Abstract: A lighting system (100) including at least one controller (102) and a memory (104) containing program portions which configure the controller (102) to obtain weather forecast information including one or more of current and expected weather conditions over a period of time; determine one or more lighting settings based upon the weather forecast information; form lighting setting information in accordance with the determined lighting settings; and transmit the lighting setting information. The system (100) may include an illumination source (106) to provide illumination in accordance with the lighting setting information The system may change characteristics (e.g., illumination pattern, illumination intensity, illumination spectrum, illumination polarization,) of the illuminated source (106). The process may form lighting setting information to control one or more filters (130) in accordance with a desired lighting setting.

Abstract: Disclosed is an active constant power supply apparatus, which rectifies power having various intensities and frequencies without using a high capacity condenser for a smoothing circuit which degrades the power factor of a circuit, and supplies constant power to a load.

Abstract: A lighting system for areal illumination is disclosed which includes a remote driver and a plurality of fixtures including luminaires, control devices, and/or standalone sensors. The luminaires include a light source whose output light level can be adjusted, a light sensor co-located therewith adapted to measure light received from adjacent fixtures, and a microcontroller capable of transmitting the output of the light sensor over wires to the remote driver. The remote driver is capable of bidirectional communication with the luminaires and provides independently controllable power for the light sources of the luminaires. A movable orb region containing luminaires can also be defined and the light levels of individual luminaires can be set according to their location within the orb region.

Abstract: Provided is an LED driving circuit (4), including: an impedance detecting section (7) for detecting an impedance value of a phase-control type dimmer (2); and an impedance adjusting section (6) for adjusting an impedance of the LED driving circuit (4) based on the impedance value detected by the impedance detecting section (7).

Abstract: An illumination system includes a power supply having a boost converter operating in the discontinuous conduction mode, a flyback converter operating in the critical conduction mode, and a switch coupled to the flyback converter. Several light emitting diodes receive power from the power supply. The boost converter may include a boost inductor (LB) and a boost diode (DB), constructed to perform the boost power factor correction (PFC) function. The flyback converter may includes a flyback inductor (LFB) and a flyback diode (DFB) and the power supply may be constructed to turn on the switch around the point where the current flowing in the flyback inductor reaches zero value.

Abstract: A voltage converter with a sampling-hold and integrating circuit is provided herein. According to the minimum different value generated by the practical status of each of the illuminant channels in the LED backlight module, the sampling-hold and integrating circuit will generate an superposition voltage and the voltage converter can output different PWM signal to drive each of the illuminant channels in the backlight module. When the sampling-hold and integrating circuit of the voltage converter and the control device with adjusting pulse width function are embedded together to provide to the LED backlight module, the power saving is more convenient.

Abstract: A lighting system having at least three light sources receives an input relating to color coordinates of a target point representing a desired color characteristic for a combined output from the light sources. The system defines first-pass endpoints corresponding to color characteristics of the light sources when operated at respective maximum intensities. The system determines first-pass amounts of respective maximum intensity contributions from the light sources to achieve light of the target point. When dimming the light to an intensity proportion, the system determines first-pass driver settings from the first-pass amounts and the intensity proportion. The system defines second-pass endpoints corresponding to color characteristics of the light sources when operated at the determined first-pass driver settings.

Abstract: A current sense and feedback circuit is provided for a non-isolated Buck power converter to maintain constant current load regulation. The Buck converter may have a high side power switch and may include an input port, a switcher unit including a switch and a controller, an inductor coupled to the output, and a freewheeling diode for circulating the inductor current when the switch is open. The simplified current sense and feedback circuit of the power converter may include a current sense resistor module coupled to the freewheeling diode to provide a sense signal to the controller. The controller may also be coupled to the output of the power converter to sense an over voltage condition. The simplified current sense and feedback circuit may provide output regulation while maintaining a low component count, small size, and low loss that makes the power converter suitable for use in compact design applications.

