Abstract: Solar-powered lighting devices that may be portable and/or collapsible are described. The devices may include a housing including a first wall, a second wall, and one or more side walls between the first wall and the second wall, at least one solar panel to generate solar energy, and a rechargeable battery to store the solar energy generated. The devices may include a plurality of operating modes for controlling lights within the housing, and a microprocessor for controlling the operating modes.

Abstract: A color temperature fusion lighting apparatus includes a first light source with a first color temperature, a second light source with a second color temperature, and a driver circuit. The driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in two modes. In the first mode, the driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in a first linear combination of the first light source and the second light source, resulting in a first operating color temperature for the lighting apparatus. In the second mode, the driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in a second linear combination of the first light source and the second light source, resulting in a second operating color temperature. Moreover, the driver circuit is configured to alternate the operation of the lighting apparatus between the first mode and the second mode at a frequency F between 35 to 45 Hz, resulting in a blended color temperature of the first operating color temperature and the second operating color temperature for the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A luminous device includes a luminous module. The luminous module includes a plurality of LED chips, a driving chip and a package body. The driving chip is configured to selectively drive the LED chips to emit light. The driving chip includes a power pad, a plurality of LED pads corresponding to the plurality of LED chips respectively and a ground pad. The driving chip receives a power signal having a selecting signal and a luminous signal by the power pin, and determines the LED chips to emit light according to the luminous signal or not based on the selecting signal. The luminous device uses the power signal of selecting the LED chip as the driving power for driving the LED chips to emit light in the same time. The luminous device not only reduces the volume, but also saves the cost.

Abstract: A system is configured to receive light sensor data from a light sensor and determine a visibility threshold (235, 245) based on the light sensor data. The light sensor data is indicative of an ambient light level. The system is further configured to determine the plurality of light effects to be rendered by a lighting device and determine whether light intensity levels (233) of the plurality of light effects exceed the visibility threshold. The system is further configured to increase at least one of the light intensity levels above the visibility threshold, to harmonize the at least one light intensity level with the ambient light level, upon determining that the at least one light intensity level does not exceed the visibility threshold, and control the lighting device to render the plurality of light effects with the adjusted light intensity levels (253).

Abstract: A system and method for transforming location-based data queries into temporal domain by leveraging a location-to-time knowledge conversion graph. In some systems which contain diverse sets of data objects, only certain objects may contain explicit location data, while others may not. Therefore, queriability of this diverse data by location properties would likely yield incomplete results. In some embodiments, this method allows for the transformation and augmentation of a given data query containing location-based filtering properties into a time-region-based lookup, wherein a given location has been assigned to a time region in the given data graph and all data events within that time region may be augmented with location metadata automatically in the knowledge graph. Over time, a system utilizing these embodiments can offer comprehensive location-based data services and insights with a diverse set of data objects that exists and not all objects contain explicit location information.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel; a scan driver to provide scan signals to scan lines; an emission driver to provide emission control signals to emission control lines; and a readout circuit to receive a sensing signal from a readout line. The display panel includes: a first pixel in a first row, and connected to a first sub-scan line from among the scan lines, and a first emission control line; a first photo sensor in the first row, and connected to the first sub-scan line, a reset control line, and the readout line; a second pixel in a second row, and connected to a second sub-scan line from among the scan lines, and a second emission control line; and a second photo sensor in the second row, and connected to the second sub-scan line, a third emission control line, and the readout line.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes multiple LED modules, a driver and a wireless circuit. The driver for converting an external power to a driving current. The light source plate includes a first metal layer, an insulation layer and a second metal layer. The second metal layer has a larger thickness than the first metal layer. The first metal layer has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is used for electrically connecting the multiple LED modules. The second portion forms an antenna radiation part. The insulation layer is between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The wireless circuit electrically connected to the second portion of the first metal layer. The antenna radiation part is used as an antenna for receiving a wireless signal.

