Abstract: A hybrid vehicle control apparatus for improving fuel consumption ratio by making appropriate the deceleration perception of the hybrid vehicle is provided. It is determined whether the flag setting of a brake ON determination flag is “1”. If the brake is OFF, a brake OFF regeneration amount is obtained, and is assigned to the deceleration regeneration computed value. It is determined whether a remaining batter charge is greater than or equal to a predetermined normal power generation mode execution upper limit remaining charge. In the case where the determination result is yes, it is determined whether a control vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a predetermined high speed deceleration regeneration reduction lower limit vehicle speed. In the case where the determination result is yes, the value obtained by multiplying the deceleration regeneration computed value by a predetermined high speed deceleration regeneration reduction coefficient, for example 0.

Abstract: Disclosed a vehicle speed control system using wireless communications, the system including a driving state detecting unit for detecting a driving state and outputting corresponding signals; a transmitter/receiver for outputting low-strength signals; an electronic control unit for receiving the signals of the transmitter/receiver and establishing an ISA mode if necessary, determining if a present driving state corresponds to a first driving state, determining if the driver has performed deceleration operations and performing control into the first driving state if needed; an engine control unit for outputting signals for control of the throttle valve opening; a throttle valve electronic control unit for outputting electrical signals to a throttle valve to control the same; and a display for displaying a present mode and a vehicle state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a motor drive controller for a vehicle having an engine and a motor disposed therein as a vehicle-propulsion system, the motor having both driving and power-generating functions, comprising: an engine controller for controlling a running state of the engine; motor controller for controlling both driving and power-generating states of the motor in a manner independent of control over the engine gained by the engine controller; engine speed-detector for detecting an engine revolution of the engine; and, engine load-detector for detecting an engine load. The motor controller includes a map defined by respective detection signals from the engine speed detector and the engine load-detector. The motor controller functions to provide alternative control between driving and power generation of the motor in response to a torque instruction value that is retrieved from the map.

Abstract: A motor drive apparatus is provided in an injection molding machine in order to supply electrical energy to a motor. The motor drive apparatus includes an electricity accumulation unit for accumulating electrical energy; and an electricity accumulation circuit for accumulating in the electricity accumulation unit electrical energy regenerated from the motor during a deceleration period of the motor and for supplying the electrical energy accumulated in the electricity accumulation unit to the motor during an acceleration period of the motor.

Abstract: A control apparatus applied to a hybrid vehicle is disclosed, by which the output assist by the motor with respect to the engine output can be limited or stopped in the high speed driving mode. The control apparatus comprises a section for stopping the operation of the motor from assisting the engine output when the engine output is assisted by the motor and the speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined first threshold value; and a section for starting the regenerating operation of the motor when the speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined second threshold value which is larger than the first threshold value.

Abstract: A regeneration control device of a hybrid electric vehicle can sufficiently charge a battery with power regenerated as a result of the regenerative braking and effectively perform the regenerative braking, and which can also ease the burden of a friction brake. If chargeable power set by a chargeable power setting device according to an actual level of the battery becomes lower than regenerated power computed by a regenerated power computing unit during the regenerating operation of a motor, the power regenerated by the motor is supplied to a generator. This drives the generator to cause an engine to run an engine brake without the supply of fuel.

Abstract: A third braking system for an electric motorcycle includes a circuiting apparatus and a mechanism. By depressing an electric-braking button on a switch part of a handle set, a braking signal will be generated and be sent to a signal transformer via an input device of the circuiting apparatus. The signal transformer transforms the braking signal into a digital signal, and then the digital signal is sent to a CPU. After processing the digital signal and detecting the voltage level at a variable resistor, the CPU stops the transmission of driving signals to a driving circuitry for disabling the operation of a speed-control handler of the mechanism, and the CPU also generates a reverse electric potential corresponding to the detected voltage level. The reverse electric potential is then applied to a DC motor via a braking circuitry, for reducing rotation speed of the DC motor to stop the motorcycle. To relieve the braking, the speed-control handler is rotated back to an original state.

