Abstract: An angle estimator includes correction means for correcting a phase of an error parameter to obtain a corrected error parameter and estimation means for calculating an estimated speed and an estimated angle of the motor based on the corrected error parameter. The error parameter is a function of an angle error representing a difference between an actual angle and an estimated angle of a motor.

Abstract: An inverter unit includes a first temperature detector that detects a first temperature of at least one of semiconductor elements and a periphery of the semiconductor elements, current detectors that detect a current of a motor, and a controller that switches a modulation mode of the motor to a two-phase modulation mode or a three-phase modulation mode on the basis of a detection result of the first temperature by the first temperature detector and detection results of the current by the current detectors.

Abstract: A vehicle performs first PWM control of generating a first PWM signal of a plurality of switching elements to switch the plurality of switching elements by comparing voltage commands of phases based on a torque command with a carrier voltage when a target operating point including a rotation speed and the torque command of the motor is outside a predetermined area, and selects and performs second PWM control of generating a second PWM signal of the plurality of switching elements to switch the plurality of switching elements based on a modulation factor of a voltage and a voltage phase based on the torque command and the number of pulses in a predetermined period of an electrical angle of the motor or the first PWM control when the target operating point is inside the predetermined area.

Abstract: An electronic pump includes a controller. The controller includes a power input terminal, a printed circuit board, a motor driver and a microprocessor. The power input terminal, the microprocessor and the motor driver are spaced from each other by an electronic clearance and are fixedly connected to the printed circuit board. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the motor driver by the printed circuit board. The motor driver drives a motor to rotate based on a drive control signal from the microprocessor. There is no motor drive circuit composed by discrete components and configured to drive the motor to rotate separately arranged on the printed circuit board between the motor driver and a motor.

Abstract: An electric motor, in particular a printed circuit board, having a stator, and a linearly guided rotor. On the rotor, a bolt ring having a number of bolts is attached. A cycloidal disc is connected in engagement to the bolt ring. An electrical circuit is also provided having a printed circuit board and an electric motor which is attached to the circuit board.

Abstract: When electricity is supplied sequentially one by one to coils with a plurality of coil phases provided in a stator of a brushless DC motor, detection is made on a difference of signals corresponding to currents flowing respectively to coils with another plurality of coil phases coupled to the electrically conductive coil phases due to an effect of a magnetic flux of a stopped rotor. A stop position of the rotor with respect to the stator is determined, based on the relationship between a result of the detection operation and a coil phase in association with each other.

Abstract: A variable-speed direct current motor comprising a stator (22), a rotor (23) arranged within the stator, and a motor drive device (40) arranged partly at the stator and partly at the rotor, wherein the stator comprises a yoke (25) defining a cylindrical cavity (31), and a plurality of permanent magnets (24) arranged at the yoke, wherein the rotor comprises a cylindrical core (26) and a conductor structure (47) arranged at the core, wherein the motor drive device comprises an alternating current transformer (41) having a primary winding (42) arranged at the stator and a secondary winding (43) arranged at the rotor, a rectifier device (44) arranged at the rotor and connected with the secondary winding, a direct current supply device (45) arranged at the rotor (23) and connected with the rectifier device (44), and with the conductor structure (47), and an operation control device (48) comprising a first unit (49) arranged at the rotor (23) and a second unit (50) arranged externally of the rotor and wirelessly co

Abstract: An electric drive for a vehicle uses an inverter circuit configured to provide a multi-phase AC drive signal to an electric machine according to a PWM drive signal. A PWM controller monitors an operating point of the electric drive and is configured to identify an operating region of the electric drive from a plurality of predetermined regions in response to the monitored operating point. A sequence memory stores a plurality of sequences, each sequence optimized for a respective one of the predetermined regions to reduce audible noise and switching losses. The PWM controller generates the PWM drive signal according to a respective sequence corresponding to the identified operating region. Thus, the reduction of audible noise and switching losses is optimized based on torque and/or speed of the motor.

