Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge device for generating a plasma discharge is disclosed. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode separated from the first electrode, and a dielectric material disposed between the two electrodes. Each electrode has a first end, a first surface, and a second surface. The first end of the first electrode is disposed proximate to the first end of the second electrode. The first end of the first electrode comprises a set of saw-tooth features disposed between the surfaces configured to stabilize location of streamers of the plasma discharge upon generation thereof.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) display device is provided which can reduce a level of power consumption. The organic EL display device includes a plurality of anode columns formed on a substrate, each anode column having first and second anodes disposed adjacent to each other, with emitting areas of the first and second anodes being arranged alternately in a line; a plurality of walls intersecting the anode columns. A plurality of cathodes are formed between walls which intersect the anode columns to form two sub pixels. A plurality of secondary walls are formed between two adjacent walls, between the light emitting areas of the first and second anodes of each anode column. Each secondary wall may include a plurality of unit walls corresponding to one pixel with first, second and third sub pixels which emit different colored lights. Alternatively, each subsidiary wall may include a plurality of unit walls, with each unit wall corresponding to one of the first, second or third sub pixels.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, the fill comprising the constituents In halide, Na halide, Tl halide and halides of the rare earths. This fill may in particular be contained in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display panel, more particularly to a plasma display panel including an address electrode. A plasma display panel according to the present invention comprises a scan electrode comprising at least one a first hole disposed in the area protruding to the center of a discharge cell; a sustain electrode comprising at least one a second hole disposed in the area protruding to the center of a discharge cell; and an address electrode comprising a third hole formed corresponding to at least one of the first hole or the second hole. The present invention implements an address electrode corresponding to a transparent electrode to enlarge the overlapping size between the two electrodes for improving jitter characteristic and providing two pad transparent electrode having a high efficiency.

Abstract: A display device includes linear structures each having a first conductor linearly extended and a light emitting layer structure which covers at least a part of the conductor, the linear structures being arranged in parallel. The linear structures are electrically insulated by first insulating portions from one another. Second conductors are arranged in parallel so as to cross the linear structures and electrically connected to the light emitting layer structures at crossing portions arranged in a matrix. The linear conductors are electrically insulated by the linear conductors from one another.

Abstract: A sulfur lamp, is provided, including a power supply that supplies electrical power, a transparent bulb having a space inside that contains sulfur and a plurality of electrodes. Additionally, a portion of each electrode may be inserted into the space and an end of each electrode may be connected to the power supply such that the sulfur is excited by an electric discharge thereby emitting light. A portion of the electrode inserted into the space may be coated with a protective layer to prevent a chemical reaction of between the electrode and the sulfur. Further, the changing of the sulfur (contained in the space of the bulb) into a plasma phase may be accomplished by utilizing the electrodes (not microwaves). Therefore, a need to utilize a magnetron (which is low in energy transfer rate) may be eliminated, thereby increasing a system efficacy and saving a cost of replacing the magnetron.

Abstract: Disclosed is an EEFL and LCD device using the same, the EEFL comprising: a glass tube coated with a fluorescent material therein and filled with discharge gas, main electrodes at both ends of the glass tube and sub-electrodes formed at an outer surface of the glass tube and being respectively spaced from the main electrodes, or comprising: a glass tube coated with a fluorescent material therein and filled with discharge gas, main electrodes at both ends of the glass tube, sub-electrodes at an outer surface of the glass tube and being respectively spaced from the main electrodes and electrode connection lines connecting each of the main electrodes and the sub-electrodes to each other.

Abstract: A cold-cathode fluorescent lamp having high brightness with long life and an electrode for this lamp are offered. The electrode comprises a base and a covering layer that covers the surface of the base. The base is formed of one metal selected from nickel, a nickel alloy, iron, and an iron alloy. Consequently, a base having a shape, such as a cup, can be easily produced. The covering layer comprises (a) a surface layer made of tungsten or molybdenum and (b) a bonding layer that is made of zinc alloy and that is placed between the base and the surface layer. In comparison with nickel and iron, tungsten and molybdenum are resistant to sputtering, have a small work function, and have a high melting point. The presence of the bonding layer enables sufficient bonding between the surface layer and base. A cold-cathode fluorescent lamp provided with the foregoing electrode can suppress the reduction in brightness and the consumption of the electrode. Therefore, it has high brightness and long life.

