Abstract: The invention relates to an electric machine, in particular a commutator machine (10), the carbon brushes (14) of which cooperate with a commutator (13) to supply the rotor with current, the carbon brushes (14) being continuously provided or provided in layer sections with different additives such as scouring material, lubricants or similar. To achieve a longer service life for the carbon brushes (14), a maximum of half, preferably less than half of all the carbon brushes (14) of the machine have a significant fraction of an additive, said fraction differing from that of the other carbon brushes (14).

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention relate to a carbon brush for transmitting high currents, having a connecting element for connecting an electrical track and a consumable contact element with a contact surface that is designed to lie flush against a commutator device, wherein the connecting element and the contact element are combined in a layer transition zone aligned perpendicularly to the direction of wear of the carbon brush and form a one-piece molded body, wherein the connecting element and the contact element have different compositions, such that a carbon component of the contact element is greater than the carbon component of the connecting element and the contact element has a metal component differing from that of the connecting element.

Abstract: An electric motor has a pair of brushes for transferring power to windings of a wound rotor by making sliding contact with a cylindrical commutator. Each brush has a body with a pair of end surfaces, and a contact surface extending between the end surfaces and configured to slidingly contact a cylindrical circumferential surface of the commutator. The extending direction of the contact surface is inclined relative to the axial direction of the commutator, and the contact surface is V-shaped when viewed in the extending direction thereof.

Abstract: A multilayer brush, which essentially contains a composite having a graphite component and having a copper component, and a layered structure, a first layer being furnished with a high copper component and a further layer being furnished with a comparatively low copper component. It is provided that the copper component of the first layer in comparison with the copper component of the second layer corresponds to a ratio of ?3/2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brush 10 suitable for coming into contact with conducting plates 12 provided on an electric motor commutator 11. According to the invention, the brush has a means 15 for adjusting its pole coverage between the start of life of the motor and its stabilized operation. This is therefore a brush with pole coverage that can be varied over its operating life. Such a brush is more particularly fitted into a motor for a ventilation (air conditioning) system for motor vehicle.

Abstract: A rotating electrical machine, which is a direct current motor, includes carbon brushes. Each carbon brush contains graphite grains, metal particles, and solid lubricant, which are sintered in a dispersed state. The graphite grains are each formed of granulated substance of raw graphite particles, and the particle diameters of the graphite grains are within a range of 60 to 280 ?m. The surface of the granulated substance is coated with amorphous carbon made of carbides of organic binder. A plurality of holes are formed in each carbon brush. The dimension (maximum dimension) of the holes is less than half the average particle diameter of the raw graphite particles.

Abstract: An electric motor that includes a rotor; a coil that is wound around the rotor; and a carbon brush that supplies power to the coil, wherein the brush is formed by using a raw material in which artificial graphite whose crystallites are flaky in shape is mixed with natural graphite whose crystallites are squamous or scaly in shape.

Abstract: In a vehicle disk brake, a motor housing houses in a housing recess a case into which an end of an output shaft liquid-tightly protrudes, and is mounted to a caliper body. A reduction mechanism having an output rotating member is sealed in the case while part of the output rotating member fluid-tightly protrudes from the case so as to be coaxially and operatively connected to a rear portion of the screw shaft. Grease is charged into the case. Thus, the case for housing the reduction mechanism is simply configured while preventing leakage of the grease charged into the case, and mounting of the case to the caliper body is facilitated.

Abstract: A stator has four or more magnetic poles. A commutator has a plurality of segments arranged in the circumferential direction and a short-circuit conductor for short-circuiting predetermined segments from among these segments. Each segment has an angular width WS, and there is a gap of an angular width WU between the segments. A substantial angular width WB of each of an anode brush and a cathode brush satisfies (n?1)(WS+WU)+WU<WB<n(WS+WU)+WU, where n is an integer no less than two. A plurality of coils are each connected to the corresponding one of the segments in order to form n closed loops. The closed loops each pass through the corresponding segments and are electrically independent of each other.

Abstract: A carbon brush that suppresses a wear amount of a carbon commutator and has less swelling is provided. The carbon brush has a part connected to a lead and is one that slides in contact with a carbon commutator that is used in a fuel pump. The bulk density of the carbon brush is 1.85 g/cm3 or less, and the shore hardness of the carbon brush is 40 or less.

