Abstract: Disclosed are methods of making dynamoelectric machines which include use of two sheet metal cup-shaped members to form a housing that completely surrounds and encloses the stator. The stator is assembled with a can in such a manner that the core of the stator is completely contained within the can. Thereafter, a cap is positioned at the exposed face of the stator and the cap and can are joined together by a sheet metal fastening technique which displaces material from one superposed sheet into a second sheet of material. The can and cap are precision formed so that they will have precision sized and located bearing receivers and core retention regions. Both the cap and the can are provided with multiple flange locations which are utilized for fastening the can and cap together during the assembly process.

Abstract: A small, low-voltage direct current (DC) motor for use as an educational device for students. The motor is made from simple hardware such as nails, magnets, threaded rods, nuts, washers and common household materials such as wood scraps, paper clips and milk or water containers. The preferred embodiment consists of a motor shaft 1, armature pole pieces 2 comprising nails, commutator segments 3, non-metallic tubing 4, non-metallic washers 5 and 6, metallic washers 7, hot-glue or epoxy filler 8, armature pole nuts 9, magnetic wire 10, commutator compression nuts 11, permanent field magnets 13, brushes 14 and terminal screws 15. In other embodiments, the nail motor can also be used to demonstrate alternating (AC) operation by replacing permanent field magnets with handmade nail- or bolt-electromagnets. The motor can be used to motorize models utilizing materials and instruction from a kit. The motor can also be used to demonstrate electric generator principles in the mill-volt range.

Abstract: An actuator, with two independent degrees of freedom, rotates a stage about an axis and moves the stage along the axis, the range of motion defining a cylinder or cylindrical section. The stage is mounted on a hollow cylindrical plunger fitting in an annular well. A bearing allows the plunger to move axially and rotationally, in the preferred embodiment the bearing is an air bearing. The plunger has an array of permanent magnets on its external cylindrical face opposite coils in the well. Equal numbers of oppositely-polarized permanent magnets are arranged in a regular cylindrical pattern at 50% packing density forming rings and columns of like-polarity magnets, the rings of one polarity alternating with rings of opposite polarity and the columns of one polarity alternating with columns of opposite polarity. A set of Z-axis coils (for axial movement) curve around the plunger and are shaped to allow a current in them to produce an axial force with respect to the rings of magnets. A set of .phi.

Abstract: An external power head is energized by a motor causing movement of an element that produces a varying magnetic field, thereby inducing power in an implanted receiver coil within a patient's body. The external power head includes either one or more moving permanent magnets, or one or more moving elements that vary the magnetic flux coupled to the implanted receiver coil. As a result of the varying magnetic field experienced by the implanted receiver coil, an electric current flows from the implanted receiver coil to energize an implanted medical device.

Abstract: A method of controlling the axis S of a rotary member 1 is disclosed which comprises the steps of: (a) sampling an inclined angle .theta. and it's rate d.theta./dt of the rotary member; (b) in response to the angle .theta. and rate d.theta.

Abstract: A rotary actuator includes a pole riser that acts as a mechanical stop and provides advantageous magnetic latching features, which overcome the problems typically associated with the end of travel in conventional rotary actuators. The pole riser designed in accordance with this invention includes a necked region of reduced cross-sectional area, which allows for an air gap to be maintained between at least a portion of the pole riser and the rotor pole at the end of travel. The pole riser necked region provides an additional flux pathway that is magnetically saturated and the remainder of the pole riser provides a magnetic pathway for a latching flux, which maintains the rotor in an end of travel position without requiring an increase in the current through the coil. A rotary actuator design and control methodology are disclosed.

Abstract: The oscillating mass is integral with a toothed wheel which is engaged with pinions at the periphery of a plate. Many rotors at the periphery of the plate are located between sections of a peripheral, annular stator. The sections of the stator comprise cores and coils. It is thus possible with a simple construction of small thickness to obtain sufficient efficiency and power of the generator without considerable multiplication of the movement of the oscillating mass. The plate has a recess capable to receive a movement of an electronic watch of an existing caliber. The generator comprising the plate, the oscillating mass, the rotors and the stator constitutes an independent module capable to be assembled with a movement of an existing watch.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator (1) comprises two actuator sections which are translatable relative to one another along an actuator axis (1a) and which are rotatable about the actuator axis, a first actuator section (1) comprising a coil system and a second actuator section (3) comprising a permanent magnet system for cooperation with the coil system via an air gap. The coil system is arranged on a magnetically conductive yoke (5) and comprises a cylindrical translation coil (9) and a toroidal rotation coil (7), which are coaxial with the actuator axis. The permanent magnet system comprises an annular magnet (11), which is coaxial with the actuator axis, for cooperation with both the translation coil and the rotation coil. The magnet has a radial magnetisation (B) which is interrupted by an annular segment (13). The magnetically conductive yoke has a central core (5b) around which the translation coil is arranged and a shell (5a) on which the rotation coil is disposed.

