Abstract: An electromagnet is provided having a housing and a coil disposed therein. The coil comprises three strips of material placed adjacent one another in an interleaved fashion. The coil comprises a strip of insulation, a magnetic strip, and an electrical conductor strip. The magnetic strip extends radially for only a portion of the coil. The electrical conductor strip comprises two separate materials. In one embodiment, the electrical conductor strip comprises a segment of bare copper, and a segment of bare aluminum.

Abstract: The electromagnetic clutch (10) includes a rotor assembly (12), an armature assembly (14) and a field assembly (16). The field assembly (16) includes a ring and flange assembly (86). A terminal passage (104) is provided through the base portion (100) of the circular ring 96 with a U-shaped cross-section that form as a toroidal chamber (98). An electromagnetic coil (90) is encased in a bobbin (88) and a cap (92) and inserted into the toroidal chamber with a bobbin terminal post (110) extending into the terminal passage (104). A terminal housing (120) with a terminal sleeve (142) telescopically receives the bobbin terminal post (110) and the terminal sleeve (142) extends into the terminal passage (104). Leads (112 and 114) from the electromagnetic coil (90) extend into the terminal housing (120). Terminals (122) are housed in terminal apertures (136 and 138) in the terminal housing ( 120) and are in contact with the leads (112 and 114).

Abstract: In the magnetic chuck disclosed herein, a pair of elongate pole members are arranged to provide magnetic contact with a workpiece along parallel lines and thus are somewhat in the nature of rails. Preferably, the ends of the poles are segmented and provide for height adjustment to accommodate workpieces which are not entirely flat. The pole members extend along the sides of an elongate base plate with a space therebetween. Interposed between each pole member and the base member is a relatively thin layer of permanent magnetic material which resists de-magnetation. A switchable permeable magnet is provided between the pole members above the base plate and this latter permanent magnet is surrounded by a coil which allows the polarity of its magnetism to be switched so that it either aids or opposes the thin magnetic layer in polarizing the pole ends.

Abstract: A shaking table for laboratory use for agitating liquid in flasks has at least one direct electromagnetic drive, for example, opposed pairs of electromagnets (14, 15) arranged orthogonally. A control device may control pulse frequency and amplitude to the electromagnets to produce different shaking modes. A plurality of drive members connected to an articulation mechanism are movable by the electromagnets, the articulation mechanism being mounted to the table. The table is mounted to a base by a plurality of flexible posts.

Abstract: A terminal connection structure of an electromagnetic coupling device includes terminal housing unit, an extraction hole, a flat contact portion, a conductive mount member, and a conductive support member connected to a power source lead line. The terminal housing unit is formed integrally with a resin coil bobbin having an electromagnetic coil therein, and projects from a through hole formed in a yoke having an annular groove in which the resin coil bobbin is press-fitted. The extraction hole is formed in the terminal housing unit to extract one end of a winding of the electrogmagnetic coil. The flat contact portion is formed between a pair of grooves formed on two sides thereof in the terminal housing unit, and one end of the winding extracted from the extraction hole is brought into contact with the flat contact portion. The conductive mount member is press-fitted in one groove of the terminal housing unit to hold a portion of the winding brought into contact with the flat contact portion.

Abstract: A new structure of electromagnetic sucker comprising a sucker, a base, an intermediate plate and a solenoid in the form of a knockdown structure for the highest strength and precision and for even distribution of magnet force for the highest magnet attraction by using of the intermediate plate.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coupling device is proposed to obviate drawbacks in the conventional coupling devices, namely, expensive production cost brought about by such step as caulking with rivet or by screw setting in making armature and spring assembly. The proposed electromagnetic coupling devices uses an armature and spring assembly which composed of a ring shaped flat spring formed with a plurality of axially extending protrusions instead of a leaf spring, and an armature having a radially extending projections for effecting spring action to the armature. The ring shaped flat spring in the modified armature/spring assembly can be fabricated with less procuction cost and can be readily fitted to to the armature with less man hours, thereby the production cost can be remarkably reduced.

