Abstract: An adaptive digital pre-distortion system includes a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module is configured to receive a first signal and includes a modulator, pre-distortion module, and transmitting circuit. The pre-distortion module is coupled to the modulator to perform a pre-distortion operation in accordance with the first modulation signal and generate a first pre-distortion signal. The transmitting circuit generates a first transmitted signal in accordance with the first pre-distortion signal. The receiving module is configured to receive the first transmitted signal and includes a receiving circuit, demodulator, and prediction module.

Abstract: An analog time delay filter circuit including a first delay circuit block arranged in a modular layout, having a first time delay filter, a first input, a first output, and first and second pass-throughs; a second delay circuit block arranged in the same modular layout, having a second time delay filter, a second input, a second output, and third and fourth pass-throughs; and an interposer circuit block that electrically couples the second input to the first pass-through and the second output to the second pass-through.

Abstract: In a mobile communication service system, repeaters can be installed to cover shadow areas where it may otherwise be difficult to transmit and/or receive mobile signals. A radio frequency (RF) repeater that may select between an interference cancellation device and a software-defined radio (SDR) device is provided. The RF repeater can select use of the interference cancellation device in environments or situations that are relatively less complex, and can switch to use of the SDR device instead for environments or situations where more complex frequency processing may be needed and where such frequency processing may be prioritized over interference cancellation to provide better or more effective signal transmissions.

Abstract: The present document discloses an apparatus and method for nonlinear system distortion correction. The apparatus includes: apparatus for nonlinear system distortion correction including: a robustness signal source generator, arranged to generate a robustness signal provided to an adaptive device; the adaptive device, arranged to collect a main link signal output by a signal generator and a feedback signal returned by the main link signal via a feedback link, and generate a correction parameter according to the main link signal, the feedback signal and the robustness signal; and a pre-corrector, arranged to according to the correction parameter perform pre-correction processing on the main link signal output by the signal generator.

Abstract: A wireless receiver includes an antenna receiving a right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) signal and a left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) signal, a first amplifier and a second amplifier coupled to the antenna, an intermediate summer coupled to the first and second amplifiers and providing a first intermediate signal, an intermediate subtractor coupled to the first and second amplifiers and providing a second intermediate signal. The wireless receiver also includes a V-signal summer providing a V-component output based on a sum of the first intermediate signal and the second intermediate signal, and an H-signal subtractor providing an H-component output based on a difference between the first intermediate signal and the second intermediate signal. The wireless receiver is configured to provide the V-component output and the H-component output without using a phase shifter.

Abstract: A remote radio head unit (RRU) system is disclosed. The present invention is based on the method of adaptive digital predistortion to linearize a power amplifier inside the RRU. The power amplifier characteristics such as variation of linearity and asymmetric distortion of the amplifier output signal are monitored by a wideband feedback path and controlled by the adaptation algorithm in a digital module. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can compensate for the nonlinearities as well as memory effects of the power amplifier systems and also improve performance, in terms of power added efficiency, adjacent channel leakage ratio and peak-to-average power ratio. The present disclosure enables a power amplifier system to be field reconfigurable and support multi-modulation schemes (modulation agnostic), multi-carriers, multi-frequency bands and multi-channels.

Abstract: A distortion compensation circuit includes a low-pass circuit to block the passage of two-wave RF signals and intermodulation distortions and to allow the passage of a difference-frequency signal. The low-pass circuit is connected between a signal path and an intermodulation distortion adjustment circuit.

Abstract: A method of determining a transmission time of a packet in a mobile device according to the present disclosure may include: if a request for the transmission of a present packet from at least one operated application is detected, identifying whether it is possible to delay a transmission time of the present packet; when it is possible to delay the transmission time of the present packet, calculating a power gain generated as the transmission time of the present packet is delayed; and determining whether the transmission time of the present packet will be delayed according to the calculated power gain.

Abstract: A high-speed serial interface includes a transmitter having an output module with settings that select an output impedances of the output module and a tuning value for the output impedance, and a receiver having a plurality of compensation modules each to provide a selectable level of equalization to a data bitstream from the transmitter, and a control module that directs the transmitter to successively select each of the tuning values, that directs the compensation modules, for each tuning value, to successively select each of the levels of equalization, that evaluates an indication of a performance level of the receiver for each of the successively selected levels of equalization and for each of the tuning values, and that selects a particular tuning value based upon the indications of the performance level of the receiver.

