Abstract: The present disclosure provides a management device for a charging circuit and a wireless terminal, which belong to the technical field of management control of a linear charging circuit. The device includes a power supply management module (5), a buck switching voltage converter (1) and a linear charging circuit (2). The power supply management module (5) includes an adjustable Low Dropout (LDO) linear regulator (6) and an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) (4), wherein the output terminal of the adjustable LDO linear regulator (6) is connected with the feedback terminal of the buck switching voltage converter (1) through a first preset resistor (R62). The input terminal of the ADC (4) is connected with the anode of a battery (3). The control terminal of the power supply management module (5) is connected with the control terminal of the linear charging circuit (2). The output terminal of the buck switching voltage converter (1) is connected with the input terminal of the linear charging circuit (2).

Abstract: A power source apparatus includes: a switch circuit to receive an input voltage; a control circuit to switch the switch circuit from a second state to a first state at a timing corresponding to a comparison result between a feedback voltage generated based on a first voltage corresponding to an output voltage and a reference voltage generated based on a standard voltage set in accordance with the output voltage; and a voltage generation circuit to add a compensation voltage generated by voltage-converting a time period in which the switch circuit switches from the second state to the first state to one of the first voltage and the standard voltage, to generate the feedback voltage, to add a slope voltage which changes at a slope to one of the first voltage and the standard voltage, and to generate the reference voltage.

Abstract: A buck-boost converter with a switch controller may cause switches A, B, C, and/or D to cyclically close such that switches B and C are closed during at least one interval of each cycle during both the buck and boost modes of operation. The switch controller may in addition or instead cause switches A, B, C, and/or D to cyclically close based on a control signal such that switches A and D are closed during an interval of each cycle and such that these intervals are never both simultaneously modulated by a small change in the control signal during any mode of operation.

Abstract: A current sensing circuit configured to sense current flowing through a switching transistor of a non-insulated switching regulator, the current sensing circuit includes a voltage divider circuit portion; a first transistor; a first impedance element; a second transistor; a third transistor; and a first voltage comparing circuit portion, wherein control terminals of the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor are connected to each other and a connecting portion of the control terminals is connected to a connecting portion between the third transistor and the first constant current source.

Abstract: A boost-forward-flyback convertor has a boost converting circuit, a forward converting circuit, a flyback converting circuit and a transformer. The boost converting circuit, the forward converting circuit and the flyback converting circuit are coupled by using elements of the boost and forward converting circuits to form the transformer. The boost-forward-flyback convertor combines benefits of conventional boost, forward and flyback convertors, specifically combines active clamping and lower power pressure to the element from the boost convertor, increases gain ratio by using the forward convertor and provides output to the load during a switch OFF-state from the combination of the flyback and boost converting circuit. The boost-forward-flyback convertor combines benefits of conventional boost, forward and flyback convertors and not only has very high gain, high converting efficiency and lower power loading for devices, but also is simple, cost less, easy to use and has a small volume.

Abstract: A controller produces high-side and low-side control signals. The high and low-side signals are used to switch high-side and low-side transistors in the power stage to control the voltage across the power stage output capacitor of the power stage. A boost feedback charge pump receives the low or high-side signal to increase the charge on a charge pump output capacitor. The controller is configured to send Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) high and low-side signals that control the voltage on the power stage output capacitor and charge the charge pump output capacitor. The controller is also configured to send boost feedback (BFB) high and low-side signals that charge the boost feedback capacitor, but are designed to not significantly change the charge on the power stage output capacitor.

Abstract: A storageless DC-DC converter is provided having simultaneously ultra high efficiency of 99.5% in an ultra compact size leading to 1 kW/inch3 power density, while also providing a regulation over the wide input DC voltage range. In addition to fixed 2 to 1 step-down voltage conversion the continuous output voltage reduction is obtained by use of a new method of the modulation of the freewheeling time of one of the two current rectifiers. This provides a simple regulation of the output voltage via a standard duty ratio control, despite the wide range of the input voltage change and simultaneous wide range of the load current change. An alternative control method customarily used in classical resonant converters to control output voltage by change of the switching frequency with a fixed duty ratio control is also demonstrated.