Abstract: An electromagnetic drag pad, particularly for providing all the drag force needed where slit ferrous strip is to be coiled at a coiling station, comprises a panel of drag friction material covering pole faces of an electromagnet which magnetically attracts the moving ferrous strip into frictional engagement with the panel of drag friction material thereby establishing a back tension to permit satisfactory formation of a stable coil of each strip at a coiling station; the electromagnet has a core comprising a multiplicity of elongated spaced apart substantially parallel pole elements defining therebetween gaps which accommodate an electric winding which is connected to a power supply (such as a low voltage DC high amperage supply) for energizing the electromagnet, the pole elements having respective pole faces which provide an alternating array of north and south poles.

Abstract: A magnetic gripping apparatus for gripping metal parts on machine tools, conveyor systems and the like. The apparatus comprises an external ferromagnetic yoke having a base plate and lateral walls; a first and at least a second pole unit, each unit comprising a main pole piece having an outer face defining a work-gripping surface parallel to said base plate; and an intermediate pole member between said first and second pole units, said pole member extending from the base plate to the gripping surface, and permanent magnets arranged at least between the main pole pieces, the base plate and an electric winding encirling the magnets between the main pole pieces and the base plate, said permanent magnets, in an activated condition of the apparatus, providing a pole distribution on the gripping surface in which said first and second pole units exhibit poles of opposite polarity on their outer faces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembling magnetic serpentine coils on a magnetic sheet includes a carriage movable vertically and horizontally and supporting on its lower side a plurality of elongated electromagnets. Permanent magnets are arranged to have an upper surface engageable with the electromagnet and a lower surface having indentations to conform with the tubing. The movement of the carriage and the energization of the electromagnet are controlled so that the electromagnet is energized with a first polarity to attract the permanent magnet members and the serpentine tubing to lift the tubing from a predetermined position and, by movement of the carriage, pick up the tubing, transfer it horizontally to the sheet, and vertically deposit it on the sheet. The electromagnets are then reversed in polarity to cause the permanent magnets to separate from the electromagnets and clamp the tubing on the sheet so that the tubing can be fastened by other methods.

Abstract: A fixture for locating a workpiece in a precisely established position comprises a lower magnetic base and an upper fixture plate, the workpiece being fixtured on the plate. The base includes a permanent magnet which normally clamps the plate to the base but which is disabled and releases the plate when an electromagnet in the base is energized. Prior to clamping the plate to the base, the plate is located in a precise edgewise position on the base by quickly insertable and removable dowel pins adapted to be received by the plate and the base with a precision fit.

Abstract: A device for magnetically holding workpieces to be machined on machine-tools has a magnetic field source (3, 4) and, disposed thereon, a plate (5) whose side adapted to support workpieces (I) has recesses (6) intended to define magnetic poles. The plate (5), in its side facing the magnetic field source (3, 4), has auxiliary grooves (7) shifted with respect to the recesses (6) in such a manner that the distance (b) from the bottom of the recess (6) surface of to the of the plate (5) facing the magnetic field source (3, 4), the distance (a) between the recess (6) and auxiliary groove (7), and the overlap (c) between the recess (6) and auxiliary groove (7) are substantially equal to one another.

Abstract: A device comprising a plate (1) for holding workpieces (11) when handled on a machine tool, and a magnetic field excitation unit which is made in the form of at least one magnetic core (3) mounted on a base (2). A bottom portion (4) of each of the cores (3) is encompassed by a direct-current coil winding (6) and is thickened so as to form, together with the top portions (5), a step for the plate (1) to rest upon. The top portion (5) is accommodated in the interior of the plate (1) and is magnetically insulated therefrom with the aid of elements (7) made of a nonmagnetic material. The area of contact of the plate (1) with the core (3) does not exceed the cross-sectional area of the plate (1) confined within the perimeter of the step of the core (3), while a distance (.tau.) between the axes of the cores (3) is determined by the following relationship: ##EQU1## where B is the magnetic induction corresponding to the magnetic saturation of the material of the plate (1);h is the thickness of the plate (1);P.sub.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrically controllable permanent magnetic quick break switching system for raising, transporting and stacking ferromagnetic parts. The system includes a magnetized permanent magnet 1 centrally arranged in the direction of its smallest dimension in a magnetically conducting iron support member, on which magnet there sits a magnetically conducting compensation plate 5 having a magnetically conducting bar 3 and magnetically conducting central pole 6 and additionally an electrical coil 4 between the compensation plate and the control pole for compensation (displacement) of the magnetic field from the region of the working air gap 7. For optimum compensation, i.e., of the most extensive delay free releasing of ferromagnetic thick to thinnest parts with simultaneously high forces the structural dimensions of the system are in reciprocal relationships which are individually stated in claim 1.