Abstract: An efficient baseband predistortion linearization method using effective multiplexing modulation technique such as wideband code division multiple access and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is disclosed. The present invention is based on the method of piecewise pre-equalized lookup table based predistortion, which is a cascade of a lookup table predistortion and piecewise pre-equalizers.

Abstract: A multi-channel predistortion method and apparatus are disclosed. The technical method provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: determining a channel index of a current channel to be processed; performing handover to the current channel according to a determined channel index; collecting forward data and reverse data of the current channel, and estimating a predistortion coefficient; and performing predistortion compensation on forward data of each channel according to a corresponding predistortion coefficient. In the embodiments of the present invention, by using a jumping polling mode on a channel time, the predistortion efficiency under multiple channels is improved. In addition, by means of all channels or a plurality of channels sharing N power levels, the resource utilization rate is improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method and system for linearizing an amplifier using transistor-level dynamic feedback. The method and system enables nonlinear amplifiers to exhibit linear performance using one or more of gain control elements and phase shifters in the feedback path. The disclosed method and system may also allow an amplifier to act as a pre-distorter or a frequency/gain programmable amplifier.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a degeneration network configured to improve group delay across one or more variations, wherein the degeneration network includes a transimpedance amplifier with one or more degeneration inductors. The transimpedance amplifier further includes one or more transistors, and the one or more degeneration inductors are connected after at least one emitter of the one or more transistors.

Abstract: A RF-digital hybrid mode power amplifier system for achieving high efficiency and high linearity in wideband communication systems is disclosed. The present invention is based on the method of adaptive digital predistortion to linearize a power amplifier in the RF domain. The present disclosure enables a power amplifier system to be field reconfigurable and support multi-modulation schemes (modulation agnostic), multi-carriers and multi-channels. As a result, the digital hybrid mode power amplifier system is particularly suitable for wireless transmission systems, such as base-stations, repeaters, and indoor signal coverage systems, where baseband I-Q signal information is not readily available.

Abstract: A non-linear pre-distortion engine maintaining constant peak power at its output is disclosed. The engine includes a compression estimator, a crest factor reduction processor, a digital pre-distorter and a power amplifier. The compression estimator is configured to generate a compression estimate based on an input signal and a feedback signal. The feedback signal is based on an RF output signal. The crest factor reduction processor is configured to reduce a crest factor of the input signal to generate a crest factor reduced signal based on the compression estimate. The digital pre-distorter is configured to apply a pre-distortion to the crest factor reduced signal after an initial phase and generate a pre-distorted signal based on pre-distortion parameters. The power amplifier is configured to amplify the pre-distorted signal to generate the RF output signal.

Abstract: This application relates to audio amplifier circuitry (100). An amplifier module (103) is located in a signal path between an input (101) and an output (102). A detection module (106) is configured to detect a characteristic of a load (104) electrically coupled, in use, to the output. A distortion setting controller (107) is provided for selecting one of a plurality of stored distortion settings {pi} based on the detected characteristic of the load; and a pre-distortion module (105) is configured to apply a first transfer function to a signal in the signal path prior to said amplifier module. The first transfer function is based on the selected distortion setting and for at least one of the stored distortion settings the corresponding first transfer function comprises a non-linear distortion function.

Abstract: A series-type Doherty amplifier circuit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a directional coupler. The first amplifier is of a first type and has an input for receiving a radio frequency input signal, and an output. The second amplifier is of a second type and has an input and an output. The directional coupler has a first terminal coupled to the output of the first amplifier, a second terminal coupled to the input of the second amplifier, and a third terminal coupled to the output of the second amplifier for providing a radio frequency output signal. The series-type Doherty amplifier circuit may also include variable phase and attenuation circuits for adjusting the phase and attenuation of input signal for the second amplifier. The ability to adjust phase and attenuation allows high operating efficiency for any saturation power level.

Abstract: A device includes a first amplifier coupled to a first signal conduction path and a second amplifier coupled to a second signal conduction path. A first coupler is coupled to the first signal conduction path. The first coupler is configured to produce an output signal based on a first signal carried by the first signal conduction path. A delay element is configured to impose a phase delay on the output signal of the first coupler to generate a delayed output signal. The device includes a second coupler coupled to the second signal conduction path. The second coupler is connected to the delay element and configured to inject the delayed output signal into the second signal conduction path.