Abstract: An electric motor controller for controlling an electric motor and methods of determining a loss of phase condition for at least one phase of three-phase input power provided to an electric motor controller are provided. The controller is configured to obtain phase sample data representing an input power electrical characteristic for at least one phase of three-phase power received by the controller and receive direct current (DC) bus data representing a measured DC bus electrical characteristic. The controller is also configured to calculate a ratio between the phase sample data and the DC bus data, and determine that a loss of phase condition exists for a phase of the three-phase power when the ratio exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A disk drive thermal performance testing device includes a drive housing, an electrical connector and an adjustable power loading device. The drive housing is at least partially made of a thermally conductive material. The electrical connector is in the drive housing and provides an external connection. The adjustable power loading device is located in the drive housing, is coupled to the electrical connector, and is thermally coupled to the drive housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods associated with an HVAC system and a multi-functional ECM motor for use in the HVAC system are disclosed. The motor controller of the ECM motor includes a microprocessor, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion. The tap detection circuit is coupled to several tap input lines. The motor also includes first and second AC input wires, a common wire, a ground wire, a first jumper wire and a second jumper wire. Each tap input line is coupled to the first input terminal of one current sensing unit. The first jumper wire is coupled to the second AC input wire, and the second jumper wire is coupled to the common wire. By coupling different wires of the ECM motor differently when replacing a PSC motor than when replacing ECM motors, the ECM motor is configured to replace PSC motors and ECM motors in HVAC systems.

Abstract: A motor includes a frame, a shaft rotatably mounted onto the frame, and at least one disc mounted onto the shaft. At least one permanent magnet is mounted on the disc, and at least one electromagnet and at least one coil are mounted to the frame in rotational magnetic proximity to the permanent magnet. A battery is connectable to the electromagnet and the coil for energizing the electromagnet and for receiving electrical current from the coil for charging the battery. A relay switch controls the transmission of electrical power from the battery to the electromagnet. A sensor generates a signal to the relay switch to activate electrical power to the electromagnet upon sensing that the permanent magnet is positioned with respect to the electromagnet such that a magnetic force generated by the electromagnet would be effective for inducing movement of the permanent magnet and consequent rotation of the disc.

Abstract: In a control device for an AC rotary machine that includes a first three-phase winding and a second three-phase winding having a phase difference, a voltage is applied to each phase of the first three-phase winding at an ON interval or an OFF interval equaling or exceeding a first predetermined value. When a first three-phase current is determined to be undetectable, a first voltage command is generated such that ON timings or OFF timings relating respectively to at least two phases of the voltage applied to the first three-phase winding are within a second predetermined value that is smaller than the first predetermined value, and when a second three-phase current is determined to be undetectable, a second voltage command is generated such that ON timings or OFF timings relating respectively to at least two phases of a voltage applied to the second three-phase winding are within the second predetermined value.

Abstract: A method of determining angular position (?) of a rotor of an N-phase permanent magnet motor (PMM). A processor having an associated stored angular position determination (APD) algorithm is programmed to implement the algorithm to cause an associated motor controller to execute steps including forcing one vector at a time a phase vector set of current or voltage vectors to stator terminals of windings for the N-phases a positive and negative magnitude vector, wherein the vector magnitude is sufficiently small to not move the rotor, and a time duration for the forcing current or voltage vectors is essentially constant. The resulting stator current or voltage levels are measured for each current or voltage vector. An N-dimension current vector or voltage vector is generated from superposition of the resulting stator current levels or resulting stator voltage levels. The N-dimension current vector or voltage vector is used to determine angular position.

Abstract: A control apparatus operates an inverter by overmodulation pulse width modulation control or rectangular wave control to control an output torque of a motor to a command torque. When a first condition is not met, the inverter is operated by the overmodulation pulse width modulation control. The first condition is that an amplitude parameter increases and reaches a determination value. The amplitude parameter is an amplitude of an output voltage vector of the inverter or a modulation factor of the output voltage of the inverter. When the first condition and a second condition are met, operation of the inverter is switched from operation by the overmodulation pulse width modulation control to operation by the rectangular wave control. The second condition is that a change amount in a negative d-axis direction of a current vector of current flowing to the motor after the first condition is met reaches a predetermined amount.

