Abstract: A coving installation device includes a unitary structure having a first magnetic face, a second magnetic face, and a third magnetic face. The second face is joined with the first face by an arced side. The third face is joined with the second face by a linear side. The third face is joined with the first face by an angled side. The second face is perpendicular to the first face and the third face is perpendicular to the second face. The first, second, and third faces protrude from the arced, linear, and angled sides. A clean room installer using the coving installation device can independently install coving without assistance.

Abstract: The disclose provides a magnetic levitation gravity compensation device, including: a first permanent magnet, which is cylindrical; a second permanent magnet, which is cylindrical, arranged in the first permanent magnet and radially spaced from the first permanent magnet; and at least one end permanent magnet, which is cylindrical, and is located on at least one of two axial ends of the second permanent magnet and axially spaced from the two axial ends of the second permanent magnet, a center line of the end permanent magnet is configured to coincide with a center line of the second permanent magnet, and a cylinder wall thickness of the end permanent magnet is smaller than that of the second permanent magnet, wherein a magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is a radial direction, and a magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet and the end permanent magnet is an axial direction.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic clamp device having a disassembly structure that is easy to maintain. In the magnetic clamp device 1, a magnetic pole 21 and an alnico magnet 23 each have fastening holes 21a, 23a that communicate with each other. The cavity portion 31 of the plate body 3 has an opening 33 that penetrates from the bottom surface 32b thereof to the back side of the plate body 3. A cap 7 having a base portion 71 having a bolt hole 74 communicating with the fastening holes 21a, 23a and a flange portion 72 abutting the surface 3b of the back side of the plate body 3 is inserted into the opening 33. A bolt 8 inserted into the fastening hole 23a of the magnetic pole 21 and the alnico magnet 23 from the front side of a magnetic pad 2 is screwed into a female screw thread 74a provided in the bolt hole 74 of the cap 7.

Abstract: A flexible display panel and a flexible display apparatus. The flexible display panel includes a display panel body having a bent region and non-bent regions, and a flexible support layer attached to the shady surface of the bent region, the flexible support layer includes a flexible base and a heating layer, a plurality of magnetic balls are provided in the flexible base; where the heating layer is provided on the flexible base for heating the plurality of magnetic balls, the plurality of magnetic balls are expanded with heat to enable the hardness of the flexible support layer when the display panel body is in an unfolded state to be greater than the hardness of the flexible support layer when the display panel body is in a bent state. The flexible display panel will not be wrinkled during the bending and unfolding process, and has an improved display effect.

Abstract: A bell nipple assembly includes a tubular main body and a catcher assembly positioned above the tubular main body that includes an upper opening with a diameter greater than an inner diameter of the tubular main body and one or more inwardly sloping inner surfaces configured to catch fluids falling from the rig floor or from an exterior surface of the drill string and to direct the fluids to the tubular main body. The bell nipple assembly also includes one or more magnets configured to direct a magnetic field toward an interior of the catcher assembly and to attract a metallic object falling within the interior of the catcher assembly towards the inwardly sloping inner surfaces.

Abstract: An electric permanent magnet chuck, comprising a casing (1), the casing being provided thereon with at least one open inner cavity; reversible magnetic material (2) is provided at a lower portion of the inner cavity, and a coil (3) is arranged in the inner cavity along an outer wall of the reversible magnetic material; a magnetic pole (4) is superposed and fixed in the inner cavity, an annular groove being provided at a lower surface of the magnetic pole, and permanent magnetic material (5) that matches the annular groove being disposed in the annular groove. The electric permanent magnet chuck has the advantages of a simple structure, low processing difficulty, good sealing performance, small magnetic loss and so on.

Abstract: A magnetic conductive coverplate of leakage type that may used in magnetic holding devices covers a holding surface of the magnetic holding device. The leakage type magnetic conductive coverplate is made integrally of a single magnetic conductive material. The leakage type magnetic conductive coverplate can conduct magnetic force of the holding device into a workpiece so as to hold it. Because the leakage type magnetic conductive coverplate is made integrally of a single magnetic conductive material, when there is any change in ambient temperature, no crevice will be produced due to different coefficients of expansion and contraction. Therefore, any coolant used in workpiece machining and any magnetic conductive impurities will not infiltrate into or enter the magnetic holding device to lose the internal insulation, thus effectively protecting the internal structure of the magnetic holding device and remarkably improving durability and service life of the magnetic holding device.