Abstract: A permanent magnet rotor includes a core and a plurality of magnetizable elements adhesively secured to the outer surface of the core. The core and adhered magnetizable elements are cold-pressed into a deep drawn cup-shaped outer metallic shell having a substantially closed end wall and an opposite open end defined by a peripheral edge which is rolled over the periphery of an end plate to encapsulate the core and magnetizable elements within the shell with an insulator disk disposed between each end of the core and the adjacent shell end wall and end plate. A method and apparatus for cold pressing the core and magnetizable elements into the cup-shaped shell and forming the peripheral edge of the shell over the end plate to effect encapsulation are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electric power generating system including a plurality of individual magnetic field sources each producing a magnetic field in a distinct region; a plurality of electrical conductors each disposed in a different one of regions so as to be linked by flux lines of the magnetic fields therein; a superconductive shield maintained at a temperature sufficient to achieve a superconducting state thereof; and a motive mechanism for producing movement of the superconductive shield with respect to the magnetic field sources such that the superconductive shield sequentially moves through the regions to intercept at least a portion of the magnetic field therein and thereby vary the magnetic flux linked with the conductor therein and thereby produce therein an electromagnetic force.

Abstract: A compact system specially adapted for optical scanning in microscopes, substantially eliminates vibration associated with scanned elements which are rapidly reciprocated through relatively large angular arcs at substantial distances from a pivot axis by providing a counterrotating counterbalancing element and a second counterbalancing element rigidly connected to the scanned element in which the centers of mass of both the counterrotating counterbalance and the counterbalanced scanned element are placed on a single rotational axis about which the two counterbalanced systems oppositely rotate, thereby eliminating unbalanced momentum vectors to reduce transmission of vibration to the stationary supporting structures.

Abstract: An operating turbine monitor is described incorporating one or more acoustic sensors positioned next to a blade row of a rotor, an analog digital converter, a tachometer sensor at the rotor shaft, a memory, a synchronous averaging circuit, a subtractor circuit, and a comparator. The invention overcomes the problem of monitoring an operating turbine of order-related turbine blade vibration and for non order-related turbine blade vibration as well as for other turbine conditions.

Abstract: A self-powered back-up alarm for mounting to the wheel hub of a heavy truck or like vehicle. The alarm includes a housing adapted to be mounted to a vehicle wheel hub. Inside the housing is a magnetized stator that is held stable by a counterweight mounted for free rotation to a spindle in the housing. Also mounted in the housing is a power supply including a coil positioned adjacent the stator in the housing and attached thereto so that it rotates about the stator when the wheel hub turns. A battery stores the energy developed across the coil when the wheel hub rotates. Also mounted inside the housing are sensors located adjacent the stator that similarly rotate with the wheel hub. The sensors, in combination with an associated detect circuit, produce a reverse motion signal whenever the vehicle backs up. An audio alarm, located in the housing, is actuated by the reverse motion signal and emits an audible warning whenever the vehicle backs up.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved vibrating device or electromassager including a vibrating plate rocking corresponding to rotation of a crank shaft interlocking with a motor, and a counter weight for compensating for reaction against rocking of the vibrating plate. In the vibrating device thus constructed, the center of gravity of the vibrating plate and that of the counter weight are disposed on the same plane perpendicular to the crank shaft. Accordingly no foce is applied to shake the vibrating plate in the direction of the crank shaft. The vibrating plate is thus rocked stably and noiselessly without making the body of the vibrating device bounce.

Abstract: An AC electrical machine which includes a superconducting, diamagentic flux shield cylinder enclosing the stator windings such that the magnetic flux produced by the machine's rotor is bottled within the flux shield.

Abstract: Known rotational signal generators for generating signals that correspond to the rotational speed and/or the angle of rotation of a rotatable component part may be connected with the rotatable component part, by means of a coupling or the like. This coupling results in higher space requirements and in an expensive assembly of the rotational signal generator. The rotational signal generator according to the invention is equipped with a hollow shaft and can be fitted onto the rotatable component part. For the compensation of misalignments or the like of the rotatable component part, the rotational signal generator is mounted elastically. The rotational signal generator may be used for measuring the rotational speed, for measuring the angle of rotation, for measuring the length and for similar operations in the fields of driving technology, systems construction, automatization technology and the like.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine has a brushless, substantially ironless stator coil of a long electrical wire conductor which comprises a large number of straight legs which are grouped into spaced bundles to form a thin-walled structure that may be cylindrical as in FIG. 1 or flat as in FIG. 6. The thin-walled structure may be supported by a plastic framework or may be adhered to a thin, correspondingly cylindrical or flat, ferromagnetic sheet. A ferromagnetic sheet not only supports the coil, but also enhances efficiency by providing a return path for electromagnetic flux. A plastic framework is lighter in weight.

