Abstract: An ultrasonic motor including a driving member and a driven member, the driving member comprising a plate- or rod-like elastic member, a flexural vibrator fixed to the elastic member and causing the elastic member to induce a standing wave type flexural vibration upon application of an AC voltage thereto, and a longitudinal vibrator provided on a node line of the flexural vibration at the surface of the elastic member, the longitudinal vibrator being pivoted about the node line by the flexural vibrator and adapted to expand and contract in an amplitude direction of the flexural vibration upon application of an AC voltage thereto, the driven member being brought into pressure contact with an end face of the longitudinal vibrator. The longitudinal vibrator is expanded or contracted in synchronism with the flexural vibration, whereby the driving member and the driven member are moved relatively to each other.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor comprises a stator which generates a combined ultrasonic elliptic vibration which is a combined vibration of longitudinal and torsional vibrations, and a rotor which is in press-contact with the stator and driven by the ultrasonic elliptic vibration via a friction force between the rotor and the stator. The stator comprises a first piezoelectric element for generating the longitudinal vibration, a second piezoelectric element for generating the reacting vibration, a headmass having a large stiffness against said longitudinal vibration and a large inertial mass against the torsional vibration, and a rearmass. In the ultrasonic motor, the resonance frequencies of the longitudinal and torsional vibrations are equal, so that the ultrasonic elliptic vibration is generated efficiently on the rotor in a high power state which is adapted in practical use.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines is disclosed, in which a transducer is vibrated by an electrostrictive device, and the fuel is atomized by a vibration surface at the part of the transducer where the amplitude thereof is maximum. The transducer has a path for transporting the fuel to the vibration surface. The fuel transport path may have midway thereof a valve member with a valve seat adapted to rise for opening the transport path when a predetermined vibration is exerted on the transducer.

Abstract: A unitary extended width comb horn for generating ultrasonic vibrations over a width of greater than 12 inches for a frequency of 20 kHz wherein such vibrations vary by less than .+-.10% across the width of the horn. Also, processes utilizing this horn and related devices incorporating same.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic motor which uses, as a stator, a longitudinal-torsional composite vibrator in which longitudinal and torsional piezoelectric elements are sandwiched between two blocks, and urges a rotor against the stator, a member is arranged on a piezoelectric element side of the block located near the rotor, so that an inertial mass of the member becomes larger with respect to torsional vibration than that of a rotor side.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines is disclosed, in which transducer is vibrated by an electrostrictive device, and the fuel is atomized by a vibration surface at the part of the transducer where the amplitude thereof is maximum. The transducer has a path or transporting the fuel to the vibration surface. The fuel transport path may have midway thereof a valve member with a valve seat adapted to rise for opening the transport path when a predetermined vibration is exerted on the transducer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic device includes a flexible belt-type charge retentive member, bearing a developed latent image and brings a sheet of paper or other transfer member into intimate contact with the charge retentive surface at a transfer station for electrostatic transfer of toner from the charge retentive surface to the sheet. At the transfer station, a resonator suitable for generating vibratory energy is arranged in line contact with the back side of the charge retentive, to uniformly apply vibratory energy to the charge retentive member surface at a position opposite the transfer coronode or peak transfer field, or slightly upstream therefrom. Toner is released from the electrostatic and mechanical forces adjering it to the charge retentive surface at the line contact position.

Abstract: An electrophotographic device of the type including a flexible belt charge retentive member, driven along an endless path through a series of processing stations that create a latent image on the charge retentive surface, develop the image with toner, and bring a sheet of paper or other transfer member into intimate contact with the charge retentive surface at a transfer station for electrostatic transfer of toner from the charge retentive surface to the sheet. For the enhancement of toner release from a surface at any of the processing stations, a resonator suitable for generating vibratory energy is arranged in line contact with the back side of the charge retentive surface, to uniformly apply vibratory energy to the charge retentive member. The resonator includes a horn, a continuous support member, and a continuous vibration producing member that drives the horn at a resonant frequency to apply vibratoy energy to the belt.

