Abstract: A microwave component has a cavity including a plurality of geometrically shaped elements therein wherein the shape profile and position of the elements in relation to the cavity act to define the guiding properties of the cavity and therefore to define operational characteristics of the component.

Abstract: An oscillation circuit is constructed by providing a line and a Gunn diode on a dielectric substrate, and an oscillation signal as the fundamental frequency signal of an oscillator is injected into the Gunn diode through a DC bias line. By disposing a dielectric stripline between upper and lower conductor plates, at NRD guide as an output transmission line is constructed, and the line and the NRD guide are coupled. The cutoff frequency of the NRD guide is determined so that the fundamental wave component of oscillation signal of the oscillation circuit is cut off and a harmonic is propagated.

Abstract: A precision non-symmetrical L-shape waveguide end-launching probe for launching microwave signals in both vertical and horizontal polarizations is disclosed. The L-shape waveguide probe is in a form of thin plate, has a first arm and a second arm, and is precisely fabricated and attached to one end of the central metal pin of a feedthrough. The feedthrough is installed to an aperture formed in a major wall of the universal conductive housing to achieve hermetic sealing. The L-shape waveguide probe is aligned by means of a specially designed alignment tool so that long axis of the second arm is always perpendicular to the broad walls of the output waveguide, which is mounted to the universal housing with the broad walls of the output waveguide either horizontally or vertically. Hence, in this invention, an end-launching arrangement using the L-shape probes that could yield a flexible waveguide interface either in horizontal polarization or vertical polarization is provided.

Abstract: A coplanar waveguide for use in dielectric spectroscopy of biological solution is described. The waveguide's inner conductor can have a small gap and a sample containing space is laid over the gap. The sample containing space holds a small volume, ranging from a few picoliters to a few microliters of a biological solution. The waveguide is then driven with electrical signals across an extremely wide frequency range from 40 Hz to 40 GHz. The waveguide is coupled to a network or impedance analyzer by means of appropriate connectors and the response of the biological solution to the input signals is recorded. One-port and two-port measurements can be made without any modifications. The simple geometry of the waveguide makes it easy to integrate with microfluidic systems.

Abstract: A line transition device which intervenes between a non radiative dielectric waveguide and a hollow waveguide for example, includes a dielectric waveguide having a dielectric strip held by a pair of conductors which face each other, and a waveguide, wherein a part of the dielectric strip of the dielectric waveguide is adjacent to or inserted in the hollow waveguide.

Abstract: This invention relates to the design of a microwave component utilizing geometric shapes positioned within the channel of a waveguide structure so as to produce microwave manipulation characteristics, with associated near and far fields, whereby predetermined performance requirements may be satisfied.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an NRD guide which can be used in a wide band in a state where output levels of distributed high-frequency signals are nearly equal and does not require precise positioning, thereby enhancing mass productivity thereof. The NRD guide comprises a first straight dielectric strip made of cordierite ceramics having a dielectric constant of 4.8 and a dielectric loss of 2.7×10−4 (at a measurement frequency of 77 GHz) and having a section of 1.0 mm width×2.25 mm height, and a second dielectric strip joined to the first dielectric strip at a midway position thereof so as to be branched along an arc and bent at an angle of 90°, wherein the first and second dielectric strips are integrally produced, and the radius of curvature r of a junction (branched portion) of the second dielectric strip is 12.7 mm, which is larger than the wavelength &lgr;≈5 mm of high-frequency signals of 60 GHz.

Abstract: A microwave microstrip/waveguide transition structure includes a substrate, an elongated microstrip layer residing on a surface of the substrate, and an elongated integral hollow waveguide on the surface of the substrate. The microstrip layer and a side of the hollow waveguide constitute a single continuous piece of metal. The transition structure is fabricated by providing a substrate, depositing a metallic layer on the substrate, and depositing a metallic hollow housing continuous with a portion of a length of the metallic layer. The metallic hollow waveguide bounded by the metallic layer and the metallic hollow housing and having a contained volume therewithin is thereby defined.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided on a circuit board thereof with two printed probes that are perpendicular to and spaced from each other by a predetermined distance to receive electric waves guided into the waveguide in two different directions. The two probes are separately located in two rectangular patterns that are provided outside a round pattern. The two rectangular patterns are separately located at a lower or an upper side and to a lateral side of the round pattern and both have a feed opening provided at an edge adjacent to the round pattern. Thus, it is possible to obtain a good cross-polarization isolation between the two probes for them to more effectively receive electric waves without interfering with each other.