Abstract: A spectral power distribution (SPD) fusion lighting apparatus includes a first visible light source with a first SPD, a second visible light source with a second SPD, a driver circuit, and a controller. The first SPD is different than the second SPD markedly in a 50 nm wavelength range. The controller toggles the turning on of the first visible light and the second visible light at a frequency greater than 25 Hz. The first visible light source is turned on during one half of the duty cycle, whereas the second visible light source is turned on during the other half of the duty cycle. The first visible light source and the second visible light emit similar light outputs and have similar chromaticity coordinates on the CIE 1931 color space chromaticity diagram. In some embodiments a sound wave generator is used to generate a sound wave at the same frequency.

Abstract: Method for controlling an actuator connected via a wired network, the actuator including a first wired communication module, which is configured to communicate via the wired network, and a second wireless communication module, which is configured to be active or inactive, and a switch, the method comprising the following steps carried out by the actuator: activation of the second communication module triggered by the reception of a signal transmitted by an action on the switch or on another element of the wired network; transmission (EC102) by the actuator of an activity signal; —reception by the second communication module of a connection signal received from a third communication module; establishment of a wireless connection to a mobile terminal; reception of a control signal by the at least one actuator from the mobile terminal.

Abstract: There is provided an AC-DC converter circuit (100) for high power charging of an electrical battery. The circuit comprises an input rectifier comprising a first node and a second node. The input rectifier (110) is configured to receive an AC voltage at the first node (112) and provide a rectified voltage at the second node (114). The circuit further comprises a first transistor (120), comprising a first gate node (122), a first source node (124), and a first drain node (126). The first drain node is connected to the second node of the input rectifier. The first gate node is connected to a ground node (170). The circuit further comprises a second transistor (130), comprising a second gate node (132), a second source node (134), and a second drain node (136). The second drain node is connected to the first source node. The second transistor materially corresponds to the first transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a soft-start circuit for power-up, which includes a reference value generation circuit, a protection threshold generation circuit and a control circuit. The reference value generation circuit outputs a reference value, which increases slowly, during a start-up process for power-up. The protection threshold generation circuit outputs a protection threshold, which increases slowly, during the start-up process for power-up. The control circuit controls an output voltage to increase slowly along with the reference value based on the reference value, during the start-up process for power-up, and to limit an output current based on the protection threshold to limit the output voltage, during the start-up process for power-up. In this way, even if the output current must operate at the peak current, a smoother current output is realized, and operation at the maximum peak current for a long-time during start-up is not allowed.

Abstract: A non-emissive display includes a backlight controller sending a pulse during each sub-frame of a plurality of frames to row and column drivers that drive backlight zones. The row drivers count each pulse to keep a pulse count total, and reset the pulse count total when it is equal to a first number indicating how many row drivers are present. Each row driver activates its channels and waits for a next pulse if the pulse count total is not equal to the first number and if the pulse count total is equal to a second number indicating in which sub-frame that first driver is to be activated. Each row driver waits for a next pulse if the pulse count total is not equal to the first number and the second number. Each column driver activates its channel in response to receipt of each pulse.

Abstract: A light emitting device including a substrate, a first light emitter to emit light having a first color temperature, and a second light emitter to emit light having a second color temperature, in which the first light emitter has a first converter including first phosphors and a first resin, each first phosphor having different half-value widths, the second light emitter has a second converter including second phosphors and a second resin, each second phosphor having different peak wavelengths, at least one phosphor of the first converter has a half-value width of 33 nm to 110 nm, a distance between peak wavelengths of at least two phosphors of the second converter is 150 nm or less, and at least one phosphor of the first converter has a particle size of 5 um to 50 um.

Abstract: A system (1) for configuring a bridge (13) in a wireless lighting system (31), which has been commissioned, is configured to determine that a bridge has been added to the wireless lighting system. The wireless lighting system comprises a plurality of lighting devices (14-19). The system is further configured to obtain information relating to the plurality of lighting devices, analyze the information, and determine one or more groups of lighting devices based on the analysis. At least one of the one or more groups comprises multiple of the plurality of lighting devices. The system is further configured to configure the bridge with the determined one or more groups upon determining that the bridge has been added to the wireless lighting system.