Abstract: For the enhancement of toner release from an imaging surface on a flexible belt member in an electrophotographic device a resonator suitable for generating vibratory energy is arranged in line contact with the back side of the belt member, to uniformly apply vibratory energy to the member. The resonator includes a horn divided into a linear array of segments, and an array of vibration producing elements, each coupled to at least one horn segment, and driven with a voltage to produce a high frequency vibratory response. To avoid the problem of variations in response that occurs due to varying resonant frequencies of each horn element, the vibration producing elements are driven across a range of frequencies that includes each resonant frequency required, over a relatively short period of time.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a stepping motor comprising a laminate type torsion actuator having a pair of cylindrical outer peripheries to be torsionally displaced relative to each other, a cylindrical fixed member surrounding said laminate type torsion actuator with certain space therebetween, first longitudinally vibrating elements placed between said fixed member and one of the cylindrical outer peripheries of said laminate type torsion actuator for selectively connecting or separating the fixed member and the torsion actuator through its elongation or contraction, second longitudinally vibrating elements placed between said fixed member and the other cylindrical peripheries of said torsion actuator with certain space therebetween for selectively connecting or separating the fixed member and the torsion actuator through its elongation or contraction with a phase inverse to that of the first elements.

Abstract: A direction selective transducer which includes a center mass fixed between two active transducer element stacks and two head masses. The center mass couples the two stacks and allows the ratio of radiation produced by each head mass to be selected as desired by varying the amplitude and phase of drive voltages applied to the stacks. The transducer can also be used as a directional receiver.

Abstract: An axial flow tube ultrasonic atomizer in which the front horn section and axial flow section are of unitary construction. The device further comprises five sealing rings and two grooves cut into the unitary flow tube structure for receipt of the sealing rings. This structure results in better sealing and facilitates assembly.

Abstract: A stator includes piezoelectric vibrators of piezoelectric ceramic put between a long metal block and a short metal block, which are fixed with screw threads at opposite ends of a bolt. When a high frequency alternating current voltage is applied to the piezoelectric vibrators, elliptic compounded vibration, progressive vibration and so on, which is torsional vibration due to the screw threads of the bolt compounded with longitudinal vibration due to the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric vibrators, is generated on the end surface and the side surface of the stator. A driven member is engaged on the end surface or the side surface of the stator and is driven by the elliptic vibration.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor has a longitudinal-torsional composite transducer, a stator constituted by an ultrasonic vibrator sandwiching the transducer, and a rotor urged against the stator. The stator excites longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibrations to rotate the rotor by a frictional force. The motor includes a vibration adjusting rod for matching resonance frequencies of longitudinal and torsional ultrasonic vibrations of the stator with each other.

Abstract: A horn is described for transmitting sound from a transducer to a heated chamber containing an object which is levitated by acoustic energy while it is heated to a molten state, which minimizes heat transfer to thereby minimize heating of the transducer, minimize temperature variation in the chamber, and minimize loss of heat from the chamber. The forward portion of the horn, which is the portion closest to the chamber, has holes that reduce its cross-sectional area to minimize the conduction of heat along the length of the horn, with the entire front portion of the horn being rigid and having an even front face to efficiently transfer high frequency acoustic energy to fluid in the chamber. In one arrangement, the horn has numerous rows of holes extending perpendicular to the length of horn, with alternate rows extending perpendicular to one another to form a sinuous path for the conduction of heat along the length of the horn.

Abstract: An ultrasonic MHz oscillator, in particular for liquid atomization, where at the upper, widening end of the upwardly decreasingly tapering amplitude transformer fastened on a planar piezoceramic disk, a continuously concave surface adapted to the liquid quantity and liquid surface tension is disposed comprising a concave mirror. The mirror cavity is adapted to receive the liquid to be atomized. With the oscillator, smallest droplets can be produced without coupling liquid, so that the oscillators find use above all in pocket inhalators.

Abstract: A rotary member rotatably supports a plurality of balls, disks or rolls which are pressed on a stator by a pressure member. When the stator generates progressive wave, the balls, disks or rolls are rolled on the stator and the pressure member by the progressive waves. Since the balls, disks or rolls are rolled on the stator and the pressure member, the wear of the stator, the pressure member and the balls, disks or rolls is decreased. Lubricative oil may be applied to the circumference of the balls, disks or rolls of the rotary member.

