Abstract: Disclosed are a multi-pole circuit breaker and an apparatus for preventing deformation of a driving shaft thereof. The multi-pole circuit breaker includes: a plurality of single pole breaking units having a pair of fixed contactors, a movable contactor, and shafts; a switching mechanism disposed on a certain one of the plurality of single pole breaking units; a pair of driving shafts connected to each shaft; and a driving shaft deformation prevention unit disposed between the single pole breaking unit, spaced relatively far from the switching unit among the plurality of single pole breaking units, and the adjacent single pole breaking unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-pole circuit breaker. The multi-pole circuit breaker includes: a substrate disposed between the single pole breaking unit, spaced relatively far from the switching mechanism as compared to the other single pole breaking units among the plurality of single breaking units, and the adjacent single pole breaking unit; a link mechanism rotatably supported on the substrate; and springs having one ends supported by the substrate and the other ends supported by the link mechanism.

Abstract: A line multiplier is formed of n upstream lines and m downstream lines where m>n by providing a micro-technology array of m×n crosspoints switches using, e.g., magnetic latching, wherein the latching magnets are heated to the Curie temperature to cause the state of a switch to change.

Abstract: The invention relates to a matrix switching device (1) having a plurality of contact devices positioned in selected crosspoints between rows and columns, with each contact device including at least one movable contact element (2a). The device further includes a plurality of row-related, reciprocatingly movable first rods (3), a plurality of column-related reciprocatingly movable second rods (4, 4'), a plurality of electrically insulating balls (2h, 2g) of which each is allotted a selected crosspoint and is movable in response to movement of one or both of the rods (3, 4). A thin module unit is obtained since the movable contact element is comprised of a contact spring mounted on a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A matrix of three pole, high speed, low current relays for connecting test equipment to a device under test is provided with improved interconnect buses. The relays are mounted in rows and columns with their three pairs of leads extending vertically. An input interconnect bar having three conductors extends horizontally along each row of relays, each conductor being connected to a respective one of each pair of leads. A bottom interconnect bar having three buses extends perpendicular to the top interconnect bars along each column of relays, each bus being connected to a respective one of the leads. The ends of the leads are aligned at a 45.degree. angle with respect to the interconnects. The interconnect bars are enclosed in shielding guard tubes and are removable to permit replacement of the relays.

Abstract: A galvanic switch for electrically making or breaking one cross-point among a plurality of cross-points in a three-dimensional switching matrix. The switch includes electrical contact lines, first links which extend perpendicular to the contact lines, and second links which extend perpendicular to both the contact lines and the first links. At each cross-point, there is located a contact element in the form of a spherical element for making and breaking the electric contact respectively. The contact elements either make or break the cross-point depending on whether the coupling element is conductive or non-conductive, and are maneuvered by maneuvering elements.

Abstract: A changeover switch comprising first and second substrates assembled in spaced relation to each other, a plurality of reed switches disposed in a circle having predetermined angular intervals on the substrates, a permanent magnet pivotally mounted on a revolving disc so as to lie in the same plane as the first and second substrates for causing the reed switches to switch on and off alternately as it is revolved between the first and second substrates, and a means for intermittently rotating the permanent magnet at an angle of every 90.degree. around its pivotal axis.

Abstract: A magnetically controlled switching device having a magnetic shunt plate with many terminals arrayed along the peripheral portions thereof, a plurality of coil forms located at the crosspoints of a matrix consisting of X and Y coordinates on a plane surrounded by the terminals on the magnetic shunt plate, an X coil control line wound on each of the coil forms in the row in the X direction in an alternately reversed manner, both ends of the X coil line being connected to corresponding terminals located along the X direction, a Y coil control line wound on each of the coil forms in the column in the Y direction in an alternately reversed manner, both ends of the Y coil control line being connected to corresponding terminals located along the Y direction, reed switches accommodated in each of the coil forms, contact points of the reed switches corresponding to the magnetic shunt plate, and the reed switches being connected to a plurality of matrix crosspoints consisting of multiple connection wires in the direct

Abstract: A scanner unit on a double-sided printed circuit board has reed switches on one face and coils on the other. The copper patterns include large screening pads beneath the reed switches and the coils. These pads distribute heat evenly along the switches to minimize thermally-induced E.M.F.'s, and provide electrostatic screening. An energizing circuit for the coils provides a single, long pulse several times larger in magnitude than the minimum required for relay actuation, followed by a series of shorter pulses of the same magnitude, but having a time-average magnitude equal to the relay holding current. This avoids the need for a voltage-dropping resistor and power wastage therein.