Abstract: A system is disclosed to automatically establish proper biasing for light sources in a color mixed projection system having multiple light sources which are active at the same time. Responsive to a feedback signal, a single DC-DC converter generates the bias voltage for the light sources. Comparators compare a headroom signal for each light source to a reference value to generate comparator output signals. The comparator output signals are processed by a channel selector and a digital filter/DAC module. The channel selector controls a switch to selectively provide and combine a headroom signal with an output of the digital filter/DAC module to create the feedback signal. By monitoring each headroom value, the bias voltage is adjusted, based on the feedback signal, until every headroom signal reaches the reference value thereby achieving sufficient biasing for every active light source in the color mixed projection system.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a transformer comprising a primary side and a secondary side. A switch is coupled to the primary side. A control signal circuit is configured to: sample a first current on the primary side of the transformer; estimate a second current value on the secondary side of the transformer using the sampling of the first current on the primary side and a turn ratio of the transformer; and output a signal to control a turn on time for the switch.

Abstract: A temperature control method for light emitting diode (LED) is disclosed, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the present temperature of the LED during the light emission of the LED; obtaining a driving electric current corresponding to the present temperature based on the present temperature of the LED; and driving the LED based on the driving electric current. This invention further discloses a temperature control device for the LED and a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A light emitting system includes: first, second, and reference light emitting components having first, second, and reference forward voltages when driven under constant current, respectively; an instrumentation amplifier for generating a temperature detection voltage with a magnitude dependent on the reference forward voltage of the reference light emitting component; first and second compensation voltage modules each generating a respective one of first and second compensation voltages based at least on the temperature detection voltage; and first and second power control modules providing first and second driving currents through the first and second light emitting components according to the first and second compensation voltages and the first and second forward voltages, respectively.

Abstract: An analog electronic circuit for driving a string of LEDs including input terminals for accepting connection to AC voltage, a current regulation circuit operatively coupled to receive an AC voltage from the input terminals and to provide an output for connection to drive the string of LEDs. Included is a current regulation circuit configured to limit the current flow through the string of LEDs on a half-cycle basis to a predetermined value. Also disclosed is an over voltage circuit configured to switch off electrical connection between the AC voltage and the string of LEDs upon the AC reaching a predetermined high voltage value on a half-cycle basis.

Abstract: A lighting unit includes at least two channels of light sources, and a driver for the light sources. The driver includes a DC/DC converter and a control arrangement for controlling the current supplied to at least one of the two channels in response to a control signal produced by the DC/DC converter. Beneficially, a feedback loop controls a switching device in the DC/DC converter to maintain the light level produced by the light sources at a desired level regardless of changes in the supply voltage arid the load.

Abstract: Disclosed is an inductive load detection circuit for detecting the presence of an inductive load on a dimmer circuit. The detection circuit provides for enhanced detection of the inductive load by detecting voltage ringing resulting from a turn-off of a switching element in the circuit. The ringing can be enhanced by providing a faster turn-off rate in an initial period than a turn-off rate in a steady state period. Also disclosed is a dimmer circuit comprising the inductive load detection circuit.

Abstract: An LED drive circuit receives an alternating-current voltage and drives an LED. The LED drive circuit has a current extractor which extracts a current from the current supply line through which an LED drive current is supplied to the LED, and a timing adjuster which adjusts the current extraction start timing and the current extraction duration in the current extractor.

Abstract: The lighting device in accordance with the present invention includes: a switching regulator including a switching element and an inductor and configured to supply a direct current to a DC light source; a control circuit unit for controlling the switching element in accordance with a dimming signal for determining an on period in which the DC light source is kept turned on and an off period in which the DC light source is kept turned off to adjust luminance of the DC light source; a current detection unit configured to output a detection value indicative of a current flowing through the inductor; and a superimposing circuit unit. The circuit control unit, in the on period, turns off the switching element when an input value received via the input terminal for receiving the detection value exceeds a first threshold, and turns on the switching element when the input value falls below a second threshold, and keeps turning off the switching element in the off period.

Abstract: A LED lighting system includes: a power unit for providing a power supply source for the lighting system, a LED circuit connected to the power unit for illuminating the light emitting diodes of the LED circuit, a heat control unit connected between the power unit and the LED circuit for controlling heat as produced, and a heat dissipating device thermally connected to the heat control unit for outwardly dissipating the heat produced by the lighting system for preventing light attenuation or damage of the light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A wireless lighting module is disclosed. The wireless lighting module may include a light source, a controller configured to control illumination of the light source, a connector configured to provide power to an external device, and a battery configured to supply power to the light source, controller and connector.