Abstract: A stator is composed by two metal blocks, a piezoelectric vibrator and vibrators, and two electrodes, in which one electrode is divided in two at least, the metal blocks, the piezoelectric vibrator or vibrators and two electrodes are fixed by means of a bolt or means of adhesive thing, and a member to be driven composed on the nut or the end or side portion of the stator.

Abstract: An ultrasonic driven type motor in which an ultrasonic torsional vibrator is activated to generate a forward turning torque for driving a rotor synchronously with the expansion of at least one piezoelectric actuator provided between the vibrator and the rotor, and to generate a return turning torque synchronously with the constriction of the piezoelectric actuator, and the piezoelectric actuator has a coupling control characteristic so that only the forward turning torque is selectively transmitted to the rotor.

Abstract: A nebulizer which pumps up water and mists the pumped up water comprises an elongated main body with a center hole for water passage, and piezoelectric vibration elements together with electrodes for energizing the same mounted on the main body. The vibration elements are water-proofed, and the nebulizer itself is supported by using a flange on a water-proof member and the flange is on a plane on which a center electrode is positioned. Upon vibration of the elements, water is pumped up through the inlet of the main body, and is dissipated into the air through the outlet of the main body. Preferably, the inlet and the outlet are removable from the main body, and the inlet is coated with a thin hard film. Preferably, the outlet is covered with a mesh, or at least an opening of the outlet is covered for preventing the release of water that has not been convereted to mist.

Abstract: An ultrasonic cleaning device comprises an ultrasonic pump having a hollow cover forming a spouting port in a narrow portion thereof, an ultrasonic vibrator in a wide portion thereof and a liquid supply port in a side portion thereof. An oscillator is connected to the ultrasonic vibrator. One part of the ultrasonic wave from the vibrator is passed through the spouting portion straight and the other part of the ultrasonic wave is reflected on the inside of the cover and is passed through the spouting port. An object or objects are opposed to the spouting port of the cover.

Abstract: An ultrasonic vibrator comprises torsional electrostrictive transducers for torsional vibration, longitudinal electrostrictive transducers for longitudinal vibration, and two metallic members firmly, coaxially and integrally holding the torsional electrostrictive transducers and the longitudinal electrostrictive transducers therebetween. An altered section is formed in one of the metallic members in such a shape that makes the torsional resonant frequency and the longitudinal resonant frequency coincide with each other. A voltage or an electric current having a controlled amplitude and/or a controlled relative phase is applied to the electrostrictive transducers to generate composite vibrations of various modes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic atomizer for liquids comprises a piezoelectric transducer (16) mechanically coupled to an amplitude transformer (20), an atomizing disk (21) mounted to the free end of the amplitude transformer (20), a housing (22) enclosing at least the amplitude transformer (20) and a cap (30) supporting a sieve-like diaphragm (31). The cap (30) is so mounted to the housing (22) that the diaphragm (31) rests on the atomizing disk (21). The cap (30) consists of two mutually concentric cap parts (32, 33) of which one (32) supports the diaphragm (31) and the second (33) serves to mount the entire cap (30) on the housing (22). A spring (36) is so mounted between the two cap parts (32, 33) that the sieve-like diaphragm (31) is held elastically against the atomizing disk (21) and that the opposing force from the spring (36) thereby is transmitted into the second cap part (33) fixed in the housing.

Abstract: A front mass and a rear mass are respectively provided at both ends of a piezoelectric vibrator. The piezoelectric vibrator, front mass and rear mass are firmly cramped and are contained in a cylindrical resonator. Either the rear mass or the front mass and the cylindrical resonator are connected by a coupler.