Abstract: A voltage regulator including at least one coupled inductor including a first winding and a second winding each having a polarity. The first winding and the second winding connected in series to form a common node such that the first winding and the second winding have the same polarity. The first winding and the second winding having a coefficient of coupling approximately equal to one. A conduction switch having an on-state and an off-state, to controllably conduct an input voltage to the at least one coupled inductor at a switching frequency. A freewheeling switch having an on-state and an off-state, in communication with the common node of the at least one coupled inductor to provide a path for current when the conduction switch is in the off-state. An output capacitor in communication with the at least one coupled inductor to filter the output voltage.

Abstract: A digital average-input current-mode control loop for a DC/DC power converter. The power converter may be, for example, a buck converter, boost converter, or cascaded buck-boost converter. The purpose of the proposed control loop is to set the average converter input current to the requested current. Controlling the average input current can be relevant for various applications such as power factor correction (PFC), photovoltaic converters, and more. The method is based on predicting the inductor current based on measuring the input voltage, the output voltage, and the inductor current. A fast cycle-by-cycle control loop may be implemented. The conversion method is described for three different modes. For each mode a different control loop is used to control the average input current, and the control loop for each of the different modes is described. Finally, the algorithm for switching between the modes is disclosed.

Abstract: An energy control method for a inductive conversion device comprising: determination of individual error of multiple output voltages; determination of peak current based on the errors, determination of total energy through the peak current and charging to at least one inductor according to the peak current, whereas the inductor will store the total energy.

Abstract: A DC/DC converter comprises an inductive element (L) having a first terminal connected to an input connection (1) and a second terminal (4) coupled to a reference potential connection (3) by a first switching element (N1). A second switching element (P1) being a p-channel field-effect transistor couples the second terminal (4) to an output connection (2). A control unit (CTL) comprises a detection unit which is configured to detect a first mode of operation in which an input voltage (VIN) is higher than a desired output voltage (VOUT).

Abstract: A power supply apparatus converting electric power stored in a first power storage unit into a prescribed voltage for supply to a load includes: a power storage unit-side terminal coupled to the first power storage unit; a second power storage unit; a load-side terminal coupled to the load; a converter unit for increasing output voltage of the first power storage unit to a first voltage and outputting the first voltage to the load-side terminal at a time of discharging of the first power storage unit; a step-up circuit for increasing the output voltage of the first power storage unit and supplying the increased voltage to the second power storage unit; and a backflow prevention circuit arranged between the second power storage unit and the load-side terminal to allow current to flow from the second power storage unit to the load-side terminal and block current flowing from the load-side terminal to the second power storage unit.

Abstract: A driving system for an electrical power conversion equipment includes a driving circuit for driving a switching device provided in the electrical power conversion equipment, and a driving capacity control circuit for controlling a driving capacity of the driving circuit. The driving capacity during a resonant operation of the electrical power conversion equipment becomes higher than that at a start of the resonant operation when the switching device is turned-on.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device for delivering power to a load includes a controller circuit, a cascade circuit, and a power delivery circuit. The controller circuit generates a plurality of control signals. The cascade circuit receives the control signals from the controller circuit and sequentially outputs the control signals onto a cascade bus. The power delivery circuit receives the control signals from the controller circuit and delivers an amount of current to the load, in response to one of the control signals.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a high-side switching element having a first switching element connected between an input voltage line and an inductive load; and a low-side switching element having a second switching element and a third switching element that are connected in parallel between the inductive load and a reference voltage line. A surge current is discharged through the third switching element to the reference voltage line when a surge is applied to a terminal connected to the inductive load in the low-side switching element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of controlling an interleaved power factor correction (PFC) circuit operating in a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The controller employs a normal mode of operation in which inductor currents in each PFC sub-circuit are estimated based on the monitored input voltage and monitored output voltage, and switching devices associated with each PFC sub-circuit are controlled to ensure DCM operation. As the input voltage increases, the OFF times of each PFC sub-circuit increase such that the inductor currents no longer overlap. In response, the controller activates a time-limiting mode (TLM) in which OFF time durations for each sub-circuit are based on the monitored sum of load currents as opposed to the monitored input voltage and monitored output voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the pulse time of switches within a DC to DC power supply, comprising a timing circuit responsive to a switching confirmation signal to commence timing and to monitor for control signals being sent to the switch and to indicate whether elapsed period between the switching confirmation signal and the control signal is too long or too short.