Abstract: A braking system for an electric motor operated vehicle including a system for providing both regenerative and reverse excitation braking and shifting between the braking modes in response to operator demand.

Abstract: A braking system for a motor vehicle having braking wheels 16, 18, a service brake pedal, a friction braking system operative upon the braking wheels 16, 18 in response to actuation of the vehicle brake pedal 26, an anti-lock braking system cooperative with the friction braking system to control the friction braking force applied to the braking wheels 16, 18 upon detection of slippage of the braking wheels 16, 18, a regenerative braking system operative upon the braking wheels 16, 18 in response to actuation of the vehicle brake pedal 26 for selectively generating an applied regenerative braking force through the braking wheels 16, 18, and an ambient temperature sensor 52.

Abstract: Device for supplying electric current to at least one series-excitation motor, characterized in that it includes a chopper comprising a midpoint (M) linked to the rotor of the motor and to which are connected at least one first controlled static switch which is additionally connected to a voltage source for applying a supply current in traction mode to the electric motor and at least one second controlled static switch, additionally linked to earth, for closing a circuit for linking with a load for the motor operating in generator mode during braking and reverse-biased diode-type changeover-switching means for respectively allowing the supply current of the motor delivered by the first controlled static switch to pass in a first direction while the latter is conducting, and for allowing the current delivered to the circuit for linking with the load by the motor operating in generator mode to pass in a second direction through the second controlled static switch when the latter is conducting.

Abstract: A power tool including a braking and control circuit. The braking and control circuit includes a microcontroller-based control means circuit. The microcontroller assures control of switch means, such as triacs, switches and relays, and ensures that braking is effectuated regardless of the phase in the power cycle of the alternating current. Also, the microcontroller is programmable so that the braking and control circuit accommodates different braking conditions for different power tools and accommodates combinations of braking conditions for the same power tool. Further, the microcontroller is programmable to configure the braking and control circuit so that the braking force applied to the motor and the stopping time of the motor are regulated and adjustable. This may be accomplished by outputting a control signal so that the switch means skips cycles in the alternating current or by otherwise adjusting the operation of the switch means.

Abstract: A circuit and method for controlling a rotating machine (11) in the constant horsepower range above base speed uses an inverter (15) having SCR's (T1-T6) connected in series with the primary commutation switches (Q1-Q6) to control turn off of the primary commutation switches and to protect the primary commutation switches from faults. The primary commutation switches (Q1-Q6) are controlled by a controller (14), to fire in advance or after a time when the back emf equals the applied voltage, and then to turn off after a precise dwell time, such that suitable power is developed at speeds up to at least six times base speed.

Abstract: In a method for braking an electric drive motor, especially a drive motor for driving a grooved drum of a winding head of a bobbin winding machine which motor is loaded for braking in a direction opposite to a rated nominal current with a braking current, the instantaneous thermal load of the drive motor is detected and the strength of the brake current is selected as a function of this thermal load of the drive motor.

Abstract: A regenerative braking system for generating a regenerative torque depending on a predetermined torque command in an electric motor has a current detector, a voltage detector, a rotational speed detector, a target generated power calculating unit for calculating a target generated power from the voltage of a power supply of the electric motor, the rotational speed of the electric motor, and a predetermined torque command, an actual generated power calculating unit for calculating an actual generated power of the electric motor from the armature current of the electric motor and the voltage of the power supply of the electric motor, a manipulative quantity calculating unit for calculating a manipulative quantity to eliminate the difference between the target generated power and the actual generated power from the difference according to a feedback control process, and a regenerative control unit for controlling the armature current of the electric motor depending on the manipulative quantity upon regenerative

Abstract: Problems of a dead-time due to a make-contact delay time until the closure of the regeneration contactor and a drop of torque occurring in the prior art controller for an electric vehicle are solved by the invention, thereby providing an improved drive feeling during transition from its regenerating braking to plugging braking. Specifically, a regeneration contactor's contact voltage is entered to the arithmetic unit, upon set-up of a condition for stopping the regenerating braking, the control for closing the regeneration contactor is executed, and immediately upon detection of the actual closure thereof, the switching operation is cut off at a timing faster than the switching cycle thereby allowing for the transition to the plugging braking to be enabled.

