Abstract: A mercury-vapor lamp is provided with a reservoir in which a superfluous amount of mercury is stored in the form of liquid state. The liquid mercury in the reservoir is cooled to a certain temperature. The pressure of mercury-vapor is automatically reduced to the saturated pressure of the liquid mercury cooled. In this configuration, the pressure of mercury-vapor is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the liquid mercury stored in the reservoir.

Abstract: Projection television display tubes having an evacuated envelope (1) with a display window (4) which on its inside comprises a display screen (5) and in front of which a light permeable second window (6) is provided on its outside, a cooling liquid (16) flowing through the space (7) between the display window (4) and the second window (6) from at least one inlet aperture to at least one outlet aperture (17) namely by temperature differences in said cooling liquid. When in such a projection television display tube at the area of the windows (4, 6) and around the said space (7) a cooling jacket (8) is provided which comprises at least one duct (9) which transports the cooling liquid (6) from the outlet aperture(s) to the inlet aperture(s) of the said space, an effective cooling is obtained at a power between 12 and 25-30 W without external pipes or a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A coupled-cavity delay line for a traveling-wave tube which includes a device for focusing an electron beam along the axis of the delay line for interaction between the electron beam and an electromagnetic wave propagating along the delay line. The focusing device includes an alternate series of permanent magnets and pole pieces which confine resonant cavities on each side. Each of the pole pieces is common to a pair of adjacent cavities and is provided with a drift tube which is positioned at a center thereof and which has a central aperture for passage of the electron beam. Each of the pole pieces is also pierced by at least one intercavity coupling aperture. The delay line also comprises a heat transfer member provided in at least one of the pole pieces to extend from the drift tube to the outside of the pole piece. This heat transfer member is made of a material such as copper having a heat conductivity higher than that of a pole piece.

Abstract: A magnetron apparatus comprises a magnetron with an anode cylinder, and a radiator having an integral construction and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the anode cylinder so as to allow cooling air to pass therethrough. The radiator includes a plurality of horizontal plates arranged in stages and each having a cylindrical portion for receiving the anode cylinder, and a pair of vertical walls which connect adjacent ends of the horizontal plates, the vertical walls serving to maintain, between adjacent horizontal plates, a gap which is greater than the axial length of the cylindrical portion. The radiator, which has an integral construction of cooling plates; can be installed on the anode cylinder of the magnetron easily in such a manner to ensure a close contact between the radiator and the anode cylinder.

Abstract: An improved structure for cooling a cathode ray tube apparatus for projecting color images includes a cooling medium contained in a space defined by a front panel of the cathode ray tube, a front panel or lens, and a metallic frame for transferring heat from the tube to the frame. An improvement includes an air or expansion chamber communicating with the defined cooling medium space to permit expansion of the heated cooling medium into the chamber, while preserving the distance between the front panel of the tube and the lens.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled projection tube apparatus has a projection tube, a metal plate having an opening and fixed in close contact with a face plate of the projection tube, and a transparent plate made of resin fixed in close contact with the metal plate. A space surrounded by the face plate, metal plate and transparent plate is filled with a liquid. The transparent plate has a groove, and the metal plate has a projection around the opening which is fitted into the groove so that the transparent plate is easily positioned with respect to the metal plate and that the liquid is sealed within the space.

Abstract: In this invention, disposed in front of a front panel (1a) of a cathode ray tube (1) is a transparent panel (2) through a metal spacer (3) which serves also as a heat radiator, a liquid tight space (5) is formed between the front panel (1a) and the transparent panel (2), a transparent liquid coolant (6) is sealed in the space (5), a protruded portion (3C) is provided on at least the upper end portion of the transparent panel (2) and an extended space (5A) into which the liquid coolant is injected is formed between the protruded portion and the metal spacer (3), whereby it is possible to effectively radiate the heat generated in the front panel (1a) of the cathode ray tube (1).

Abstract: An air-cooled electron tube comprises an envelope including an anode forming a section thereof. A plurality of discrete radiator fins having a proximal end and a distal end are disposed so that the proximal end of each fin is adjacent to the anode. A radiator band having an interior surface circumscribes the radiator fins so that the interior surface of the band is adjacent to the distal end of the fins. The band includes at least one projection, and preferably two, formed around the interior surface of the band. The projection is raised about 0.38 mm above the interior surface and terminates in a sharp edge which pierces the distal ends of selected ones of the radiator fins so as to contact the distal end of each of the fins, thereby urging the proximal ends of the fins into contact with the anode.