Abstract: Permanent magnets are used to perform useful work. The field of a first permanent magnet is diverted by electromagnetic coils to such a low value that another opposing permanent magnet can approach the first magnet without the application of undue force. The field in the first magnet is restored to act on the second magnet so as to repel it. The force which results may be harnessed to effect reciprocal or rotary motion.

Abstract: Prior art magnetic chuck control systems do not utilize state of the art components and do not sufficiently isolate the power output from control circuits. The instant invention discloses a magnetic chuck control system employing solid state circuitry including a power output circuit (24) adapted to apply a DC voltage to an object such as a magnetic chuck (12) or the like so as to magnetize the same. The power output circuit employs a triac reversing circuit and is interfaced with a digital control circuit (26) and a digital-to-analog converter circuit (30) so as to apply alternating polarity voltage signals of successively reduced magnitude to the chuck during a demagnetizing operation. All high voltage is confined to the power output circuit so as to provide significant safety protection to the operator.

Abstract: An electromagnetic chuck power supply and control comprising a magnetic amplifier consisting of a saturable reactor supplying DC power at its output across the electromagnet coils of the electromagnetic chuck. A controllably variable DC current is supplied across the control winding of the magnetic amplifier such that the DC power at the output of the magnetic amplifier is inversely proportional to the DC current flow through the control winding. Variable workpiece holding power is thus obtained at the electromagnetic chuck. At full control current flow, the electromagnetic chuck has no holding power except that due to the residual magnetization of the workpiece. In the event of complete failure of the control current circuit, maximum holding force is applied by the chuck to the workpiece.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coupling apparatus for interrupting power transmission is disclosed in which a terminal of a magnet coil for attracting an armature to a rotary body is connected with an electrical terminal of an electric connector directly outside of a fixing member without using a lead wire or the like therebetween. A stopper is secured in direct contact or with a small gap to a recess formed at part of the fixing member, thus preventing the rotation of the yoke including the magnet coil.

Abstract: A magnetic holder for releasably retaining a ferromagnetic object, having a core member composed of a semi-hard magnetic material magnetized permanently by an instantaneous capacitor discharge current passing in a first direction through coils wound on the core member to permanently retain the object. The capacitor discharge current is passed in a second direction opposite to the first through the coils to demagnetize the previously magnetizer core member and allow the object to be magnetically released.

Abstract: A magnetic work-holding device with at least two pole shoes defining a work surface, and a main magnetic core interposed between the two aforementioned shoes; the other sides of the pole shoes are fed by secondary magnetic elements whose poles facing the same pole shoe, have the same sign as the pole corresponding to the main magnetic core. A ferromagnetic yoke encircles the base and the sides of the equipment, short-circuiting the remaining poles of the secondary magnetic elements.

Abstract: A coil for an electromagnet is made up of a spiral wound, anodized aluminum strip, and a strip of magnetic material wound in interleaved fashion with the central portion of the aluminum strip. The magnetic material strip is electrically insulated from the aluminum strip and the aluminum strip is electrically energized to excite the magnet. The magnetic material strip is wider than the aluminum strip and extends beyond both opposite edges of the aluminum strip to make direct contact with the coil housing and a pole shoe. Electrical insulating material fills the cavity defined by the magnetic strip projecting beyond the edges of the aluminum strip.

Abstract: A releasable magnetic attachment for underwater diver's hose and the like utilizing pneumatic, hydraulic or electromagnetic release actuating means operable by the diver or by an operator on a tender on the surface of the water, or a manual release operable by the diver underwater.

Abstract: A cooled magnet is disclosed for lifting magnetic materials with incident savings in the cost of energy. The magnet comprises a dome-shaped metal case open to the atmosphere under the case, and, for producing a magnetic field, a continuous hollow conductor electrical winding removably disposed on a central core within the metal case. The metal case and central core are each provided with a radial slot in a vertical plane to inhibit the build-up of eddy currents. The hollow conductor offers an electrically continuous path, but is preferably so constructed as to provide a fluid discontinuous path for a cooling medium circulated within the hollow conductor.The dome-shaped metal case includes an inverted dished housing and a reinforcing cap member. The dished housing and cap member are fabricated from plural arcuate steel shells of predetermined configuration, superposed and nested one upon another in unimpeded magnetic communication with the central core.

