Abstract: A motor based on the wobble motor provides pure rotary motion and can be used as a spindle motor for very small disk drives. The primary components of the motor are fabricated using thin film processes. The rotor has inner and outer rings that are interconnected by flexible members, such as semicircularly-shaped spring elements, with the rings and flexible members being formed of the same material. The rotor resides within the wobble motor stator elements that are circumferentially spaced on a substrate. The inner rotor ring is supported by a bearing structure that may be a ball bearing assembly or a pin bearing comprising a post and a restraining cap. The outer rotor ring functions as the wobble motor rotor and rolls around the inside of the stator as the stator elements are sequentially electrostatically activated. The flexible members act as a transmission to convert the wobble motion of the outer rotor ring to pure rotary motion of the inner rotor ring.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical compound stage microactuator assembly capable of motion along x, y, and z axes for positioning and scanning integrated electromechanical sensors and actuators is fabricated from submicron suspended single crystal silicon beams. The microactuator incorporates an interconnect system for mechanically supporting a central stage and for providing electrical connections to componants of the microactuator and to devices carried thereby. The microactuator is fabricated using a modified single crystal reactive etching and metallization process which incorporates an isolation process utilizing thermal oxidation of selected regions of the device to provide insulating segments which define conductive paths from external circuitry to the actuator components and to microelectronic devices such as gated field emitters carried by the actuator.

Abstract: A small brush-use DC motor includes a stator member including a first stator case in which a magnet is disposed; a rotor member including a rotor core on which a coil is wound, a magnetic center of the rotor core being staggered with respect to the magnetic center of the magnet; a commutator unit having a commutator on a conical portion thereof, the commutator rotating together with the rotor member; and brushes held by a second stator case in such a manner that the brushes are brought into contact with the commutator under a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A miniature D.C. motor has a casing in which magnets are disposed and a rotor is disposed inside the magnets. The rotating condition is detected by a rotation detector which comprises an inductor and a capacitor. The inductor detects leaking fluxes externally from the casing among fluxes created by mutual operations of the magnets and an armature and converts a change of the leaking fluxes into electric signals. The capacitor is electrically connected to the inductor so as to constitute a resonance circuit. The resonance circuit is mounted on an outer surface of the casing. A resonance frequency of the resonance circuit is made so as to correspond to a frequency to be generated for a rotating time of the armature.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a micro electro-static motor which is provided with a curved bearing structure for rotatably supporting the rotor of the micro electro-static motor in a line contact manner in order to reduce the frictional torque of the micromotor. The micro electro-static motor is also provided with four on-chip rotational speed detection devices to facilitate its rotational speed measurement and the closed-loop control of the rotational speed. The on-chip rotational speed detection devices are accomplished by forming four P-N junctions in a silicon substrate. The curved bearing structure can be accomplished by etching of a phosphosilicate glass/silicon oxide composite sacrificial layer to form a curved bearing opening due to the large difference of etch rates between the phosphosilicate glass and the silicon oxide in buffered HF and by forming a curved bearing in the curved bearing opening.

Abstract: A small motor having a two-pole permanent-magnet rotor and a U-shaped laminated stator having a pair of limbs with end portions that form magnetic poles for the rotor. The limbs carry alternately energized exciter coils including three nested winding layers arranged in two winding groups, of which the outer winding layer and the inner winding layer of the first limb and the second limb, respectively, and the central winding layer of the second limb and the first limb, respectively, are connected in series with one another.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case made of a metallic material, formed into a bottomed hollow tubular shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor having an armature facing the permanent magnet and a commutator, and a case cap fitted to an open end of the case, and having brushes for making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by bearings provided on the bottom of the case and the case cap, in which an internal space defined by the case and the case cap is filled with an atmosphere of a polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 50-5000.

Abstract: A micro electro mechanical device has at least two layers of substrates. In a first layer, a micro-actuator is formed, and in a second layer facing to the first layer, a passive movable unit is formed. Rotation of the rotor unit of the micro-actuator is coupled to the movable unit on the second layer by suitable engaging means.