Abstract: A brake mechanism includes a reduction gear train, a motor structure, and a braking means. The reduction gear train transmits at least a rotation force in a first rotational direction supplied from a drive source. The reduction gear train is imparted with a returning tendency in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction. The motor structure has an output shaft rotatably connected to the reduction gear train. The braking means has field magnets, an armature coil, a braking circuit, and either one of a fixed resistor, a variable resistor, a rectifying diode, a Zener diode, a varister, a constant-current diode, a light-emitting diode, and a lamp bulb.

Abstract: A regeneration control device for a hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, driving wheels drivable by the internal combustion engine, a motor for additionally supplying electric power for driving the driving wheels, a transmission between the engine, motor and driving wheels and an accumulator for supplying electric power to the motor, which causes the motor to work, while braking the vehicle, as a generator whose output is returned to the accumulator which in turn stores electric energy regenerated depending upon the deceleration degree.

Abstract: In a drive unit for a hybrid vehicle, a generator-motor is arranged on a first axis and a drive motor is arranged on a second axis in parallel with the first axis. A drive unit casing houses the generator-motor, the drive motor, an inverter unit for the generator-motor and the drive motor and a smoothing condenser for smoothing power source voltage of the inverter unit. The inverter unit is attached to the drive unit casing and is diametrically disposed relative to the generator-motor and the drive motor. The smoothing condenser is attached to the inside of the drive unit casing from which an end portion thereof projects. The inverter unit can be attached to the drive unit casing as a subassembly. By the invention, the drive unit can be made more compact, and the wiring can be simplified.

Abstract: A kinetic energy regenerating device for an electric motor bicycle by using an electric motor for rear wheel driving and is utilized as a dynamo.

Abstract: There is disclosed a controller for an electric vehicle that allows for securing a sufficient battery capacity and is able to substantially avoid giving an uncomfortable feeling to the crew even if an engine for power generation is started. The controller comprises a power generation control unit which makes a generator of the electric vehicle generate electric power by starting a generator-driving engine of the electric vehicle in the case that an SOC (state of charge) of a battery of the electric vehicle is equal to or less than a first value, and further makes the generator generate the electric power by starting the generator-driving engine in the case that the SOC of the battery is equal to or less than a second value larger than the first value and a predetermined condition is satisfied. Further, an electric vehicle provided with such a controller is also disclosed.

Abstract: A controlling apparatus for a hybrid car can arbitrarily select whether the hybrid car should be powered principally with an engine or principally with a generator-motor, depending upon driving conditions.

Abstract: A control system controls a hybrid vehicle having an engine for rotating a drive axle, an electric motor for assisting the engine in rotating the drive axle with electric energy and converting kinetic energy of the drive axle into electric energy, and an electric energy storage unit or a capacitor for supplying electric energy to the electric motor and storing electric energy outputted by the electric motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling regenerative energy from an induction motor. The induction motor is connected to a battery, which is intended to capture the regenerative energy of the induction motor. Normally, the induction motor is operated at peak efficiency, to capture as much energy as possible. However, when the battery becomes nearly fully charged, the induction motor is operated at reduced efficiency to prevent overcharging of the battery. The operating point of reduced efficiency of the induction motor is a point at which electrical losses are relatively more located in the stator of the motor than in the rotor of the motor. The stator of an induction motor is generally better cooled than the rotor.