Abstract: An improved flat fluorescent lamp and a display device having the same are disclosed, by which a luminance can be improved and a driving voltage can be reduced. The flat fluorescent lamp may include: a lower substrate; an upper substrate combined with the lower substrate to provide a discharge area; a plurality of walls partitioning the discharge area to provide a plurality of discharge units; first and second voltage-applying electrodes disposed at opposite ends of each discharge unit, the first and second voltage-applying electrodes being exposed; first and second discharge electrodes formed on the first and second voltage-applying electrodes, respectively; a dielectric layer coated on the first and second voltage-applying electrodes; and a fluorescent layer formed on the discharge area.

Abstract: The disclosure includes an electro-optical device supporting device, which interposes a flat flexible member extending from a held member in a vertical direction and holds the posture of the held member. The held member may include a substrate having a display region and an electro-optical material in the display region of the substrate. The supporting device includes a first member that supports neighboring portions of both ends of the flat flexible member in a widthwise direction from a lower side of the flat flexible member, and a second member that pushes down a center portion of the flat flexible member in the widthwise direction from an upper side. A concave portion is formed in the center portion of the first member in the widthwise direction. A convex portion for deforming the flat flexible member by pushing down the flat flexible member is formed in the second member so as to correspond to the concave portion of the first member.

Abstract: Forming a protective layer such as chromium, chrome alloys, nickel or cobalt as a cap over an aluminum film protects an underlying ITO layer from corrosion during the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and the like. The presence of the protective layer during fabrication processes such as photolithography prevents diffusion of solutions through the aluminum into the ITO. This protective layer is especially effective during the development and resist stripping stages of photolithography which use solutions or solvents that would otherwise cause reductive corrosion of ITO in contact with aluminum. The methods and apparatus described herein are particularly advantageous for the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and other display devices, because ITO is often used in such devices in contact with aluminum while exposed to corrosion-inducing media.

Abstract: A cold cathode discharge lamp includes: a transparent hollow housing; a fluorescent film formed on inner surfaces of the hollow housing; a pair of cold cathodes that are located in the hollow housing; and a discharge gas that contains hydrogen gas sealed within the hollow housing. Each of the cold cathodes includes: a supporting body that has conductivity; an insulating diamond film formed on the supporting body; and an insulating layer that insulates the supporting body from the insulating diamond film.

Abstract: A cold-cathode fluorescent lamp having high brightness with long life and an electrode for this lamp are offered. At least one part of the electrode surface is formed by using one material selected from the group consisting of rhodium, palladium, and alloys of these. For example, a surface layer made of the foregoing material is formed on a base. To increase the bonding strength between the surface layer and the base, a bonding layer made of gold or gold alloy is formed on the base. Because a metal such as rhodium is resistant to alloying with mercury and has a high melting point, a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp provided with an electrode made of the foregoing metal can suppress not only the consumption of the mercury due to the formation of an amalgam but also the reduction in brightness due to insufficient discharging. Furthermore, because the lamp can suppress the consumption of the mercury and electrode, the lamp has long life.

Abstract: A field emission type backlight device with high light efficiency may include a front substrate, a reflective substrate on the front substrate, a rear substrate separated from the front substrate by a predetermined gap, anode electrodes provided with a predetermined gap between them on the rear substrate, a light-emitting layer on the anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a gate electrode spaced apart on the rear substrate between the anode electrodes, and an electron emission source emitting electrons by electric field on the cathode electrode.

Abstract: A plasma panel used as a light source of a display panel includes a first substrate having a first surface, a second substrate positioned above the first substrate, a plurality of electrode pairs extending along a first direction on the first surface, and a plurality of conductive spacers. Each of the electrode pairs includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The conductive spacers are formed on the first electrode and the second electrode for performing a discharge of opposed electrodes and supporting the second substrate.

Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type which has an arc tube in which there is a pair of opposed electrodes, a pair of hermetically sealing parts which extend outward from opposite ends of the arc tube, and a trigger wire, each end of which is wound around one of the hermetically sealing parts, with a middle area of the trigger wire running along the outside surface of the arc tube. In the area of at least one of the ends of the trigger wire, a bend is formed which comes to rest on one of the hermetically sealing parts, and following this bend, a fold is formed at the outer end area of the end of the trigger wire.

