Abstract: A winding core is formed by extruding a kneaded material to be obtained by kneading a powdered magnetic material and a binder. A plurality of bundled conducting wires are wound around the winding core into a coiled shape. An external cover element is formed by extruding the kneaded material to enclose the plurality of conducting wires. The winding core and the external cover element are sintered such that the plurality of bundled conducting wires wound around the core into a coiled shape are deformed into a zigzag manner by the stress due to shrinkage of the external cover element at the time of sintering thereof. The partially manufactured product obtained by the preceding steps, is cut into a predetermined length to thereby obtain a plurality of chip inductor main bodies. An external electrode is formed on each of end surfaces of the respective chip inductor main bodies. The external electrode is connected to each end portion of the conducting wires.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes an elongated magnetic core and a coil wound on the periphery of the magnetic core so as to detect a magnetic field based on the change of inductance of the coil with high sensitivity and without increasing the number of turns of the coil. The number of turns of the coil in the central part of the magnetic core is larger than that of the coil at the end parts of the magnetic core. Thus, a bias field due to a bias current supplied to the coil is efficiently applied to the magnetic core. As a result, the inductance of the coil can be set to a large value without increasing the number of turns of the coil and a high sensitivity can be obtained.

Abstract: A method of sensing alternating current in a cable having at least a pair of longitudinal conductors each of the pair carrying a current equal or unequal in absolute value to the other in mutually opposite directions, is comprised of disposing a coil with its lateral plane adjacent the cable in a position whereby electromagnetic fields caused by the currents intersect primarily different portions of the coil and induce current in the coil, and detecting the induced current in the coil.

Abstract: Main and supplemental windings are combined in a toroidal inductor to subntially nullify Lorentz Forces on the main winding and the magnetic field thereof which passes externally from the inductor.

Abstract: The internal and/or external magnetic fields of a coil are nullified to ad structurally detrimental Lorentz Forces and/or environmentally hazardous magnetic fields, in accordance with preestablished design objectives.

Abstract: The inductor has a winding arranged on a straight magnetic core formed by, for example, a ferrite cylinder (4) accommodated in a cylinder (1) made of a moulded plastics material and having a longitudinal groove in its outer cylindrical surface, in which groove a bar (2) of an electrically resistive material is mounted, the bar being fixed underneath the winding wire (3). The inductor is used for the injection of low-frequency current into a cable of a CATV system.

Abstract: A high frequency magnetic property measuring apparatus for soft magnetic film includes a magnetic detection device for detecting the intensity of magnetization in a sample material, a high frequency magnetic field generator for generating magnetic field, a power source for supplying current to the magnetic field generator, and a data processing device for getting high frequency magnetic parameters of the sample by using a detection signal output from the magnetic detector. The magnetic field generator is made up of a plane-shaped coil of a conductor having a configuration in which both ends of the plane-shaped coil are closed to form a cavity as a second internal cavity in which the detector is placed. The magnetic detector is made up of a plane-shaped coil of a conductor having a configuration in which both ends of said plane-shaped coil are closed to form a cavity as a first internal cavity in which the sample material is placed. The magnetic detector is placed in the magnetic field generator.

Abstract: A structure provides a gradient field useful in magnetic resonance imaging. Axially aligned, solenoidal-like coils are symmetrically distributed around the perimeter of the bore of a superconducting magnet in an MRI system so as to produce transverse gradients in the X and Y directions with exceptionally high efficiency and exceptionally low acoustic noise. Opposed solenoidal endcoils may be added to reduce axial flux leakage by generating an axial quadrupolar field. Radially aligned coils may be positioned near each end of the axial coils to reduce leakage flux by adding a transverse quadrupolar field to form a resulting octopolar field. Typically, the solenoid-like coils have a mean radius of about 15% of the radius of that of the imaging ellipsoidal region. A thick-walled stainless steel, copper and resin cylinder may be used to simplify gradient shielding problems. Silver plated bronze or stainless steel sheet is used as an rf shield.