Abstract: Method of starting a three-phase sinusoidal BLDC motor, comprising: a) determining an initial position of the rotor; b) applying a first set of sinusoidal energizing signals to the windings, corresponding to a set of sinusoidal waveforms shifted apart by 120° and 240° sampled at a first angle (?1); and maintaining the energizing signals for allowing the rotor to move to a first angular position; c) while maintaining the energizing signals, monitoring two of the phase currents, and determining whether a predefined condition is satisfied, comprising testing whether a ratio of two total current values is equal to a predefined value, and if true, to repeat steps b) and c), but with second and further sinusoidal energizing signals sampled at a second or further angular position, selected from a limited group of discrete angular positions.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an integrated circuit such as an SOC (or even a discrete chip system) includes one or more local timebases in various locations. The timebases may be incremented based on a high frequency local clock that may be subject to variation during use due. Periodically, based on a lower frequency clock that is subject to less variation, the local timebases may be synchronized to the correct time, using hardware circuitry. In particular, the correct timebase value for the next synchronization may be transmitted to each local timebase, and the control circuit for the local timebase may be configured to saturate the local timebase at the correct value if the local timebase reaches the correct value before the synchronization occurs. Similarly, if the synchronization occurs and the local timebase has not reached the correct value, the control circuit may be configured to load the correct timebase value.

Abstract: An AC/AC boost converter comprising input terminals, output terminals, an inductor, a bridge arm comprising a pair of bi-directional switches, a capacitor and a control circuit for controlling the switches. The bridge arm and the capacitor are connected in parallel across the output terminals. The inductor has a first end connected to one of the input terminals and a second end connected to one of an end and a junction of the bridge arm, the junction being located between the two switches. Another of the input terminals is then connected to the other of the end and the junction of the bridge arm. An AC power supply supplies an AC input voltage at the input terminals, and the control circuit controls the switches of the bridge arm such that an AC output voltage is supplied at the output terminals, the AC output voltage being greater than the AC input voltage.

Abstract: A method is proposed for adjusting an actuator (300) of a positioning system (100). The positioning system (100) has an electronically commutated actuator drive (200) which is coupled to the actuator (300), wherein the actuator drive (200) has a permanent magnetic rotor (210), wherein the rotor (210) has a first shaft (212) which extends along a pole axis (290) of the rotor (210). The actuator drive (200) additionally has an electronically commutated stator (230), wherein the stator (230) can be energized using a space phasor (260), wherein the space phasor (260) has an electric phase and an amplitude, wherein the space phasor (260) is aligned with respect to the first shaft (212) of the rotor (210) around a difference phasing.

Abstract: A control system for an electric motor comprising a stator having a plurality of stator coils and a rotor movable along the stator comprises a position detection device and a coil monitoring device. In this case, the position detection device is designed to generate position data representing a position of the rotor along the stator, and the coil monitoring device is designed to generate coil data representing a status of one or a plurality of the stator coils. The control system furthermore comprises a safety device designed to carry out a coordination between the coil data and the position data. Moreover, the safety device is designed to cause the electric motor to be transferred to a safe state if an error has been discovered during the coordination.

Abstract: A voltage controller generates a d-axis voltage command value and a q-axis voltage command value on the basis of a drive command signal and a three-phase current. When the state in which the absolute value of the resultant vector of the d-axis voltage command value and the q-axis voltage command value is not within a set predetermined range continues for a predetermined time or longer, a disconnection detector determines that a disconnection between a power converter and an AC motor has occurred. A gate controller transmits a gate command for turning off a switching element provided in the power converter to the power converter when the disconnection detector determines that a disconnection between the power converter and the AC motor has occurred.

Abstract: A method of controlling a portable appliance includes measuring an input current supplied to a motor of the portable appliance and measuring a rotational speed of a shaft of the motor. The method also includes determining a current limit based on the rotational speed of the shaft using a substantially continuous function which relates a domain of rotational speeds to a range of current limits. The method further includes reducing, when the input current exceeds the current limit, the rotational speed of the shaft incrementally along the substantially continuous function until the input current is approximately equal to the current limit.