Abstract: A piezoelelectric transducer usable preferably as a high-frequency ultrasonic probe for diagnostic inspection and the process for preparation thereof are disclosed.The piezoelectric transducer comprises a piezoelectric material layer, a pair of electrode layers formed respectively on the opposite surfaces of said piezoelectric material layer and for applying electric load across the piezoelectric material layer to thereby generate acoustic oscillation or for measuring electric energy generated due to the acoustic oscillation of the piezoelectric material layer, and an acoustic matching section containing at least one quarter-wave matching layer and formed on one of the electrode layers. The acoustic matching section includes an elelctric conductive layer therein.The acoustic matching section is formed by electro deposition, preferably by the electro painting method or electrophoretic method.The ultrasonic probe can be prepared of a frequency band higher than 7.

Abstract: A sound transducer having a high impedance relative to air is coupled with mechanical transformers. The output transformer is in the shape of a dish having the center coupled to a piezoelectric transducer, the outer portion of the dish is unsupported and more flexible than the center section at resonance this allows large amplitude movement and a better impedance match to air.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer is comprised of a stack or sandwich of electrostrictive elements, an energy reflecting mass at one end of the column or stack of electrostrictive elements and a pair of laminar plates sandwiching a honeycomb core to constitute an extremely rigid, light mass member contacting a fluid medium in which ultrasonic energy is to be introduced. The output member is characterized by having a high shear modulus and a low density at the opposite end for efficiently coupling the ultrasonic energy into the fluid medium, particularly air and has a narrow beam and a very long range.

Abstract: An arrangement for the retention of an ultrasonic atomizer has the advantage of little influence on the vibration system due to the fuel supply connections and reduced bearing surface of the ultrasonic atomizer. The construction permits quick installation through since the retention is effected with a clamp. The fuel supply occurs via a bore opening into an annular channel in the structural part in which the ultrasonic atomizer is mounted. The atomizer is retained by a small bearing surface. A radial bore in a lug of the ultrasonic atomizer is a component part of the horn of the atomizer.

Abstract: A flextensional sonar transducer may comprise an elliptical shell which, during manufacture of the transducer, has been distorted to permit insertion of stacks of piezo-electric ceramic plates and then released to grip the stacks and maintain them in compression, even when at design depth. The distortion requires substantial loading and may damage the shell. Herein, the undistorted shell is fitted with the ceramic plate stacks and an adjustable wedge device which is settable to provide the required pre-load. The wedge device may be coupled to an actuator, pressure sensor combination which automatically maintains a desired pre-load for different depths.

Abstract: An adjustable damping force type shock absorber having a function to detect a damping force generated thereon and a function to adjust the damping force thereof.

Abstract: The present invention comprises one or a plurality of electrostrictive elements, each of which is structured of an electrostrictive element body polarized in the direction of its thickness with two divisions of electrodes disposed on one face thereof and a common electrode disposed on the other face thereof, and metallic members placed on both sides of the electrostrictive element, or elements, and integrally fastened together by means of a fastening member. And these electrodes are supplied with A.C.

Abstract: An ultrasound generator for acoustic irradiation of pathological changes of a human body comprises a planarly fashioned piezo-electric transducer which is acoustically coupled to an acoustical lens on one surface by a soft metal layer and is acoustically coupled on the opposite surface by a second soft metal layer to a dampening member. The soft metal layers act as both acoustically coupling layers and as electrodes for the piezo-electric transducer. The piezo-electric transducer can be formed of either a plurality of layers which are spaced apart by soft metal layers acting as electrodes, a single piezo-electric plate, or a plurality of plates arranged side by side in the same plane.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic vibrator provided such that its electrostrictive element is constituted of an electrostrictive element body polarized in the direction of its thickness, pairs of electrodes each thereof being peripherally divided into two segments formed on one face thereof, and a common electrode formed on the other face thereof, and metallic members shaped in such a form that will make the flexural resonant frequency and the axial resonant frequency equal are integrally fastened by means of a fastener onto both faces of one sheet or a plurality of sheets of the electrostrictive elements, the present invention is characterized in that a flexural driving output of inverted phase is applied to the respective electrodes forming the pairs in the electrostrictive member and a common axial driving output is applied to the respective electrodes in a superimposed manner, so that the vibrations in the axial direction and the flexural direction are individually controlled as if there are individually present an axiall

Abstract: In an ultrasonic vibrator, a plurality of electrode pairs, each including electrodes halved on one surface, are arranged in the circumferential direction so as to constitute an electrostrictive element. The electrostrictive element is held and tightened by a vibrator and a metal member. The vibrator is provided with foot portions divided in a number of divisions coincident with the number of the electrode. The halved electrodes of the electrode pairs are connected while parallel in matching with the circumferential position, and AC voltages controlled in relative phase or relative amplitude are applied to respective electrodes. Various vibrations are generated in the vibrator, and the elliptic rate can be controlled during control of the vibration direction or generation of elliptic vibration.