Abstract: An integrative software radio embodies a single multi-radio device including functionalities that are a superset of a plurality of individual discrete radio devices includes a radio frequency transmitter that integrates transmission capabilities of a plurality of discrete transmitters such that the radio frequency transmitter is configured to generate a first amalgamated waveform that is a combination of individual waveforms, each individual waveform corresponding to the transmission capabilities of its respective one of the plurality of discrete transmitters, wherein the transmission capabilities each of the plurality of discrete transmitters comprise operating characteristics different from one or more of the other discrete transmitters, wherein a waveform of a discrete transmitter comprises an adjustable electromagnetic wavefront and a proprietary waveform generation component; and a mission module communicatively coupled to the plurality of discrete transmitters and configured to alter the wavefront of at

Abstract: Reduced latency video stabilization methods and tools generate truncated filters for use in the temporal smoothing of global motion transforms representing jittery motion in captured video. The truncated filters comprise future and past tap counts that can be different from each other and are typically less than those of a baseline filter providing a baseline of video stabilization quality. The truncated filter future tap count can be determined experimentally by comparing a smoothed global motion transform set generated by applying a baseline filter to a video segment to those generated by multiple test filter with varying future tap counts, then settings the truncated filter future tap count based on an inflection point on an error-future tap count curve. A similar approach can be used to determine the truncated filter past tap count.

Abstract: A wideband highly linear amplifier includes a plurality of pre-distortion units for respectively linearizing digital signals of a plurality of bands, a synthesis unit for synthesizing output signals of the pre-distortion units, a single amplifier for amplifying signals outputted from the synthesis unit, distribution units for respectively separating the signals for each of the plurality of bands from the output signals of the amplifier, a plurality of inverse compensation attenuators for respectively attenuating the separated signals for each of the plurality of bands, and a feedback path for respectively feeding the attenuated signals for each of the plurality of bands back into the pre-distortion unit of the corresponding band out of the plurality of the pre-distortion units.

Abstract: A radio communication device includes: an instantaneous coefficient acquisition unit that acquires an instantaneous coefficient that corrects an instantaneous change contained in a burst distortion corresponding to an elapsed time from a top of a burst signal in which a constant power level continues and instantaneously changes the power level of the burst signal; an average coefficient acquisition unit that acquires an average coefficient that corrects an average change contained in the burst distortion and gradually changes the power level of the burst signal from the top to an end of the burst signal; a synthesizer that synthesizes the instantaneous coefficient acquired by the instantaneous coefficient acquisition unit with the average coefficient acquired by the average coefficient acquisition unit; and a corrector that uses a correction coefficient obtained from the synthesizing by the synthesizer to correct the burst distortion occurring in the burst signal.

Abstract: A distortion compensation device includes: a storage configured to store a distortion compensation coefficient for compensating a distortion of a transmission signal to be amplified and transmitted, by corresponding to a combination of a plurality of addresses; a first generator configured to generate a first address according to a power or an amplitude of an input signal; a second generator configured to generate a second address according to a first vector to interconnect sample points on an IQ plane where the sample points of the input signal are drawn in time series; and a distortion compensation unit configured to acquire the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to a combination of the first address and the second address from the storage, and to perform a predistortion processing on the input signal, by using the acquired distortion compensation coefficient, so as to generate the transmission signal.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) front end chip in a phased array antenna panel for transmitting a modulated circularly-polarized signal is disclosed. The RF front end chip includes an oscillator providing an angular speed modulation signal to a quadrature generation block, the quadrature generation block providing an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal based on the angular speed modulation signal, a first amplifier receiving the in-phase signal and a data signal, and providing a modulated horizontally-polarized signal, and a second amplifier receiving the quadrature signal and the data signal, and providing a modulated vertically-polarized signal, where a modulated circularly-polarized signal is generated based on the modulated horizontally-polarized signal and the modulated vertically-polarized signal. The angular speed modulation signal controls an angular speed of the modulated circularly-polarized signal. The data signal is encoded by the angular speed modulation signal.

Abstract: A signal amplification method includes receiving, from a capacitive sensor, a first input signal by a first control terminal of a first transistor, and a second input signal by a first control terminal of a second transistor. The method also includes producing a first output signal, including amplifying a first signal at a first load path terminal of the first transistor using a first inverting amplifier having an output coupled to a resistance network, and producing a second output signal, including amplifying a second signal at a first load path terminal of the second transistor using a second inverting amplifier having an output coupled to the resistance network. The method also includes feeding back the first and second output signal to a second load path terminal of the first transistor and to a second load path terminal of the second transistor via the resistance network according to a pre-determined fraction.