Abstract: A flyback controller generates a switching signal for controlling delivery of current into a primary winding of a transformer in a flyback converter. The controller may include an output current monitoring circuit configured to generate a signal representative of an average output current in a secondary winding of the transformer based on a peak input current in the primary winding and a duty cycle of current in the secondary winding. The flyback controller may generate a switching signal that causes a chopped AC voltage from a dimmer control to be converted by the flyback converter into an average output current from a secondary winding of the transformer that is DC isolated from the chopped AC voltage and that varies as a function of the setting of the dimmer control. The flyback controller may not utilize a signal from an opto-isolator.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ballast in a circuit for a lighting application and connected to a mains power supply is disclosed. The method comprises determining whether a dimmer is present in the circuit; in response to detecting that a dimmer is present, determining a zero-crossing of the power supply and setting a bleeder current through the ballast in dependence on the phase of the power supply within a mains half-cycle; and in response to determining that a dimmer is not present, disabling the bleeder current. A ballast which is controlled by such a method is also disclosed. Additionally, a controller, which may include a digital signal processor, for a ballast and operable according to the above method is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a LED dimming method and a LED dimming system, wherein the LED dimming method comprises the following steps: A: calculating the equivalent current flowing through the LED in accordance with the duty cycle message of the input PWM signal; and B: regulating the current flowing through the LED to the equivalent current. Because the equivalent current flowing through the LED is calculated by the duty cycle message D of the input PWM signal while the duty cycle is not actually regulated, the present invention realizes the aim that the dimming uniformity is improved by linearly regulating the current flowing through the LED. Meanwhile, transformer noise will not be generated because current flows through the transformer in the overall dimming cycle.

Abstract: A lighting system according to embodiments includes a first light source, a second light source, a first lighting circuit, a second lighting circuit, a signal input unit, and a control circuit. The first light source has a predetermined color temperature. The second light source has a color temperature which is different from that of the first light source. The first lighting circuit lights the first light source. The second lighting circuit lights the second light source. The signal input unit receives an external signal. The control circuit includes a first light source lighting control cycle which performs a predetermined lighting control of the first light source, and a second light source lighting control cycle which performs a predetermined lighting control of the second light source, controls the first and second lighting circuits so as to start the lighting control.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to control of lighting systems at individual-light-fixture, local, regional, and larger-geographical-area levels. One embodiment of the present invention comprises a hierarchical lighting-control system including an automated network-control center that may control up to many millions of individual lighting fixtures and lighting elements, regional routers interconnected to the network-control center or network-control centers by public communications networks, each of which controls hundreds to thousands of individual light fixtures, and light-management units, interconnected to regional routers by radio-frequency communications and/or power-line communications, each of which controls components within a lighting fixture, including lighting elements, LED-luminaire drivers, sensors, and other devices.

Abstract: A lighting power source provides AC or DC power as needed to power an electric light source. A first switching element and a diode are coupled in series across output ends of a DC power source, with a second switching element coupled across the diode. An inductor forms an output loop with the diode. A driving capacitor has a first end coupled to a node between the first switching element and the diode. A charging power source is coupled to a second end of the driving capacitor and supplied with power from the DC power source. During a charging operation, a control circuit charges the driving capacitor by turning on the second switching element while maintaining the first switching element in an OFF state. During a normal operation which follows the charging operation the control circuit repeatedly turns on/off the first switching element while maintaining the second switching element in the OFF state.