Abstract: A lamp including a light source including at least one string of light emitting diodes (LEDs) within a tube body; end caps having contacts on each end of the tube body; driver electronics within the tube body including a filament detector portion provided by a passive resistance capacitor (RC) circuit that simulates the filament load of a fluorescent lamp when installed into a ballast containing fixture; and a power level selector switch in communication with the driver electronics for selecting the power level for powering the light source.

Abstract: A dimmer switch system for dimming a load includes a master dimmer structured to be electrically connected to a power source and the load and to control dimming of the load by regulating power provided from the power source to the load, and at least one accessory dimmer structured to be electrically connected to the master dimmer via a traveler conductor. The master dimmer is structured to generate a first control signal on the traveler conductor to indicate a type of the master dimmer, and the at least one accessory dimmer is structured to selectively enable or disable one or more functions of the at least one accessory dimmer based on the type of the master dimmer.

Abstract: A tri-proof lamp with replaceable sensor end cap includes a lamp body, an end cap, a light source board and a sensing module. The end cap is disposed at one end of the lamp body and includes a first portion and a second portion connected to each other. One end of the first portion has a cable outlet. The second portion has a connecting portion and a sensing portion connected to each other and the connecting portion is connected to the other end of the first portion. The light source board is disposed in the lamp body and includes a sensing module connecting port. The sensing module is disposed in the sensing portion and includes a sensing module plug connected to the sensing module connecting port.

Abstract: A modular socket (106, 306) for removably receiving a light-emitting diode (“LED”) driver (124, 324) and coupling the LED driver to LED(s) (104) is described herein and may include: a housing (108, 308); a power input interface (110, 310) to receive a supply voltage; a power output interface (120, 320) electrically coupled with the power input interface within the housing; an LED control input interface (128, 328) that is electrically coupled with one or more LEDs; and one or more mechanical engagement and locking structures (134, 334). Mechanical engagement of the mechanical engagement and locking structures with corresponding mechanical engagement and locking structures of the LED driver may simultaneously effect electrical coupling between: the power output interface and a power input interface (122, 322) of the LED driver, and the LED control input interface and an LED output interface (126, 326) of the LED driver.

Abstract: Provided are a solid-state lighting apparatus composed of a plurality of solid-state lighting units and a method of operating the same. Each solid-state lighting unit includes inter-unit communication modules, each module located on a corresponding side of the solid-state lighting unit and configured to communicate with an inter-unit communication module of a corresponding adjacent lighting unit connected to the lighting unit on the corresponding side. Each inter-unit communication module includes: a presence detector for detecting presence of the corresponding adjacent lighting unit; a presence indicator for indicating presence of a lighting unit to the corresponding adjacent lighting unit; an optical transceiver for communicating with corresponding optical transceivers in the corresponding adjacent lighting units. The solid-state lighting apparatus is operable to work in either a synchronous or a chain-effect mode.

Abstract: An LED power supply (100) configured to detect a characteristic of an input signal, includes a Buck power factor control circuit (D1, U1, Q1, D2, L1, C1) being configured to receive an input signal, the input signal (VAC) being referenced to a power ground, and to output an output signal, the output signal (Vout) being referenced to an output ground, wherein the output ground is level shifted with respect to the power ground; and a controller (106) configured to output an LED drive signal, the controller referenced to the output ground, wherein the controller is configured to determine the characteristic of the input signal according to a switching time of the Buck power factor control circuit, the switching time of the Buck power factor control circuit being determined by the controller according to a switching signal referenced to the output ground.

Abstract: A controller (110) for a lighting system (100) is provided. The controller is connectable to a plurality of light sources (120, 122) of different colors and/or different color temperatures, and to a user control element (130) configured to generate a user selected value from a range of user selectable values. The controller is configured to receive a change of the user selected value, and as a response to and corresponding to this change adjust a combined output of the plurality of light sources to produce a change in output color, color temperature and/or luminous flux of a combined light of the plurality of light sources. The change is such that, as function of the user selected value in separate first intervals of the user selectable values, the output color and/or color temperature is kept approximately constant while the luminous flux obtains a local minimum or local maximum in each first interval.