Abstract: A low profile keyboard operating system in which a generally orthogonal matrix of mechanically movable row and column matrix members is disposed over the keyboard to be operated with the intersections of the matrix members adjacent to the keys, the arrangement being such that actuation of only one member at an intersection will not operate a key while operation of both members at an intersection actuates a key.

Abstract: Actuator for use with a push-button keyboard in which the keys are arranged in an array of intersecting rows and columns. A single solenoid is provided for each row and column, and means operated by the solenoids causes the key to be depressed at the intersection of a row or column for which the solenoids are energized.

Abstract: An improvement in an electromagnetic switch matrix permits the simultaneous closing of a plurality of cross-points either in the same row or in the same column without causing the erroneous operation of nonselected cross-points. The switch matrix is of the divisionally excited type having a magnetic shunt plate with sealed switches disposed in through apertures therein at cross-point locations. First, second, third and fourth windings are wound around the sealed switches so as to generate control magnetic fields for controlling the operations of the respective sealed switches. An asymmetrical magnetization is given to the sealed switches with respect to the top and bottom planes so that there is a difference in the magnetization of the sealed switches on either side of the shunt plate when driven by the windings.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for manufacturing and assembling standardized components for cross-point switching matrices on a printed circuit board assembly are provided by an insulated strip containing appendages for winding the coils and inserts for housing the relays. The individual components each carrying a plurality of coils and relays are connected into a matrix by means of corresponding guide studs and holes on the alternating sides of each individual component. The method of assembly further provides for winding the coils upon the appendages of each component and soldering each of the components to a continuous circuit board assembly.

Abstract: Signal switching devices employing electromagnetic switching elements having particular application in the switching network of automatic telephone exchanges are disclosed. The switching devices are of the kind comprising an input and output signal line electromagnetic switching matrix. The switching devices include a cutoff circuit and/or off-normal circuit integrated with the switching matrix.

Abstract: A multicontact sealed electromagnetic coordinate selection device comprises a movable contact type spring supported at both ends by supporters at a prescribed interval from a metal plate and electrically insulated from said metal plate, the movable contact type spring elastically supporting a plurality of movable contacts facing the corresponding stationary contacts formed on the upper ends of stationary contact terminals which penetrate said metal plate. The lower ends of said stationary contact terminals are supported by a magnetic metal member.

Abstract: A crosspoint switch comprising a number of selection bars and switching bars which cross each other at right angles and have recesses and guides for catching members. A catching member is moved by a particular selection bar and switching bar to actuate an electrical contact through a member having two stable positions. The switching bars have a fork-like recess arranged to enable renewed actuation of bars previously actuated for switching on a crosspoint, without the switched-on crosspoint being switched off.

Abstract: A switching device is provided which is of a highly integrated structure and particularly adapted for a matrix arrangement of switch elements. The structure characteristically enables the switching device to be efficiently fabricated with maximum component density and minimum cost, and includes a base plate in the form of an integral combination of two insulating plates lying on each other, fixed contacts formed in an appropriate pattern on one of the insulating plates, and movable contacts formed integrally with spring strips supported on the base plate.

Abstract: A cross point switching matrix utilizing remanent reed switches includes an array of coil forms mounted on a magnetically permeable shunt plate. Electromagnetic coils are wound around the coil forms in alternating directions and one or more remanent reed switches are contained in each coil. Magnetically permeable coupler plates are mounted on opposite sides of the shunt plates and serve to complete a magnetic path between the ends of each reed switch and the shunt plate through the other reed switches. When two or more reed switches are mounted in each coil, the switches are disposed in a straight line aligned at a 45.degree. angle to the coordinates of the matrix to permit electrical connections to be readily made to the reed switches utilizing straight conductors.