Abstract: A micromotor comprises a cylindrical rotor casing having a central through-hole, and a rotor having a cylindrical, magnetic rotor block fixed on a rotor shaft and inserted in the central through-hole of the rotor casing. First and second bearings support the rotor shaft for rotation and are fitted, respectively, in opposite ends of the central through-hole of the rotor casing and define a sealed rotor chamber therebetween. Stator coils are attached to the outer rotor circumference of the rotor casing, and a stator casing is joined to the rotor casing coaxially with the rotor so as to cover that stator coils. A magnetic fluid is filled in the sealed rotor chamber between the first and second bearings between which is disposed the magnetic rotor block. A series of Peltier elements are attached to the outer circumference of the stator casing and electrically connected to a power supply to absorb heat generated by the operation of the components of the micromotor.

Abstract: A single-phase ECM in a radial flux configuration has parking magnets situated on both ends of its rotor and parking lamination extensions situated on its stator, such that the parking magnets and parking lamination extensions interact to provide sufficient starting torque from rest at predetermined parking positions. As a result, the parking and torque production functions in the ECM are separated; and the ECM has good starting capability while operating at relatively high torque production and efficiency with minimal torque pulsations and noise.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a case formed into a bottomed hollow tubular shape having a permanent magnet, an end cap fitted to an open end of the case, and a rotor having an armature iron core and a commutator. A sleeve made of a resin material and formed into a hollow cylindrical shape is fitted coaxially with the core constituting the armature iron core and the commutator, with a gap provided on at least one end face of the sleeve; a plurality of grooves facing at least an end face of the sleeve are provided on the iron core and the commutator at certain spacings in the circumferential direction; a projection for press-fitting to any one of the grooves is provided each on both end faces of the sleeve integrally with the sleeve; and a groove extending along the axial line of the sleeve is provided in the middle part of these projections.

Abstract: An electric motor comprises a substrate, a bearing holder rigidly fitted to the substrate, a shaft held by a bearing in the bearing holder and a rotor rigidly fitted to the shaft and arranged vis-a-vis a side of the substrate to rotate around the shaft. It also comprises a stationary member fitted to the bearing holder for holding components other than the motor included in an apparatus. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous for a video tape recorder as it allows a simple and common standard to be implemented for mounting a tape feeding system, a signal retrieving system and other systems of the video tape recorder so that those components may be mounted with improved accuracy. Moreover, with such an arrangement, the number of components of a video tape recorder may be reduced to enhance manufacturing productivity and lower manufacturing cost.

Abstract: An electrostatic actuator according to the present invention includes a first member having a plurality of striped electrodes insulated from one another and arranged in a prescribed direction with a prescribed spacing between them, a second member having a plurality of striped electrodes insulated from one another and arranged in a prescribed direction with a prescribed spacing between them, and continuous-waveform polyphase AC power supplies applied to the electrodes of the first member and the electrodes of the second member, one or both of the first member and second member being moved by an electrostatic coulomb force between the first member and the second member.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case made of a metallic material, formed into a bottom hollow tubular shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor consisting of an armature facing the permanent magnet and a commutator, and a case cover engaged with an open end of the case and comprising brushes making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by bearings provided on the bottom of the case and the case cover, and a printed circuit board having a control element and a soundproofing plate made of a soundproofing material being provided outside the case cover, in which the soundproofing plate is formed into a cross shape when projected on a plane orthogonally intersecting the axial line of the rotor.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a case formed into a bottomed hollow tubular shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor formed of an armature and a commutator, and a case cover engaged with an open end of the case and having brushes making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes, in which each of brush arms is formed into an essentially U shape, with one free end thereof having a brush, and the other free end thereof being fitted to the case cover in the vicinity of internal terminals. Each of the internal terminals has an essentially V-shaped connecting part for making contact with the brush arm and is fitted to the case cover in elastically deformed state.