Abstract: Construction of printed circuit boards (PCBs) containing electromagnetic shielding and conductive tubes forming signal lines and/or waveguides. The method of construction calls for forming of grooves through layers of the PCB and coating the interior surfaces of these grooves with conductive material. These conductor-coated groove walls serve as conductive surfaces between embedded conductive surfaces on different layers. The conductive surfaces thus joined form a continuous electrically conductive surface that can be configured to act as an electromagnetic shield. Such conductive surfaces may be configured with internal conductors to act as a signal line, or without internal conductors to act as a waveguide.

Abstract: An interconnection system for effecting the rapid connection and disconnection of facing components comprises male and female connectors. A first end of the male connector is generally rectangular. The second end has a cylindrical portion extending inwardly, an inner face, and radially extending flanges. Recesses are formed between the flanges and the first end. The female connector is configured to mate with the male. When in the locked state the flanges of the male connector form a coplanar coupling with receivers of the female connector.

Abstract: An interconnection system for effecting the rapid connection and disconnection of facing components comprises male and female connectors. A first end of the male connector is generally rectangular. The second end has a cylindrical portion extending inwardly, an inner face, and radially extending flanges. Recesses are formed between the flanges and the first end. The female connector is configured to mate with the male. When in the locked state the flanges of the male connector form a coplanar coupling with receivers of the female connector.

Abstract: A non-radiative hybrid dielectric line transition permits a line transformation between two different types of non-radiative dielectric lines to be performed in a limited space. In addition, a non-radiative dielectric line component, an antenna apparatus, and a wireless apparatus include the above line transition. In this structure, a dielectric strip is disposed between a lower conductive plate and an upper conductive plate to form each of a hyper NRD waveguide (HNRD) and a normal NRD waveguide (NNRD). Between the two waveguides, grooves whose depths gradually become shallow from the HNRD to the NNRD are formed for receiving a third non-radiative dielectric line for performing a line transformation.

Abstract: A dielectric-waveguide attenuator, a dielectric-waveguide terminator, and a wireless apparatus incorporating the same in which the length of a dielectric waveguide is shortened in a direction in which an electromagnetic wave propagates to reduce the size of the overall module. The two parts of a split dielectric strip are placed between an upper conductive plate and a lower conductive plate to form the dielectric waveguide, and a substrate having at least two resistance-film patterns formed thereon is positioned between the two dielectric strips. With this arrangement, the resistance films both attenuate signals and also discontinuously change line impedance at a plurality of places and synthesize the electromagnetic waves reflected at the parts where the line impedance discontinuously changes so that the reflected waves cancel each other.

Abstract: A first waveguide groove is formed in a sidewall of a main casing housing a first circuit board, and a second waveguide groove is formed in a sidewall of a sub-casing hermetically housing a second circuit board such that the first waveguide groove is in continuous connection with the second waveguide groove. Further, a lid is attached to the sidewall of the main casing so as to cover the first and the second waveguide grooves, and a probe provided on the second circuit board protrudes into the second waveguide groove. In addition, an inclined plane is formed at an end of the first waveguide groove so as to be in continuous connection with a through-hole provided in the lid.

Abstract: A waveguide arrangement for microwaves and the like has a first waveguide composed of a material having a first thermal expansion coefficient, a second waveguide composed of a material having a second thermal expansion coefficient which is different from the first thermal expansion coefficient, and a transition element provided between the first and second waveguides for mechanical uncoupling of the different thermal expansion coefficients of both the waveguides.

Abstract: An instrument is disclosed for microwave-assisted chemical processes that avoids tuning discrepancies that otherwise result based upon the materials being heated. The instrument includes a source of microwave radiation, a waveguide in communication with the source, with at least a portion of the waveguide forming a cylindrical arc, a cylindrical cavity immediately surrounded by the cylindrical arc portions of the waveguide, and at least three slotted openings in the circumference of the circular waveguide that provide microwave communication between the waveguide and the cavity.

Abstract: The invention provides a highly-reliable, low-loss non-radiative dielectric waveguide. According to one aspect of the invention, a non-radiative dielectric waveguide comprises parallel planar conductors arranged at an interval of half or below of a high-frequency signal wavelength, and a dielectric strip interposed between the parallel planar conductors. The dielectric strip has a 0.01 to 0.3 mm-wide chamfer formed at its edge portion in a high-frequency signal transmission direction. According to another aspect of the invention, a non-radiative dielectric waveguide comprises parallel planar conductors arranged at an interval of half or below of a high-frequency signal wavelength, and a dielectric strip interposed between the parallel planar conductors. The dielectric strip is made of a ceramics having an open pore ratio of 5% or less.

