Abstract: An oscillating switch includes: a lower casing; a contact circuit member provided on the lower casing and including a through hole; a rubber switch member provided on the contact circuit member and including a pair of rubber contact portions and a through hole; an upper casing for covering the rubber switch member; an operating knob pivotally supported by the upper casing; pressing portions formed on the operating knob SO as to depress the corresponding rubber contact portions, respectively; and a click feeling-producing mechanism, for producing a suitable click feeling when the operating knob is operated, which passing through the through holes of the contact circuit member and the rubber switch member.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit is described and has an oscillator core with at least one inductance and, connected thereto, a first and second capacitance. A deattenuator is coupled to the oscillator core and has two transistors, which are cross-coupled to one another in a non-direct-electrical coupling. The respective load terminal of a respective transistor is directly connected to a reference-ground potential terminal. The non-direct-electrical, for example inductive, coupling of the transistors in combination with the transistors directly connected to ground enables a greater modulation capability and also a smaller phase noise of the oscillator circuit. In this case, the transistors are operated as current switches. In preferred embodiments, the oscillator circuit has a regulating circuit for a bias voltage and an operating-current setting.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator changes two different frequencies to operate, and includes a resonance circuit, an oscillation circuit, and a buffer circuit. The resonance circuit includes a variable capacity diode, a diode which is a switching element, a strip line resonator, an inductor, a resistor, coupling capacitors, and a DC blocking capacitor. The intermediate tap CT1, which is located at a position other than the ends in the strip line resonator, of the strip line resonator is grounded via the diode as the switching element, and the DC blocking capacitor. The diode as the switching element is connected to a control terminal via the resistor.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor integrated circuit device for realizing in the higher accuracy the verification of a plurality of operations of a clock generation circuit to form an internal clock signal and enabling verification for various performances of the internal clock signal generation circuit while simplifying the structure thereof. In such semiconductor integrated circuit device, a measuring circuit for conducting at least two kinds of measurements among the measurements of lock time until the predetermined internal clock signal corresponding to the input clock signal can be obtained, the maximum frequency of the internal clock signal and jitter of the internal clock signal is provided to the clock generation circuit to form the internal clock signal corresponding to the input clock signal inputted from an external terminal. Thereby, operations of the clock generation circuit can be verified with higher accuracy within the semiconductor integrated circuit device.

Abstract: An oscillator including a circuit board having a dielectric layer therein; an oscillator circuit comprising its components and an inductor element, the components being mounted on a front surface of the circuit board and at least a part of the inductor element being internally disposed in the dielectric layer; and a back conductor provided on a back surface of the circuit board; wherein the back conductor has two or more slits or pinholes through which a laser beam is passed for partially cutting the dielectric layer together with the internally disposed inductor element at plural sites for adjustment of an oscillation characteristic.

Abstract: A PLL circuit comprises a circuit which issues an alarm when fluctuation of the potential of a DC power source connected to the PLL circuit exceeds a predefined range. A first potential generation circuit generates a first potential higher than a steady-state potential of the DC power source. A second potential generation circuit generates a second potential lower than the steady-state potential of the DC power source. A first comparator circuit compares a local maximum potential of the DC power source with the first potential. A second comparator circuit compares a local minimum potential of the DC power source with the second potential. A supply circuit supplies a drive voltage to an alarm issuer, in a case where the local maximum potential is higher than the first potential, and/or the local minimum potential is lower than the second potential, based on the comparison results.

Abstract: A frequency-generator circuit employs the same circuit element (preferably a varactor) to perform the functions of parametric frequency-divider and frequency-adjustment element for an oscillator used to pump the parametric frequency-divider. The varactor preferably has a flat gamma-characteristic (gamma preferably >2) over a required bias-voltage adjustment range corresponding to the required frequency-adjustment range.