Abstract: A lighting circuit that is for a lamp including an LED as a light source and that includes a resonant circuit that can be designed with ease. A lighting circuit 11 is for a lamp including a light-emitter 39 composed of an LED as a light source. The lighting circuit comprises: a rectifier circuit 31 that rectifies power supplied from an alternating current power supply via a base 28; an inverter circuit 33 connected to an output side of the rectifier circuit 31 and outputting alternating power to the LED; and a resonant circuit 35 connected to an output side of the inverter circuit 33, wherein the resonant circuit 35 includes an inductor L and a capacitor C1 and is connected in series with the light-emitter 39, the inductor L and the capacitor C1 being connected in series.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed for determining an actual temperature of a light emitting diode. The control system uses conductor that supply power to the light emitting diode to supply a pulse to the light emitting diode. The pulse is determined along with a reaction caused by the pulse and the information gained is used in determination of the light emitting diode die temperature which can then be used in controlling current to the light emitting diode to control the temperature of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a switch-mode regulator, and more particularly, to systems, devices and methods of using a switch-mode regulator to regulate an LED current to improve overall LED system efficacy and suppress power consumption of a dimmable LED illumination system. Both high and moderate brightness modes are implemented in an LED driver based on the switch-mode regulator. In the high brightness mode, the LED current is larger than a preferred LED current. In the moderate brightness mode, the LED current is smaller than the preferred LED current, and the LED driver sustains the preferred driver efficiency while the LED current remains as a direct current. Such a switch-mode power supply or regulator may also be used in applications other than the LED illumination system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to automated control of lighting systems at individual-light-fixture, local, regional, and larger-geographical-area levels. One embodiment of the present invention comprises a hierarchical lighting-control system including an automated network-control center that may control up to many millions of individual lighting fixtures and lighting elements, regional routers interconnected to the network-control center or network-control centers by public communications networks, each of which controls hundreds to thousands of individual light fixtures, and light-management units, interconnected to regional routers by radio-frequency communications and/or power-line communications, each of which controls components within a lighting fixture, including lighting elements, associated ballasts, sensors, and other devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic device, the electronic device comprising at least one LED, a driving unit for applying a driving algorithm for driving the LED during normal operation, and a measurement unit for determining a forward voltage of the LED by imposing a test current to the LED, the measurement unit being programmed for determining test current characteristics taking into account said driving algorithm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dimmable, multi-channel voltage/current source (47) with several outputs (CH1, CH2) for connecting an electrical load (10, 20), which provides a regulated direct current (I1, I2) at every output (CH1, CH2). The voltage source (47) comprises, for every output (CH1, CH2), a first dimming device (3), with which part of the current (I1?, I2?) flowing to the output (CH1, CH2) can be conducted to a reference potential (GND) and which in each case comprises a switch (17, 27) that is controlled by a first PWM signal, and a second dimming device (4) with a second switch (12, 22) that is arranged in series to the electrical load (10, 20) and which is controlled by a second PWM signal (open1, open2).

Abstract: A variable master current mirror circuit may be used to balance the currents through parallel Light Emitting Diode (LED) strings in an illumination module when the LED string with the largest forward voltage changes due to events, such as a short failure of an LED. The variable master current mirror circuit includes a switching circuit that is coupled to the parallel LED strings and a current mirror circuit that is coupled to the parallel LED strings and the switching circuit. The switching circuit switchably connects the LED string with the largest forward voltage to the current mirror circuit as a master LED string. The current mirror circuit maintains equal currents through the LED strings with reference to the current through the master LED string.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for controlling the amplitude of a current from a diode bridge into an EMI filter and LED array. Due to the manner in which certain dimmers (i.e., leading edge dimmers) operate, there is a delay on its output in transmitting a voltage when the voltage crosses zero.

Abstract: An electrical connector is provided for connecting a light emitting diode (LED) to a driver. The electrical connector includes a housing, a driver input contact held by the housing and configured to be electrically connected to a power output of the driver, and an LED output contact held by the housing and configured to be electrically connected to a power input of the LED. An electrical path is defined between the driver input contact and the LED output contact for supplying electrical power from the driver to the power input of the LED. The electrical connector includes a temperature monitor and control (TMC) module operatively connected to a temperature sensor for receiving a temperature associated with the LED. The TMC module is configured to control the flow of electrical power from the driver input contact to the LED output contact based on the temperature received from the temperature sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed are an LED lamp structure driven by double current and a double current driving method thereof. The LED lamp structure driven by double current includes a COB package, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The COB package is provided therein with a blue LED chipset to be driven by a first current and a red LED chipset to be driven by a second current. The temperature sensor detects the working temperature of the red LED chipset, and the controller performs dynamic adjustment on the second current according to the working temperature so as to stabilize the color temperature of the LED lamp structure. Thus, as soon as the LED lamp structure is activated, its color temperature will be stabilized to ensure user comfort, which may otherwise be disturbed by variation of the color temperature.