Abstract: A magnetic strut channel fitting includes first and second plates connected to each other and a plurality of magnets embedded into at least one of the first and second plates. According to another embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic strut channel fitting includes a substantially flat plate and a plurality of magnets embedded into the plate. According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic strut channel fitting includes a substantially flat connecting plate, first and second arm members, each of the first and second arm members having a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, and a plurality of magnets, the plurality of magnets embedded into the connecting plate to allow the magnetic strut channel fitting to magnetically adhere to a strut channel. The plurality of magnets allow the magnetic strut channel fitting to be magnetically adhered to a strut channel.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display apparatus includes: sequentially fixing a display substrate and a mask assembly to a carrier; transporting the mask assembly and the display substrate to a deposition unit via the carrier; and depositing a deposition material on the display substrate by passing the deposition material through the mask assembly, by using the deposition unit.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display apparatus includes: sequentially fixing a display substrate and a mask assembly to a carrier; transporting the mask assembly and the display substrate to a deposition unit via the carrier; and depositing a deposition material on the display substrate by passing the deposition material through the mask assembly, by using the deposition unit.

Abstract: A magnetic pole for use in a magnetic separator comprises a body having a central core and two cantilevered pole arms, each pole arm extending at a perpendicular angle relative to the central core and having a faceplate at and end thereof, wherein at least one cantilevered pole arm and corresponding faceplate thereof are adapted for selective removal and re-attachment of the faceplate with the cantilevered pole arm.

Abstract: A support structure for supporting a flexible display screen includes: a plurality of electromagnets and a controller electrically coupled to the plurality of electromagnets. Each electromagnet has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is configured to be attached and secured to a flexible display screen so as to support the flexible display screen, and the second surface is at an acute angle to the first surface. When the flexible display screen is extended, the controller controls two adjacent electromagnets to repel each other. When the flexible display screen is bent, the controller controls two adjacent electromagnets to attract each other.

Abstract: A tool changer is included in a manipulator of a robot and selectively fastens to a tool by a magnetic force. The tool changer may include a housing; an inner core embedded in the housing; a coil wound around the inner core, wherein a current is applied to the coil; a pair of connecting cores connected to both ends of the inner core, protruding from the housing to the tool, and inserted into a connecting groove of the tool; a switch configured to regulate the current applied to the coil; and a controller configured to open or close the switch according to a set frequency.

Abstract: Method for joining a first and a second steel blanks, at least one of the blanks comprising aluminium. The method comprises providing a support being made of a magnetic material for each blank, the supports being arranged distanced apart by a central space; providing a coil winding around one support, arranging the first blank on one support and the second blank on the other support, such that a butt end of the first blank that is facing the second blank is brought into contact with a butt end of the second blank that is facing the first blank defining a contacting area that closes a path for magnetic flux. The method further comprises applying a laser beam onto the contacting area, while applying an alternating current to the coil winding, wherein an alternating magnetic field is created across the contacting area in a direction substantially in-line with the blanks.

Abstract: A magnetic apparatus for anchoring ferrous elements may include a support structure housing a plurality of polar units. The support structure has first and second sides at opposite surfaces. The polar units may include: a coil having a support and a conductive element wound on the support; a first magnetic core with a first coercive value, generating a first magnetic flow oriented in a first magnetic direction; and a plurality of second magnetic cores, each having its own coercive value different from the first coercive value. A first part of the second magnetic cores generates a second magnetic flow oriented in a second magnetic direction. A second part of the second magnetic cores generates a third magnetic flow oriented in a third magnetic direction. The third magnetic direction is parallel or antiparallel to the first magnetic direction and has a different direction with respect to the second magnetic direction.

Abstract: Magnetic coupling devices are disclosed which may be configured in at least three states. The various states may be provided through one or more of altering a position of a permanent magnet relative to another permanent magnet and altering a current level in a coil surrounding a permanent magnet.