Abstract: In some examples, a circuit is configured to generate a first signal based at least in part on an input signal, wherein the first signal comprises a common mode signal and a load signal. The circuit is further configured to generate a second signal based at least in part on the input signal, wherein the second signal comprises an inverted version of the common mode signal. The circuit is further configured to apply the first signal and the second signal to a load.

Abstract: Embodiments contained in the disclosure provide a method of cancelling power supply noise that affects the output of a class-D audio amplifier. The method begins when an alternating current (AC) coupled signal is input into an inverting amplifier. That signal is then amplified in the inverting amplifier. The amplified AC coupled signal is then feed through a resistor capacitor (RC) network, and from the RC network to an inverting input of the inverting amplifier. The output of a high pass filter is used to cancel the power supply ripple signal as the output of the high pass filter is injected into a supply voltage line. The cancelling signal is opposite in magnitude to the power supply ripple signal. The apparatus includes an inverting amplifier, a capacitor for coupling to an AC signal, and a resistor, in combination with the capacitor.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining validity of samples for a digital pre-distortion apparatus is disclosed. It is an object of at least one embodiment to provide a method and an apparatus for determining validity of samples for a digital pre-distortion apparatus that is configured to compensate for nonlinearity of a power amplifier in an efficient manner by accurately estimating a pre-distortion coefficient with a low-capacity memory.

Abstract: A digital optical transmitter of the present invention comprises an optical modulator, pre-equalization factor computation means for generating transform functions for compensating waveform distortion to occur in the optical modulator, and pre-equalization signal generation means for outputting third data and fourth data after creating them by performing a pre-equalization process on first data and second data. Here, through the transform functions, the first data is added to the fourth data, in a manner depending on a characteristic of the optical modulator, and the second data is added to the third data, in a manner depending on a characteristic of the optical modulator.

Abstract: A power detector for detecting an output power of a power amplifier is provided. The power amplifier is used to transmit signal power to the antenna. The power detector includes a phase shifter, a multiplier and a calibration unit. The phase shifter sequentially applies a plurality of candidate phase calibration amounts to the output voltage of the power amplifier to generate a plurality of adjusted signals with different phases in a calibration mode. The multiplier sequentially mixes the replica current and each of the plurality of adjusted signals, to generate a plurality of analog signals with different phases. The calibration circuit determines a target phase calibration amount of the phase shifter from the candidate phase calibration amounts according to the plurality of analog signals.

Abstract: An embodiment of an amplifier system includes a modifiable signal adjustment device with an RF signal adjustment circuit coupled between first and second nodes. The RF signal adjustment circuit includes an adjustable phase shifter and an adjustable attenuator coupled in series with each other. The device also includes a memory and a controller circuit. The controller circuit retrieves a phase shift value and an attenuation value from the memory. The controller circuit then controls the adjustable phase shifter to apply a phase shift corresponding to the phase shift value to an input RF signal received at the first node, and controls the adjustable attenuator to apply an attenuation corresponding to the attenuation value to the input RF signal. Applying the phase shift and the attenuation results in an output RF signal at the second node.

Abstract: A method of compressing the audio dynamics of an audio signal. The method includes a step of acquiring an audio signal; a step of selecting a first instant of the audio signal; a step of calculating a plurality of partial gains corresponding, respectively, to a plurality of observation windows of the audio signal that are centered on the first instant, the width of the observation windows following a geometric progression with a rate and first term that are predefined; a step of summing the partial gains calculated in a first corrective term; and a step of applying the first corrective term to the audio signal at the first instant.

Abstract: A system that includes combiner circuitry configured to combine a first signal and a second signal to generate a third signal, wherein said third signal is output for transmission onto a communication medium. The system also includes nonlinearity modeling circuitry configured to model a nonlinear response of a nonlinear circuit, and generate a fourth signal through nonlinear distortion of a fifth signal using said model. The system also includes bin modification circuitry configured to generate said second signal through application of one or more weighting factors to frequency bins of said fourth signal, or of a transformed version of said fourth signal, and determine said weighting factors based on a difference, or squared difference, error metric.