Abstract: In a transmission line assembly, a dielectric plate has a continuous protruding portion on at least one of the surfaces thereof so as to form a convex section, electrodes are formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate including the outer surface of the protruding portion, and a plurality of through holes, each electrically interconnecting the electrodes formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate, is arrayed on each side along the protruding portion. Accordingly, the space surrounded by the electrodes and the arrayed through holes operates as a transmission line in a mode equivalent to TE10 mode.

Abstract: A waveguide arrangement for microwaves and the like has a first waveguide composed of a material having a first thermal expansion coefficient, a second waveguide composed of a material having a second thermal expansion coefficient which is different from the first thermal expansion coefficient, and a transition element provided between the first and second waveguides for mechanical uncoupling of the different thermal expansion coefficients of both the waveguides.

Abstract: A device for tuning the propagation of electromagnetic energy. The device includes a first and a second periodic dielectric structure. One of the periodic dielectric structures is movable with respect to the other periodic dielectric structure to modify a composite propagating wave characteristic of the device.

Abstract: A dielectric line converter which includes a dielectric stripline; an upper conductor surface and a lower conductor surface sandwiching the dielectric stripline; the upper and lower conductor surfaces having a first spacing in a first region along the dielectric stripline so as to form a first-kind dielectric line, a second spacing which is substantially zero in a second region so as to form a second-kind dielectric line, and a third spacing which is less than the first spacing in a line conversion region between the first and second regions. Grooves may be formed in the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower conductor surfaces, and the dielectric stripline may be arranged in the grooves. Impedance matching between the first-kind and second-kind dielectric lines is arranged n the line conversion region. The length of the line conversion portion may be set to be an odd multiple of &lgr;/4.

Abstract: Conventionally, waveguide terminals formed in a plurality of dielectric substrates are joined together by mounting the dielectric substrates on carriers and fastening them to a waveguide adapter with screws. In the present invention, ot reduce cost and improve machinability, a plurality of solders 7 are disposed around the waveguide terminal 2b formed in one dielectric substrate 1b, and the other dielectric substrate 1a having the waveguide terminal 2a is placed across the solders 7 to thereby connect the waveguide terminals by soldering.

Abstract: A device with a nonradiative dielectric waveguide which operates in a microwave band or in a millimeter wave band. The device with a nonradiative dielectric waveguide is, for example, an oscillator, a circulator, a coupler or the like. The device has a pair of parallel conductors, a dielectric strip which is disposed between the conductors and propagates a high-frequency electromagnetic wave in a specified mode, a mounting surface which is formed on one of the conductors, and an end surface which is defined by an end of each of the conductors so as to be vertical to a traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave propagated in the dielectric strip. An end of the dielectric strip is exposed at a corresponding end surface of the device.

Abstract: A right circular cylindrical body of an isotropic dielectric such as a cross-linked styrene copolymer, has respective pluralities of mutually parallel grooves formed in its axial end faces, spaced apart by an intermediate portion whose dimension c is a half wavelength. The axial lengths a, b of the grooves are such that when a wave passes through the body, a quarter wavelength phase difference is produced between a component of a wave having its E-vector parallel to the grooves and a component of the wave having its E-vector orthogonal to the grooves. Alternatively the plate may consist of two or more discrete bodies whose grooves are dimensioned to produce a total differential phase shift of one quarter wavelength.

Abstract: A conducting film is formed on a dielectric block in a dielectric waveguide resonator, and a through-hole is formed in the dielectric block. The unloaded Q is set by selecting the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. The resonance frequency is set by selecting the size and location of the through-hole as well as the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. A terminal electrode is formed on the outer surface of the dielectric block, for example at an end surface. A coupling hole is formed in the dielectric block and a coupling electrode is formed on the inner surface of the coupling hole. One end of the coupling electrode is connected to the terminal electrode and the other end of the coupling electrode may be connected to the conducting film formed on the outer surface of the dielectric block, for example at a side surface. The coupling electrode is non-linear, preferably L-shaped.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for heating a sample, such as chemical reaction mixtures, whose dielectric properties varies during the heating process. In particular, the present invention relates to a microwave heating apparatus comprising a microwave generator, a waveguide for guiding the generated microwaves to an applicator, and a deflector formed by a closed loop defining a plane, said deflector having an inherent resonance frequency and a thickness in a direction normal to said plane, the deflector being rotatable around an axis being at least substantially parallel to said plane, the deflector being positioned in the waveguide so as to form a resonant cavity with the sample and the waveguide applicator. The resonance conditions of the resonant cavity and the coupling factor of radiation from the waveguide to the cavity are easily adjustable by rotation of the deflector.