Abstract: A lamp having an integral heat sink that gives off heat as well as light during operation. The heat sink intersects the surface of the lamp adjacent the lamp filament for maximum heat transfer effect with minimum light radiation loss.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube apparatus having a metal body with heat radiation effect which is located at least at a front periphery of a front panel of the cathode ray tube, a transparent panel located at the front of the front panel and facing the front panel with a predetermined distance therebetween, the metal body abutting the front periphery of the front panel and a periphery of the transparent panel to form a space therein; and transparent coolant sealed in the space.

Abstract: A high power vacuum tube 10 has a cylindrical body 16 and a plurality of radially extending fins 18. A cylindrical wall 20 is co-axially disposed about the body and the fins, thus defining an air channel between the body and the wall. To cool the tube, air is forced into the channel from an entry port, and leaves the channel through an exit port. The cooling capacity of the system is optimized by contouring the entry and exit ports to minimize aerodynamic drag. In one embodiment, the entry into the channel is flared outward and a cone assembly 42 is provided adjacent the longitudinal end of the body 16 nearest the exit port. This cone assembly thus forms a continuation of the body 16 which tapers to a smaller cross section in the direction of air flow. The cone assembly may be formed of a stack of discs 70 of successively smaller diameter. The exit port, which may have either rigid or flexible sidewalls, has a venturi shape to further reduce drag.

Abstract: A cathode assembly for cathode-ray tube which comprises a cathode sleeve with a blackened surface, a first cylindrical reflective member fixedly put on the top end portion of the cathode sleeve with a fixing point therebetween and having one end portion closed up with a metal substrate, and a second cylindrical reflective member attached to the cathode sleeve by means of support members so as to be on the same axis with the cathode sleeve and having a diameter greater than that of the cathode sleeve, both the first and second cylindrical reflective members being provided for reflecting radiant heat from the cathode sleeve, and the length of the first cylindrical reflective member being set so that an angle formed between the longitudinal direction of the cathode sleeve and a straight line connecting a heat radiation peak point on the outer surface of the cathode sleeve and the inner edge of a top opening portion of the second cylindrical reflective member, on a plane passing through the same axis, may be 30.

Abstract: In a forced air cooled type magnetron device having a plurality of cooling fins, the opposite ends of each fin are provided with a plurality of tongue shaped pieces and alternate pieces are bent in the opposite directions to enhance turbulence.

Abstract: A magnetron comprises an anode with an anode axis and an antenna terminal disposed along an antenna axis. The antenna axis is offset from and parallel to the anode axis. A cooling element surrounds the anode for cooling the anode. The outermost periphery of the cooling element which forms the overall shape of the magnetron has a longitudinal center axis disposed coaxially along the antenna axis to permit the adaptability of the magnetron to substantially all types of oven waveguides.

Abstract: A cylindrical envelope of the magnetron is provided with annular grooves about its periphery and each of the cooling fins and the mounting plate is provided with an annular member press fitted on the envelope and an integral bent rim which engages the groove.

Abstract: An X-ray tube includes a rotor body having an outer sleeve of copper and an inner sleeve of steel, the two sleeves being joined by brazing. A black coating is applied to the outer surface of the copper sleeve and the inner surface of the steel sleeve, as well as to the outer surface of a copper bearing housing concentrically disposed within the rotor body. A steel spindle is concentrically and rotatably supported within the housing by a bearing structure and is rigidly affixed to the rotor body to support the rotor body for rotation. The X-ray tube also includes an anode comprised of molybdenum having a coating of rhenium-tungsten. The anode is supported on a shaft comprised of a material having a low coefficient of thermal conductivity such as niobium, an alloy of niobium, molybdenum, or an alloy of molybdenum. The X-ray tube further includes a bearing structure having portions lubricated by lead.

Abstract: A high pressure xenon arc illuminator bulb having a sapphire window generates a broad band of ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation extending from about 180 nanometers to about 2000 nanometers.The emitted radiation in the range from about 180 to about 200 nanometers, in passing through the oxygen in the air, causes the molecules of oxygen in the form O.sub.2 to recombine to produce ozone, O.sub.3. Ozone is toxic.In the invention, a lens barrel, which holds a sapphire condensing lens, is joined to the xenon arc illuminator bulb with a lighttight and also hermetic connection. Thus, the condensing lens is optically rigid with the illuminator bulb and the ozone formed within the lens barrel is not released to the ambient environment, even though its local concentration within the lens barrel becomes high. Furthermore, the ozone confined within the lens barrel acts as an absorption filter for all of the wavelengths in the 180 to 200 nanometer band which are capable of producing ozone.