Abstract: Enhancing the intermodulation performance of an RF power amplifier by determining a coarse time delay represented by an integer TI; determining a reference point for a transmitted signal waveform of the RF power amplifier; shifting the waveform by a set of offsets including a plurality of non-integer fractional steps; correlating the transmitted signal waveform with a feedback signal waveform to obtain a respective correlation value for each of corresponding fractional steps; obtaining an accurate fractional delay value by selecting a fractional step having a highest respective correlation value; applying the obtained correct fractional delay value to the transmitted signal waveform to provide a compensated transmitted signal waveform and combining the compensated transmitted signal waveform with the feedback signal waveform to reduce at least one intermodulation product of the RF power amplifier.

Abstract: A wireless receiver includes an antenna receiving a right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) signal and a left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) signal, a first amplifier and a second amplifier coupled to the antenna, an intermediate summer coupled to the first and second amplifiers and providing a first intermediate signal, an intermediate subtractor coupled to the first and second amplifiers and providing a second intermediate signal. The wireless receiver also includes a V-signal summer providing a V-component output based on a sum of the first intermediate signal and the second intermediate signal, and an H-signal subtractor providing an H-component output based on a difference between the first intermediate signal and the second intermediate signal. The wireless receiver is configured to provide the V-component output and the H-component output without using a phase shifter.

Abstract: A distortion compensation device coupled to an amplifier configured to amplify power of a transmission signal, the distortion compensation device including a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory and the processor configured to obtain the transmission signal sampled with a first sampling rate, obtain the transmission signal sampled with a second sampling rate, the second sampling rate being higher than the first sampling rate, extract an odd-order harmonic from the transmission signal sampled with the second sampling rate, correct a phase and an amplitude of the odd-order harmonic, add the corrected odd-order harmonic to the transmission signal with a first sampling rate, and output, toward the amplifier, the transmission signal to which the corrected odd-order harmonic is added.

Abstract: A crosstalk processing method, an apparatus, and a system comprise a transceiver of a line that generates, respectively according to pilot sequences allocated by a vectoring control entity, pilot training signals that are within different spectral ranges and that satisfy a preset relationship with a pilot training signal of another line such that a receiver of the line can determine sample errors respectively according to the different pilot training signals. A vectoring control entity then determines crosstalk channel coefficients from the other line into an inband spectrum and an out-of-band spectrum of the line, and performs precoding processing on a to-be-sent data signal of the line to eliminate impact of crosstalk from the other line to the inband and out-of-band spectrums of the line.

Abstract: A power amplifier circuit includes an amplifier MOSFET and a predistorter MOSFET. The predistorter MOSFET source and drain are connected together, and the predistorter MOSFET is connected between the gate of the amplifier MOSFET and a second bias voltage signal. This biasing of the predistorter MOSFET causes it to provide a nonlinear capacitance at the gate of the amplifier MOSFET. The combined non-linear capacitances of the amplifier MOSFET and predistorter MOSFET provide predistortion that promotes cancellation of the distortion or nonlinearity contributed by the amplifier MOSFET alone.

Abstract: A radio-frequency (RF) generator is provided that includes an exciter, a power amplifier, a filter, a sensor, and a frequency-tuning subsystem.

Abstract: The peak level of a high frequency analog signal in an RF receiver is detected by a system which samples the signal and compares it against a static threshold, generating an above/below status. The system is implemented with a sampler of sufficient aperture bandwidth to capture the signal in question, operated at a clock frequency, dynamically chosen as a function of fLO (local oscillator frequency) and the desired fIF (intermediate frequency), to minimize in-band intermodulation products. The sampler produces kickback intermodulation products that are positioned out-of-band, or are of low enough power in-band so as to be inconsequential. Samples are taken for a statistically significant period of time, and the status is used to adapt the threshold to systematically determine the peak amplitude of the signal being observed.

Abstract: A predistortion system for linearizing the output of a power amplifier includes a first signal representative of an RF modulated signal and a feedback signal representative of nonlinear characteristics of a power amplifier. The system also includes a predistortion controller, comprising at least one lookup table, adapted to receive the first signal and the feedback signal and to generate a correction factor for correcting the nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier and combining logic which combines the RF modulated signal with a signal corresponding to the correction factor and supplies it to the power amplifier to linearize the output of the power amplifier.