Abstract: A device, system, and method protect circuits of a lighting device. The lighting device includes a current source generating a current and a first load and a second load receiving the current. The lighting device includes an inductor positioned between the current source and the first and second loads that balances the current powering the first and second loads. The lighting device includes a detector monitoring a voltage peak of the first 5 and second loads. The lighting device includes a voltage controller receiving a reading of the voltage peak from the detector and determining when the voltage peak is at least a voltage peak threshold. The voltage controller is configured to adjust a setting for the current generated by the current source based on the reading of the voltage peak.

Abstract: A backlight module includes at least one light-emitting group, each of which comprises a main drive unit provided with a plurality of main signal transmission channels and a plurality of groups of light-emitting units. Each of the main signal transmission channels is connected to a group of the light-emitting units. The backlight module further includes an auxiliary drive unit and a controller connected to the main drive unit and the auxiliary drive unit. The auxiliary drive unit provided with a plurality of auxiliary signal transmission channels and the main drive unit are connected in parallel, the auxiliary signal transmission channels and the main signal transmission channels are arranged in parallel in one-to-one correspondence and connected to the group of light-emitting units. The controller is configured to control operating states of the main signal transmission channel and the auxiliary signal transmission channel according to a refresh frequency and gray-scale data.

Abstract: An LED lamp and it power source module are provided. The LED lamp includes an LED module and a power source module. The power source module includes two rectifying circuits, a filtering capacitor, a plurality of fuses, two filament-simulating circuits, and a discharge device. Each of the filament-simulating circuits is configured to allow a current to flow from one pin to the other pin via the corresponding first and second filament-simulating circuits during a pre-heat process executed by a ballast.

Abstract: A light supply method is provided. The light supply method includes: providing a first driving signal in a first time interval by a driver and providing a first time-varying light by a light source module in response to the first driving signal; providing a second driving signal in a second time interval after the first time interval by the driver and providing a first fixed light by the light source module in response to the second driving signal; and providing a third driving signal by the driver in a third time interval after the second time interval and providing a second time-varying light by the light source module in response to the third driving signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transceiver (1) for a local lighting system (L1), preferably a local lighting system based on the DALI-2 industry standard, comprising a bus (2) and a control unit (3) electrically connected to the bus (2) for controlling communication via the bus (2). The transceiver (1) comprises a transmitter (1a) configured to transmit wireless signals to a global lighting system (14) comprising one or more luminaires (L2 . . . LN), a receiver (1b) configured to receive wireless signals from the global lighting system (14), and a processing unit (1c) configured to process the received wireless signals from the global lighting system (14). The processing unit (1c) of the transceiver (1) is configured to convert the received wireless signals into bus signals such that the transceiver (1) behaves as an input device of the local lighting system (L1) when electrically connected to the bus (2).

Abstract: Described herein are systems, methods, devices, and other techniques for implementing smart windows, smart home systems that include smart windows, and user devices and applications for control thereof. A smart window, or photovoltaic window, may include a photovoltaic configured to generate electrical power from incident light onto the photovoltaic window, store the electrical power, and send the electrical power to an electronics package or various electrical loads including a wireless communication system, sensors, or window functions. The photovoltaic window may communicate with various smart home system devices such as hub devices and user devices, which may include the reception of control data at the photovoltaic window and the transmission of sensor data captured by the window sensors.

Abstract: Described herein is an embedded system comprising: at least one power domain comprising analogue and/or digital circuitry; at least one domain storage unit (166) for providing energy to the power domain; a main storage unit (172) for storing energy for provision to the at least one domain storage unit; power switches for controlling the flow of energy between the storage units of the circuit; and a power management unit operable to control the power switches to transfer energy from the at least one domain storage unit back to the main storage unit or to an additional domain storage unit of the system. Also described is a method for operating an embedded system.