Abstract: To provide a new data transmission system between a game device and related peripheral devices, and a device using same. Serial transmission data is divided into an odd-numbered bit sequence and an even-numbered bit sequence. Each bit of the odd-numbered bit sequence data is distributed respectively between pulses of a first pulse sequence signal having a constant interval, thereby forming a first pulse sequence signal (SDCKA). Each bit of the even-numbered bit sequence data is distributed respectively between pulses of a second pulse sequence signal having a constant interval, thereby forming a second pulse sequence signal (SDCKB). The respective time axes are adjusted such that the clock component of the first pulse sequence signal is located in the data section of the second pulse sequence signal, and the clock component of the second pulse sequence signal is located in the data section of the first pulse sequence signal.

Abstract: A plurality of surface-mounting components are mounted on a mother printed-circuit board provided with component-connecting electrodes, engagement holes, and case-fixing electrodes provided inside the engagement holes. Soldering paste is applied in the vicinity of the engagement holes or in an area covering a portion of each of the engagement holes and the vicinity of the engagement holes on the mother printed-circuit board from the side of the component-mounted surface such that soldering paste is not entirely filled in the engagement hole. A plurality of shielding cases are engaged in the mother printed-circuit board by inserting engagement protrusion portions of the shielding cases into the engagement holes. Then the engagement protrusion portions of the shielding cases are soldered to case-fixing electrodes inside the engagement holes by melting solder in the soldering paste. The mother printed-circuit board is then cut and divided into individual electronic components.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator includes at least two active components and a dielectric resonator. The coupling between each active component and the dielectric resonator is of the transmission type and the inputs of neighboring active components are connected to a first point coupled to the resonator and likewise the outputs of the active components are connected to a second point coupled to the resonator. A push-push oscillator of the above kind is simple to produce and its operation is relatively insensitive to adjustments.

Abstract: A push—push oscillator is formed by (a) a resonator circuit including a transmission line having one-half wavelength and both ends of the line being left open, and a capacitance for frequency control coupled to the transmission line in parallel, and (b) two oscillators electrically identical to each other and their input sections being coupled to both the ends of the transmission line. Further, this oscillator can take out an output signal of even-order-harmonics from a midpoint of the transmission line in a transmitting direction as well as take out two fundamental waves from respective output sections of two branch oscillators. This push—push oscillator operating with a high frequency is downsized and simplified from a conventional one. Its phase-noise-characteristics and noise immunity are also improved.

Abstract: A push-push microwave oscillator has two branch oscillators fabricated of a transistor and transmission line elements extending from terminals of the transistor, and a resonator which is fabricated of an annulus of superconductor material and serves to phase lock oscillations of the two branch oscillators. The superconductor material is a composite of a rare earth element and copper oxide such as yttrium-barium-copper oxide. A first transmission line in each of the branch oscillators extends past the resonator with a spacing to provide for electromagnetic coupling between the branch oscillator and the resonator. A second transmission line in each of the branch oscillators has a length equal to approximately one-quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency to tune the branch oscillator to a common oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A push-push oscillator including a resonator having a transmission line and a capacitance connected to the transmission line in parallel; an oscillating circuit responsive to the resonator for oscillating and for producing first and second outputs having an antiphase relation therebetween; an in-phase combining circuit for summing the first and second outputs of said oscillating circuit to produce a summed signal; and an antiphase combining circuit responsive to two components from the resonator having an antiphase relation for producing a differential signal in accordance with a difference between the two components. Alternatively, the in-phase combining circuit is connected to the resonator and the antiphase combining circuit is connected to the oscillating circuit. The antiphase combining circuit outputs a fundamental wave component of the resonator. The in-phase combining circuit outputs a second harmonic wave component.

Abstract: The present invention resides in a push-push voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) utilizing parallel LC resonant tank circuits for improved phase noise characteristics. The push-push VCO of the present invention includes two voltage controlled oscillators connected in parallel and in phase opposition, with each oscillator including a transistor connected in series with the parallel LC resonant tank circuit. The oscillators operate at the same resonant frequency f.sub.0, but are 180 degrees out of phase. Therefore, the fundamental and odd harmonics of the resonant frequency f.sub.0 cancel each other out and the even harmonics add together to produce an output signal at twice the resonant frequency f.sub.0.