Abstract: A motor control device includes an electric power converter for generating three-phase voltages based on voltage instruction-values, and for supplying them to a motor; an induced-voltage estimation unit for estimating an induced voltage of the motor, based on the voltage instruction-values and electric current feedback values; a dead-time disturbance-voltage compensation unit; and a dead-time disturbance compensation-voltage modification unit for compensating a dead-time disturbance voltage(s) generated in the electric power converter, based on a fundamental wave component of an estimated induced voltage.

Abstract: A handheld AC power tool is provided. The power tool is comprised generally of: a brushless DC motor; a power cord connectable to an AC power socket; a converter circuit configured to receive input power from the power cord and operable to output a DC bus voltage, a switching arrangement interposed between the electric motor and the converter circuit; a motor drive circuit interfaced with the motor switches; and a power switch operable by a user to selectively energize the motor drive circuit and thereby power on the tool. The converter circuit includes a rectifier and a capacitor electrically coupled across the rectifier, such that the capacitor has capacitance sized to produce a DC bus voltage whose magnitude from an AC power source is substantially same as magnitude of voltage from a DC power source.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a brushless DC (BLDC) electric motor is described. The controller may include a hall control module and a timing module. The hall control module may be configured to receive inputs from three hall sensors, detect one of the three hall sensors has failed based on the received inputs, responsive to detecting that the one of the three hall sensors has failed, switch from a three hall sensors mode to a two hall sensors mode, and generate an output to control a plurality of switches to energize appropriate motor phase windings in the BLDC motor based at least in part on the two hall sensors mode. The timing module may be configured to detect a commutation time from the received inputs.

Abstract: A motor drive system includes a control module and a power module for generating control signals and power signals, respectively, for driving an electric motor. An add-on module or subassembly is physically positionable between the control and power modules, and communicates with the control module to allow for communication with external devices.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a multi-phase motor is described. The controller may include a torque control module and a current control module. The current control module may be configured to receive a reference current from the torque control module, determine a reference voltage, determine a flux correction value based on the reference voltage, a maximum available voltage, and a speed of the multi-phase motor, and output the flux correction value. The torque control module may be configured to receive the flux correction value and update the reference current based on the flux correction value.

Abstract: A bidirectional power switch includes first and second thyristors connected in antiparallel between first and second conduction terminals of the switch. The first thyristor is of an anode-gate thyristor, and the second thyristor is of a cathode-gate thyristor. The gates of the first and second thyristors are coupled to a same control terminal of the switch by respective dipole circuits. At least one of the dipole circuits is formed by at least one diode or at least one resistor.

Abstract: A control device for an induction machine includes an angle determining device designed to determine a rotor angle of the induction machine without requiring use of sensors. The angle determining device generates measuring voltage pulses which can be selectively used to replace control voltage pulses used to control the induction machine. Machine currents generated by the measuring voltage pulses can be used to determine a rotor angle without interrupting the control voltage pulses and/or operation of the induction machine.

Abstract: A motor driving device and method for a vehicle are provided to adjust and diagnose an air-conditioning motor by sensing an output signal and a current of a feedback sensor. The motor driving device includes a feedback sensor that configured to output a feedback voltage by detecting a rotation angle of a motor. In addition, a controller is configured to generate a substantially constant current that corresponds to an operation state of the motor and determine a driving state of the motor by combining the constant current with the feedback voltage.

Abstract: A control device of a motor includes detection section that detect counter-electromotive voltages induced in coils by rotation of a rotor, a counter-electromotive voltage normalizing section that normalizes a value of the counter-electromotive voltage using a normalization coefficient according to a speed of the rotation of the rotor, and a rotor position specifying section that specifies the position of the rotor based on values of the counter-electromotive voltage normalized by the counter-electromotive voltage normalizing section.

Abstract: A control method of a fan comprises steps of: detecting a rotational speed of a blade and a rotor position of the blade; generating a control signal according to the rotational speed and a predetermined rotational speed; obtaining a Back-EMF waveform according to the control signal, the rotational speed, the rotor position and a waveform; adjusting the phase of the Back-EMF waveform; and outputting a switch control signal.

Abstract: Conducting emission suppression in a power circuit for an electric motor comprises a negative temperature co-efficient resistor and capacitor connecting one of the power lines to ground. The NTC resistor is self-stabilizing so that changes in the load current are automatically compensated for.

