnetizable element is in an energized solenoid at any given time, thus providing lower current requirements.

Abstract: A generally cylindrical armature for a linear motor includes an outer diameter region of involute laminate construction. Restricting the laminate assembly to an outer diameter region of the armature, which region constitutes a high magnetic flux density region, minimizes an arc of involute .alpha.. Minimizing the arc of involute .alpha. approximates more closely a true radial disposition of the involute laminations, thereby increasing the ability of the laminations to reduce eddy current losses, therein providing the basis for a more efficient linear motor.

Abstract: An electrical machine having an armature capable of both rotational movement and translational movement and which can be driven by alternating current or by stepwise control pulses. The coil of the machine is divided into two half-coils which are electrically separated and which each act on a separate group of pole teeth. The armature likewise has two groups of pole teeth, each of which cooperates with a group of teeth of the coil. The teeth are symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the machine, and the coil teeth lie at a different angle with respect to that median plane than do the armature teeth. The two half-coils are separately energized to produce moving poles in space.

Abstract: A device for contactless separation of individual ferromagnetic components from a flow of components, comprising a magnet and guards arranged between pole pieces. The guards are made from a non-magnetic material and confine a channel through which components are fed. The gap between the pole pieces is made narrowing in the direction of the component flow. The cross section of at least one pole piece is selected such as to ensure saturation of the magnetic material from which this pole piece is made, when a component being separated from the flow is in the narrowest portion of the pole gap.

Abstract: Underlying the present invention is the recognition that a conventional electric motor, which has its rotor move only in passing relation to the stator magnetic field-producing coils, is the significant source of inefficiency delaying the development of an effective use of electrical energy. That is said conventional electric motor's ineffective use of the motive power available from the electrical source, rather than any nominal extent thereof, is what primarily restricts the efficient use of existing electric motors and contributes to unpredictable electrical consumption, short circuits when in a stalled position, loss of directional power when starting with a load that causes a counter-rotation, inability to readily change speed and horsepower output, excessive costs of repair, inefficiencies caused by back EMF and other current losses which may amount to 20% of applied current, poor magnetic design, and other such problems, all of which are solved or obviated by the within improved electric motor.

Abstract: A power drive system to augment pedalling of a bicycle including a reversible magnetically balanced electromagnetic field positioned in proximity to one wheel of the bicycle, at least one permanent magnet mounted on the wheel to pass through the electromagnetic field when the wheels are rotated by conventional pedalling, and a reversing switch responsive to the position of the permanent magnet to alternate the polarity of the electromagnetic field thereby alternately attracting the permanent magnet into the electromagnetic field and thereafter repelling the permanent magnet outwardly from the electromagnetic field. A reed type switch is positioned to respond to the movement of the permanent magnet to reverse the polarity of the electromagnetic field. A proximity switch is triggered by conventional pedalling to turn off the power when pedalling ceases. Thus, the power drive system assists in the pedalling but does not provide power when the cyclist is coasting.

Abstract: A serial line printer uses a linear stepper motor of the variable reluctance type in which the toothed stator bar acts as a guide and support for the print mechanism carrier. Sensor elements movable with the carrier sense the presence of the teeth of the stator bar and generate timing signals usable for controlling operation of the printer and the motion of the carrier. The pitch of the teeth in the stator bar is proportional to the spacing of the print locations in a line of print.

Abstract: A linear actuator comprises a toothed magnetic motor bar and a motor element having a pair of E-cores on opposite sides of the motor bar. Rollers attached directly to the E-cores ride on the motor bar to maintain a fixed air gap between the motor bar and the pole faces of the E-cores. The E-cores are connected by I-shaped connector plates to hold the tooth relationship between E-cores. The connector plates also are flexible to compensate for variations in thickness of the motor bar.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for a control rod of a nuclear reactor adapted for rapid refueling is disclosed which electromechanically grips and moves a control rod in a step-by-step manner. Locking apparatus is included with the drive mechanism which locks the control rod in position when it is fully withdrawn from the core. The locking apparatus prevents the drive mechanism from inadvertently dropping the control rod. Therefore, during rapid refueling of a core, when the control rods are withdrawn and stored within an upper core supporting structure, there is no possibility of a control rod being accidentally dropped so as to interface with the rapid refueling operations.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator for linear driving of movable heads of a magnetic disc unit in an information processing system. A plurality of slits or plates are provided with a magnetic pole inscribed directly on the internal surface of a permanent magnet, and increase magnetic reluctance of the magnetic path and reduce inductance of a moving coil, thus providing shorter positioning time and stable control. In order to obtain the constant strength of magnetic flux and/or torque of a moving coil, said slits or plates have a particular structure.

Abstract: A system for controlling the closing of a camera shutter includes photosensitive means for detecting the available light level in the field of view of the camera to provide an output control signal a predetermined time after initiation of shutter closure dependent on the detected available light level. The power supply for the system includes a bidirectional linear magnetic generator which includes a spring drive which is mechanically loaded and unloaded by the film advance mechanism of the camera to power the exposure control circuitry. A solenoid, such as a rotary solenoid or linear solenoid magnetically latches the shutter in the open position during exposure until the solenoid coil is energized at the completion of the required exposure time to neutralize the magnetic flux in the magnetic stator of the solenoid, overcoming the magnetic latch and, due to a spring, thereafter biasing the armature to a second position which, through the mechanical linkage of the camera, closes the shutter.

Abstract: A valve pin is positioned to open and close a bleed port from the suction side of a carburetor to the exterior of the carburetor in response to variations in electrical control current. Control current is alternatively derived from sensing sources responsive to engine speed or temperature of the engine or engine exhaust. The valve element is connected to and actuated by a magnetic coil operating within the field of a permanent magnet and against a spring bias force to produce valve movement which is directly proportional to changes in the control current throughout the movement of the valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing the reliability of linear drive devices of a nuclear reactor to scram the control elements held in a raised position thereby. Each of the plurality of linear drive devices includes a first type of holding means associated with the drive means of the linear drive device and a second type of holding means distinct and operatively dissimilar from the first type. The system of linear drive devices having both types of holding means are operated in such a manner that the control elements of a portion of the linear drive devices are only held in a raised position by the first holding means and the control elements of the remaining portion of linear drive devices are held in a raised position by only the second type of holding means. Since the two types of holding means are distinct from one another and are operatively dissimilar, the probability of failure of both systems to scram as a result of common mode failure will be minimized.

Abstract: A linear motion device of the type having a plurality of gripper assemblies for engaging projections on a linearly movable element to effect stepwise movement thereof. Each of the gripper assemblies is movable into and out of engageable relationship with the element to thereby yield three relative positions between the element and the gripper assembly--a latched position, a coupled position and an unlatched position. Also, each of the gripper assemblies is movable relative to its support means between respective raised and lowered positions. The gripper assemblies are supported on the support means in spaced relationship and the projections are spacedly positioned on the element so that each gripper assembly, when in its lowered position relative to the support means, can be moved into the coupled position with respect to the element when the other gripper assembly is in its latched position and is in either its raised position or lowered position relative to the support means.