Abstract: A brush holder for a motor. The brush holder includes a plastic support structure corresponding incorporating at least a first and a second essentially rigid conducting element connected, respectively, between positive and negative brush or brushes and associated connecting members to form corresponding connecting paths in the brush holder for connecting the brushes to the terminals of an external source of supply voltage. At least one discontinuity is provided in at least one of the connecting paths. A resiliently deformable and electrically conducting strip is connected mechanically and electrically across this discontinuity, with a substantially permanent connection at one end, and with a thermally fusible connection at the other end, the strip having a resilient pre-loading which tends to break the connection at the said other end.

Abstract: In a process for attaching a shunt wire to a carbon brush body in which a resin-containing cement is tamped into a cavity in the brush body, an improved cement is used, formed from a mixture of polyphenylene sulfide powder having a grain size of 5 to 50 ?m and copper-based powder. The brush produced thereby is improved in resistance to alcohol-containing fuels.

Abstract: An electrical brush having at least one conductive element and at least one conditioning material coated on the at least one conductive element wherein the conditioning material has a composition and thickness on the conductive element such that, as deposited on a moving contact surface in the course of brush operation, the conditioning material can have an average film thickness S<˜1 ?m so that current can be conducted by means of electron tunneling through a film thickness of the deposited conditioning material of Si?12 nm thickness over a fractional area fC, greater than 0.01 of a foot print of the conductive element in a current conductive area.

Abstract: A motor brush material contains copper particles dispersed and configuring particle group structure supported in inner pores of a sintered body containing carbon as a major component.

Abstract: The claimed invention involves a novel composition of matter comprising a mixture of Fe—Mo Intermetallic and copper oxide. A novel composition of matter of Fe—Mo Intermetallic, copper oxide and calcium carbonate is also claimed. The claimed invention also involves a novel friction lining additive comprising Fe—Mo Intermetallic and copper oxide for improved braking effectiveness. Fe—Mo Intermetallic, copper oxide and calcium carbonate may also be used as a friction lining additive according to the present invention. The claimed invention also includes a novel motor brush comprising Fe—Mo Intermetallic and copper oxide for improved wear. Fe—Mo Intermetallic, copper oxide and calcium carbonate may also be used as a motor brush additive according to the present invention.

Abstract: A sliding electrical contact part is disclosed. The contact part includes a base of carbonaceous material and copper. The contact part is lead-free and contains zinc and iron-base particles having a size less than 500 ?m. The contact part is particularly suitable for electrical devices which require high friction densities and friction velocities, such as motor vehicle starters with a high power-to-weight ratio.

Abstract: A carbon brush guide for dynamoelectric machines, in particular for electric motors. The carbon brush guide is produced from aluminum and has at least one insulating layer made of anodized aluminum. Such a carbon brush guide is used in particular for multilayer carbon brushes. The carbon brush guide produces little brush noise, and experiences less wear and tear.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electrical component, e.g., brush, manufacture are provided that control grain orientation. The systems and methods utilize hot pressing techniques to enhance the properties and functionalities of the electrical components/brushes. An intermediate work product characterized by a grain orientation is initially formed through a conventional pressing technique. The conventionally-pressed intermediates are positioned within a cavity/die with the grain orientation in a predetermined orientation relative to the hot press force to be applied thereto. The hot pressed final product exhibits superior resistivity, strength and apparent density/durability. Surface features may be formed on the face(s) of the final work product during the hot pressing step that cannot be achieved in conventional processing techniques. Advantageous articles of manufacture, e.g., brushes and brush assemblies, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A contact assembly for making electrical connection between coaxial members generally includes a rotor having a plurality of spaced apart circumferential electrically conductive rings, and a stator surrounding a rotor with a plurality of spaced apart grooves aligned with the plurality of rings at a variable distance therefrom and enabling continuous, or sustained rotation of the rotor within the stator. A plurality of circular canted-coil springs is provided with each spring being disposed and a corresponding groove providing constant force against a corresponding ring independent of the variable distance between the compression ring and the groove. A plurality of electrical leads is provided with each lead being electrically connected to a corresponding ring.