Abstract: A Plasma Display Panel (PDP) has a high aperture ratio of a discharge cell, a high light transmittance, and a high luminous efficiency and a stable and efficient discharge occurs uniformly at a low driving voltage on inner sidewalls of the discharge cell and concentrates in the center of the discharge cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lamp and a liquid crystal display device having the same. The lamp includes a discharge tube having an inner wall coated with a phosphor; a first electrode containing a first metallic material having a first sputtering rate provided at one end of the discharge tube; and a second electrode containing a second metallic material having a second sputtering rate provided at the other end of the discharge tube, wherein the first sputtering rate is larger than the second sputtering rate.

Abstract: A very large area plasma display for indoor and outdoor application ranging in size to several feet in diagonal, incorporating plurality of ‘tiles’ of plasma pixels comprising plasma sustain electrodes and dielectric barrier on one substrate and address electrode on other substrate, the substrates being kept in alignment to oppose each other and orient plasma sustain electrodes, with dielectric barrier, orthogonal to address electrodes. The presence of the dielectric barrier enhances the path length of Hg-inert gas plasma resulting in increased UV generation and hence increased visible light that enhances the luminous efficiency of the large area plasma display. Plurality of plasma pixels are fabricated in a single panel called ‘tile’ and hermetically sealed. The ‘tiles’ are assembled to generate a large area plasma display thus eliminating the need for expensive process equipments and tedious procedures to handle large area substrates.

Abstract: A plasma display panel comprising a first substrate and a second substrate provided opposing one another with a predetermined gap therebetween, display electrodes formed on the first substrate, address electrodes formed on the second substrate substantially perpendicularly to the display electrodes, barrier ribs mounted in the gap between the first substrate and the second substrate and defining a plurality of discharge cells, and phosphor layers formed using a phosphor layer material within each of the discharge cells. The display electrodes have bus electrodes running along a direction crossing with the address electrodes, and a cross-sectional shape of the bus electrodes is convex toward the second substrate.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp (10) includes a discharge tube which is made of transmissive material, has a phosphor layer formed on the inner surface of the discharge tube and is filled with a discharge gas, a first internal electrode (101a) provided at one end of the discharge tube (102) for applying a rectangular alternating voltage of high frequency, a second internal electrode (101b) provided at the opposite end the discharge tube (102) to the first internal electrode (101a), an external electrode (103) provided along the longitudinal direction of the discharge tube (102). A capacitive element (104) for discharging internal charge is electrically connected to the second internal electrode (101b) outside the discharge tube (102).

Abstract: A xenon short arc lamp which has a middle section with a length to diameter ratio greater than 1.6 and which is directly interchangeable with a xenon short arc lamp of the same wattage in a lamphouse without modifying the lamphouse.

Abstract: By making a cathode substrate function as a cathode and applying a voltage to the cathode and an anode, an electron emission element emits an electron from an electron source provided on the cathode substrate, and irradiates the electron onto an electron irradiation surface formed on the anode surface. The electron source is thread-type and provided on the cathode substrate. A deflecting voltage generates the electric field around the electron source. The electron source including a charge receives a power from the generated electric field to curve. Therefore, an irradiation position of the electron moves on the electron irradiation surface. Since it becomes unnecessary to move the electron irradiation surface and the electron source, a configuration of the electron emission element or an apparatus including the electron emission element is not complicated, and can be miniaturized and simple.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp with a thermally-insulating assembly includes an elongated glass tube. Mercury is disposed within the glass tube and a cold spot that substantially controls the vapor pressure of the mercury is present in the glass tube. One cathode stem is affixed to one end of the glass tube and extends into the glass tube a first distance. A second cathode stem is affixed to the other end of the glass tube and extends into the glass tube a second distance. The cold spot is located within a portion of the glass tube that is near the end of the glass tube where the second cathode stem is located, for example, immediately adjacent the end of the glass tube where the second cathode stem is located. A band of a thermally-insulating material substantially surrounds the portion of the glass tube where the cold spot is located and a jacket of a material capable of transmitting light substantially surrounds the glass tube.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lamp, a method of fabricating the same and an LCD having the same. Electrode is disposed on an outer surface of a lamp tube, and an adhesive member is interposed between the electrode and the lamp tube. The adhesive member is hardened and expanded by means of heating, and adheres the electrode to the lamp tube. Thus, voids generated during forming the electrode on the outer surface is removed, and images having a high quality are obtained.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus of driving a plasma display panel that is adaptive for reducing discharge delay upon reset discharge. A driving method and apparatus of a plasma display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention applies a plurality of pulses to the plasma display panel for the reset period in order to reduce a discharge delay.