Abstract: A process in which micromechanical bushings can be made and the application of such process to making micromechanical devices. Bushings are made on a surface of a stationary structure extending from a planar surface. The bushings are separated from the stationary structure by a sacrificial layer. The stationary structure, the bushing and the planar surface are then further processed by coating with a second sacrificial layer, and a structural layer. The structural layer is patterned into a movable structure that is held onto the stationary structure by a curved, undercut edge such as gear on stool. Final processing includes removing both sacrificial layers to free the movable structure, the bushing, and the stationary structure from each other. The bushing is trapped between the movable structure and the stationary structure but able to move freely.

Abstract: Disclosed is a small-sized electric motor equipped with an improved electric connector, which prevents high forces being exerted on exposed conductors of an insulated wire in the course of insertion or withdrawal of the exposed conductors from the connector housing, thereby preventing the rubbing between the exposed conductors and the terminal contacts of the electric connector.The electric connector includes an actuator. The actuator, when fully inserted in said connector housing, is adapted to push the exposed conductors against the contacts of the contact beams of the terminals, thereby causing the contact beams of the terminals to be forced into the exposed conductors.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a rotor having a plurality of magnetic poles extending axially, which is disposed radially on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, and a stator having two coils wound on coil bobbins, which are disposed axially in a housing formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape; an end plate being fitted to an open end of the housing, in which the housing is made of a ferromagnetic material, the magnetic poles are provided on a housing-side end face of the rotor so that an axial magnetic attraction force is exerted between the rotor end face and the housing.

Abstract: A planar micro-motor and method of fabricating it are disclosed. The planar micro-motor comprises a stator supported by the substrate and preferably comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced micro-coils lying in a first plane. The micro-motor also has rotor comprising a plurality of magnetic regions circumferentially spaced about a shaft for rotation in a second plane parallel to, and spaced from, the first plane. Actuating elements selectively energize subsets of the micro-coils to generate electromagnetic fields acting on the magnetic regions of the rotor across the planar gap sandwiched between the micro-coils and the rotor. The amount and direction of rotation of the rotor can be controlled. The planar micro-motor can be employed as a stepper motor. It can be fabricated using microfabrication techniques.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a motor case formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape having a cross-sectional shape having two long sides consisting of two parallel lines (planar portions) and two short sides. An end bracket is fitted to an open end of the motor case. Permanent magnets are fixedly fitted to the cylindrical inside surface of the motor case. The inside surfaces of the permanent magnets, when assembled, form part of a cylindrical surface. An armature is rotatably supported in the motor case via bearings provided on the motor case and the end bracket. Recesses are provided on the inside of the parallel planar portions of the motor case and positioned in such a manner that a gap g.sub.1 between the inside surfaces of the recesses and the armature is related to a gap g.sub.2 between the inside surfaces of the permanent magnets and the armature by a relationship that g.sub.1 g.sub.2. A method is further proposed of making the motor in which the recesses are formed by ironing.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electromagnetic motor of the type including a stator (4), a rotor (6) mounted for rotation relative to the stator, and a cage (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e) fixedly engaged relative to the stator, such cage including a bottom (18), a cover (22) and a body (20), the rotor being mounted for rotation in the interior of the cage, such motor being characterized in that the cage (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e) is formed from a synthetic material, while mechanical anchoring and positioning means are provided between the wall (P) of the cage body (20) and the stator (4) which leave the wall (P) free. This motor is intended for fitting out a timepiece in particular.