Abstract: A display fixture includes a magnetic focal wall and an auxiliary support member. The magnetic focal wall includes a magnetic panel, which is substantially planar, and a perforated panel, which is substantially planar and defines a plurality of perforations. The magnetic panel defines a front surface. The perforated panel is coupled with the magnetic panel such that the perforated panel extends in a substantially parallel plane with and in front of the magnetic panel. The auxiliary support member is configured to support a product thereon away from the magnetic focal wall and includes a magnet on a rear side thereof sized to fit within any one of the plurality of perforations such that the magnet of the auxiliary member is magnetically coupled with the magnetic panel through one of the plurality of perforations and the auxiliary support member extends forwardly from the perforated panel supported by the magnetic focal wall.

Abstract: A metal strip holding device configured to be connected to the die of a stamping system is presented herein. The strip holding device includes a magnetic component and a non-magnetic bracket. The magnetic component has at least one pole shoe. The bracket is configured to be connected to the die. Moreover, the magnetic component is installed into a cavity in the metal bracket.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a magnetic substance holding device that minimizes residual magnetism by way of employing structures for minimizing reluctance to magnetic flux flow.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a magnetic chuck and a method for producing a magnetic chuck. The magnetic chuck comprises an upper base made of a single piece of magnetic-conductive material and having a top surface, sidewalls extending orthogonally from the top surface, a cavity formed within the upper base with an open end opposite to the top surface and an opposite closed end directed toward the top surface. A plurality of cores extends orthogonally from the top surface and into the cavity, wherein a plurality of permanent magnets is arranged in the cavity. A reversible magnet is arranged between each of the cores and a lower base; and an excitation coil is arranged around the circumference of each reversible magnet. A portion of the cavity between the permanent magnets and the closed end of the cavity is filled with non-magnetic-conductive material.

Abstract: Method and device for self-regulated flux transfer from a source of magnetic energy into one or more ferromagnetic work pieces, wherein a plurality of magnets, each having at least one N-S pole pair defining a magnetization axis, are disposed in a medium having a first relative permeability, the magnets being arranged in an array in which gaps of predetermined distance are maintained between neighboring magnets in the array and in which the magnetization axes of the magnets are oriented such that immediately neighboring magnets face one another with opposite polarities, such arrangement representing a magnetic tank circuit in which internal flux paths through the medium exist between neighboring magnets and magnetic flux access portals are defined between oppositely polarized pole pieces of such neighboring magnets, and wherein at least one working circuit is created which has a reluctance that is lower than that of the magnetic tank circuit by bringing one or more of the magnetic flux access portals into clo

Abstract: A sound generator apparatus for a vehicle may include a housing and a elastic member arranged at a lower portion of the housing, a driving part including an internal yoke and a magnet, inserted into the housing and disposed on the elastic member to be slid up and down in the housing, a bobbin, an upper end of which is fixed to an inside upper portion of the housing, extended in a downward direction with wrapping the driving part, wherein a coil is wound along a circumference of the bobbin, and an external yoke fixed to the housing in a cylinder shape wrapping the coil and an outside of the internal yoke therein.

Abstract: A low-cost and high-precision current sensing device and methods for use and manufacturing. In one embodiment, the current sensing apparatus comprises a Rogowski-type coil which is manufactured in segments so as to facilitate the manufacturing process. In an exemplary embodiment, the current sensing apparatus segments comprise a number of bobbin elements that are wound and subsequently formed into complex geometric shapes such as torus-like shapes. In an alternative embodiment, bonded windings are utilized which allow the segments to be formed without a bobbin or former. In yet another alternative embodiment, the aforementioned current sensing devices are stacked in groups of two or more. Methods of manufacturing and using the aforementioned current sensing apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A carriage for high magnetic field environments includes a plurality of work-piece separators disposed in an operable relationship with a work-piece processing magnet having a magnetic field strength of at least 1 Tesla for supporting and separating a plurality of work-pieces by a preselected, essentially equal spacing, so that, as a first work-piece is inserted into the magnetic field, a second work-piece is simultaneously withdrawn from the magnetic field, so that an attractive magnetic force imparted on the first work-piece offsets a resistive magnetic force imparted on the second work-piece.