Abstract: Liquid hydrogen is used to completely cool all elements of the generator including bearings, stator conductor, rotor conductor, magnetic flux shield, and excitation mechanisms. By essentially immersing the generator in liquid hydrogen, cryogenic interface problems are minimized. The conductor windings will utilize pure metals such as aluminum to minimize the weight and the ohmic heat loss in the machine. Complications of liquid helium cooling for superconducting windings and quench phenomena due to thermal instabilities in the superconductors are eliminated. The use of extremely low resistance of liquid hydrogen cooled aluminum permits heat removal in the confined space of the rotor field winding at magnetic field and current density that can exceed that of superconductors. Because iron is not required in the generator, very high voltages can be generated.

Abstract: Presented is a new type of heat engine and process cycle utilizing, through the medium of superconductivity, a singular high temperature heat reservoir as a source of motive fuel directed into a low temperature region, the net effect being to cyclically process a superconductive substance magneto-calorically in H-T space so as to convert a thermal energies input directly into an available work energies output, without any need for a pressed, externally derived temperature variation, nor low temperature reservoir, for absorption of waste heats, to accomplish same, and which process is adaptable for both the direct generation of mechanical energy or electrical energy, in either mode being called a "Keefengine". The process of such conversions of ambient heat into utilizable work being called "Thermosynthesis", and being the product of the thermodynamic cycling of an "Envelopment", consisting of any number of mutually insulated "Segments" of size "d", where .sqroot.5.lambda.(T)<d<.xi.

Abstract: An electric multiphase motor with a closed ring housing and a pole piece star which is inserted therein after being wound from the outside, the pole piece star having axially integral pole pieces which are arranged in star-like fashion around a hollow cylinder and inserted therein in which great strength of the pole star is achieved while at the same time ensuring good electrical data by inserting the radially inner ends of the pole pieces into the hollow cylinder as individual parts up to the bore of the hollow cylinder so that after the assembly of the motor no further finishing operations are required and welding the radially outer ends of the pole pieces to the inside to the surrounding ring housing by electron beam welding starting at the outer circumference of the ring housing.

Abstract: A superconducting generator with a normally conducting armature winding is provided with a rotor having a superconducting field winding and a superconducting damper winding with the damper winding on a quadrature axis in relation to the field winding and located radially interior of the field winding to result in minimal spacing of the field winding and the armature winding and still achieving a high degree of fault worthiness.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electric small-size motor comprising an armature, whose shaft 31, whose laminated core 25 and whose commutator 26 are secured relative to one another in an integral plastics part 28, which also insulates the laminated core 25 from the windings. In order to couple the armature with a driven shaft a receiver 32 with a cross-section deviating from the shape of a circle is provided in the shaft 31 from at least one end of the latter, into which receiver the other shaft 33 with a matching cross-section can engage.

Abstract: An inherently low speed, high torque, high reliability electric motor features a simple design which is inherently amenable to simple electronic control and utilizes only elements of moderate precision. An electrical circuit distributes electric current successively to a multiplicity of circularly arrayed electromagnets to provide sequentially existing magnetic fields, which progresses around the circular array of electromagnets. The sequential fields attract successive circumferentially distributed portions of a rigid cylindrical shell or drum of ferromagnetic material. Successive portions around the periphery of the shell are pulled into engagement with the circular array of electromagnets.

Abstract: An electromagnetic stepping motor has a stator with an armature having the shape of an isosceles trapezoid the base of which is interrupted by a central gap and which is provided with three pole faces. The rotor comprises a permanent magnet. The stator comprises two coils one of which is located between a pole face opposite said gap and one of the other two pole faces. The other coil is located between the pole face opposite said gap and the other of said other two pole faces. When a current passes through the coils, the rotor is subjected to magnetic fields having directions which are oblique to each other and which are symmetrical with respect to a diameter of the rotor. The sense of the coil currents determines the sense of the fields. The arrangement is such that one can create in the zone of the rotor a resultant magnetic field which can extend in any one of four different directions dependent on the sense of the currents passing through the coils.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine is provided with a frame structure consisting of at least two fabricated sheet metal pieces of identical shape and size. The sheet metal members are formed to provide cavities to accommodate an armature structure and bearings, and the opposed sheet metal pieces enclose and support the armature and bearing when fixed together. The sheet metal pieces also support preferably a ceramic magnet field by providing formed bosses and tabs for locating and holding the magnets in position. If additional low reluctance flux path is required, a tubular jacket may be placed over the sheet metal housing. The bearings are preferably spherical bearings, and the invention contemplates providing the sheet metal pieces with formed bearing retaining areas and having grooves to retain a fibrous lubricant containing material formed either in the retaining areas or the bearings or both.