Abstract: A push-push oscillator comprises: a resonator having a transmission line and a capacitance connected to the transmission line in parallel; an oscillator for producing two outputs having an antiphase relation therebetween in response to the resonator; and a differential signal producing circuit for producing a differential signal in accordance with difference between these two outputs. These outputs can be obtained from the resonator. The transmission lines comprise strip line or microstrip line which is curved to form an open loop. The transmission line may be made of a dielectric material and is curved to form an open loop whose both ends are connected to a capacitance. The resonator may further comprise two second transmission lines, each provided to an end of the transmission line, these two second transmission lines facing each other with a given distance therebetween, the distance and length of the second transmission lines being determined such that necessary capacitance is provided.

Abstract: A push-push broadband dielectric resonator oscillator circuit that operates in the K and Ka band frequency range has two oscillator circuits that oscillate at the same fundamental frequency. An antiphaseal relationship is maintained between the two oscillators through the use of a dielectric resonator and the desired frequency is obtained by vectorially combining the output signals of the two oscillators that have the antiphase relationship to obtain an output frequency that is twice the fundamental frequency of operation of each of the individual dielectric resonator oscillator circuits.

Abstract: A microwave frequency oscillator utilizing a push-push configuration to provide a low noise highly stable output signal at twice the frequency of a single resonator. The single resonator is connected in the feedback loop of two amplifiers. Additional circuit elements insure the proper oscillation conditions and relative phase are maintained. The use of a single resonator makes possible the application of various noise reduction techniques.

Abstract: A radio frequency circuit for ICRF heating includes a resonant push-pull circuit, a double ridged rectangular waveguide, and a coupling transition which joins the waveguide to the resonant circuit. The resonant circuit includes two cylindrical conductors mounted side by side and two power vacuum tubes attached to respective ends of a cylindrical conductor. A conductive yoke is located at the other end of the cylindrical conductors to short circuit the two cylindrical conductors. The coupling transition includes two relatively flat rectangular conductors extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of a respective cylindrical conductor to which the flat conductor is attached intermediate the ends thereof. Conductive side covers and end covers are also provided for forming pockets in the waveguide into which the flat conductors extend when the waveguide is attached to a shielding enclosure surrounding the resonant circuit.

Abstract: A radio-frequency amplifier includes at least two double-ended electron discharge devices in coaxial-type, radio-frequency cavity-resonator circuits. Each discharge device has a discharge region so that the amplifier comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart, electrically connected discharge regions. Each of the discharge regions has a cathode with an anode circumscribing the cathode. At least one grid electrode is disposed between the cathode and the anode. A coaxial input transmission line is loop-coupled to an input cavity-resonator circuit and a coaxial output transmission line is loop-coupled to an output cavity-resonator circuit.

Abstract: A push-pull microwave oscillator circuit, including two transistors, for producing the second harmonic of a fundamental frequency at a symmetry point of the circuit which is connected to the bases of the transistors through identical arrangements of circuit elements. The circuit includes tuning means coupled to at least one of the transistors, an output and an input. The output, which is utilized to provide to a phase comparison means an output signal at the fundamental of the second harmonic frequency, is coupled to the base of at least one of the transistors by a capacitive impedance. The input, which is utilized to receive a tuning signal produced by the phase comparison means in response to the output signal, is coupled to the tuning means.

Abstract: A very simple oscillator circuit, using a FET pair with RF coupled, DC isolated gates, selectively operates at two widely separated microwave frequencies. The two FETs are DC isolated so that one of them can be pinched off (to act as a passive element) while the other remains active. Thus, for example, a two-FET push-push oscillator operating at 20 GHz can switch downband, when one FET is pinched off, to act as a fundamental mode oscillator at 121/2 GHz. The circuit is integrable. In alternative embodiments, more than two FETs are used, for switching over a wider frequency range when one or two of them is pinched off.