Abstract: A cross bar switching matrix for electric conductors in two sets has a first array of strips of magnetic metal mounted parallel on an insulating support plate with laterally projecting tongues from each strip the ends lying freely on the support plate. A second set of metal strips identical to the first set but at right angles thereto is mounted on a second insulating support plate. The support plates are juxtaposed with the strips perpendicular to each other and the free ends of the tongues of each set are opposed and form with a portion of each of the associated strips a ring which is substantially closed but for a thin layer of electrically insulating material in the areas where the strips of each array cross those of the other. Electromagnetic control circuits made up of electric control conductors are associated with a respective one of the strips and each electric control conductor includes a conductor linked with each of the rings formed by the tongues of the respective array strip.

Abstract: A coordinate electrical switch construction comprising a pair of flexible insulating sheets each havng pierced therethrough a coordinate array of "U" shaped magnetic contact elements arranged to have corresponding legs in opposing, spaced-apart registration. Winding means coupled to the contact elements in each set of coordinates on each sheet are coincidently energisable to selectively magnetize a pair of elements at a crosspoint to bring opposing legs into electrical contact against the flexion of the sheets. The contact elements are multiplied together in one and the other sets of coordinates on respective sheets to provide signal path halves which are completed upon contact leg closure at a crosspoint. The contact elements are of a remanent magnetic material so that closure is maintained after termination of the energizing step. Release of selected crosspoint elements is achieved by reverse energization of the defining winding means.

Abstract: A divisional excitation type coordinate switching device featuring a single magnetic shunt plate and preformed elongate excitation coils arranged on the top and bottom sides thereof and each surrounding a row or column of switching elements. Terminal blocks are secured to the four sides of the shunt plate, enabling arrangement of component parts in a fully developed formation. Outstanding among the advantages gained are substantial reduction in winding cost and overall size, ease of assembling and improved operational reliability.

Abstract: An electromagnetic matrix switch device, suitable for use in an automatic exchange or computer, comprising a two-dimensional array of cross-point elements, each of which comprises a magnetically actuated switch adapted to bridge its associated pair of row and column signal lines and a magnetic core positioned in magnetically-coupled relationship to the switch to actuate it in response to a current pulse applied to its associated pair of row and column control lines. Each magnetic core has provided therearound first and second windings connected to its associated row control line and third and fourth windings connected to its associated column control line, the polarity of those windings being such that application of the current pulse to the row and column control lines will cause the first and fourth windings to produce magnetic fields in a direction opposite to those produced by the second and third windings.

Abstract: A magnetically controlled switching matrix is composed of magnetic members each having two coils placed thereon and connected into respective row and column energizing circuits, and comprises a generator of decaying alternating current pulses electrically coupled with the row coils, and a direct current generator electrically coupled with columns coils.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coordinate selection device comprising a plurality of electromagnetically operated cross point switches arranged in a matrix form and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed at points corresponding to said cross point switches for operation thereof, with any desired cross point switch closed only when the first and second coils wound about the magnetic cores are additively excited wherein the magnetic cores are each of the composite type to stabilize the operation of the cross point switches and the cross point switches are collectively sealed in a single container or in groups in a plurality of vessels provided in a number equal to or smaller than the number of the conductors arranged in the direction of the row or column of said matrix.

Abstract: Selecting device for crossbar switches of the type where selecting wires are actuated by selecting bars, which execute twisting movements by means of selecting bar magnets, for selection of predetermined contact groups. After selection, these contact groups can be actuated by lifting devices, which move in a direction mainly parallel to the selecting bars, on operation of bridge magnets, due to transfer of the movements of the lifting device to the contact groups via the actuated selecting wires. According to the invention the selecting wires are flexible and bent to a symmetrical loop with two legs. Each selecting wire is movably supported in such a manner that it encircles the respective selecting bar and the legs can swing around an axis mainly parallel to said axis of rotation of the selecting bar. Inner and outer stops are arranged such that the legs, when not actuated, rest against the inner stops and, when actuated, are pressed against the outer stops.