Abstract: A bobbin or spool is molded of thermoplastic with one end flange of substantially greater diameter with a plurality of arcuately spaced voids through the flange. A coil is wound on the bobbin and a first ferromagnetic cup with integrally formed spaced finger-like plural pole segments in a circumferential array is axially received over the smaller spool flange and coil with the pole segments extending through the voids in the larger spool flange. A second ferromagnetic stator cup with finger-like spaced plural pole segments in a circumferential array is nested against the larger spool flange with the pole segments interdigitated with the pole segments on the first cup. A third stator member interconnects the first and second stator cups through the spool; and, a permanent magnet rotor is journalled on the third pole segment within the stator pole segments. The larger spool flange has electrical connectors received in slots and attached to the ends of the coil.

Abstract: A process for fabricating mechanically interconnected, released, electrically isolated metal microstructures, and circuit components and actuators produced by the process. A dielectric stack on a substrate is patterned and etched to produce trenches in which a metal such as tungsten is deposited. The dielectric is removed from selected regions of the metal to expose metal beams, and to form mechanically interconnecting, electrically insulating hinges supporting the beams. The beams and hinges are then released for relative motion. Electrical potentials may be established between adjacent beams to produce controlled motion.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case formed into a bottomed hollow tubular shape and having permanent magnets fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor consisting of an armature and a commutator, and a case cover engaged with an open end of the case and having brushes making sliding contact with the commutator, and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes, in which fixing ribs are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the case, extending along the axial direction of the case; the edges of the permanent magnets formed into an arc-segment cross-sectional shape being caused to make contact with the side edges of the fixing ribs to fixedly fit the permanent magnets to the inner circumferential surface of the case; projections formed integrally with the permanent magnets along the edges of the permanent magnets are provided facing the surface of the fixing ribs.

Abstract: In a stationary coil type direct current motor, the motor comprises a case supported by a shaft, and the case is made of magnetic material being high saturation magnetic flux density and high magnetic permeability, whereby magnetic saturation and iron loss can be reduced. The motor is further provided with a plurality of coils mounted on the inner circumference of the case, and the shaft on which a magnet is secured. The magnet is arranged so as to be spaced a predetermined gap from the coils. Furthermore, the case may be a less iron loss material constructed of two layers. A plurality of coils ace mounted on the inner circumference of the case, and the magnet secured to the shaft is spaced a predetermined gap from the coils.

Abstract: A miniature motor is provided with a rotor having a plurality of magnetic poles extending axially, which are disposed radially on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and a stator having two coils wound on coil bobbins and disposed axially in a housing formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape. An end plate is fitted to an open end of the housing, in which a current feeding connector is provided, and a printed circuit board having at board end prongs carrying bonding pieces for electrically connecting to the connectors is interposed between the coil bobbins. Coil ends are connected directly to the bonding pieces of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A miniature motor includes a case made of metallic material and formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof. A rotor is provided with an armature and a commutator. A case cap is fitted to an open end of the case and has brushes making sliding contact with the commutator. Input terminals are electrically connected to the brushes directly or via other electrically conductive material. The rotor is rotatably supported by bearings provided on the case bottom and the case cap. Through holes formed into a T shape in cross-sectional profile are provided on the case cap made of a resin material. The input terminals each having a stopper on the lower end thereof and a lanced and raised piece on the central part thereof are passed in the through holes, the lanced and raised pieces are bent to almost right angles with the input terminal surface to fixedly fit the input terminals to the case cap.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case made of a metallic material, formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and having permanent magnets on the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor consisting of an armature facing the permanent magnets and a commutator, and a case cap fitted to an open end of the case and having brushes making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by bearings provided on the bottom of the case and the case cap, in which an internal space defined by the case and the case cap is filled with an atmosphere of one or more than two types of polymethacrylate, polyacrylate, polyisobutylene, low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, and polybutene.