Abstract: An image displaying apparatus with local dimming control with 2-line addressing is disclosed. The apparatus includes a display panel, a light-emitting diode (LED) backlight divided into a plurality of zones, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to couple a dimming data to the LED backlight. The zones of the LED backlight are driven by row enable signals and column driving signals based on the dimming data. Each individual column driving signal transmits a common brightness data, a first residual brightness data, and a second residual brightness data. A first row enable signal has a first enable pulse in a frame period, and a second row enable signal has a second enable pulse in the frame period. The first and second enable pulses are at least partially overlapped for reducing a pulse current of the LED backlight for enhancing a lifetime of the LED backlight.

Abstract: A light system for an evacuation slide may include a readiness indicator light assembly. The readiness indicator light assembly may comprise a first light emitting diode configured to emit a first color and a second light emitting diode configured to emit a second color. The light system may be configured to power the first light emitting diode after initial deployment of the evacuation slide and to power the second light emitting diode after the internal pressure of the evacuation slide is greater than a minimum pressure threshold.

Abstract: A light source driving device performs a switching control on a third switch of a second control unit by using a control signal of a fourth control unit (overvoltage protection circuit), so as to allow the third switch to be turned on by the control signal of the fourth control unit only in a partial section in which an overvoltage occurs, and then turns off the third switch, thereby quickly releasing the blocking of light emission from the light source so as to be capable of returning to a light emitting state.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a main module and an extended module. The main module includes a power circuit, a light source, a first network interface and a controller. The power circuit is controlled by the controller to generate a driving current supplied to the light source by converting an external power source. The extended module includes a function circuit and a second network interface. The function circuit communicates with the controller via the second network interface and the first network interface to add an extended function for the controller to enhance controlling of the light source. When the extended module is detachable from the main module, the main module is operated independently without the extended function.

Abstract: A micro LED display panel includes a driving substrate and a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (LEDs). The driving substrate has a plurality of pixel regions. Each of the pixel regions includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions. The micro LEDs are located on the driving substrate. At least one of the sub-pixel regions is provided with two micro LEDs of the micro LEDs electrically connected in series, and a dominant wavelength of the two micro LEDs is within a wavelength range of a specific color light. In a repaired sub-pixel region of the sub-pixel regions, only one of the two micro LEDs emits light. In a normal sub-pixel region of the sub-pixel regions, both of the two micro LEDs emit light.

Abstract: A lighting fixture includes an optoelectronic light source, for example, designed to illuminate a room, and a modulatable supply circuit that is connected to the optoelectronic light source, wherein a current through or a voltage applied to the light source may be modulated by the modulatable supply circuit. A data stream generator is connected to a modulation input of the supply circuit. A trigger element that is connected to the data stream generator and configured to deliver a first signal to the data stream generator in response to a comparison of a counter value with a threshold value and an event signal. The data stream generator may be configured to deliver a modulation signal to the modulation input in response to an event signal and to the first signal, and the modulation signal encodes position information relative to a reference point.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus is disclosed, comprising: a first light source having a first spectral light distribution with a first light intensity peak about a first peak wavelength, and a second light source having a second spectral light distribution with a second light intensity peak about a second peak wavelength being different from the first peak wavelength, a third light source having a third spectral light distribution with a main light intensity peak about a third peak wavelength being different from the first peak wavelength and from the second peak wavelength, wherein the illumination apparatus is configured to provide adjustment of light intensity of the first light source and of light of the second light source, wherein the illumination apparatus provides an adjustment of light intensity of the third light source to compensate for the adjusting of the relative light intensity between the first light source and the second light source.