Abstract: An apparatus for regenerating energy from the dynamic interactions between the ground and a running vehicle consisting of means (1, 2) for transforming the energy of the movement of at least one suspension or shock absorber of the vehicle into electrical energy which can be stored in batteries (7) located in the vehicle or, alternatively, into mechanical work; in the latter case, there are additionally provided means (22, 23) for storing said mechanical work under the form of elastic potential energy in the vehicle.

Abstract: A drive for an electric vehicle includes by forming a drive unit 8 having a transmission by combining a single propelling motor 7 with the transmission, respectively interconnecting the drive unit 8 with propelling wheels to be a drive wheel, and separately controlling the drive units 8. Besides, traveling speed detecting means are provided on the respective drive units 8, 8, and the respective drive units are simultaneously controlled according to a revolution signal from one of the traveling speed detecting means. A method for controlling an electric vehicle by separately controlling the drive units 8, 8, making the output torque of the motor zero or minimum during the gear change, and producing again the output torque of the motor after completing the gear change.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle drive system including an engine, an electric motor operated by an electric energy stored in a storage device charged by operation of the engine, and a controller for selecting a low-load drive mode for driving the vehicle by the electric motor when the vehicle running condition is in a predetermined low-load range, and a high-load drive mode for driving the vehicle by the engine when the running condition is in a predetermined high-load range in which a load acting on the hybrid drive device is higher than that in the low-load range, and wherein the controller includes an emergency drive control device operated in the event of a failure of the first and second drive power sources, for operating the other, normal drive power source to drive the motor vehicle, and a range changing device for changing one of the low-load and high-load ranges which corresponds to the normal drive power source when the normal drive power source is operated by the emergency drive control device.

Abstract: A solid state motor starter, commonly referred to as a soft starter, is constructed in a manner to be easily manufacturable while at the same time combining all the required components in a relatively small package. A solid state power switch is clamped between a pair of bus bars in an offset manner to accommodate a discrete switching relay mounted in an inverted manner between the line input and the bus bar in communication with the load outputs. When in a motor run node, current is shunted away from the solid state power switching device and through the switching relay, a substantially linear current path is achieved to reduce power loss and heat buildup. The arrangement allows for a heat sink mounted to one of the bus bars with adequate spacing between the heat sink and the discrete relay for insertion of a cooling fan. Current sensing is achieved with a Hall effect sensor mounted to the bus bar in a small current sensing region that is created by having a pair of slots in the bus bar to direct current.

Abstract: An energy management system for optimizing low power and short term high power states of a power supply system. A significant feature of the present invention relates to a design of a power supply apparatus based on internal resistances of the power supply components. In an exemplary embodiment, the power supply supplies power for driving a load. The power supply includes a power source having a first internal resistance and includes a capacitor connected in parallel with the power supply and having a second internal resistance. The first internal resistance and the second internal resistance have a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of electric motor controls for electric power assisted vehicles. The controls all provide for regenerative braking to be automatically enabled upon the sensing of a failure in the control system. The regenerative braking is, however, discontinued once the vehicle stops so that it can be easily pushed by hand without drag from the electric motor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a frequency converter for an electromotor with an intermediary circuit, in which a braking circuit with a switch and a load is arranged. With such a frequency converter, it is possible to ease the demands on protection measures, even though the load is placed outside the frequency converter. For this purpose the load is galvanically separated from the intermediary circuit.

Abstract: A motor/generator and drive wheel are connected to an engine, and the drive wheel is driven by the engine and motor/generator according to running conditions. A sensor which detects a slip of the drive wheel and a sensor which detects a depression of an accelerator pedal are provided, and the motor/generator is operated as a generator when the accelerator pedal is depressed and the drive wheel has slipped. Further, a spin of the drive wheel is prevented by increasing the rotation resistance of the motor/generator according to the frictional coefficient of the road surface.