Abstract: Waveguides and backplanes systems are disclosed. A waveguide according to the present invention includes a first conductive channel, and a second conductive channel disposed generally parallel to the first channel. A gap is defined between the first and second channels that allows propagation along a waveguide axis of electromagnetic waves in a TE n,0 mode, wherein n is an odd number, but suppresses electromagnetic waves in a TE m,0 mode, wherein m is an even number. An NRD waveguide is disclosed that includes an upper conductive plate and a lower conductive plate, with a dielectric channel disposed between the conductive plates. A second channel is disposed adjacent to the dielectric channel between the conductive plates. The upper conductive plate has a gap above the dielectric channel that allows propagation along a waveguide axis of electromagnetic waves in an odd longitudinal magnetic mode, but suppresses electromagnetic waves in an even longitudinal magnetic mode.

Abstract: A dielectric waveguide designed to avoid the influence of reflection of electromagnetic waves at connected portions of dielectric strips and to have an improved characteristic. The distance L between connection planes between pairs of dielectric strips adjacent in the direction of propagation of an electromagnetic wave is set to an odd number multiple of ¼ of the guide wavelength. Reflected waves are thereby superposed in phase opposition to each other to cancel out. In this manner, propagation of a reflected signal to ports is limited.

Abstract: A conducting film is formed on a dielectric block in a dielectric waveguide resonator, and a through-hole is formed in the dielectric block. The unloaded Q is set by selecting the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. The resonance frequency is set by selecting the size and location of the through-hole as well as the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. A terminal electrode is formed on a side surface of the dielectric block. A coupling hole is formed in the dielectric block and a coupling electrode is formed on the inner surface of the coupling hole. One end of the coupling electrode is connected to the terminal electrode and the coupling electrode extends toward the conducting film formed on the opposite side surface and one end surface of the dielectric block. The above structure allows an increase in the degree of freedom in the design of the characteristics including the resonance frequency and unloaded Q of the dielectric waveguide resonator.

Abstract: A surface mount coupler device is provided having a device body with a plurality of terminations located thereon. The coupler device is particularly useful in high frequency circuits to provide coupling between two circuit lines without direct electrical contact. For example, the device may provide coupling between a feedback control loop and an amplifier output section in a RF transmitter. The device body is built up on a rigid insulative substrate. During manufacture, one or more layers of insulative polymer are applied to the insulative substrate. The insulative polymer defines conductor channels in which primary and secondary conductors are located. The primary and secondary conductors are electrically connected to a respective pair of the terminations located on the device body. A sealing cover, preferably glass, is located above the polymeric insulative layers.

Abstract: A nonradiative dielectric waveguide filter of the present invention permits the manufacturing process including the production of a dielectric strip to be simpler. The filter can be formed by a pillar dielectric strip. The nonradiative dielectric waveguide filter includes resonators, input-output connection units, and cut-off regions, in which the upper and lower conductor plates and a dielectric strip disposed therebetween form the filter. In one example, the main signal-transmitting mode is the LSM mode; a groove having a bottom and conductor walls is disposed in a position in which the conductor plates are opposing; the resonator is formed by fitting the dielectric strip into the groove; and the cut-off regions are formed by second grooves formed in the conductor plates adjacent to the dielectric strip.