Abstract: A cylindrical magnet assembly has at least one coil mounted on a former, assembled to a bore tube by a number of inserts within holes formed in a material of the former. Each insert can bear on a dished radially outer extremity of a radially-outwardly directed protrusion or each insert can bear on a radially outer concave surface of a radially-inwardly directed protrusion.

Abstract: A method for assembling parts. A sealant is placed between a plurality of parts in a stack up to form a workpiece. The workpiece is clamped using a permanent magnet unit and an electromagnetic clamping device in an activated state such that a number of forces caused by a magnetic field clamps the workpiece between the electromagnetic clamping device and the permanent magnet unit. A number of holes are drilled in the workpiece. A number of fasteners are installed in the number of holes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnet, which comprises a first permanent magnet for creating a magnetic field, and a shell and a centre, which are arranged to guide a magnetic flux to an object to be gripped. The magnet further comprises a slide, which is arranged to be movable in relation to the shell and the centre, which slide comprises said first permanent magnet, and an electric magnet for moving the slide. The invention also relates to an attaching device, and attaching arrangement and a method for attaching to an object.

Abstract: A clamping device for magnetically clamping non-magnetic material objects. The clamping device comprises first and second clamp members each having at least one straight edge surface and each having at least one magnet disposed therein. The first and second clamp members are adapted to magnetically and removably couple to each other, wherein the magnetic coupling is capable of clamping at least one non-magnetic material object. The clamping device is further at least partially transparent, includes markings to facilitate correct alignment of the clamp members and comprises a support member for securely positioning the clamping device on an underlying surface.

Abstract: A magnetic device for gripping and clamping a workpiece in a machining unit or on a machining line including a magnetic plate having a distribution of high-energy permanent-magnet modules, which can be electrically activated. An auxiliary workpiece-holder plate made of ferromagnetic material rests on a main surface of the magnetic plate and has a top surface shaped in a way complementary to a surface of the workpiece that rests thereon. The workpiece rests on the top surface of the auxiliary workpiece-holder plate only in points corresponding to some supporting pads, while the facing surfaces of the workpiece and auxiliary workpiece-holder plate are kept slightly set apart from one another for most of their extension.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a magnetic device for clamping ferromagnetic workpieces comprising a frame having a first magnetic circuit configured to generate a first magnetic field adapted to clamp a ferromagnetic workpiece to be processed; a second magnetic circuit configured to generate a second magnetic field adapted to clamp said ferromagnetic workpiece to a machine tool bed; said first magnetic circuit and said second magnetic circuit being adapted to be controlled to turn on and/or off independently one from the other. The modular magnetic device is characterized in that it comprises first and second mechanical and electrical connection means for mechanically and electrically connecting said magnetic device, when in operation, to corresponding second and first complementary mechanical and electrical connection means of other modular magnetic devices located adjacent thereto, to create a series of modular magnetic devices mechanically and electrically connected together.

Abstract: A magnetic lock system for releasably securing a heat exchanger with a component. The system includes: an electromagnet on one of the heat exchanger or the component and a magnetic region on the other of the heat exchanger or the component; the electromagnet being energizable to attract the magnetic region to secure the component and the heat exchanger in a thermally coupled position; and the electromagnet being de-energizable to release the component and the heat exchanger from the thermally coupled position.

Abstract: A manufacturing method employing a robotic assembly system includes first and second fastener system components that are positioned by a robotic assembly on opposite sides of at least two structural pieces that are to be fastened together. The first system component includes a particular tool of a plurality of different types of tools, where the particular tool installs a particular fastener of a plurality of different types of fasteners. Each tool includes a block or base of magnetic material with a passageway opening for the fastener associated with the tool passing through the base. The robotic assembly positions the tool against one side of the structural pieces to be fastened, and positions an electromagnet assembly on the opposite side of the structural pieces. Activating the electromagnet assembly clamps the structural pieces together. With the fastener positioned in a hole through the structural pieces, the tool is activated to install the fastener between the structural pieces.

Abstract: An electromagnetic lifter comprises at least two polar expansions (4), shaped for transporting a horizontal axis coil or the like, arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the coil to be lifted, divided into two halves (4a, 4b) slidable with respect to each other under the action of an actuator mechanism (5) and shaped so as to be able to penetrate each other. The adjustability of the polar expansions (4) allows them to better adapt to the different diameters of the coils to be lifted, with the result of exploiting the greatest possible useful polar section and of reducing to a minimum the operational air gaps, whereby the lifter need not be oversized to take into account the most unfavourable case and it results smaller, lighter and cheaper.