Abstract: A flat transformer has a coil body. The coil body is formed by winding plural insulated conductive wires. Each of the plural insulated conductive wires has a conductor having a circular shaped cross-section, and an outer peripheral portion of the conductor is coated by an insulating coating. A part of plural insulated conductive wires is used to form a primary winding and the remainder of the plural insulated conductive wires is used to form a secondary winding. A flat transformer may also have plural coil bodies. The plural coil bodies may be wound at plural stages. A part of the plural coil bodies is may be used to form a primary winding and the remainder of plural coil bodies may be used to form a secondary winding. The flat transformer can operate stably at a high frequency with a small loss.

Abstract: A switching power supply embodiment of the present invention includes a plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC) that has two rectangular holes joined by a channel on the bottom surface that allow the PLCC to be surface mounted on a printed circuit board over a ferrite U-core section. A ferrite I-core section caps the ends of the U-core section above the top surface of the PLCC. A wire frame within the PLCC provides for several individual parallel conductor segments that pass between the two holes to rows of surface mount pins on opposite edges of the PLCC. Traces on the printed circuit board complete the connection of these conductor segments to form a primary winding of a transformer. A secondary winding is similarly constructed using pins on another edge of the PLCC.

Abstract: A distribution transformer has a wound magnetic core (50) of overall circular shape and rectangular cross-section with between two and four overall rectangular shape electric coils (20,30) extending through the core window. The coils (20,30) are pre-formed and assembled so that their parts (20A,30A) which meet form a circular section solid cylinder. A mandrel (40) is then located around this cylinder (20A,30A) and continuous non-amorphous steel strip is wound thereon to form an unannealed, uncut wound magnetic core of axial length in the range 250 mm to 1 m. In a modification, amorphous steel strip is first wound on to another mandrel, annealed, and then transferred from the other mandrel on to the mandrel around the coils.

Abstract: An ignition coil is disclosed that includes a primary coil, a secondary coil and a core about which the primary and secondary coil are disposed. The secondary coil has in inner diameter greater than the diameter of the primary coil. The primary coil is disposed on the core and the secondary coil is disposed about the primary coil. The secondary coil includes a spiral-back pyramid winding configuration which results in a desired distributed capacitance for the secondary windings thereby providing desired electrical characteristics for a resonant circuit. The winding layers of the secondary coil decrease in the number of turns as the coil is wound to achieve a desired distributed capacitance of the coil. A spiral-back winding technique decreases adjacent winding layer voltages so that the inter-layer insulation requirements are reduced to a lower value thereby decreasing the insulation thickness of the secondary coil.

Abstract: A monolithic high-Q inductor structure is formed with multiple metalization levels in a conventional integrated circuit technology in which inductor turns utilize these multiple levels to reduce the inductor resistance. Inductors with Q values above five can be integrated with this approach at radio and microwave frequencies.

Abstract: A multi-pole magnetic component, such as an inductor, includes z-folded conductive film windings and a core having a plurality of pairs of spaced apart core posts extending between a base plate and a top plate of the core. The core includes an air gap that is distributed substantially evenly along the flux path. Magnetic flux flows through the core posts in a series manner so as to have an opposite flux direction in adjacent poles. Preferably, the air gap is determined such that the ratio of the distance between each adjacent core post and the distance between the base and top plates results in magnetic fields that are substantially tangential to the surface of the conductive film winding. Furthermore, the core posts are preferably shaped to have a larger cross sectional area at the base portion of the posts than at the top portion thereof. Alternatively, the core posts are attached to the bottom plate and are inserted into suitably shaped cut-out portions of the top plate.

Abstract: A Rogowski coil comprising at least one printed circuit plate provided with a circular cutout, the coil being implemented by rectilinear metal deposits on each of the two faces of the plate and extending along radii such that geometrical projections thereof intersect in the center of said cutout, electrical connections between the radii on one face and those on the opposite face being implemented by plated through holes that pass through the thickness of the plate.