Abstract: A power control system includes a rectifier circuit, a buck circuit, a voltage divider circuit, a control circuit, and a switch circuit. A first terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to an alternating current (AC) power supply. A second terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to a first terminal of the buck circuit and a first terminal of the voltage divider circuit. A first terminal of the control circuit is connected to a second terminal of the buck circuit. A second terminal of the control circuit is connected to a second terminal of the voltage divider circuit. A third terminal of the control circuit is connected to the switch circuit. The switch circuit is connected to the AC power supply and an electronic device.

Abstract: A converter circuit and methods for operating the same. The converter circuit includes a supply voltage, a capacitor, an inductor, and four stacked switching elements. Each switching element is adjustable from a low resistance state to a high resistance state by a control signal. The inductor outputs current to a circuit load. The circuit may be operated in a first mode such that the output is adjustable between the supply voltage and half the supply voltage. Alternatively, in a second mode of operation, the output is adjustable from half the supply voltage to a ground voltage.

Abstract: A unidirectional DC-DC converter and method of control thereof. The converter includes a DC power-supply, a buck converter circuit having a first main switching element, a boost converter circuit having a second main switching element, a first snubber capacitor, a first inversely-parallel diode, a control device, and an output diode.

Abstract: A switching regulator for fixing a frequency which includes a power stage circuit, comprising an upper gate switch, a lower gate switch and an inductor; a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage; a comparator for outputting a comparing result according to the output voltage and the reference voltage; a constant frequency compensating circuit for a control signal according to the comparing result, a phase signal and a compensating signal. The constant frequency compensating circuit comprises a charging capacitor. The phase signal corresponding to the cross voltage of the lower gate bridge, and the compensating signal corresponding to the output voltage, and the constant frequency compensating circuit utilizes the phase signal to initialize a voltage of a terminal of the charging capacitor.

Abstract: A changing-speed calculator monitors a current value of an output current flowing through a load circuit to calculate a change speed of the current value. A correction-amount obtaining unit reads from a correction-amount table a correction amount of a duty ratio corresponding to the change speed of the output current. A reference-voltage comparator compares a voltage value of an output voltage to be applied to the load circuit and a predetermined reference voltage with each other, and then notifies a duty-ratio determining unit of the comparison result. The duty-ratio determining unit performs feedback control according to the comparison result of the voltage values to correct the duty ratio. After correcting the duty ratio, the duty-ratio determining unit further corrects the duty ratio by the correction amount obtained by the correction-amount obtaining unit.

Abstract: A method and an electrical circuit for DC-DC voltage conversion in a network comprising an input voltage terminal, an output voltage terminal, at least one first switch and at least one second switch, at least one input impedance, at least one load impedance and at least one transmission line with known impedance where the electrical circuit is characterized by that the impedance of the at least one transmission line is adapted to be mismatched to at least the load impedance and where at least one of the at least first switches is arranged in relation to the at least one transmission line to switch between open and closed positions for generating a pulse wave propagating in the at least one transmission line charging a load capacitance of the load impedance with electrical energy.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus includes: a wireless communication unit which performs wireless communication; a converter which converts an input voltage into an output voltage in a switched-mode to supply the output voltage to the wireless communication unit; and a frequency adjusting unit which adjusts a frequency of a high frequency noise caused by a parasitic component of the converter, if the converter is switched, to prevent the frequency of the high frequency noise from interfering with a frequency of the wireless communication performed by the wireless communication unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for bit stuffing pulse width modulation are provided. Example embodiments of the systems and methods of bit stuffing pulse width modulation disclosed herein may allow for a significant reduction in the size of the bootstrap capacitor while giving up only a small percentage of output drive, and reduce die space. Included in such systems and methods is the ability to digitally detect inactivity on the PMW signals for a class D power amplifier, and to digitally insert small charge pulses at a fairly low repetition rate relative to the normal switching frequency. The low repetition rate may preserve the maximum output power while still allowing enough charge to transfer to the bootstrap capacitor.

Abstract: For output current detection of a voltage regulator, the currents in a high-side transistor and a low-side transistor of the voltage regulator are sensed and summarized to a summed current to flow through a setting resistor. The voltage variation on the setting resistor is monitored to provide a feedback signal for feedback control in the voltage regulator. This detection scheme removes the current sensing resistor from the charging current path of the voltage regulator to prevent efficiency loss on it, and is much less sensitive to noise interference because greater voltage variation is available by using a greater setting resistor.