Abstract: A clamp assembly comprises a first clamp including a plurality of magnet devices. Each magnet device includes a permanent magnet and a coil surrounding the permanent magnet. The clamp assembly further comprises a controller for pulsing the coils to selectively magnetize and demagnetize the permanent magnets.

Abstract: In this method, magnetic studs housed in a plate are connected to magnetic flux measuring circuits, which define measuring zones, and to power circuits that make it possible to magnetize or demagnetize the studs. The method comprises prior steps that consist in determining (100) at least two treatment zones each defined by at least one measuring zone and defining (102) a surface of the clamping plate in contact with the part to be clamped, as well as following steps consisting, for each treatment zone, in identifying (103) one or more magnetic studs included in a surface of the clamping plate in contact with the part to be clamped, measuring (105) the magnetic flux produced by the stud or studs identified previously, calculating (106) an actual magnetic clamping force based on the measurement of the preceding step and on the identification made previously, calculating (108) a theoretical magnetic force thanks to this identification.

Abstract: A flexible display includes a flexible substrate, a metal material coupled to the flexible substrate, and at least one electromagnet coupled to the flexible substrate. The electromagnet generates a force to attract the metal material when the flexible substrate changes from a first state to a second state. The force assists in holding the flexible substrate in the second state, which may be a rolled state, folded state, or another changed state. The flexible substrate includes a display area corresponding to a plurality of pixels for generating an image.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clamping system contains a housing, numerous permanent magnets, numerous low friction surfaces having a number of wheels, an end effector, an electromagnetic clamping device, first, second, and third coil systems, and a core. The end effector performs operations on a workpiece. The electromagnetic clamping device has an activated state and a deactivated state. The electromagnetic clamping device further includes a first coil system generating a first magnetic field causing normal forces on the permanent magnet unit and the clamping device; a second coil system generating a second magnetic field causing side forces on the permanent magnet unit; and a third coil system generating a third magnetic field causing a rotational force on the permanent magnet unit. The core provides access to the workpiece surface for performing operations thereon; and concentrates forces from a number of magnetic fields on the core surface contacting the workpiece surface.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a magnetic device for clamping ferromagnetic workpieces comprising a frame having a first magnetic circuit configured to generate a first magnetic field adapted to clamp a ferromagnetic workpiece to be processed; a second magnetic circuit configured to generate a second magnetic field adapted to clamp said ferromagnetic workpiece to a machine tool bed; said first magnetic circuit and said second magnetic circuit being adapted to be controlled to turn on and/or off independently one from the other. The modular magnetic device is characterized in that it comprises first and second mechanical and electrical connection means for mechanically and electrically connecting said magnetic device, when in operation, to corresponding second and first complementary mechanical and electrical connection means of other modular magnetic devices located adjacent thereto, to create a series of modular magnetic devices mechanically and electrically connected together.

Abstract: An inchworm motion linear motor based on an electromagnetic clamping device in a technical field of electromagnetic motors includes more than two electromagnetic clamping mechanisms which are arranged in pairs and mutually symmetrically connected. The electromagnetic clamping mechanism includes magnetic field generation devices, rolling bodies, an output shaft and a shell body, wherein the magnetic field generation devices are fixedly arranged outside the shell body; and the shell body and the rolling bodies are sleeved outside the output shaft in sequence. The inchworm motion linear motor based on the electromagnetic clamping device can be manufactured into an electric control super-large clamping force device by sensitively controlling mechanical rigid locking and releasing states with electromagnetically. The clamping device can be manufactured into a driving device or the linear motor with super-large load and precise movement.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a magnetic apparatus for magnetic clamping of ferrous elements (P1), comprising a support structure (11) with at least one pole piece (30A) held within its thickness (S), first and second sides (12, 13) being formed in said support structure (11, 11A) at the opposed larger surfaces, said pole piece (30A) comprising at least one first pole piece collector (50), said first pole piece collector (50) being adapted to convey at least one first magnetic flux (F1) generated by said magnetic apparatus to said first side (12, 13). The invention is characterized in that said at least one first pole piece collector (50) is held within the thickness (S) of said support structure (11) and is formed of one piece with said support structure (11).