Abstract: A ratcheting micromotor includes a ratchet bar defining ratchet teeth along an edge thereof, and first and second ends in opposition to one another. The first end is adapted to be coupled to an object to be moved. A spring is coupled on one end thereof to the second end of the ratchet bar and adapted to be fixed at another end thereof to a base. A bi-directional actuator configured for linear movement in one of a first direction and a second direction, and when energized has a common yoke coupled to a central portion thereof for movement in correspondence therewith. The common yoke includes teeth formed along an edge and positioned such that its teeth engage a portion of the ratchet teeth. A control system energizes the bi-directional actuator to move, alternately, in the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: A tissue resecting system includes an assembly having first and second tubular members. An electrical motor drive and controller moves the second member to resect tissue received in a window of the first member. A tachometer sends motor drive rotational signals to the controller, and the controller modulates a motor voltage in response to the signals from the tachometer both to drive the second member at a predetermined speed and to calculate resistance to driving the second member at the predetermined speed.

Abstract: Integrated circuits with electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuitry are provided. Integrated circuits may include input-output pins that are coupled to the ESD protection circuitry. The ESD protection circuitry may include diode circuits, a control circuit, and a power clamp circuit. Each diode circuit may have a first terminal that is coupled to a respective input-output pin and a second terminal that is coupled to a shared ESD control line. The control circuit may supply a boosted voltage onto the control line to reverse bias the diode circuits during normal operation while the power clamp is turned off. During an ESD event, the power clamp may be turned on to sink current from the diode circuits. The power clamp may include a transistor having a substrate that is forward biased to improve transistor drive strength during the ESD event and that is reverse biased to reduce leakage during normal operation.

Abstract: Disclosed therein is a motor with a variable magnetic flux, which includes a rotor and a stator located inside the rotor. The rotor includes a rotor housing, a plurality of unit rotor cores and magnets which are attached to the inner wall surface of the rotor housing, and the unit rotor cores and the magnets are arranged in turn. The stator includes a stator core base and a plurality of teeth radially formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stator core base at equal intervals, and each of the teeth has ears formed at both sides of an end thereof.

Abstract: A method of determining when to utilize a back EMF sampling method for motor resistance profiling in at least one DC motor, the method including the steps of analyzing a parameter prior to initializing the back EMF sampling method, and upon a determination that the analyzed parameter is within a defined range, initializing the back EMF sampling method.

Abstract: Unique motor drive apparatuses, systems and methods are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment is an apparatus comprising an AC-DC power supply structured to couple with and drive an electric motor. A sampling and switching device is coupled with the power supply. The switching device is configured to sample an electrical condition of a plurality of power line inputs and to selectably connect the power supply with the plurality of power line inputs. A controller is operatively coupled with and structured to control the switching device in a first mode in which the controller determines a power at which to operate the motor based upon which of the plurality of power line inputs receives power and a second mode in which the controller provides power factor correction of the motor and selects the power line inputs connected to the AC-DC power supply by the sampling and switching device.

Abstract: A motor control system for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) applications is described. The motor control system includes a thermostat and an electronically commutated motor (ECM) coupled to the thermostat. The ECM is configured to retrofit an existing non-ECM electric motor included in an HVAC application and to operate in one of a plurality of HVAC modes. The HVAC modes include at least one of a heating mode, a cooling mode, and a continuous fan mode. The HVAC mode is determined based at least partially on outputs provided by the thermostat.

Abstract: There are provided a motor driving control apparatus, a motor driving control method, and a motor using the same. The motor driving control apparatus includes a driving signal generation unit, a back electromotive force detection unit, and a frequency controller. The driving signal generation unit may generate a driving control signal for controlling driving of a motor device. The back electromotive force detection unit may detect back electromotive force of the motor device. The frequency controller may provide control to estimate a zero crossing point of the back electromotive force, set a frequency modulation section including the zero crossing point, and modulate a frequency of the driving control signal during the frequency modulation section.