Abstract: The high side or low side FET of a buck converter, or both, are replaced by plural parallel devices of different threshold voltage and are turned on and off in a sequence which offers the best turn on and turn off characteristics related to high and low threshold voltages. The parallel devices can have the same or different active areas.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply assembly (1) is described, comprising at least two switched mode power supply units (10i) coupled to each other in parallel; each power supply unit (10i) having an output stage (50i, 60i) capable of selectively operating in a first mode wherein its output signal (IOUT,I) is increasing and operating in a second mode wherein its output signal (IOUT,i) is decreasing; a control device (100) receiving mode switch control signals from all power supply units (10i); wherein the control device (100), if it finds that the actual phase relationship between two power supply units deviates from an optimal phase relationship, is designed to generate synchronising control signals for at least one power supply unit (102), effectively changing the timing of at least one mode switch moment, such that the deviation between the actual phase relationship and said optimal phase relationship is reduced.

Abstract: A power supply circuit has a constant voltage circuit, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor, a first voltage dividing circuit that outputs a first divided voltage obtained by dividing the voltage of the output terminal by a first voltage dividing ratio, and a first differential amplifier circuit which is fed with a reference voltage and the first divided voltage and has an output connected to a gate of the second MOS transistor. The first differential amplifier circuit outputs a signal to turn on the second MOS transistor when the first divided voltage is higher than the reference voltage, and the first differential amplifier circuit outputs a signal to turn off the second MOS transistor when the first divided voltage is lower than the reference voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates voltage conversion device in which a regulated output voltage is supplied by current pulses generated by the voltage conversion device from a voltage source. In particular, the invention relates to an improved control of an pulse frequency modulation (PFM) operation mode in which the frequency of the generated current pulses is modulated to regulated the desired output voltage, namely how PFM pulses can be generated without the need for a high-frequency clock of a time controlled system. By having pulse phases are current mode controlled and providing a mode detector to generate the right kind of current pulse, the high-frequency clock is no longer needed. Further, the presented solution allows for a higher PWM as well as PFM frequency, the external components of the converter can be made smaller. Eliminating the need for a high-frequency clock makes the device simpler, smaller and more energy-efficient.

Abstract: A resonance type electric power conversion apparatus which includes a main circuit including a main reactor, a main switching device, an inverse-parallel diode and an output power diode, and an auxiliary circuit including an auxiliary reactor, an auxiliary switch, and an auxiliary capacitor connected in parallel to the main switching device for forming a recovery current elimination circuit and a partial resonance circuit for discharging charge accumulated in the auxiliary capacitor to turn on the inverse-parallel diode, includes recovery current elimination period calculation means for calculating a recovery current elimination period after the present point of time until the current flowing through the output power diode becomes zero and the charge of the output power diode disappears based on a voltage value across the auxiliary reactor, a current value of the main reactor and an inductance value of the auxiliary reactor, and control means for controlling the auxiliary switching device to turn on based on

Abstract: A method and circuit for generating a clock signal. A power factor correction circuit has n channels operating out of phase and independently. The circuit is able to generate a clock signal for each channel according to the current cycle duration of each channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DC-DC converter including a first series circuit connected to both ends of a first switch and formed of a winding of a first transformer, a first reactor, a first diode, and a smoothing capacitor, a second diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the first transformer, the winding of the first transformer and the first switch, and to one end of the smoothing capacitor, a second series circuit connected to both ends of a second switch and formed of a winding of a second transformer, a second reactor, a third diode, and the smoothing capacitor, a fourth diode connected to a connection point of a primary winding of the second transformer, the winding of the second transformer and the second switch, and to the one end of the smoothing capacitor, a third reactor connected to both ends of a series circuit of a secondary winding of the first transformer and a secondary winding of the second transformer, and a control circuit which alternately turns on the first s

Abstract: A method for providing non-resonant zero-voltage switching in a switching power converter. The switching power converter converts power from input power to output power during multiple periodic switching cycles. The switching power converter includes a switch and an auxiliary capacitor adapted for connecting in parallel with the switch, and an inductor connectable to the auxiliary capacitor. The main switch is on. A previously charged (or previously discharged) auxiliary capacitor is connected across the main switch with auxiliary switches. The main switch is switched off with zero voltage while discharging (charging) the auxiliary capacitor by providing a current path to the inductor. The auxiliary capacitor is disconnected from the switch. The voltage of the auxiliary capacitor is charged and discharged alternatively during subsequent switching cycles.