Abstract: A magnetic holding device is adapted for holding a mask during processing of a substrate. The magnetic holding device includes a substrate carrier which is adapted for receiving the substrate to be processed. The substrate carrier includes a permanent magnet adapted for generating a first magnetic field for holding the mask. Furthermore, the substrate carrier includes a solenoid which is adapted for generating a second magnetic field adapted for at least partially compensating the first magnetic field. In case the first magnetic field is compensated, at least partially, by means of the second magnetic field, the mask is released from the substrate carrier.

Abstract: A one-piece multipole plate for a magnetic clamping apparatus, a process for making such plate and a magnetic apparatus having such plate. The magnetic apparatus has a plurality of pole pieces and the plurality of pole pieces extend from the plate and are formed of one piece with the plate.

Abstract: A system for transferring power and/or data through a skin of a vehicle includes a first module for disposition on an external surface of the vehicle, a first magnet arrangement attached to the first module, a second module for disposition on an internal surface of the vehicle, and a second magnet arrangement attached to the second module. The first magnet arrangement and the second magnet arrangement are selected to provide sufficient magnetic attraction therebetween to maintain the first module at a fixed position on the external surface of the vehicle by overcoming an air load force when the vehicle is in motion. When the first module and the second module are in registration with each other though the non-ferrous skin, at least one inductive coupling circuit through the non-ferrous skin is formed to provide one or more bidirectional paths therebetween for transfer of data signals, electrical power or both.

Abstract: An assembly includes a cylindrical magnet assembly, which includes comprises at least one coil mounted on a former. The assembly also includes a bore tube with a number of radially-directed retaining protrusions formed in a material of the bore tube, each of the number of radially-directed retaining protrusions configured to bear against a periphery of a corresponding cavity in the former.

Abstract: A detent device or mechanism may include a strut comprising at least one strut magnetic array, at least one detent magnetic array, and other components and systems. The at least one detent magnetic array and the at least one strut magnetic array may, for example, apply a magnetic detent force to the strut.

Abstract: A component of a substrate support assembly such as a substrate support or edge ring includes a plurality of current loops incorporated in the substrate support and/or the edge ring. The current loops are laterally spaced apart and extend less than halfway around the substrate support or edge ring with each of the current loops being operable to induce a localized DC magnetic field of field strength less than 20 Gauss above a substrate supported on the substrate support during plasma processing of the substrate. When supplied with DC power, the current loops generate localized DC magnetic fields over the semiconductor substrate so as to locally affect the plasma and compensate for non-uniformity in plasma processing across the substrate.

Abstract: A system includes an instrument coupled to a magnetic material. The orientation of the instrument is influenced by a magnetic field generated by an array of magnetic elements. Each element of the array is controlled by a data value in a magnetic control store to produce a field strength and polarity. Overwriting the pattern in the magnetic control store will result in a magnetic field which applies a torque to the instrument and cause an azimuthal or elevational rotary movement about the center of the instrument.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus controls a relative position between a first member and a second member. The apparatus includes an electromagnet fixed to the first member, an attraction target fixed to the second member so as to be attracted by the electromagnet, a magnetic flux sensor which detects a magnetic flux value generated by the electromagnet, and a driving unit which drives the electromagnet in accordance with an error between the magnetic flux value detected by the magnetic flux sensor and a corrected magnetic flux command value obtained by correcting a magnetic flux command value in accordance with a size of a gap between the electromagnet and the attraction target.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a one-piece multipole plate for a magnetic clamping apparatus, a process for making such plate and a magnetic apparatus having such plate, wherein the magnetic apparatus has a plurality of pole pieces and said plurality of pole pieces extend from said plate and are formed of one piece with said plate.

Abstract: A system for detachment of correlated magnetic structures includes first and second correlated magnetic structure having complementary coded magnetic sources; and a tool that applies a bias magnet field to cause a transition of the first and second magnetic structures from a closed state in which the first and second magnetic structures are attached to an open state in which the first and second magnetic structures are detached.