Abstract: A method for designing a lighting system, including: obtaining a selection of a color temperature (CT); obtaining, for the CT, a first spectral power distribution (SPD) corresponding to a low value color rendering index (CRI) and having a first plurality of peak wavelengths; obtaining, for the CT, a second SPD corresponding to a high value CRI and having a second plurality of peak wavelengths; and identifying a plurality of common peak wavelengths shared by the first SPD and the second SPD, where the lighting system includes a first plurality of light sources corresponding to the plurality of common peak wavelengths and a second plurality of light sources corresponding to a plurality of remaining peak wavelengths of the second plurality of peak wavelengths, and where the lighting system activates the second plurality of light sources in response to an event.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a light-emitting diode (LED) driver for controlling a static current supplied to an LED array connected to a secondary coil of a transformer by using the peak values of currents flowing through a power transistor, which may reside in a switching element connected to a primary coil of the transformer. In some embodiments, the LED driver is configured to control the static current that flows through the LED array using an AC voltage supplied to the primary side of the transformer. In some embodiments, the LED driver includes a power conversion unit, a switching unit, a transformer, and a system control unit. In some embodiments, the method of controlling the static current of the LED driver includes a current peak value detection step, a step output current calculation step, a static current mean value calculation step, and a gate control signal update step.

Abstract: A solid state light source driver circuit, system and method are provided. The driver circuit includes a rectifier circuit, an energy storage element coupled thereto, a current bleeder circuit coupled thereto, and a switch. The rectifier circuit receives AC input and provides unregulated DC voltage. The switch closes to couple some of the unregulated DC voltage to the energy storage element, and opens to transfer energy to drive the light source. A power factor controller circuit provides an output signal to control the switch. The current bleeder circuit provides supply voltage to the power factor controller circuit within a range and maintains a current flow associated with the AC input that exceeds a predetermined threshold. A constant off-time controller circuit provides a switching frequency control signal to the power factor controller circuit. An EMI filter reduces generated EMI noise.

Abstract: A constant current control circuit with multiple outputs for a LED driver, the circuit including a single-output constant current power supply, and multiple output circuits, each output circuit comprising a current sharing circuit, a current sharing control circuit and a LED load. The LED load and the current sharing circuit are in series and form a series loop with a first terminal and a second terminal of the series loop connected to a first output terminal and a second output terminal of the constant current power supply.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) module includes a body assembly, a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) having LEDs, and a power conditioning board having a controller. The PCBA and power conditioning board are encapsulated by the body assembly. The power conditioning board is driverless, i.e., characterized by an absence of a switching power supply, and includes a rectifier and reducer. The reducer detects an AC waveform zero-crossing and phase angle of AC line power, reduces the rectified voltage, and selectively turns the LEDs on or off using corresponding signals. The controller receives the reduced peak-to-peak rectified voltage from the reducer, adjusts operating parameters of the reducer in response to the phase angle and zero-crossing to illuminate or extinguish some/all of the LEDs and increase the power factor of the LED module, and adjusts the limiter to provide a constant power level to the LEDs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to power reforming methods and associated multiphase lights, especially to power reforming methods and associated multiple lights that selectively turn ON and OFF to reform current to follow voltage appropriately, which provides better heat dissipation, improving power factor and color mixing capability. The method comprises acts of rectifying an AC voltage to a pulsating DC voltage, synchronizing an internal time base signal to the pulsating DC voltage, setting pulse duration in a pulse period and turning ON and OFF of an electronic device. The device comprises at least two loads, a rectifier, at least two drivers and a controller.

Abstract: A LED driving apparatus includes an output stage, an input resistor, a plurality of voltage dividing resistors, and a control circuit. The output stage includes at least one LED. A first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, and a third voltage dividing resistor are coupled between a specific voltage and ground in series to divide the specific voltage. A LED current passing through the LED has a duty cycle changed with the specific voltage. The control circuit senses a first voltage signal, a second voltage signal, and a third voltage signal between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, between the second voltage dividing resistor and the third voltage dividing resistor, and the input resistor respectively, and adjusts a setting voltage signal according to the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal, and the third voltage signal.