Abstract: An example method for facilitating a high power efficient amplifier through digital pre-distortion (DPD) in cable network environments is provided and includes receiving a first signal and a second signal at a DPD coefficient finder in an amplifier module of a cable modem, the second signal including transformations of the first signal from distortions due to channel effects and amplifier nonlinearity, synchronizing the first signal and the second signal, removing the channel effects, computing a first vector representing an inverse of the nonlinearity of the amplifier, computing a second vector representing an inverse of certain channel effects and providing DPD coefficients to a DPD actuator, the DPD coefficients including the first vector and the second vector, the DPD actuator predistorting an input signal to the amplifier module with the DPD coefficients, such that an output signal from the amplifier module retains linearity relative to the input signal.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for modelling a power amplifier and pre-distorter fed by one of a wideband signal and an intra-band carrier aggregated signal are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method includes receiving the one of the wideband signal and the intra-band carrier aggregated signal and generating a discrete base band equivalent, BBE, Volterra series based on the received signal, where the series has distortion products grouped according to determined shared kernels. The shared kernels are determined based on a transformation of a real-valued continuous-time pass band Volterra series without pruning of kernels.

Abstract: A controller can include a signal generator configured to provide an input signal to a modulator. The controller can be configured to generate a modulator compensation parameter in response to a modulated feedback signal corresponding to an output of the modulator. The controller can also be configured to generate a power amplifier predistortion signal in response to an amplified feedback signal corresponding to an output of a power amplifier coupled to the modulator.

Abstract: Appropriate signal processing may be beneficial in a variety of communication systems and elements thereof. For example, time domain digital pre-distortion may benefit from suitable treatment of frequency switching. A method can include determining whether an instantaneous frequency of an input signal is positive or negative. The method can also include selecting a pre-distortion model from a set of pre-distortion models based on the determination of positive or negative instantaneous frequency. The method can further include applying the selected pre-distortion model to the input signal for a time corresponding to the determination of instantaneous frequency to provide an output signal. The method can additionally include providing the output signal to a power amplifier.

Abstract: A RF communication system includes a radio transmitter comprising an RF power amplifier, the RF power amplifier including an input to receive an RF signal for transmission and being configured to amplify the RF signal for transmission across a communication channel; a RF digital pre- or post-distortion configured to compensate for nonlinearity of the RF communication system by operating on the RF signal entering or exiting the amplifier.

Abstract: Methods and systems for crest factor reduction may comprise generating an original waveform to be amplified by a programmable gain amplifier (PGA); generating a distortion signal utilizing a PGA model that predicts an output signal of the PGA based on the original waveform; generating an error signal by subtracting out the original waveform from the distortion signal; filtering the generated error signal; generating a conditioned waveform with crest factor reduced from that of the original waveform by adding the filtered error signal to the original waveform; and amplifying the conditioned waveform. The crest factor of the original waveform may be reduced based on spectral mask requirements. The generating of the conditioned waveform may be iterated. The distortion signal may be generated based on a predistortion model. A signal may be fed back from an output of the PGA to the predistortion model, which may be dynamically configured.

Abstract: Disclosed is a test and measurement instrument having a multiple variable bandwidth frequency mask. The instrument includes an input processor for receiving an input signal and producing a digital signal, as well as a trigger signal generator for generating a trigger signal on the occurrence of a trigger event. A time to frequency converter converts a frame of digital data from the digital signal into a frequency spectrum having at least two frequency bins of dissimilar frequency widths. Each frequency bin has a power amplitude value. The trigger signal is generated when the power amplitude value of any of the at least two frequency bins violates an associated reference power level. In some cases the output may be shown as a density trace, and the trigger signal generated when any point of the density trace violates an associated density threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an amplifier comprising an input, a capacitor having a capacitor first side and a capacitor second side, wherein the capacitor first side is coupled to the input, a switch having a switch first side and a switch second side, wherein the switch first side is coupled to the capacitor second side, and a transistor having a transistor gate, and a transistor source, wherein the transistor gate is coupled to the input and the capacitor first side, wherein the transistor source is coupled to the switch second side and wherein the switch is positioned directly between the capacitor second side and the transistor source.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a low-noise amplifier having a characteristic of high linearity for multi-band. Embodiments of the present invention is to provide a low-noise amplifier (LNA), which realizes a balun function and a preamplifier function of mixer in the low-noise amplifier (LNA), and minimizes the factors reducing the linearity between the low-noise amplifier (LNA) and the mixer.