Abstract: A spring device includes of a coil spring case formed of right, left, back and front side plates and a spring receiving plate, a coil spring having a linear spring property, and a spring urging member for urging the coil spring into the coil spring case. A distance between the right and left side plates of the spring case is set a little larger than an outer diameter of the coil spring. A distance between the back and front side pates of the spring case is set about 1.5 to 2 times larger than the outer diameter of the coil spring, and a length of the spring case is set smaller than a free length of the coil spring. The coil spring is deformed and a non-linear spring property is obtained when the coil spring is urged through the spring urging member.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electrical component, e.g., brush, manufacture are provided that control grain orientation. The systems and methods utilize hot pressing techniques to enhance the properties and functionalities of the electrical components/brushes. An intermediate work product characterized by a grain orientation is initially formed through a conventional pressing technique. The conventionally-pressed intermediates are positioned within a cavity/die with the grain orientation in a predetermined orientation relative to the hot press force to be applied thereto. The hot pressed final product exhibits superior resistivity, strength and apparent density/durability. Surface features may be formed on the face(s) of the final work product during the hot pressing step that cannot be achieved in conventional processing techniques. Advantageous articles of manufacture, e.g., brushes and brush assemblies, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A brush body 4 of a metal-graphite brush 2 is composed of a commutator side portion 6 which contains graphite, copper and a metal sulfide solid lubricant, and a lead side portion 8 which contains graphite and copper but does not contain any metal sulfide solid lubricant. A lead wire 10 is attached to the lead side portion 8 containing no metal sulfide solid lubricant.

Abstract: A brush to be disposed on a commutator of a dc rotary electric machine includes a high resistance member to be positioned at a front side of the commutator in the rotation direction, a low resistance member to be positioned at a back side in the rotation direction of the commutator, a medium resistance member disposed between the high resistance member and the low resistance member. The content of conductive material is arranged so that the low resistance member and the high resistance member have a difference ranging from 45% to 70%, and so that the medium provides a thermal expansion coefficient between the low resistance member and the high resistance member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal coated carbon brush having a carbonaceous substrate and a metal coating formed on a surface of the carbonaceous substrate having a mean pore radius of 0.1–2.0 ?m and an accumulative pore volume of 50–600 mm3/g.

Abstract: A metal-graphite brush for supplying electricity to a coil wound around a core provided at a rotor of a motor is made of sintered material having porosities at a surface and inside thereof, and the porosities is infiltrated with a conductive liquid having a boiling point higher than that of water.

Abstract: A metal-graphite brush for supplying electricity to a coil wound around a core provided at a rotor of a motor is made of sintered material having porosities at a surface of, or inside, the sintered material. The metal-graphite brush is infiltrated by a liquid containing a plurality of kinds of glycol ether having varying numbers of alkylene oxide structure units. The liquid has a boiling point higher than that of water.

Abstract: A metal-graphite brush comprises a brush body which is made by mixing and molding metal powder and graphite powder. 2 mg to 30 mg as amounts of phosphate ion of at least one of phosphoric acid and a phosphate compound is added to 1 g of the brush body of the metal-graphite brush.

Abstract: In the present invention, by selecting an optimum combination of plating layer materials or materials, not only the manufacturing cost of motor brush is reduced but also a plating layer having excellent characteristics is formed in a narrow width on the surface of brush base material so as to have a predetermined thickness. The present invention is formed by a brush sliding portion that slides on a motor commutator and a plate-shaped brush base material that is slender as a whole and supports the brush sliding portion. This brush sliding portion is formed by Pd plating portion formed over a predetermined length on a part in the lengthwise direction of the brush base material that supports the brush sliding portion. This Pd plating is applied on the brush base material via backing Ni plating.

Abstract: Molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide or the like as a solid lubricant and any of alumina, silica, silicon carbide or the like as an abrasive are added to filter graphite. A metal of good electric conductor is coated over the whole surface of a carbon brush material except a part of the carbon brush material to be contacted with a commutator. When the commutator rotates clockwise, a metal coating of the good electric conductor is removed mechanically from at least a part of at least either of a left side surface or a right side surface.