Abstract: In a miniature electric motor a hollow cylindrical socket (2) is formed by deep drawing process on a roof plate of a frame (1), and in this socket (2) a bearing housing (4) is tightly fit projecting outwardly and inwardly from its roof plane, and at least one bearing metal (3) is further tightly fitted therein in a manner to project from both ends of the bearing housing (4).By utilizing the draw-worked socket (2) for tightly holding the bearing metal (3), the accuracy of axis or circularity of the bearing hole is assured.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a electrically-conductive motor case is provided with a magnet fixedly fitted thereto. A non-electrically conductive case cover is provided holding a brushgear piece as a brush terminal piece. A ground terminal is provided in the form of an electrically conductive contacting piece in contact with case contacting piece. The electrically conductive contacting piece is formed into an essentially U shape. A case cover is provided with a groove for causing the tip of the case contacting piece to be plastically deformed providing electrical contact such that one of the brushes is electrically connected to the motor case via the ground terminal.

Abstract: Silicon-on-sapphire substrates are provided for the fabrication of micromechanical devices, such as micromotors. The high voltage stand-off characteristics of silicon-on-sapphire thereby provides for the construction of superior electrostatically driven devices and sensors capable of being driven at significantly higher applied potentials since silicon-on-sapphire has demonstrated a capability for building in the range of hundreds of Angstroms, or thick, in the range of microns very high speed, low power, very densely packed integrated circuits using standard silicon processing techniques. As a consequence, the electrostatically driven devices, micromotors, can be incorporated in the integrated circuits and yet be powered at elevated voltages to increase their work potential.

Abstract: Micromechanical devices are formed on a substrate using a sacrificial layer deep X-ray lithography process to produce a rotating microrotor which is driven magnetically. The rotor typically has a diameter of a few hundred microns or less and is formed as a free structure which is assembled onto a hub formed on a substrate. Stator pole pieces are formed on the substrate of a ferromagnetic material surrounding the rotor, and are also preferably formed by a deep X-ray lithography process followed by electroplating of a ferromagnetic material such as nickel. The stator pole pieces are supplied with magnetic flux, such as from a current flowing through a conductor surrounding the magnetic pole pieces which is integrated with the pole pieces on the substrate. Separate electromagnets can also be utilized to provide the magnetic flux to the pole pieces to provide a rotating magnetic field in the region of the rotor to drive the rotor.

Abstract: A vibrator motor has an armature rotor whose center of mass is off the axis of the shaft thereof. The rotor includes at least three poles each having an winding arm and an arcuate pole blade. All of the blades have an equal length and are disposed angularly evenly about the axis of the shaft so that all of the blade-to-blade spacings are equal. At least one winding arm is angularly out of alignment with the dimensional center of the arcuate blade of the corresponding pole, or, the size and the mass of at least one arm is different from those of any other arms, or, the mass of at least one of armature windings is different from the mass of any other armature winding, or, a weight is fixedly attached to the rotor in an eccentric manner either between two armature poles or on the shaft.

Abstract: A reversible two-phase electromechanical transducer comprises a stator (2) extending primarily over three levels and a rotor (38) including a multipolar permanent magnet (48) located between first and second principal stator parts (4, 8). The first stator part defines a stator hole and first and second principal magnetic poles (80, 82) magnetically coupled to secondary magnetic poles formed by the castellations (70) of a circular gapped crown located on the edge of the stator hole. The second principal stator portion defines at least one third principal magnetic pole (90), such second principal stator portion being magnetically coupled to each of the first and second principal magnetic poles by means of respective first and second magnetic flux guidance legs (12, 13), each bearing an energization winding (28, 29).

Abstract: A miniature motor having a housing formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape. The inner circumferential surface to which a pair of permanent magnets, which are rare-earth plastic magnets of an essentially C shape in cross section, are fixedly fitted. An end cap is fitted to an open end of the housing, and a rotor is rotatably supported in the housing by bearings provided on the housing and the end cap. A pair of the permanent magnets are formed in such a manner that the magnetic force of each magnet is made different from each other so that the rotor can be attracted to the permanent magnet having a larger magnetic force. One of the permanent magnets is made of a rare-earth plastic magnet containing a coloring material.