Abstract: A D.C. motor-generator and an electric double layer capacitor are fixedly connected directly to each other and a rotary shaft of the motor-generator is rotated in one direction by an external force to generate D.C. electric energy which is stored in the electric double layer capacitor. By supplying the electric energy from the electric double layer capacitor to the D.C. motor-generator, the stored electric energy can be discharged as mechanical rotation energy. By deriving the stored energy as electric energy, an emergency power source can be provided.

Abstract: A control system controls a hybrid vehicle having an engine for rotating a drive axle, an electric motor for assisting the engine in rotating the drive axle with electric energy and converting kinetic energy of the drive axle into electric energy, and an electric energy storage unit for supplying electric energy to the electric motor and storing electric energy outputted by the electric motor. The control system has a deceleration demand sensor for detecting a deceleration demand for the hybrid vehicle, a braking sensor for detecting whether the hybrid vehicle is braked or not, and a decelerating regenerative control unit for causing the electric motor to regenerate electric energy when the deceleration demand sensor detects the deceleration demand.

Abstract: A control apparatus by which a duty ratio in consideration of how energy stored in storage cells is consumed is set to ensure a steady traveling feeling, a regeneration brake which can produce stable braking forces regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and a protective device by which a plurality of operation stop levels are set to be able to cancel the stop operation effected for the first time and to ensure reliable alarming, are provided. In the first and second embodiments, a chopper duty ratio is compensated depending on how storage cells are consumed, to provide a steady agreeable traveling feeling. In the third embodiment, regenerated electric power is consumed by a motor driving circuit to stabilize operation of a regeneration brake regardless of how storage cells are consumed, and improve performance thereof.

Abstract: A torque shock alleviating device in a hybrid vehicle utilizing both an engine and an electric motor as drive sources, whereby a torque shock is not generated when the rich-spiking of the air-fuel mixture is carried out in order to restore the adsorbing ability of an NOx adsorbing device in the hybrid vehicle. When an engine is operated in a lean burn manner, NOx in an exhaust gas is adsorbed to an NOx adsorbing device provided in an exhaust passage. When the adsorbing ability of the NOx adsorbing device reaches a saturated level, a rich-spiking for temporarily enrichening the air-fuel mixture of the engine is carried out to restore the adsorbing ability of the NOx adsorbing device. When the output torque from the engine is increased by the rich-spiking, a regenerative braking force is generated in a motor, thereby moderating the increase in output torque from the engine by such regenerative braking force to alleviate the torque shock.

Abstract: A drive current and a regenerative current are alternately applied to a motor during a PWM (pulse width modulation) time period. The regenerative current is produced by an electromagnetic induction of an armature and flows in the opposite direction as the drive current. Therefore, a rotating speed of the motor is reduced, so that a speed-reduction following characteristic for the motor is improved. By varying the duty factor, the lengths of time during which the drive current and the regenerative current are flowing can be controlled. Thus, the speed of the motor can be controlled.

Abstract: A power down brake latch circuit for dynamically braking a spindle motor in a disk drive system is disclosed. The power down brake latch circuit includes a reservoir capacitor, a smoothing capacitor, a timing circuit, and a logic circuit. The timing circuit includes a voltage divider and a bandgap comparator. The smoothing capacitor absorbs a BEMF voltage from the spindle motor as it rotates after losing power. The timing circuit generates a first signal when a voltage on the smoothing capacitor falls below a threshold. The logic circuit brakes the spindle motor in response to the loss of power and the generation of the first signal.

Abstract: The invention discloses a power unit (1) which comprises: an accumulator battery (2); an electric converter (3) supplied by said accumulator battery (2); an electric motor (30) supplied by said converter (3); a hydraulic pump (4) mechanically connected to said electric motor (30), suited to put under pressure a liquid (50) which supplies one or more actuators (9) in order to lift a load (11) connected to them. Said pump (4) is of the reversible type and operates as a hydraulic motor suited to drive into rotation said electric motor (30) which operates as a generator supplying said battery (2) by means of said converter (3) whenever the descent by gravity of the load (11) supported by said one or more actuators (9) puts under pressure the oil held therein which passes through said pump (4) entering from the delivery opening (42) and coming out of the inlet opening (41).