Abstract: A flat light source unit includes a discharge tube including discharge channels and partitions formed between the discharge channels, a main electrode portion formed at first and second ends of the discharge channels, a sub-electrode portion connected to the main electrode portion, and a thermistor connected between the main electrode portion and the sub-electrode portion and having a resistance value which changes depending on temperature. There are also provided a method for manufacturing the flat light source unit, and a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) having the flat light source unit.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of a plate-type fluorescent lamp and a display device having the same includes an upper glass substrate; a lower glass substrate adhering opposite to the upper glass substrate; electrodes formed on external surfaces of the upper glass substrate and the lower glass substrate; and a dielectric layer formed between one of the upper and lower glass substrates and the electrodes. The dielectric layer is formed between at least one of the glass substrates and the electrodes so as to reduce generating a pinhole.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp having an arc tube is disclosed. The arc tube comprises: at least a first tube part and a second tube part connected to each other through a transverse connecting tube portion including a cold spot. The lamp further comprises an outer bulb enclosing the arc tube. A clip member is adapted to clip to the connecting tube portion. The clip member is for providing heat dissipation from the cold spot and for providing resilient positioning for the arc tube along a longitudinal axis of the lamp. The clip member is comprised of: at least one gripping section adapted to clip on said connecting tube portion diametrically around, and made of a curved resilient metallic strip; at least two resilient outward tags protruding out from the gripping section in different directions for providing flexible support on an inner surface portion of the outer bulb. The outward tags are made of metal and having contacting sections for sprung contact onto the inner surface portion of the outer bulb.

Abstract: An electrode sheet for a plasma display panel and a plasma display panel utilizing the same. The electrode sheet for the plasma display panel includes: a dielectric layer having a first surface and a second surface and including a discharge hole for providing a side wall of a discharge space, the dielectric layer being composed of metal oxide (MxOy); and a discharge electrode including a discharge unit around a perimeter of the discharge hole and a connection unit for connecting the discharge unit and another discharge unit to each other, the discharge electrode being within the dielectric layer and composed of metal (M) of the metal oxide (MxOy). Here, the discharge unit of the discharge electrode is within the dielectric layer such that the first surface of the dielectric layer has an area differing from that of the second surface of the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A flat display panel in which a field emission principle of ferroelectrics is applied to improve the luminous efficiency with a low driving voltage, and a method of driving the same.

Abstract: A cold cathode for a discharge lamp includes a metal plate that has bending portions; a diamond film that is formed on a face of the metal plate, except for the bending portions; and a metal member that is mounted on the metal plate.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter includes a fluorescent lamp and particularly a cold cathode fluorescent lamp that can be employed as a light source for a LCD backlight unit for a television, a computer, a display, and the like. The fluorescent lamp can include a couple of electrode units located opposite to each other at each end of a tube, a couple of welding beads sealing both the tube and the couple of electrode units, and a filler gas located in the tube. Each of the electrode units can include an emitter electrode that is configured with a crystalline silicon carbide material having an electrical conductivity and including a concave portion formed thereon. The electrode units can prevent blackening on an inner surface of the tube by avoiding the occurrence of spattering. Thus, the fluorescent lamp using the electrode units can enjoy a long life, high reliability, easy manufacture, and the like.