Abstract: A method of controlling a direct current (“DC”) chopper controller having a switch and a storage choke in which the choke has a current dependent on the switching of the switch on and off includes the following. A current variable derived from one of the time averaged value of the current of the choke and the peak value of the current of the choke is determined. A switching frequency for synchronizing the turning on and off the switch is calculated as a function of the current variable and on whether the current variable exceeds a current threshold. The switching frequency is determined to be a predetermined low frequency if the switching frequency is lower than the low frequency and is determined to be a predetermined high frequency if the switching frequency is greater than the high frequency. The switch is switched on and off in accordance with the switching frequency.

Abstract: An IGBT/FET-based energy savings device, system and method (1) wherein a predetermined amount of voltage below a nominal line voltage and/or below a nominal appliance voltage is saved, thereby conserving energy. Phase input connections (2) are provided for inputting analog signals into the device and system (1). A magnetic flux concentrator (3) senses the incoming analog signal (20) and a volts zero crossing point detector (5) determines the zero volts crossing point (21) of the signal (20). The positive half cycle (22) and negative half cycle (23) of the signal (20) are identified and routed to a digital signal processor (10) for processing the signal (20). The signal (20) is reduced by pulse width modulation and the reduced amount of energy is outputted, thereby yielding an energy savings for an end user.

Abstract: A TRIAC/SCR-based energy savings device, system and method (1) wherein a predetermined amount of voltage below a nominal line voltage and/or below a nominal appliance voltage is saved, thereby conserving energy. Phase input connections (2) are provided for inputting analog signals into the device and system (1). A magnetic flux concentrator (3) senses the incoming analog signal (20) and a volts zero crossing point detector (5) determines the zero volts crossing point (21) of the signal (20). The positive half cycle (22) and negative half cycle (23) of the signal (20) are identified and routed to a digital signal processor (10) for processing the signal (20). The signal (20) is reduced by pulse width modulation and the reduced amount of energy is outputted, thereby yielding an energy savings for an end user.

Abstract: An interleaved-PWM power module system and method for operating the same are disclosed. The power system includes at least two power modules, each of which has a specific ID number. The power module with an extreme value of the specific ID number is set as a master power module and the remaining power modules are set as slave power modules. The master power module sends the sync signal to all of the slave power modules. Each of the slave power modules performs a phase-locking operation with reference to a specific phase offset to generate a frequency switching signal, where the frequency switching signal is synchronized with the sum of the sync signal and the phase offset for each slave power module. The power module outputs the frequency switching signal for PWM signal generation.

Abstract: A freewheeling DC/DC step-down converter includes a high-side MOSFET, an inductor and an output capacitor connected between the input voltage and ground. A freewheeling clamp, which includes a freewheeling MOSFET and diode, is connected across the inductor. When the high-side MOSFET is turned off, a current circulates through the inductor and freewheeling clamp rather than to ground, improving the efficiency of the converter. The converter has softer diode recovery and less voltage overshoot and noise than conventional Buck converters and features unique benefits during light-load conditions.

Abstract: A technique reduces effects of power supply noise on a signal output by an integrated circuit output driver circuit powered at least partially by an external power supply. An integrated circuit includes a first circuit that provides a first version of a signal to be output referenced between a first regulated voltage and a first power supply voltage of an external power supply. A second circuit provides a second version of the signal to be output referenced between a second regulated voltage and a second power supply voltage of the external power supply. A third circuit provides a third version of the signal to be output referenced between the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage and based on the first and second versions of the signal to be output and power received from the external power supply.

Abstract: A converter has a single inductor with a first terminal connectable to a first terminal of the supply input through a first power transistor and a second terminal connectable to a second terminal of the supply input through a second power transistor. A first rectifier element connects the first terminal of the inductor with a first output terminal, and a second rectifier element connects the second terminal of the inductor with a second output terminal. A resistive voltage divider is connected between the first and second output terminals. A control circuit uses an input from the voltage divider as a reference input voltage and provides an output current to the second terminal of the supply input in response to any voltage difference between the reference input voltage and the second terminal of the supply input. This provides a virtual common reference potential at the second terminal of the supply input, which is thus a common ground (GND) terminal.

