Abstract: A method and apparatus for optically isolating multiple core optical fibers while at the same time substantially reducing polarization mode dispersion, is disclosed. A multiple core fiber is optically coupled to optical birefringent elements, reciprocal and non-reciprocal rotators, and through a lens assembly to a multiple core optical fiber output.

Abstract: There is disclosed a magnetic field characteristics evaluation apparatus for turning off a switching signal, measuring the surface of a magnetic field generating member in a magnetized state by AFM, and storing AFM signal together with a position signal corresponding to a scanning position in a memory to display a surface configuration based on the AFM signal. Subsequently, the switching signal is turned on, the magnetic head is set to a magnetized state, the AFM signal is referred to, the magnetic head surface is measured by MFM, and MFM signal together with the position signal corresponding to the scanning position are stored in the memory to display a surface magnetic field distribution based on the MFM signal. Therefore, it is possible to accurately specify, from the surface, a position in which the magnetic field is generated.

Abstract: According to the present invention, in a method, two polarized light signals are sent in opposite directions through a sensor exhibiting the Faraday effect. To minimize the influence of light portions that are reflected on light paths, one light signal is transmitted on one wavelength, and the other is transmitted on another wavelength. The present invention is applicable in particularly vibration-compensated magneto-optical current converters for purposes of avoiding the influence of back-reflections on the measuring signal.

Abstract: A sensor for facilitating the measurement of temperature and magnetic field is described. The sensor comprises an optical cable having a distal end encompassed in a sheath of giant magnetoresistive material. Temperature changes alter the spectrum emissivity of the giant magnetoresistive material. Magnetic field changes alter the spectrum changes that occur from distorting the optical fiber that occur when the giant magnetoresistive material distorts the optical fiber.

Abstract: A sensor for facilitating the measurement of temperature and magnetic field is described. The sensor comprises an optical cable having a distal end encompassed in a sheath of giant magnetoresistive material. Temperature changes alter the spectrum emissivity of the giant magnetoresistive material. Magnetic field changes alter the spectrum changes that occur from distorting the optical fiber that occur when the giant magnetoresistive material distorts the optical fiber.