Abstract: A display apparatus is having a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate. An electrode is located on an inner surface of the first substrate or an inner surface of the second substrate. An electron emitter is located on the electrode. A barrier rib structure is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate to define a sealed inner space therebetween. The barrier rib structure is comprised of a conductive material. A gas is located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp, comprising a light-transmissive discharge vessel (2) filled with an ionisable substance (3), and at least two electrodes (4) connected to said vessel, between which electrodes a discharge extends during lamp operation, wherein at least one electrode is adapted for capacitive coupling of HF electrical energy to said ionisable substance, and is characterised in that said discharge vessel part which comprises said capacitive electrode is shaped such that it has an increased surface area with respect to the remaining part of the discharge vessel. The invention also relates to a backlight module for backlighting a display device comprising at least one discharge lamp according to the invention. The invention further relates to a display device provided with at least one backlight module according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp for EUV radiation with an anode (1) and a hollow cathode (2), wherein the hollow cathode (2) has at least two openings (3, 3?) and the anode (1) has a through hole (4), which is characterized in that the longitudinal axes (5, 5?) of the hollow cathode openings (3) have a common point of intersection S lying on the axis of symmetry (6) of the anode opening (4).

Abstract: An electron emission light-emitting device includes a cathode structure, an anode structure, a fluorescent layer, and a low-pressure gas layer. The fluorescent layer is located between the cathode structure and the anode structure. The low-pressure gas layer is filled between the cathode structure and the anode structure, having a function of inducing the cathode to emit electron uniformly. The low-pressure gas layer has an electron mean free path, allowing at least sufficient amount of electrons to directly impinge the fluorescent layer under an operation voltage.

Abstract: A radiation detector has an electron emitter that includes a coated nanostructure on a support. The nanostructure can include a plurality of nanoneedles. A nanoneedle is a shaft tapering from a base portion toward a tip portion. The tip portion has a diameter between about 1 nm to about 50 nm and the base portion has a diameter between about 20 nm to about 300 nm. Each shaft has a length between about 100 nm to about 3,000 nm and an aspect ratio larger than 10. A coating covers at least the tip portions of the shafts. The coating exhibits negative electron affinity and is capable of emitting secondary electrons upon being irradiated by radiation. The nanostructure can also include carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated with a material selected from the group of aluminum nitride (AlN), gallium nitride (GaN), and zinc oxide (ZnO).

Abstract: A flat lamp for emitting light to a surface area of a liquid crystal display device includes a bottom having a channel uniformly crossing an entire surface of the bottom, an arc-discharging gas is disposed within the channel, a cover disposed upon an upper junction surface of the bottom, the cover is coated with a fluorescent material, and an electric field generating means for generating an electric field, wherein the electric field generating means is placed along opposing lateral sides of the channel.

Abstract: A surface light source device may include a first substrate and a second substrate having a plurality of space-dividing portions to divide an inner space between the first and second substrates into a plurality of discharge regions. First and second electrodes may be formed on an outer face of the first substrate or the second substrate, and the first and second electrodes have a plurality of openings corresponding to the space-dividing portions. The openings have a first opening width along a longitudinal direction of the space-dividing portions, which is smaller than a line width of the first and second electrodes. The light source may be used in a flat panel display apparatus, such as a liquid crystal display apparatus.

Abstract: A plasma display panel in which a sustain discharge is generated as an opposed discharge, thereby reducing a discharge firing voltage and improving efficiency. The plasma display panel includes first and second substrates. Address electrodes are formed on the first substrate in a first direction and first electrodes and second electrodes are formed in a second direction crossing the first direction. Each of the first electrodes and the second electrodes has base portions that correspond to discharge spaces of discharge cells and a crossbar portion that connects the base portions along the second direction. The base portions of the first and the second electrodes face each other across a gap in each discharge cell. The length of the portions of the base portions near the first substrate is different from that of the portions of the base portions near the second substrate in the second direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides matrixes doped with semiconductor nanocrystals. In certain embodiments, the semiconductor nanocrystals have a size and composition such that they absorb or emit light at particular wavelengths. The nanocrystals can comprise ligands that allow for mixing with various matrix materials, including polymers, such that a minimal portion of light is scattered by the matrixes. The matrixes of the present invention can also be utilized in refractive index matching applications. In other embodiments, semiconductor nanocrystals are embedded within matrixes to form a nanocrystal density gradient, thereby creating an effective refractive index gradient. The matrixes of the present invention can also be used as filters and antireflective coatings on optical devices and as down-converting layers. The present invention also provides processes for producing matrixes comprising semiconductor nanocrystals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an improved electrode structure of planar lamp, which applies to the planar lamp that has a gas-discharge cavity with at least a bending channel and with a discharge gas and a fluorescent material equipped thereinside. Via disposing an electrically conductive element, which traverses the bending channels, onto the discharge electrodes on the external wall of the gas-discharge cavity, the input area of the power output by the discharge electrodes is increased, and thus, the light uniformity of the planar lamp is achieved.