Abstract: A motor controller, operatively connected to a motor having an output shaft, includes a rotary detector to detect a rotation direction and a rotation amount of the output shaft of the motor to generate an actual rotary signal, a drive controller to generate a control signal based on the actual rotary signal and a target rotary signal indicating a target rotary direction and a target rotary amount, and a driver to supply a driving power to the motor based on the control signal. When the motor is in a hold state, the control signal is reversed periodically for a predetermined reverse time period T2 per a predetermined one reverse cycle T1. When the control signal is not reversed for a certain lock detection time period Tr that is longer than the revere cycle T1 of the control signal, supply of the driving power to the motor is blocked.

Abstract: A system for treating tissue includes a device including a first member and a second member arranged to move relative to the first member to treat tissue. The system also includes a processor configured to automatically control movement of the second member relative to the first member using position control methodology. A method of treating tissue includes providing a device having a first member and a second member arranged to move relative to the first member, moving the second member relative to the first member, and automatically controlling the movement of the second member using position control methodology.

Abstract: The system has a driving circuit for the motor of the electric fan, coupled to the electrical system of a motor vehicle and having a plurality of controlled electronic switches, and an electronic control unit arranged to control the driving circuit in such a way as to cause the flow in the motor of a variable average current capable of producing a required speed of rotation, in accordance with a predetermined relationship or function. The control unit is designed to store a predetermined threshold of rotation speed, and to control the motor through the associated driving circuit in such a way that when the rotational speed of the motor exceeds the threshold the driving circuit causes electrical braking of the motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a change in a quadrant of operation of a brushless direct current motor. A quadrant change in an operation of a motor is identified. In response to identifying the quadrant change, selected ones of a plurality of switches in a switch bridge are selected to be controlled to couple a direct current power source to the windings of the motor to change a direction of an actual current in the windings.

Abstract: A method for controlling an inverter in a system including a load, a motor for driving the load, and an inverter for operating the motor comprises when a load amount of the load is reduced to below a sleep level, checking whether a time corresponding to a sleep delay has lapsed; when the load amount of the load is still below the sleep level even after the sleep delay, varying an operating frequency of the motor, and if there is no change in a feedback from the load in response to the variation in the operating frequency, controlling the inverter to enter a sleep mode.

Abstract: A driving control device of a brushless motor includes an inverter circuit having: first arm-side switching elements that are connected between respective phases of respective armature coils of the brushless motor and one terminal of a power supply; and second arm-side switching elements that are connected between respective phases of the respective armature coils and the other terminal of the power supply, and a control unit, wherein, in a short-circuit braking according to a short-circuit braking signal, the control unit outputs a signal of turning off all the first arm-side switching element and outputs a signal of controlling the at least one of the second arm-side switching elements to perform a switching operation and turning on the other second arm-side switching elements.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus for a vehicle supplies/charges electric power to/from a power supply unit. The vehicle includes a first power-inverter circuit, a capacitor, high-resistance and low-resistance electric-paths between the capacitor and a battery, a first switching unit opening/closing the electric-paths, and a unit operating the first switching unit, when connecting between the battery and the first power-inverter circuit, in such a manner that after the high-resistance electric path is closed and the low-resistance electric path is opened, the high-resistance electric-path is opened and the low-resistance electric-path is closed.

Abstract: Dynamic reconfiguration-switching of motor windings in a motor is optimized between winding-configurations by selectively lowering resistance of a constantly used portion of one of the motor windings. Acceleration is traded off in favor of higher velocity upon detecting the electric motor in the electric vehicle is at an optimal angular-velocity for switching to an optimal lower torque constant and voltage constant. The total back electromotive force (BEMF) is prohibited from inhibiting further acceleration to a higher angular-velocity.

Abstract: An electric-bicycle driving apparatus includes a speed-change mode operator to output a low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a controller to output a first or second control signal corresponding to the low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a first motor driver to output a first motor-driving signal to drive a motor in a low-speed mode in response to the low-speed mode signal, a second motor driver to output a second motor-driving signal to drive the motor in a high-speed mode in response to the high-speed mode signal, a motor-drive-load booster to boost load of the second motor-driving signal using battery power under control of the controller in response to the high-speed mode signal, and a motor speed-change switching unit to selectively receive a switching enable signal from the controller so as to be turned on to provide the second motor-driving signal having the boosted load to the motor.