Abstract: For checking transfer of data cells in an asynchronous switching arrangement, cells are cyclically marked and counted before entering and after leaving the arrangement. A periodical time frame composed of N interleaved checking cycles is imposed. Each cycle (C1) includes two phases, a first phase (IC1) for marking and counting the cells, when received and before switching, and a second counting phase (OC1) for counting cells after switching. An identification mark is introduced in every cell received during the first phase of every cycle, it is linked to the position of this cycle in the time frame. Cells marked according to a cycle are counted as soon as switched during the second phase of the cycle, which starts with a determined delay (d1) during each first phase, for a determined duration (t2). A determination of the correspondence between the two counts obtained during a cycle is made and induces a fault signaling as soon as such a correspondence as otherwise determined is not obtained.

Abstract: An axial direction sliding-contact type brush apparatus is provided which can not only maintain performance of suppressing vibration of a brush of a flat vibrator motor but also allow the brush to form a stable electrical contact with a commutator. The base portion of the brush is installed at the exposed portion of the pattern of the brush base above the bracket at an elevation angle of 45° or less with respect to the brush base. The ultraviolet-cured acryl-based resin is coated on the base portion of the brush to cover a position located at about ? of the side projection length L of the brush arm portion from the base portion of the brush.

Abstract: In a multilayer brush composed chiefly of copper and graphite and incorporated therein with a solid lubricant, which consists essentially of two types of brushes, a high-copper-content part brush containing the copper in a large quantity and a low-copper-content part brush containing the copper in a small quantity, at least the high-copper-content part brush contains zinc in an amount of from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight, and the zinc and the copper form an alloy. This can provide a multilayer brush having a superior durability, which can prevent the performance of motors from lowering, without use of the harmful substance such as lead, and may less undergo any wear due to mechanical and electrical sparkling of the brush.

Abstract: In a multilayer brush composed chiefly of copper and graphite and incorporated therein with a solid lubricant, which consists essentially of two types of brushes, a high-copper-content part brush containing the copper in a large quantity and a low-copper-content part brush containing the copper in a small quantity, at least the high-copper-content part brush contains zinc in an amount of from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight, and the zinc and the copper form an alloy. This can provide a multilayer brush having a superior durability, which can prevent the performance of motors from lowering, without use of the harmful substance such as lead, and may less undergo any wear due to mechanical and electrical sparkling of the brush.

Abstract: An brush assembly is provided in which electric power losses in brushes 32 are reduced, thereby suppressing an abnormal or excessive rise in temperature of the brushes. A tip end of a lead wire 33 inserted into a corresponding brush 32 in a direction of pressing upon press molding thereof is embedded in the brush in such a manner that it extends over two thirds or more of the length in the pressing direction of the brush 32.

Abstract: Ag particles produced by chemical reduction and having a mean particle size of 5 &mgr;m are added by 0.05-3 wt % and Zn are added by 2-10 wt % to a Pb-less brush body containing graphite, Cu and a metal sulfide solid lubricant of a metal-graphite brush.

Abstract: A brush body 4 of a metal-graphite brush 2 is composed of a Pb-less commutator side portion 6 which contains graphite, copper and a metal sulfide solid lubricant, and a lead side portion 8 which contains graphite, copper, the metal sulfide solid lubricant and Pb.

Abstract: A DC commutator motor that is driven by a direct current power source obtained by rectifying an alternating current power source includes a plus-side brush made of material having a high resistivity and a minus-side brush made of material having a low resistivity. A capacitor is inserted in and connected parallel to the direct current power source. The commutator motor makes use of specials tubes having different shapes to avoid an incorrect insertion of one of the specials tubes into the insertion hole designed to receive the other of the specials tubes.

Abstract: The brush is capable of reducing contact resistance between the brush and a commutator, improving efficiency of a motor and restricting exhaustion of the brush. The brush includes carbon nano fibers and/or carbon nano tubes whose outermost layers have electric conductivity.

Abstract: A metal-graphite brush comprises a brush body which is made by mixing and molding metal powder and graphite powder. 2 mg to 30 mg as amounts of phosphate ion of at least one of phosphoric acid and a phosphate compound is added to 1 g of the brush body of the metal-graphite brush.

Abstract: 0.4 to 8 wt % of indium is added to a Pb-less metal-graphite brush containing graphite, copper and a metal sulfide solid lubricant.

Abstract: The permeance between the small teeth provided on the stator magnetic pole and the rotor magnetic pole may be varied regularly according to the rotation of the rotor. The small stator teeth provided on the tip end of each stator magnetic pole are divided into sets of two or three small stator teeth and at least one pitch of the adjacent teeth is different from the other pitch of the other adjacent teeth, so that the vector sum of the quaternary harmonics of permeance in each set is substantially zero.