Abstract: A transformer secondary winding comprises a laminated structure which includes first and second outer sheets fabricated from an insulator material, sandwiched between the outer sheets is a thin flexible sheet of a magnetizable material. The first and second outer sheets each have a parallel conductive line pattern on a surface thereof. Selected ends of the lines on the first sheet are connected to the selected ends of the lines on the second sheet in such a manner as to provide a coiled pattern between the sheets, which coiled pattern encircles the central magnetizable sheet. The above laminated configuration can be flexed or rolled into a circular configuration to form a transformer secondary winding. The circular secondary windings are concentrically positioned about a first primary cylinder fabricated from an insulator sheet having parallel conductor elements or lines arranged on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A distribution transformer has a wound magnetic core (50) of overall circular shape and rectangular cross-section with between two and four overall rectangular shape electric coils (20,30) extending through the core window. The coils (20,30) are pre-formed and assembled so that their parts (20A,30A) which meet form a circular section solid cylinder. A mandrel (40) is then located around this cylinder (20A,30A) and continuous non-amorphous steel strip is wound thereon to form an unannealed, uncut wound magnetic core of axial length in the range 250 mm to 1 m. In a modification, amorphous steel strip is first wound on to another mandrel, annealed, and then transferred from the other mandrel on to the mandrel around the coils.

Abstract: A continuous method of measuring magnetic properties of a strip or sheet of an electrical steel comprises the steps of inducing in the strip or sheet electro magnetic forces and measuring the value of such induced electro magnetic forces by passing the strip or sheet continuously through a flux density detecting search coil. The search coil comprises along a part of its length a jet of fluid electrolyte.

Abstract: A laminate type line transformer. On one side of an insulating substrate, a primary coil section which is a laminate of a first coil pattern layer and a second coil pattern layer with an insulating layer in-between is provided. On the other side of the insulating substrate, a secondary coil section which is a laminate of a first coil pattern layer and a second coil pattern layer with an insulating layer in-between is provided. Both in the primary coil section and in the secondary coil section, conductors of the first coil pattern layer and conductors of the second coil pattern layer are electrically connected alternately via a hole made in the insulating layer.

Abstract: A printed circuit resolver produces voltage outputs that vary according to sine and cosine functions with the angular position of a rotor winding. Each resolver winding is planar and comprises at least two planar multi-turn coils formed on a disk. Each coil comprises N turns and 2 M sectors, where N and M are numbers.

Abstract: A three phase transformer, e.g. a distribution transformer comprising three, substantially identical, frame shaped winding assemblies each containing primary and secondary windings which together form half legs having substantially semicircular cross section. The winding assemblies are placed together to form a triangular structure, so called temple configuration, wherein the half legs of adjacent winding assemblies combine into three legs having substantially circular cross section. A magnetic circuit is formed around each leg by winding a continuous strip of a ferromagnetic sheet material around the leg.

Abstract: A high frequency matrix transformer comprises a plurality of interdependent magnetic elements interwired as a transformer. The various component parts of the high frequency transformer are arranged and interwired to provide a transformer having very low leakage inductance and very good coupling from the primary to the secondary. The high frequency matrix transformer is particularly well adapted for transformers requiring high equivalent turns ratios, high frequency, high power, and high dielectric isolation. It can have a plurality of parallel secondaries, which can source current to parallel rectifier circuits with current sharing. It can also have a plurality of parallel primary circuits, which also will current share, to balance the load between source switching circuits, or to provide dual input voltage capability (i.e., 120/240 volts). The high frequency matrix transformer tends to be spread out, and can be very flat, making it easy to ventilate or heat sink.

Abstract: A conductive film magnetic component such as an inductor or transformer includes a conductive film winding having a generally serpentine configuration when disposed in a plane. This film is folded to form a stack of layers with each "layer" comprising part of a winding turn and with successive "layers" connected at the folds via the continuous conductive film. The conductive film may be self-supporting and coated with a dielectric layer or may be disposed on a dielectric membrane. The film and membrane are preferably patterned photolithographically.