Abstract: A DC electric motor, intended to be supplied with a chopped current is arranged so that the bend of the representative curve of the magnetic flux with respect to the ampere-turns has its origin j situated, approximately, in the middle of the interval of use of the motor, and the radial dimension of the air-gap is sufficiently large for the flux increase, beyond the origin of the bend, with respect to the ampere-turns, to have a slope at least equal to substantially a third of the slope of the linear part B, which precedes the bend.

Abstract: A rotor is provided for an alternating current generator carrying a superconducting field winding and having a combined damper and shield member on the rotor. The damper-shield member is a composite cylindrical member extending over the field winding and consisting of concentric inner and outer cylinders of a high-strength, non-magnetic alloy and an intermediate cylinder of aluminum or other material of high electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A rotary electrical machine includes a two pole rotor carrying a winding. The rotor is contained within a thin sleeve of non-magnetic material which supports the rotor within bearings in the machine.

Abstract: A flux pump having a closed superconducting circuit including wire of relatively high critical field and a gate defining a current-carrying path through a coil, the latter being moveable relative to a magnetic field source to cause normal conduction of current in a plurality of gate modules of a relatively low critical field in the circuit at spaced locations along the same. Thus, a flux pumping action occurs in the coil as the modules are subjected to the field of the source. The modules are separated from each other by strips of insulation material and the wire, connected to opposite ends of the gates, passes through adjacent insulation strips in a manner such that the current flow in the circuit is always in the same direction. The speed of the flux pumping action can be increased by having several groups of modules arranged in parallel with each other and excited simultaneously with a number of modules in each group being in series with each other.

Abstract: A homopolar motor-battery combination having axially magnetized elements alternating with conductive disks attached to a motor shaft. The conductive disks and an electrochemically active shroud member around the disk rims act as battery electrodes to send current through the disks. The current reacts with the axial magnetic field to produce rotation of the disks and shaft when immersed in an electrolyte.

Abstract: In a fluid-cooling rotating member, such as a dynamoelectric machine rotor with superconducting windings, the fluid exhaust is used to cool structural members connecting ambient and cool zones in order to minimize heat flow to the cold elements. The coolant in the exhaust structure is confined to a path along the axis of rotation. This avoids radial coolant flow paths and radially displaced coolant flow paths in order to eliminate convection currents. The axially located coolant conduit is surrounded by and spaced from a supporting sleeve with a plurality of thermally conductive members extending between the coolant conduit and the supporting sleeve through an evacuated volume at axially spaced intervals.

Abstract: A superconducting machine having a wound damper-shield winding disposed in the cold region of the machine and having electrical leads to a warm region. Electric current control means at the warm region is connected to the leads and acts to pass current in a predetermined pattern as a function of voltages that appear across the leads as a consequence of transients in the machine.

Abstract: A spacing element is disposed between adjacent conductor layers of a coil to permit passage of a cooling fluid therethrough. The spacing element comprises rib portions which engage and space apart confronting surfaces of conductor turns of next adjacent layers and non-contacting portions which in combination with the confronting surfaces of the conductors define a plurality of channels to permit passage of the cooling fluid through the coil. Each channel has an inlet port to receive the cooling fluid and an outlet port to discharge the cooling fluid after it has passed through the coil.

Abstract: A superconducting machine wherein the field winding and associated elements in the cold region of the machine are protected against transients by a flexible, electrically conductive outer shield means that interacts with an inner conductive shell in a way that causes the magnetic field to be compressed between the shield and the shell, thereby to transmit mechanical radial forces between the two.

Abstract: Magnetic support structure for a rotatable machinery part is described which comprises a stationary support structure, an annular stator comprising an array of a plurality of electromagnets or one or more electrically conductive or superconductive elements supported by the support structure about an axis, rim structure attached to the periphery of the rotatable part for rotation therewith about the axis radially inwardly of and proximate to the electromagnets, the rim structure including electrically conductive non-ferromagnetic material for magnetic interaction with the stator, and a source of power for selectively energizing the stator.