Abstract: The chopping power controller reduces switching error due to the noise in the current detected signal. The chopping power controller includes a switching member (18a) for supplying power to an electric load (1a) and a current sensor (2) for detecting electric current flowing through the electric load (1a). The detected electric current is compared by a comparator (16a, 30a) to a target value. The output from the comparator is supplied to a filter (23) for outputting identical signal (k) as the comparator (16a, 30a) after the comparator (16a, 30a) keeps the same level signal for a period of time. The switching member (18a) is turned off when the detected electric current continuously exceeds the target value for the period of time set at the filter (23). The filter (23) may removes the noise which has a shorter period than that of the filter (23). In other words, the filter (23) removes high frequency noise from the comparator (16a, 30a) in order to turn off the switching member (18a) accurately.

Abstract: A controlled stop system for an AC electric locomotive includes a braking effort control circuit responsive to a braking command regulating braking effort produced by AC traction motors coupled in driving relationship to wheels of the locomotive. The control circuit is responsive to a vehicle speed signal for adjusting motor operation to maintain braking effort to about zero speed. A filter processes the speed signal before application to the braking effort control circuit such that the control circuit operates as a speed regulator at zero speed to maintain the vehicle in a stopped condition.

Abstract: A control system for a hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, a drive shaft driven by the engine, a motor having an assisting function of driving the drive shaft by operating on electrical energy and a regenerating function of converting kinetic energy of the drive shaft to electrical energy, and an electrical storage device for supplying electrical energy to the motor and for storing electrical energy output from the motor. An amount of remaining charge in the electrical storage device is detected. A driver demanded output of the engine is calculated based on operating conditions of the engine. Running resistance of the hybrid vehicle is calculated based on running conditions of the hybrid vehicle. A required extra output of the engine is calculated based on a relationship between the driver demanded output of the engine and the running resistance of the hybrid vehicle. A desired output of the motor is calculated based on the extra required output of the engine.

Abstract: An electric vehicle is controlled to conform its operation to that of a conventional internal-combustion-engine powered vehicle. In some embodiments, the charging of the batteries by the auxiliary source of electricity and from dynamic braking is ramped in magnitude when the batteries lie in a state of charge between partial charge and full charge, with the magnitude of the charging being related to the relative state of charge of the battery. The deficiency between traction motor demand and the energy available from the auxiliary electrical source is provided from the batteries in an amount which depends upon the state of the batteries, so that the full amount of the deficiency is provided when the batteries are near full charge, and little or no energy is provided by the batteries when they are near a discharged condition. At charge states of the batteries between near-full-charge and near-full-discharge, the batteries supply an amount of energy which depends monotonically upon the charge state.

Abstract: A power output apparatus (20) of the present invention includes a clutch motor (30), an assist motor (40), an engine (50), and a controller (80) for controlling the clutch motor (30) and the assist motor (40). Auxiliary machinery driven by the rotation of a crankshaft (56), such as a cooling pump (104) and a P/S pump (106), are connected directly or via a belt (102) to a crankshaft (56B) of the engine (50). When the assist motor (40) rotates a drive shaft (22) only with electric power stored in a battery (94) under the non-operating condition of the engine (50), the clutch motor (30) applies a torque of rotational motion TST to the crankshaft (56) to rotate the crankshaft (56) at a predetermined revolving speed. This structure allows the crankshaft (56) to be rotated even when the engine (50) is at a stop, thereby supplying the required power to drive the auxiliary machinery.

Abstract: A regenerative brake controller for controlling a value of regenerative braking torque to simulate engine braking torque. When the shift lever is in the D range, from a first control map which correlates the vehicle speed and the like with target braking torque or target deceleration, the controller reads the target braking torque or target deceleration corresponding to the vehicle speed immediately before the release of the accelerator pedal, and controls the vehicle components on the basis of the read target braking torque or target deceleration such that the regenerative braking torque corresponding to the engine braking torque is produced.