Abstract: A balanced and active coplanar microwave coupler for an MMIC, comprising FETs provided with metal grid, source, and drain electrodes integrated with coplanar plane metal elements combined to constitute the inlet and outlet accesses of the coupler. All of the access are constituted by an association comprising one or more CPSes and one or more CPWs.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a harmonic rejection load pull tuner. The tuner of the invention has a large-band tuner having an input and an output, and a transmission line having a longitudinal axis. The transmission line has an input connected to the output of a DUT and an output connected to the input of the large-band tuner. In parallel with the transmission line is at least one stub, the at least one stub having a length adapted to reflect out an nth order harmonic of a base frequency, where n is an integer greater than 1. The tuner of the present invention can be used to perform input or output characterisation (or both) of a DUT, by selectively reflecting out at least one harmonic frequency of the base frequency. Consequently, the characterisation of the DUT is improved, since the effects of the harmonics are considerably reduced. The present invention also concerns a method for performing input or output characterisation.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave propagation structure, suitable for the transmission of an electromagnetic wave and the formation of resonators within filters, is constructed of both high and low dielectric-constant materials wherein the high dielectric-constant is in excess of approximately 80 and the low dielectric-constant is less than approximately 2. A boundary between the high and the low dielectric-constant materials serves as an electric wall to waves propagating in the low dielectric-constant material and as a magnetic wall to waves propagating in the high dielectric-constant material. This permits substitution of the high dielectric-constant material for metal elements, such as resonators and feed structures in filters. Furthermore, the use of a cladding of dielectric material of one of the foregoing dielectric ranges about a core of material of the other of the foregoing dielectric ranges enables construction of waveguides having rectangular and circular cross-sections.

Abstract: A conducting film is formed on a dielectric block in a dielectric waveguide resonator, and a through-hole is formed in the dielectric block. The unloaded Q is set by selecting the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. The resonance frequency is set by selecting the size and location of the through-hole as well as the outside dimensions of the dielectric block. A terminal electrode is formed on the outer surface of the dielectric block. A coupling hole is formed in the dielectric block and a coupling electrode is formed on the inner surface of the coupling hole. One end of the coupling electrode is connected to the terminal electrode and the other end of the coupling electrode is either connected to the conducting film formed on the outer surface of the dielectric block or terminated inside the dielectric block. The above structure allows an increase in the degree of freedom in the design of the characteristics including the resonance frequency and unloaded Q of the dielectric waveguide resonator.

Abstract: A millimeter wave multilayer phased array assembly has a multilayer board consisting of several laminated printed wiring boards (PWBs) and a frame having a waveguide input and waveguide output. The PWBs are made of a high frequency laminate material and have a pattern of metalization to perform varying electronic tasks. These tasks include electrical interconnection, RF signal transmission, DC current routing and DC signal routing.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a cylinder coupled to a dielectric waveguide into which an electromagnetic wave is launched. The cylinder includes rows of features such as recesses or stubs of differing vertical dimensions and periods. The cylinder when rotated directs the coupled radiation over a range determined by the periods of features in the rows and the rotation of the cylinder. Both transmitters and receivers are described. Benefits are described in connection with different cross section geometries to the waveguide. Also, both linear and circular polarization operations are described.

Abstract: An H-plane waveguide probe includes a microstrip formed on a dielectric substrate with a loop conductor generally configured in the shape of waveguide on one side and adapted to capture an incoming H-plane signal. A transition conductor formed on an opposing side of the substrate with a first leg and a second leg, connected together by a bend portion. The first leg of the transition conductor is generally parallel to the H-plane for coupling microwave energy from the waveguide to the microstrip. The second leg of the transition conductor is parallel to the E-field and is used to change the direction of the captured microwave energy along the H-plane direction to the E-plane direction. In order to optimize power transfer, the impedance of the loop conductor is selected to be about the same as the waveguide. The transition conductor is used to convert the E-field energy to a 50&OHgr; impedance, for example, for connection to an external microwave circuit.

Abstract: A waveguide system that includes a plurality of waveguide sections, each taking the form of an elongated longitudinally extending tubular member having a substantially circular shaped wall in cross section which coaxially surrounds a longitudinal axis. The wall has a longitudinally extending trough portion extending radially inward toward the longitudinal axis. The trough portion is defined by a pair of circumferentially spaced wall portions extending inwardly and joined together by a connecting wall portion. The wall portions together define a ridge having an inner surface on the interior side of the wall and an outer surface on the exterior side of the wall. Each waveguide section has opposing ends with each end having a longitudinally extending peripheral lip at the ridge. The wall has at each said end an annular mounting flange extending essentially radially outward from the exterior side of the wall.

Abstract: A nonradiative planar dielectric line exhibits low transmission losses and is easily connectable to electronic components. A first slot is provided between two electrodes on a first main surface of a dielectric plate. A second slot is provided between two electrodes on a second main surface of the dielectric plate. A first conductor is electrically connected to the electrodes on the first main surface and also covers the first slot. A second conductor is electrically connected to the electrodes on the second main surface and also covers the second slot. An integrated circuit using the above type of dielectric line is also provided. Thus, apparatuses using the above dielectric lines or integrated circuits are miniaturized.