Abstract: Magnetic apparatus for securing ferromagnetic pieces to lifting equipment, conveying devices and machine tools. The apparatus comprises a first nonreversible magnetopermanent core; a second reversible magnetopermanent core coacting with the former on a same magnetic yoke defining part of the work securing surface, and a solenoid wound about said reversible core and supplied with direct current in either direction for a period of time sufficient to cause said reversible core to follow a portion of the hysterisis loop thereof to generate an electromagnetic field for inverting the polarization of said core, thus enabling respective activation or deactivation of the work securing surface.

Abstract: A magnetic plate or holder, especially for machine tools, of the type in which a magnetically attractable workpiece can be retained by magnetic force on the plate for a machining process, e.g. surface grinding, comprises a pole plate, a frame of soft magnetic material and a sole plate of soft magnetic material. Within the frame there is disposed a stack of alternately hard magnetic material, magnets of high coercive force and magnetic cores of low coercive force provided with respective energizing coils. In the inoperative position of the system, the electromagnetic cores are magnetized opposite the high-coercive-force hard magnetic members and, in the inoperative position of the magnetic plate, the magnetic cores are magnetized in the same sense as the hard magnetic bodies, thereby closing a magnetic short circuit field through the stack, the frame and the sole plate.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuously casting molten metal into a rod of indefinite length comprising a rotatable casting wheel having an elongate arcuate molding passageway for receiving molten metal, and a plug which is retained within the passageway by magnetic force for temporarily blocking the passageway at an intermediate position along its length to prevent escape of molten metal from the passageway during initial start-up of the casting operation.

Abstract: An electromagnet is secured to one end of a tug rope which is to be paid out from a tugboat towards a ship to be tugged, and the electromagnet consists of a plurality of relatively movable magnetic pole members, and hence the whole magnetic pole surface of the electromagnet is composed of a plurality of magnetic pole surfaces of said magnetic pole members. Thus, the end surfaces of said magnetic pole members may accommodate themselves to the curved surface or non-irregular surface of the hull of a ship to be tugged due to the relative, independent movements of the respective magnetic pole members, thereby bringing each of the end surfaces of the magnetic pole members into intimate contact therewith, whereby the end of the tug rope may be rigidly secured to the hull of the ship by means of the electromagnet thus facilitating connection of the tugboat with the ship to be tugged, in positive, safe and simple manner.

Abstract: The magnetic chuck disclosed herein is of the interlocking finger type and substantial components thereof are fabricated by making parallel oblique cuts in conventional bar stock thereby to generate a succession of parallelogram-shaped pieces. A series of the parallelogram pieces are assembled with alternate pieces being reversed so that they overlap only over a common triangular area with adjacent parallelogram pieces being separated by interleaved triangular spacers. The projecting fingers provided by such an assembly may be then mated with other similar or half-similar pole-piece units to form an interlock magnetic chuck top plate.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer is electrostatically clamped against a support by positioning an intermediate solid dielectric layer therebetween and applying a potential difference, thereby firmly and evenly clamping the wafer for photoresist or ion beam implantation operations.

Abstract: A permanent magnet holding system, e.g. adapted to handle ferromagnetic material, of which the cancellation of the magnetic holding force is effected with a minimum expenditure of energy, and wherein the external magnetism may reliably be cancelled out, comprises two or more permanent magnets fitted with polepieces so disposed that the external holding force can be controllably varied to total disappearance by a polarity reversal of permanent magnets by means of an electromagnetic coil; wherein the permanent magnet or magnets which the coil is intended to repolarize is/are made of a low coercivity permanent magnet material, and the other permanent magnet(s) is/are made of a relatively high coercivity material.

Abstract: An electromagnetic lifting device for handling a ferromagnetic material, which device has a magnetic assembly consisting of a plurality of movable magnetic pole members having relatively small pole areas, and said assembly has a given total pole area, thus said total area being the sum of the pole areas of the movable magnetic pole members. In this electromagnetic lifting device, the respective magnetic pole members to be excited electrically are assembled in a manner to permit same to move vertically relative to each other, so that the magnetic pole members can accommodate themselves to the configuration, such as concave, convex or curved surface of a ferromagnetic material and move in vertical direction so as to freely contact the surface of the ferromagnetic material, thereby exerting an effective lifting force on the ferromagnetic material.