Abstract: An electric power transmitting device transmits electric energy from one coil to another coil through an inductive coupling therebetween. One of the coils has an end bent in the axial direction of the coil. When the other coil is to be inserted into said one coil, it can be inserted in not only the axial direction of said one coil, but also a direction transverse to the axial direction through the bent end of the coil. Said one of the coils is typically housed in a holder, and the other coil in the grip of a gun-shaped, hand-held bar-code scanner. When the grip is inserted into a groove defined in the holder, the coils are magnetically coupled to each other, thus providing an inductive coupling. The bar-code scanner can easily be placed on and removed from the holder.

Abstract: A lamination type inductor has a plurality of ferrite sheets assembled one above the other and laminated together, the uppermost and lowermost sheets being end sheets having lead-out conductor patterns thereon and conductor patterns on the surfaces of the end sheets which face each other which are connected to the lead-out conductor patterns and which are for connection to conductor patterns on intermediate sheets, and a plurality of intermediate ferrite sheets, each having a conductor pattern on one surface thereof which corresponds to a 0.25 turn of an inductor coil and a conductor pattern on the other surface which corresponds to a 0.5 turn of an inductor coil, each ferrite sheet having an opening therethrough through which the conductor patterns of the 0.25 and 0.5 turn are electrically connected to form a 0.75 turn of an inductor coil on each ferrite sheet.

Abstract: Magnetic stimulator coils having a definable region wherein magnetic field intensity is greater than at other regions of the coil are disclosed. The definable region is formed by one or more corners in a coil and/or by a higher concentration of windings in one region of the coil. Because the magnetic field produced at the definable region of the windings is higher than at other regions, the location where stimulation is to occur is better defined when the definable region of a coil formed in accordance with the invention is suitably positioned on the skin of a patient and energized by a suitable power source. Preferably, the windings are splayed because splayed winding stimulator coils are more efficient than concentrated winding stimulator coils. Efficiency is better because magnetic field intensity is reduced where windings are splayed due to a reduction in mutual inductance.

Abstract: A method of discriminating coins by use of a pair of oval sensor coils opposedly arranged at both sides of a coin passage in a coin acceptor with the longitudinal axis of the coils extended along a coin guide rail in the coin passage is disclosed. The method comprises steps of detecting a variation of coil reactance caused by a coin rolling on the guide rail, counting clock pulses in a pass time from a start point to a final point of the variation of coil reactance, reading the whole variation of the coil reactance from the start point to the final point thereof by a microcomputer, providing a plurality of variation divided data by dividing the pass time by an integral number and comparing the variation data with corresponding reference data of genuine coin or coins previously stored in the microcomputer.

Abstract: A coaxial type starter device comprises an armature rotary shaft disposed in a dc motor, a rotary output shaft having a pinion at its one end and supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction, a solenoid-type an electromagnetic switch disposed in alignment with the axial line of the rotary output shaft, wherein the electromagnetic switch comprises a cylindrical casing surrounding through bolts extending in the axial direction along the inner circumferential surface of the casing, an exciting coil disposed in the casing and a plunger disposed at the inner part of the casing so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The exciting coil is in the shape of a race track in cross section and has a portion extending near the inner circumferential surface of the casing except for areas where the through bolts extend.

Abstract: A device for magnetographic quality inspection of a material, whereby a magnetic-recording medium is applied onto the material to be inspected, and they are together magnetized so that the resulting magnetogram can be used to assess the quality of the material. According to the invention, the intensity of the magnetizing field is established by the maximum curvature of the surface of a drop of a magnetic fluid applied onto the surface of the material to be inspected. A magnetic substance is placed between the magnetic-recording medium and the material so that the surface of the latter is smoothed out. The magnetizing device includes a magnetic yoke and a magnetizing coil loosely fitted thereon and composed of sections which are connected in parallel to one another.