Abstract: A dimmer comprising a controller and a wireless adapter coupled to the controller. The dimmer is connected to a LED lamp through a switched AC line. The controller is configured to send to the lamp user control information, and provisioning information for allowing the lamp to distinguish the control information transmitted by the dimmer from control information transmitted by other dimmers in the vicinity of the lamp. For performing the provisioning, the controller is configured, after turning-ON the lamp, to wirelessly transmit thereto, at a provisioning frequency F0, provisioning information comprising an identification of an RF frequency Fn that is preselected as the dimmer-specific frequency for controlling the lamp, and to vary the wireless transmit frequency from F0 to Fn for henceforth sending thereat the control information to the lamp.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a rectifier, a 0-10 V dimmer converter, a power circuit and a light source. The rectifier for receives an AC power from an AC input to generate a DC current. The TRIAC wall switch is selectively coupled to the AC input. The TRIAC wall switch is operated by a user with an first manual operation to suppress a portion of the AC power from the AC input corresponding to the first manual operation. The 0-10 V dimmer converter is selectively coupled to a 0-10 V dimmer. The 0-10 V dimmer converts a dimmer voltage of the 0-10 V dimmer to a dimmer signal corresponding to a second manual operation of the user. The power circuit is coupled to the 0-10 V dimmer converter and the rectifier to convert the DC current to a set of driving current. The light source includes multiple LED modules.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes multiple LED modules, a driver and a wireless circuit. The driver for converting an external power to a driving current. The light source plate includes a first metal layer, an insulation layer and a second metal layer. The second metal layer has a larger thickness than the first metal layer. The first metal layer has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is used for electrically connecting the multiple LED modules. The second portion forms an antenna radiation part. The insulation layer is between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The wireless circuit electrically connected to the second portion of the first metal layer. The antenna radiation part is used as an antenna for receiving a wireless signal.

Abstract: A network bridge for a lighting system is disclosed. For one example, a lighting system includes an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) cable, a light emitting diode (LED) driver, and wireless module coupled to the LED driver by way of the I2C cable. The LED driver is configured to control one or more LED light sources. The wireless module includes an antenna configured to receive a message according to any number of a plurality of wireless communication protocols. The wireless module is configured to process the message into an I2C data frame and to deliver the I2C data frame to the LED driver via the I2C cable, and the LED driver is configured to control a lighting application or one or more LED light sources based on an I2C data frame. The message can be a wireless communication protocol message such as a ZigBee message, Bluetooth message or WiFi message.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) filament structure includes a substrate, an LED chip unit, a first chromic layer, and a light conversion layer. The LED chip unit is disposed on the substrate, and includes first and second LED chips emitting different excitation lights. The first chromic layer covers the first and second LED chips. The light conversion layer covers the LED chip unit and the first chromic layer. The first chromic layer is configured to transition between an inactivated state and an activated state to prevent or allow the excitation light from the first or second LED chips to pass therethrough, so as to excite the light conversion layer to emit different excited lights having different color temperatures.

Abstract: A dimmable lamp tube is provided, which includes a first lamp head, a second lamp head and a lamp tube body. The first lamp head has a brightness adjustment switch. The second lamp head has a power adjustment switch. The lamp tube body includes a circuit board and a plurality of light-emitting elements. The light-emitting elements are disposed on the circuit board. The circuit board includes a brightness adjustment switch connection terminal and a power adjustment switch connection terminal. The brightness adjustment switch is connected to the brightness adjustment switch connection terminal and the power adjustment switch is connected to the power adjustment switch connection terminal.

Abstract: A luminous device includes a luminous module. The luminous module includes a plurality of LED chips, a driving chip and a package body. The driving chip is configured to selectively drive the LED chips to emit light. The driving chip includes a power pad, a plurality of LED pads corresponding to the plurality of LED chips respectively and a ground pad. The driving chip receives a power signal having a selecting signal and a luminous signal by the power pin, and determines the LED chips to emit light according to the luminous signal or not based on the selecting signal. The luminous device uses the power signal of selecting the LED chip as the driving power for driving the LED chips to emit light in the same time. The luminous device not only reduces the volume, but also saves the cost.