Abstract: To provide a contact material suitable for a commutator of a micromotor which can improve wear resistance and prolong the life of the micromotor by improving an Au-based clad composite material provided at an outermost layer with Au or an Au alloy. The present invention provides the Au-based clad composite material including a surface of a contact substrate having an Ag—Cu—Si alloy layer cladded with Au or the Au alloy, wherein an intermetallic compound Cu—Si is dispersed and deposited in Au or the Au alloy.

Abstract: A conductive fiber brush including a brush stock composed of plural conductive fibers or strands of fibers at least some of which may have plural bends along the length of the fibers or strands. The fibers may have a diameter less than 0.2 mm and are arranged in contacting engagement with each other with the touching points among the fibers or strands maintaining elastic tension between the fibers or strands and thereby maintaining voids between the fibers or strands to produce a packing fraction between 1 and 50% and in extreme cases up to 70% but generally between 10-20% depending on the various factors, including the materials used, the current densities to be conducted, and the sliding speeds under operation. The plural bends are implemented by producing fibers or strands having a regular or irregular spiral, wavy, saw-tooth, triangular, and/or rectangular pattern, or other undulating pattern.

Abstract: A brush of a rotary electric machine includes a brush element and a pigtail. The brush element includes a high-conduction member extending in the longitudinal direction and a low-conduction member bonded to a side of the high-conduction member. The low-conduction member is a thin layer extending in the longitudinal direction from the contact surface to the middle of the length of the brush element. The wire end is embedded in the high conduction member on the side of the low-conduction member remote from the contact surface.

Abstract: A conductive fiber brush including a brush stock composed of plural conductive fibers or strands of fibers at least some of which may have plural bends along the leg of the fibers or strands. The fibers may have a diameter less than 0.2 mm and are arranged in contacting engagement with each other with the touching points among the fibers or strands maintaining elastic tension between the fibers or strands and thereby maintaining voids between the fibers or strands to produce a packing fraction between 1 and 50% and in extreme cases up to 70% but generally between 10-20% depending on the various factors, including the materials used, the current densities to be conducted, and the sliding speeds under operation. The plural bends are implemented by producing fibers or strands having a regular or irregular spiral, wavy, saw-tooth, triangular, and/or rectangular pattern, or other undulating pattern.

Abstract: A power tool has an electric motor with a stator assembly and an armature rotatable within the stator assembly. A commutator is rotatable with the armature and is connected to the armature via a shaft. The commutator has an outer layer formed from a titanium graphite material. Brushes are associated with the commutator and are held in an end plate. The brushes are formed from a titanium graphite material.

Abstract: The invention describes a carbon brush for an electrical machine. Carbon brushes of this type need to fulfill two requirements. First, the carbon brush should be as resistant to abrasion as possible. Second, as little noise as possible should be generated at the brush/collector crossover during the operation of the motor. Consequently, the invention proposes to bevel the face surface of the carbon brush, and to provide the face surface with transverse grooves within its lower region.

Abstract: This invention relates to a carbon brush for an electric motor. These carbon brushes are guided in tubular brush holders and are pressed against a commutator. Furthermore, the brushes of the present invention include inclined side edges so that the front frontal surface has a trapezoidal cross-section. The consequence thereof is that, when sliding along the commutator, the commutator bars will always support the side edges over the major part of their length. The ratchet effect is thus suppressed.

Abstract: A brush structure for a motor is provided for realizing an equalization of wear of brushes without causing an early wear of a specific brush while not necessitating a complicated conduction controlling device. A first brush, which is one of four brushes, conducted at both Lo mode and Me mode is formed to have a larger sliding contact area for contacting a commutator slidably compared with a sliding contact area of a second brush which is conducted at Hi mode only. Current density in the first brush at Lo mode and Me mode becomes smaller than current density at Hi mode.

Abstract: An electrical brush having a wear indicator in the form of a marking substance within the brush which removes a film from a rotating collector surface of an electrical device just prior to the brush becoming worn to its minimum length. The removal of the film leaves a bright streak on the collector surface, and provides a visual indication that the brush is in need of replacement.