Abstract: A rotary ultrasonic motor equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator including an electrostrictive element which is polarized in the direction of its thickness and has a plurality of electrode pairs arrayed uniformly in the circumferential direction. The electrostrictive element is held and clamped between two metallic members, and grooves are formed in at least one metallic member along division lines corresponding in number to the electrode pairs of the electrostrictive element, thereby constituting the ultrasonic vibrator. And a rotor having an output shaft at the center of rotation thereof is kept in pressed contact with the output end of the ultrasonic vibrator. In this motor, the rotor is driven by composite vibration, and an improved function is achievable to prevent mutual interference that may otherwise be caused by a circumferential stress at the axial vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator.

Abstract: An ultrasonic device comprises at least one transducer and a probe having a first active part adapted to be immersed in a medium, an adapter part for matching the impedance of the probe to the medium and an end surface on the adapter part adapted to emit ultrasonic waves longitudinally into the medium. The first active part lies between the end surface on the adapter part, at which is located a peak of the longitudinal ultrasonic waves, and a limiting part at which is located a node of the longitudinal ultrasonic waves. It comprises a second active part adapted to emit ultrasonic waves radially into the medium and at which is located one or more peaks of the radial ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for perforating materials with a metal needle whereby the method involves the utilization of an ultrasonic vibration signal being applied to the metal needle in order to vibrate the needle in an axial direction to thereby penetrate a plurality of layered materials due to the axial vibration of the metal needle.

Abstract: An acoustic piezoelectric power transducer of sandwich shape with supply conductors pressed into grooves in the electrically conductive metal inserts and/or the piezoelectric plates.

Abstract: The invention concerns resonators of rectangular or blade like configuration providing substantially uniform motional output along the output surface. The improvement is achieved by disposing the change in cross-sectional area for producing increased motional amplitude at the output surface in relation to the nodal region of the resonator in such a manner as to cause the lateral portions of the resonator to exhibit a greater motional amplitude gain than that of the central portion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a polymeric piezoelectric ultrasonic probe using a polymeric piezoelectric member which comprises a polymeric piezoelectric member; a common electrode formed on one surface of the polymeric piezoelectric member; and electrodes for driving provided as opposed to the common electrode with the polymeric piezoelectric member being interposed therebetween, the electrodes for driving being formed on a polymeric thin film.The polymeric piezoelectric ultrasonic probe of the present invention has advantages that not only breaking or short circuit of electrodes shaped in rectangular strips can be prevented, but also it becomes possible to connect lead wires with good reliability. Besides, not only cumbersomeness is registration of electrodes shaped in rectangular strips during lamination of polymeric piezoelectric members can be cancelled, but also acoustic-electrical coupling or cross-talk can be reduced.

Abstract: A stimulation arrangement for a fluid jet printer. A pair of piezoelectric crystals are mounted on opposing surfaces of a high acoustic Q solid member and are excited for periodic lengthening at the frequency of desired stimulation. This creates shear waves in the surface of the high Q member. The high Q member is configured in such a fashion that it transforms the shear waves into stationary compression waves which drive an orifice plate and thereby stimulate fluid filaments being generated by the jet printer. The high Q member may be a rod-like stimulator supported for localized contact against a filament forming orifice plate or it may comprise support structure for the orifice plate.