Abstract: A lamp including a light source including at least one string of light emitting diodes (LEDs) within a tube body; end caps having contacts on each end of the tube body; driver electronics within the tube body including a filament detector portion provided by a passive resistance capacitor (RC) circuit that simulates the filament load of a fluorescent lamp when installed into a ballast containing fixture: and a power level selector switch in communication with the driver electronics for selecting the power level for powering the light source.

Abstract: A network bridge for a lighting system is disclosed. For one example, a lighting system includes an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) cable, a light emitting diode (LED) driver, and wireless module coupled to the LED driver by way of the I2C cable. The LED driver is configured to control one or more LED light sources. The wireless module includes an antenna configured to receive a message according to any number of a plurality of wireless communication protocols. The wireless module is configured to process the message into an I2C data frame and to deliver the I2C data frame to the LED driver via the I2C cable, and the LED driver is configured to control a lighting application or one or more LED light sources based on an I2C data frame. The message can be a wireless communication protocol message such as a ZigBee message, Bluetooth message or WiFi message.

Abstract: A luminaire driver system comprising: a package with input connections for connection to a power supply and output connections for connection to a light emitting device; a predetermined set of circuits arranged in said package; said predetermined set of circuits being adapted to perform a driving functionality of the light emitting device; a receiving means configured for receiving a pluggable module comprising a further circuit, such that the pluggable module can be received from outside of the package, wherein the further circuit is connected to the predetermined set of circuits when the pluggable module is plugged in the receiving means; and connections which are connected to the further circuit when the pluggable module is plugged in the receiving means; wherein the connections are accessible by a user from outside of the package.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) circuit is disclosed haying a plurality of LEDs each having a respective current path. A controller may be included for controlling the LEDs. A first set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs are connected to respective first set transistors and a first current sink to drive a constant current through each of the first set of LEDs and the first set of LEDs includes one or more LEDs, and the LED circuit may include at least one second set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs that are connected such that the constant current in the first set of LEDs is duplicated. in the at least one second set of LEDs and the second set of LEDs includes one or more LEDs.

Abstract: A testing circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit has a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The first circuit is configured to transfer at least a portion of a first voltage across the first capacitor to the second capacitor. The second circuit has the first capacitor and the second capacitor. The second circuit is configured to transfer at least a portion of a second voltage across the second capacitor to the first capacitor.

Abstract: A light-emitting device package according to one embodiment comprises: a body including a through-hole formed in an upper surface and a lower surface; a light-emitting device arranged on the upper surface of the body and including first and second bonding units spaced apart from each other; and first and second metal units arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other on the rear surface of the body, wherein a partial area of each of the first and second bonding units overlaps with the through-hole in a vertical direction, the first and second metal units respectively includes first and second extension portions extending to the through-hole; the first and second extension portions is electrically connected to the first and second bonding units, respectively; and the first and second extension portions face each other within the through-hole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting device which is operable in two modes. In a first operating mode the flux of a lighting effect having a specified chromaticity is rendered based on the maximum (luminous) flux at which the chromaticity can be rendered by the lighting device. This can cause the maximum (luminous) flux across a range of colors that the lighting device can render to vary greatly. For example, a white color may be rendered at a far greater intensity than a primary color. In a second operating mode the specified chromaticity is rendered based on a predetermined maximum (luminous) flux for that specified chromaticity, or a color range that it is comprised in, or a predetermined maximum (luminous) flux for one or more color channels that are used in combination to render the light effect. This reduces the differences in maximum (luminous) flux of lighting effects rendered across the range of colors that are rendered by the lighting device.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display panel includes a pixel definition layer on a base substrate for defining a pixel having at least a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel; a first electrode in the first subpixel and the second subpixel; a first organic light emitting layer for emitting light of a first color in the first subpixel; a second organic light emitting layer for emitting light of a second color in the second subpixel; a second electrode on a side of the first organic light emitting layer and the second organic light emitting layer distal to the first electrode; a third organic light emitting layer for emitting light of a third color on a side of the second electrode distal to the base substrate; and a third electrode on a side of the third organic light emitting layer distal to the base substrate.