Abstract: A boost regulator system for regulating one or more output voltages includes, a first pump element coupled to receive a first input voltage, a first switching device coupled to the first pump element, the first switching device causing a finite amount of energy to be stored in the first pump element in response to a first control signal. The system further includes, a first capacitor coupled to the first pump element and the first switching device, the first capacitor storing the finite amount of energy and generating a first output voltage in response to the finite amount of energy. A boost controller (BC) coupled to receive the first output voltage, the boost controller further configured to regulate the first output voltage by generating the first control signal.

Abstract: A multiphase converter comprising a plurality of converter circuits, each converter circuit having series connected high and low side switches connected across a voltage bus with a common node provided therebetween, each of the common nodes connected through a respective inductor to an output node of the converter coupled to a load, the high and low side switches each being controlled by a control circuit to provide a desired output voltage at the output node, the control circuit including a first circuit for disabling and enabling at least one phase in response to a condition of the load, the circuit causing the high side switch to be turned on prior to the lower side switch when a disabled phase is enabled.

Abstract: A current sensing circuit for sensing the current provided to LEDs by a constant current power source includes a resistive shunt in series with the load and a current mirror having a first leg connected to a first terminal of the resistive shunt and a second leg connected to a second terminal of the resistive shunt. Both legs of the current mirror are also connected to ground. The first leg provides a reference signal to the second leg, and the second leg uses the reference signal and a voltage at the second terminal of the resistive shunt to provide a ground referenced output signal indicative of the current provided to the LEDs.

Abstract: A controller is capable of executing direct couple control that directly couples a first power device and a second power device without causing a DC/DC converter to convert voltage. During the direct couple control, a drive signal that causes no voltage conversion is intermittently output to at least one of a plurality of switching devices.

Abstract: A capacitor isolated electronic power converter includes a direct current power source in series with a first inductor; and a first switch for switching contact with a second inductor in series with the power source return; an output load in series with a third inductor which connects to a second switch for switching contact to a fourth inductor in series with the output load return; the third inductor and second switch for switching connect through a first capacitive coupling to the second inductor; and the fourth inductor and second switch for switching connect through a second capacitive coupling to the first inductor; wherein the first and second capacitive coupling isolate the power source from the output load.

Abstract: Embodiments for at least one method and apparatus of generating a regulated voltage are disclosed. One method includes generating the regulated voltage though controlled closing and opening of a series switch element and shunt switch element, the series switch element being connected between a first voltage supply and a common node, and the shunt switch being connected between the common node and a second supply voltage. The series switch element includes an NMOS series switching transistor stacked with an NMOS series protection transistor, and closing the series switch element during a first period includes applying a switching gate voltage to a gate of the NMOS series switch transistor of the series switch element, wherein the switching gate voltage has a voltage potential of at least a threshold voltage greater than a voltage potential of the common node.

Abstract: To provide a control circuit and control method of a step-up/step-down type DC-DC converter capable of realizing high efficiency. In a state (1), a terminal Tx of a choke coil L1 is connected to an input terminal Tin, and a terminal Ty is connected to a reference potential. In a state (2), the terminal Tx is connected to the reference potential, and the terminal Ty is connected to an output terminal Tout. In the state (3), the terminal Tx is connected to the input terminal Tin, and the terminal Ty is connected to the output terminal Tout. A first period operation TO1 is constituted by the states (1) and (2), and a second period operation TO2 is constituted by the states (1) and (3). A second period T2, in which the second period operation TO2 is performed, is a value n times as long as a first period T1, in which the first period operation TO1 is performed. In the second period operation TO2, the state (1) is switched to the state (3) so that an increasing slope of an inductor current IL is reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides an optimal electric power converter for a DC/DC converter which variably steps up a voltage successively with an optional magnification of one to two times or more and/or step down a voltage successively with a step-down ratio of one time or less. The converter includes a first input-output part, an inductor connected with a positive or a negative electrode side of the first input-output part, plural switches, plural capacitors, a second input-output part connected with plural capacitors, and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit controls the plural switches with operation mode and makes the inductor and plural capacitors selectively functional, wherein the electric power converter is of a switched capacitance type that performs any operation out of step-up, step-down, regeneration, and continuity, and wherein the control circuit controls to have a period for which two switches out of the plural switches are simultaneously turned ON.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for efficient switching regulators that adapt automatically to, and operate with, input voltages that are above, below, or equal to the output voltage. The disclosed switching regulators demonstrate advantages of both buck and boost converters at high efficiency.