Abstract: Sheet-like piezoelectric element in which a plurality of slits are formed between the comb-shaped electrodes alternately projected in a zigzag shape from a pair of terminals arranged oppositely, a piezoelectric layer of composite piezoelectric material is filled into the slits, a DC voltage is applied between the terminals to polarize the adjacent layers in reverse directions to each other, and the electrodes have a thickness corresponding to that of the piezoelectric layer. The element may be used for an electro-mechanical transducer or a thermal-electric transducer.

Abstract: A broadband longitudinal vibrator transducer having a laminar head mass section including at least three layers coupled to electromechanical transducer elements. The head section includes a forward head mass, a compliant member abutting the forward head mass and a rear head mass abutting both the compliant member and the transducer elements. The compliant member allows the head mass section to mechanically resonate in at least two frequencies expanding the bandwidth of the transducer. The compliant member can be an active transducer element.

Abstract: An apparatus equipped with annular electrostriction elements each having four divided segmental electrodes with the respective polarities reversed alternately in the direction of thickness thereof. The annular electrostriction elements are so disposed that the center lines of division are positionally coincident with diagonal lines of a square plate resonator while passing through the surface center point thereof, whereby the corner portions of the resonator can be vibrated effectively at an ultrasonic frequency.

Abstract: This invention is an apparatus for detecting the vibration of a Langevin type electrostrictive ultrasonic vibrator comprising a system made up of an iron core, a coil and a magnet surrounding but not connected to a magnetic projection attached to the rear end of the vibrator. The vibration of the magnetic projection is detected by the system surrounding it and the resulting induced voltage is fed back to a control to maintain the vibration at the desired resonant frequency.

Abstract: A transducer, wave guide and attachment means are provided as a screw member adapted to fit in a threaded opening in a transducer and having a tool engaging head at one end, an axial passage therethrough, a recess around the axial passage at the end opposite the tool engaging head, a wave guide slip fitted in the passage with a solidified bonding mass such as braze alloy or solder around the end of the wave guide in the recess.

Abstract: A fluid jet system for producing at least one jet drop stream includes a print head having a fluid receiving reservoir and an orifice plate provided with orifices communicating with the reservoir in such a manner that fluid supplied to the reservoir under pressure emerges from the orifices as fluid filaments. A transducer responsive to a drive signal applies vibrational energy to the orifice plate for stimulating breakup of the fluid fliaments into streams of drops of substantially uniform size and spacing. A drive circuit applies a substantially sinusoidal drive signal to the transducer for stimulating such breakup. Cleaning of the print head is accomplished by applying to the transducer a pulse train including harmonics of the sinusoidal stimulation drive signal.

Abstract: A method of making a transducer which has a head mass, a tail mass and a plurality of piezoelectric rings arranged in a stack with alternate electrodes, which are to be glued to the piezoelectric rings. The electrodes are of the type which have a surface on either side defining passageways when abutting an adjacent component. The components are assembled without the use of adhesive and then placed into a vacuum chamber where the pressure is reduced. The pressure is then brought back to normal atmospheric pressure in the presence of an adhesive surrounding the stack, with the adhesive being drawn into the passageways and toward the interior of the stack as a result of the pressure differential created. The adhesive joins the components together and also coats the outside of the stack so that after curing it functions as an anti-arcing coating.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer consisting of three piezoelectric element couples sandwiched between four metal terminals. Each piezoelectric couple has two piezoelectric elements separated by an electrode. The piezoelectric couples and the metal terminals are secured together by a bolt. The transducer exhibits various combinations of resonant frequencies in its impedance-frequency characteristic as determined between various combinations of the electrodes and terminals.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ultrasonic processing device which comprises one or more sets each including a wide horn which resonantly vibrates in a 1/2 wave length in a longitudinal direction and in a 1/2.times.n wave length in a widthwise direction thereof, and an ultrasonic vibrator which is joined either to an intermediate point of the wide horn at which amplitude of vibrations is maximum in the distribution thereof along the widthwise direction or to a point at a widthwise end of the wide horn at which amplitude of vibrations is maximum in the distribution thereof along the widthwise direction. Thus, at an end of the wide horn, maximum and minimum values may alternately appear by every 1/4 wave length distance over the entire width thereof and hence vibrations of the wide horn can be considered generally uniform over the entire width thereof.