Abstract: The arrangement or apparatus for operating a magnetically suspended, electromotoric drive apparatus in the event of a mains disturbance comprises a drive converter feeding the drive apparatus, a driver feeding a magnetic bearing and a voltage converter, which are connected to a common intermediate circuit. The voltage converter feeds a stopping control apparatus and the drive converter can be switched to a regeneratively acting mode of operation by the stopping control apparatus in the event of a mains disturbance in order to provide at least the driver feeding the magnetic bearing and the stopping control apparatus with electrical energy via the intermediate circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a current control apparatus for a DC motor system having a motor field coil and a motor armature and driven by the power of a battery, and a chopper transistor for controlling the amount of the current supplied to the DC motor from the battery, which current control apparatus has current amplifying means for detecting the current amount at the rear end of the motor and amplifying the current value; on-off control means for comparing the input current with the current supplied from the current amplifying means and outputting an on-off control signal according to the current amount; and a microcomputer for controlling the duty value of the pulse wave of a predetermined frequency occurring in accordance with the on-off control signal from the on-off control means and controlling the on-off time of the chopper transistor.

Abstract: A vehicle sliding door opening/closing control device includes a trouble detecting circuit for detecting a trouble in a control unit which is used for controlling operation of a motor to drive a vehicle sliding door in opening and closing direction, and switching unit responsive to detection of a trouble in the control unit by the trouble detecting circuit for shorting power input terminals of the motor, and after the lapse of a predetermined time, opening the power input terminals of the motor. Upon detection of the trouble in the control unit, the power input terminals of the motor are shorted so that the motor is kept in a locked state. In this instance, if the sliding door is moving at a high speed, it is possible to apply braking to the sliding door. Thereafter, after the lapse of the predetermined time, the switching unit opens the power input terminals of the motor to release a lock on the motor, thereby allowing the sliding door to be displaced by manual.

Abstract: A control system for a hybrid vehicle ensures the best possible utilization of onboard energy resources for different operating conditions of the vehicle. The control system utilizes a strategy modified in real time depending on the input from sensors measuring vehicle speed, the current and voltage levels at different locations in the system. The vehicle has an auxiliary power unit, at least one energy storage device and at least one electric drive motor for traction. The vehicle has a high load driving condition, a low load driving condition and a regenerative braking condition. A voltage control sets system voltage to a charging voltage in the low load condition and regenerative braking condition, and sets system voltage to an output voltage from the energy storage device for the high load condition.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle having a synchronous motor as the driving source, a control system and a control method for the electric vehicle can prevent over current in the main circuit or over charging of the battery at the re-closing of an opened inverter relay and is always capable of operating the power-train system in a better condition. A control method for an electric vehicle having an inverter for supplying a direct current electric power from a battery to the synchronous motor, a smoothing capacitor, connected to the inverter in parallel for smoothing the direct current electric power, an inverter control circuit and an inverter relay for connecting and disconnecting the inverter and the smoothing capacitor to and from the battery. The inverter is controlled so as to prevent current from flowing into or flowing out of the inverter until the re-closing operation of the inverter relay is completed when the opened inverter relay is re-closed.

Abstract: Direct current (DC) solid state series wound motor drives for hoist and crane applications. A microprocessor controlled electronic system is employed to control the speed, direction, acceleration and deceleration of a direct current DC solid state series wound motor drive for a hoist or a crane (bridge or trolley). The operation can be via an operator, radio remote, or computer communication link. The system requires a speed and direction command from the operator controls; it then configures the motor and varies the speed while offering certain protection circuits. The DC series wound motor drive includes a DC series wound motor comprising an armature and a series wound field that is supplied with DC voltage power from an external source. The DC voltage power supply can either be generated DC or rectified alternating current (AC). High speed insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switching elements are provided.