Abstract: An electric motor used especially for driving windshield wipers of motor vehicles which includes a gear pot and a metal cover with an outside and an inside and a plastic component which is injection-molded substantially at the outside of the cover and into which at least one conductive strip punched out from a metal blank and positioned substantially at the outside is embedded. In order to achieve an exact position of the conductive strip, the conductive strip is supported by a holding device from the inside of the cover through an aperture in the cover during the injection molding process. The plastic component includes at least one recess within the aperture in the cover which is open towards the inside of the cover and extends up to the conductive strip, unless the recess is filled with material afterwards.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a rotor having a plurality of axially extending magnetic poles disposed on the outer periphery thereof in the circumferential direction, and a stator having two axially disposed coils wound on coil bobbins, in which flanges whose outside diameter is larger than the outside diameter of hollow cylindrical coil cores are provided on both ends in the axial direction of the coil cores, the coil bobbins having on one of the flanges projections protruding toward the outside in the axial direction of the coil cores are disposed in such a manner that the projections are directed toward each other, and that the projection on one coil bobbin faces the coil core of the other coil bobbin.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a housing formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape, on the inner circumferential surface of which a permanent magnet is fixedly fitted; A rotor is provided having an armature, a spark-quenching element and a commutator. An end bracket is provided having brushes fitted to the open end of the housing and making sliding contact with the commutator. Input terminals are electrically connected to the brushes; The rotor is rotatably supported by bearings provided on the housing and the end bracket, in which the spark-quenching element is formed by a laminated ceramic capacitor formed into a ring shape, having on the outer surface thereof the same number of electrodes as the number of poles of the armature; The electrostatic capacity of the capacitor is more than 1 .mu.F.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a housing formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, an end plate engaged with an opening of the housing, and a rotor rotatably supported by bearings provided on the housing and the end plate. Power is fed to the motor by bringing a commutator constituting the rotor into sliding contact with brushes, in which a plurality of brush pieces branched from the brush are formed in such a manner that tangential lines formed by the brush pieces with respect to the commutator at predetermined contact points are made different at the tips of the brush pieces, and that the tips of brush pieces make different angles from the lines extended in the longitudinal direction of the brush pieces. The tips of brush pieces are bent to form a V shape in cross section. The tips of the brush pieces come in contact with the commutator at the opened legs of the V-shaped cross section.

Abstract: A micro electrostatic cooling fan arrangement is provided which includes a heat source having a planar surface, a stator attached to the heat source, an axle attached to the heat source and spaced from the stator, a rotary element including a hub having an aperture therein and a fan blade, the axle passing through the aperture of the hub and the fan blade having a major surface thereof disposed at an angle with respect to the surface of the heat source and attached to the hub at one end, with the other end of the fan blade being adjacent to but spaced from the stator and a voltage source applied to the stator having sufficient voltage to charge the fan blade.

Abstract: A small D.C. motor (1) provided with a flat circular or square PTC thermistor (8) between an input terminal (7) and phosphor bronze plate (6) connected to the motor brush (5). The thermistor has electrodes on both faces and an opening provided substantially in its central portion, and it is fitted on the inside or outside of the motor casing (2). The motor shaft (9) or an extension thereof is passed through the opening in the thermistor in such a manner that the plate surface of the PTC thermistor (8) is nearly perpendicular to the shaft (9).

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, an end plate engaged with an opening of the case and having input terminals, and a rotor rotatably supported by bearings provided on the case and the end plate; power being fed from the input terminals to the rotor via printed-circuit boards, in which a connector-unit body is fixedly fitted to an outer end of the end plate; the connector unit having such a construction that connector pins formed of a metallic material into a strip shape and having retainer pieces for printed-circuit boards and contactor pieces for input terminals are fixedly fitted to a connector-unit body made of an insulating material and formed into a plate shape, and insertion holes are provided in the vicinity of the retainer pieces so that the printed-circuit boards and input terminals can be electrically connected by inserting the printed-circuit boards into the i