Abstract: In a millimeter wave module or the like having both a normal NRD guide and a hyper NRD guide, a conversion portion structure for non, radiative dielectric waveguides of different types has excellent conversion characteristics at the connection between the two types of NRD guides. In a first conversion portion, the width of a dielectric strip is changed from the width of a dielectric strip in the hyper NRD guide portion to the width of a dielectric strip in the normal NRD guide portion, grooves of approximately the same depth as grooves in the hyper NRD guide are provided extending as far as the second conversion portion, and in a third conversion portion, the width of these grooves widens perpendicular to the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves and parallel to the face of conductive plates. According to this structure, guide conversion can be achieved with low radiation in a predetermined frequency band.

Abstract: A non-radiative dielectric waveguide coupler for coupling or dividing high-frequency signals between at least two dielectric waveguides arranged maintaining a predetermined gap between a pair of parallel flat conductors, wherein said two dielectric waveguides are connected to each other through a bridge of a dielectric material. Upon joining the two dielectric waveguides through the bridge, the gap between the two dielectric waveguides, that affects the characteristics of the coupler, is set maintaining a high precision without effecting any particular positioning operation. Therefore, the coupler can be mass-produced very favorably. Besides, the gap between the two dielectric waveguides is stably maintained without being varied during the production of the coupler or during the use of the coupler, contributing to improving the reliability of the coupler.

Abstract: A normal NRD guide is constituted in the part to be coupled with a dielectric resonator, a hyper NRD guide for simply transmitting the LSM01 mode is constituted in a multipoints circulator part, the normal NRD guide is constituted in a coupler part, the hyper NRD guide is constituted in the mixer part, and the normal NRD guides are constituted in a dielectric line switch part and in a connection unit between components.

Abstract: A simply made and very broad band directional coupler includes a hollow middle section (CS) provided with an empty interaction space having two ends, one pair of hollow guides (H1, H3) coupled to one end of the interaction space, another pair of hollow guides coupled to another end of the interaction space and a coupler diaphragm (KB1, KB2, KB3, KB4) provided between the interaction space (KR) and each individual hollow guide coupled to it. Higher wave types (are consisting of TE11 and TM11 modes) propagated in the interaction space (KR) as well as a fundamental wave type (TE 10). Furthermore a height (h) of the interaction space is at least 2.5 times the smallest height (b) of a coupling diaphragm (KB1, KB2, KB3, KB4) so that a comparatively broad band directional coupler results.

Abstract: An apparatus for propagating electromagnetic waves at a predetermined reduced guide wavelength. A waveguide (27b) is provided for receiving and guiding the electromagnetic waves. A dielectric (28) is disposed in the waveguide (27b) to decrease the guide wavelength of the received electromagnetic waves. The dielectric (28) allows the width of the waveguide (27b) to be reduced without significantly compromising its power-carrying capability.

Abstract: A dielectric waveguide has a plurality of dielectric ceramic sheets each having a high-dielectric-constant portion and a low-dielectric-constant portion. The dielectric ceramic sheets are laminated and baked and electrode films are formed on the outer surfaces thereof. Thus, a dielectric waveguide is obtained in which the high-dielectric-constant portion serves as a propagating area and the low-dielectric-constant portion serves as a non-propagating area.

Abstract: A module equipped with a non-radiative dielectric waveguide in accordance with this invention comprises a pair of parallel flat conductors arranged at a space of 1/2 or below of a high frequency signal wavelength .lambda. and a dielectric strip extending between these parallel flat conductors. This dielectric strip is formed from a cordierite ceramic having a dielectric constant of 4.5 to 8, especially 4.5 to 6. Conversion of an electromagnetic wave of LSM mode to an electromagnetic wave of LSE is minimal. When the module has a dielectric strip having a steep curved portion having a small radius of curvature, the transmission is possible with a low loss, and the band width of a high frequency signal is broad.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a substantially enclosed waveguide and a container including an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is fluidly connected to ambient air. The outlet is fluidly connected to the waveguide. A check valve is disposed within the container. The check valve is configured for allowing air passage from the inlet to the outlet while preventing air passage from the outlet to the inlet. A desiccant is disposed within the container.

Abstract: A waveguide for high power radio frequency transmission, comprising a tubular member having an ellipsoidal cross section and relatively uniform wall thickness having a ratio of major to minor axes between about 1.5 to 2.0 and a minimum minor axis of about 20 cm.