Abstract: Integrated circuits, control methods, and related lighting systems are provided. One integrated circuit controls the currents flowing through light-emitting-diode chains, each having several light emitting diodes forward-connected between a main cathode and a main anode while all the main anodes are connected to a power node. The integrated circuit has a short detection node, a constant current source, a voltage clamping circuit, and a short-circuit comparator. The short detection node detects the highest cathode voltage of the main cathodes. The constant current source provides a constant current to the short detection node. While the light-emitting-diode chains are unlit, the voltage clamping circuit clamps the short detection node at a predetermined voltage. When the voltage of the short detection node exceeds a threshold voltage, the short-circuit comparator asserts a fault signal, indicating a short circuit of a light emitting diode.

Abstract: A lighting device is capable of realizing a stable dimming control in a wide range of light output. The lighting device includes a DC power circuit for providing power to a switching element of the lighting device. A current controller switches the switching element to enable a current to flow from the DC power circuit through a solid state light source and maintain the current from the DC power circuit through the solid state light source current controller at a predetermined current. The current controller includes a first switching controller operable to change a width of an on-pulse provided to the switching element and a second switching controller operable to determine a burst-on time during which the on-pulses determined by the first switching controller are provided to the switching element. The burst-on time is longer than an on-pulse period of the first switching controller.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process to dim a light emitting diode device of a motor vehicle. In order to keep changes of the light intensity from being noticeable, they must be appropriately small. Electronic dimmers with pulse width modulation have historically required a microcontroller with a pulse width modulation generator with at least 10 bits. In order to use cheaper controllers, the invention proposes that the pulse width signal be modulated as a function of a variable on-period and a simultaneously variable period length.

Abstract: Lighting devices are configured to communicate with one another and with external systems. Sensors located at such lighting devices communicate with the external systems and with others of the lighting devices. Lighting is controlled to maintain safety, to drive customer traffic within a retail facility, or to conserve energy. An application programming interface provides a common mechanism for control of various lighting device types.

Abstract: A light-emitting system includes first and second solid-state light-emitting components, a current source providing a constant current through the second solid-state light-emitting component, a first instrumentation amplifier detecting a second forward voltage across the second solid-state light-emitting component so as to generate a first detection voltage having a magnitude dependent on the second forward voltage, a compensation voltage module operable to generate a compensation voltage having a magnitude related to the second forward voltage according to the first detection voltage and two reference voltages, and a power control module detecting a first forward voltage across the first solid-state light-emitting component and providing a driving current therethrough that is dependent on the compensation voltage and the first forward voltage and that varies according to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a AC/DC or DC/DC power converter, a controller/processor electrically connected to the AC/DC or DC/DC power converter, a light emitting diode (LED) current control circuit communicably coupled to the controller/processor and electrically connected to the AC/DC or DC/DC power converter, and one or more LEDs electrically connected to the LED current control circuit.

Abstract: A decoration lamp with a speaker for correspondingly illuminating and speaking has a decoration body, multiple fixtures, multiple illumination units, a translucent cover, a speaker and a control device. The fixtures are mounted on the decoration body. The illumination units are mounted in the fixtures. The translucent cover is mounted on the decoration body to cover the illumination units. The control device sequentially activates the illumination units for changing the patterns and activates the speaker making voices for the patterns. The patterns and the voices change synchronously.

Abstract: Environmental characteristics of habitable environments (e.g., hotel or motel rooms, spas, resorts, cruise boat cabins, offices, hospitals and/or homes, apartments or residences) are controlled to eliminate, reduce or ameliorate adverse or harmful aspects and introduce, increase or enhance beneficial aspects in order to improve a “wellness” or sense of “wellbeing” provided via the environments. Control of intensity and wavelength distribution of passive and active Illumination addresses various issues, symptoms or syndromes, for instance to maintain a circadian rhythm or cycle, adjust for “jet lag” or season affective disorder, etc. Air quality and attributes are controlled. Scent(s) may be dispersed. Hypoallergenic items (e.g., bedding, linens) may be used. Water quality is controlled. Noise is reduced and sounds (e.g., masking, music, natural) may be provided. Passive and active pathogen controls are employed.