Abstract: Small-size motors, particularly vehicle step motors in a system used to adjust vehicle parts, are connected directly with a housing in which an assigned electronic control system is housed. A bus supplies each of the motors or its associated electronic control system with adjusting commands and energy. The housings in which the electronic control systems are housed, are closed off tightly with respect to dust and dirt but not with respect to vapor, so that moisture can diffuse out of these housings. This arrangement permits a simple and operationally reliable construction.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a case formed of a metallic material into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape on the inner circumferential surface of which a permanent magnet is fixedly fitted, a rotor consisting of an armature facing the permanent magnet and a commutator, a case cover fitted to the opening of the case, and having brushes for making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals electrically connected to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by bearings provided on the bottom of the case and the case cover, in which electronic components are inserted in series between a pair of the input terminals via spring members made of an electrically conductive material.

Abstract: A commutator has such a construction that a flange having an outside diameter larger than the outside diameter of a cylindrical body is provided integrally with the cylindrical body in the vicinity of one end of the cylindrical body; guide grooves formed in a circular arc shape in cross section are provided on the flange at the boundary of the flange to the cylindrical body; engaging pieces passing through the guide grooves are provided on one end of a commutator segment; and engaging pieces are caused to deform plastically to fixedly fit the engaging pieces to the flange.

Abstract: A miniature motor including a case made of a metallic material and formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and having a permanent magnet fixedly fitted to the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor comprising an armature and a commutator, a case cap fitted to an open end of the case and having brushes making sliding contact with the commutator, and terminals electrically connected to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by bearings provided on the bottom of the case and the case cap; in which the input terminals are mounted on the case cap made of a resin material and fixedly fitted to the case cap by means of lanced and raised retainer pieces formed on the input terminals near the outer end face of the case cap is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of making miniature motors comprising a process of press-fitting input terminals into a case cap, and a process of forming lanced and raised retainer pieces in the vicinity of the outer end face of the case cap.

Abstract: A miniature d-c motor comprising a case on the inner circumferential surface of which a permanent magnet is mounted, a rotor consisting of an armature and a commutator, and a case cap on which brushes and input terminals are mounted; the rotor being supported via bearings provided on the case and the case cap, in which the miniature d-c motor is housed in a hermetically-sealed internal space defined by the hermetic case formed into a bottomed hollow cylindrical shape and the hermetic case cap fitted to an open end of the hermetic case, and an output shaft connected to a rotor shaft via a magnetic coupling is rotatably provided outside the bottom of the hermetic case.

Abstract: An electrostatic motor for use as a power generating mechanism to be mounted on a micromachine includes a rotatable semiconductor substrate and a drive electrode disposed in proximity to the substrate. The semiconductor substrate is doped with a specified impurity element to form electromagnetic wave-static electric converters of p-n junction. When the motor is to be started, the converter in the vicinity of the electrode is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to set up an electric field between the opposed surfaces of the converter and the electrode to rotate the substrate by an electrostatic force due to the electric field.

Abstract: A method for making and the product resulting from the method for making a microminiature electrical motor having a rotor rotatable about a fixed hub member within a surrounding stator, the diameter of the stator being typically in the range of 60-140 microns. Both synchronous and stepper motor configurations are described, each with structural features that provide increased performance and minimal rotor friction.

Abstract: A miniature motor comprising a housing made of a metallic material, formed into a bottom hollow cylindrical shape, and having a permanent magnet on the inner circumferential surface thereof, a rotor consisting of a commutator and an armature facing the permanent magnet, and an end plate fitted to the opening of the housing and having brushes for making sliding contact with the commutator and input terminals for electrically connecting to the brushes; the rotor being rotatably supported by oil-impregnated bearings fixedly fitted to bearing retainers each provided on the bottom of the housing and the endplate; in which a plurality of local projections are provided on the inside end faces of the bearing retainers, and the oil-impregnated bearings are positioned and held in place by bringing the end faces of the oil-impregnated bearings into contact with the local projections.