Abstract: A fast warmup cathode comprises a substrate of nickel or cathode nickel alloy having an outer and an inner surface. At least an area of the outer surface is formed to receive an electron emissive material. The inner surface is provided with a high heat radiating material. The high heat radiating material comprises vacuum deposited aluminum or magnesium which has been fired at a temperature above the melting point of the material to provide a surface which is darker than the unaltered surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A metal halide high-intensity arc discharge lamp having a bulb containing elongated electrodes of a refractory metal such as tungsten, and means connecting the electrodes through seals of the bulb to external terminals. Cooling means such as metal fins are provided at the external terminals and function to cool the electrodes relatively quickly whenever the arc discharge terminates, without substantially affecting the desired high operating temperature of the electrodes. The faster cooling of the electrodes upon termination of the arc discharge permits the lamp to be restarted sooner.

Abstract: An electrodeless fluorescent lamp, suitable for substitution in place of existing incandescent lamps, comprises a gas filled toroidal envelope assembly removably mounted around a cylindrical ballast assembly. The ballast supplies radio frequency energy which induces electric current flow within the envelope and stimulates the emission of visible light. A toroidal transformer, which may have a ferrite core, is contained within a constriction on the envelope toroid and couples the energy to the gas. Heat generated within the envelope and transformer is conducted through the ballast to a radiator. The heated surfaces of the ballast and envelope form a chimney which induces air flow over the radiator.

Abstract: A carbon arc lamp for use in a light fastness tester. The lamp has an arc glow section, a base located at the top of the arc glow section, a heat radiating means integral with the upper side of the base, a heat collecting means integral with the side of the base facing toward the glow section, and a glass bulb extending from the base around the glow section. The heat produced due to carbon arc discharge in the glow section is collected by the collecting means and radiated to the outside of the lamp by the radiating means aided by the convection of the outside atmosphere to hold the base at a temperature lower than that of the glass bulb so as to eliminate or reduce deposition of ash resulting from the combustion of carbon on the light transmitting glass bulb which is at a higher temperature than the base by virtue of the tendency of the ash to be deposited to different extents, depending upon temperature, to thereby ensure emission of light through the bulb at a substantially constant luminous intensity.

Abstract: A solid heat-dissipating member having an axial aperture to slidably receive a collector of a traveling-wave tube, includes at least one radial hole opening to the axial aperture. A contacting element having a spherical surface is accommodated in the radial hole so as to be held in pressure contact with the collector under the action of a biasing spring arranged in the radial hole. The collector can be held in good thermal-conducting relation with the heat-dissipating member without the danger of seizing and can be smoothly withdrawn therefrom when required.

Abstract: A method and means for suppressing ozone generated by high pressure xenon arc lamps and similar luminous discharge arc lamps of a type normally generating ozone. The ozone-generating lamp is enclosed in a gas-tight housing having a quartz or sapphire light emission window able to transmit light including ultraviolet. The housing has metal cover plates on its various sides acting as heat sinks, each of which has a large number of external heat-radiating fins. Clearance is provided inside the housing sufficient to cause the ozone formed by short wavelengths to be broken down by thermal contact with the lamp and to be thus converted into stable O.sub.2. The heat generated by the lamp in the housing is transferred to the walls of the housing and is dissipated by the external heat-radiating fins. The inner surfaces of the cover plates are blackened to absorb waste light.

Abstract: A method and means for suppressing ozone generated by high pressure xenon arc lamps and similar luminous discharge arc lamps of a type normally generating ozone. The ozone-generating lamp is enclosed in a gas-tight housing having a quartz or sapphire light emission window able to transmit light including ultraviolet. The housing has metal cover plates on its various sides acting as heat sinks, each of which has a large number of external heat-radiating fins. Clearance is provided inside the housing sufficient to cause the ozone formed by short wavelengths to be broken down by thermal contact with the lamp and to be thus converted into stable O.sub.2. The heat generated by the lamp in the housing is transferred to the walls of the housing and is dissipated by the external heat-radiating fins. The inner surfaces of the cover plates are blackened to absorb waste light.