Abstract: An external electrode fluorescent lamp and its fabrication method are disclosed. The method for fabricating the external electrode fluorescent lamp includes providing a cylindrical glass tube having a phosphor layer coated at its inner circumferential surface, a discharge gas injected therein and sealed at its ends, forming external electrodes at both end portions of the glass tube, and forming insulation films for sealing the external electrodes each insulation film having an opening exposing a portion of the corresponding external electrode.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and the manufacturing method thereof. Forming partition wall structures on the back substrate of the paste display panel and forming the column-shaped protrusions at the positions corresponding to the cuts on the rib on the front substrate of the plasma display panel. The manufacturing process is simple and the alignment of the front and back substrate is easy. In addition, the size of the opening of the rib and the size of the cut can be easily adjusted according to the needs of the application during the manufacturing process.

Abstract: A low-pressure discharge lamp (1) is provided that includes a glass tube (2) having an inner diameter in a range of 1 to 5 mm and a pair of electrodes (3) disposed at end portions in the glass tube (2). The pair of electrodes (3) contain at least one transition metal selected from transition metals of Groups IV to VI. Mercury and a rare gas containing argon and neon are sealed in an inner portion of the glass tube (2). A relationship between a cathode glow discharge density J and a composition index ? of the sealed rare gas of the low-pressure discharge lamp (1) satisfies the following expression ??J=I/(S·P2)?1.5? (where S represents an effective discharge surface area (mm2) of an electrode, I represents a RMS lamp current (mA), P represents a pressure (kPa) of a sealed rare gas, and ? represents a composition index of a sealed rare gas that is a constant expressed by ?=(90.5A+3.4N)×10?3 when a total of a composition ratio A of argon and a composition ratio N of neon is expressed by A+N=1).

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method of manufacturing the same is provided. The plasma display panel includes a front substrate and a rear substrate spaced apart from each other. A plurality of electrode sheets are stacked between the front substrate and the rear substrate, and have apertures for forming a plurality of discharge spaces. The electrode sheets include a plurality of metal discharge electrodes extending so as to surround at least a part of each of the discharge spaces arranged in a column, and are separated from each other. Insulation members are located between the metal discharge electrodes, are formed of a oxide material of the metal of the metal discharge electrodes and insulate the metal discharge electrodes.

Abstract: An organic electronic device includes a first member including: a substrate; a first conductive layer formed on the substrate; an organic active layer deposited on a portion of the first conductive layer; and a second conductive layer deposited on the organic active layer and on the first conductive layer; and a second member coupled to the first member to form an enclosed space, the second member including: a lid; and a third conductive layer deposited on the lid, wherein the third conductive layer is electrically coupled to one or both of the first and the second conductive layers.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method of manufacturing the same. The plasma display panel includes a front substrate and a rear substrate facing each other, a plurality of barrier ribs arranged to partition a plurality of discharge cells between the front substrate and the rear substrate, a plurality of discharge electrodes arranged on the front substrate, extending across the front substrate, spaced a distance apart from each other and arranged in parallel to each other, each of said discharge electrodes comprise a transparent electrode and a bus electrode and a front dielectric layer arranged on the front substrate covering the plurality of discharge electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of bus electrodes comprise a first bus electrode arranged on a corresponding one of the plurality of transparent electrodes and second bus electrode arranged on the first bus electrode so that a thickness of the second bus electrode is reduced toward longitudinal edges thereof.

Abstract: Electrical devices which incorporate electrodes coated with carbon nanotubes. An anode is placed in conductive relationship with the coated electrode. A gas medium is placed between the electrode and anode which medium also participates in the transfer of electrons. Using specific gas media in combination with nanotube coated electrodes allows for the production of electromagnetic radiation sources which have extended life, reduced power requirements, and significantly decreased operating temperatures.