Abstract: Improved electric induction heating apparatus wherein the coil has two or more windings of special low loss conductor with such windings electrically connected in parallel. The two or more windings can be wound simultaneously one on top of the other and/or disposed radially one outside of the other. The coil windings embedded in a rigid set resinous material thus providing a rigid cylindrical unit. At least one of the coil windings has the low loss conductor around a tube the latter providing a fluid flow path for circulatig cooling fluid therethrough by at least one of current balancing transformers, transposition of the windings, and appropriately choosing the number of turns of each coil layer. A split ring bus can be used at the ends of the coils to connect the windings in parallel and laminated steel yokes can be disposed about the coil.

Abstract: A transducer for object examination comprises a conductive member of generally disc-shape having an opening of generally triangular configuration extending from the periphery of the member toward its center with opposed sidewalls of the opening in nonparallel relation to one another. A winding is applied to the perimeter of the conductive member and spans the opening. In certain instances, the transducer winding defines successive courses in each turn thereof which are of respective different diameter.

Abstract: A magnetic coil arrangement for fusion reactors, wherein toroidal field coils and poloidal field coils are combined, the current paths of the toroidal field coils being led helically around the central axis of the fusion reactor at an angle of contact adapted to the requirements in each case. The current paths of the toroidal coils in this way generate at the same time a poloidal field. This achieves an energy saving with the same reactor parameters. Furthermore, the coil system can be supplemented with additional integrated or independent toroidal and poloidal field coils.

Abstract: An induction-hardening machine for the contour hardening of machine components such as gears includes a machine with both high-frequency and low-frequency induction generators operably arranged with corresponding induction coils positioned at a machine workstation and interfacing with computer controls. The high-frequency and low-frequency coils are arranged in a substantially concentric fashion such that the part to be induction hardened may be moved axially from one induction coil to the other depending upon the selected induction hardening process. The computer controls include a microprocessor operable to receive a computer disk which is formatted with specific machine settings and parameters for the automatic running and induction hardening of the particular part.

Abstract: A sensor coil for discriminating a coin has an oval configuration in a section parallel to the side of a coin passing through a coin passage, with one end in the longitudinal direction of the oval configuration having a large radius of curvature and the other end having a small radius of curvature. The oval shaped sensor coil is able to accurately discriminate a genuine coin or coins from others having different diameters and different materials.

Abstract: A transistor device for a microwave oscillating element having an FET transistor chip and a package encapsulating the chip therein. In order to avoid any affection of the external circuit to the input impedance of the transistor device and to make the phase rotation low at a frequency band higher than the X band, a conductor element is provided within the package to connect the drain electrode of the chip and a corresponding terminal of the package. The conductor element has an inductance to provide a sufficient high impedance at the intended frequency band. The conductor element is supported on an insulator plate fixedly mounted within the package.

Abstract: A stacked or laminated-layer type of flyback transformer includes a plurality of high voltage windings wound in regular order in a direction of the winding axis and arranged on the same core cylinder. The high voltage windings in the respective layers are connected in series with each other by diodes and so that a voltage is generated with a direction of stacking of these windings. A winding start position of the first layer high voltage winding nearest a primary winding is lagged with respect to the winding start positions of the second layer winding and subsequent layer winding. The winding start position of the first layer winding is selected to be the position of, for example, 0 to 25% when the winding width on the core cylinder is 100%.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor coil wherein the coil is formed into a shape comprising two generally C-shaped limbs (2, 3) one within the other, one of these limbs being covered by a magnetic screening material (4). In operation an e.m.f. is induced in each turn of the unscreened part of the coil (3) while no e.m.f. is induced in the screened part (4) and so the total e.m.f. induced is approximately equal to the e.m.f. that would be induced in a simple concentrically wound coil of the same number of turns and of the same dimensions as the unscreened portion of the coil. The coil according to the invention is especially suitable for use with a system for monitoring an electric motor where the coil may be placed adjacent the motor end plate concentrically around the motor shaft without having to uncouple the motor from its load.

Abstract: In a high-voltage transformer of particularly small size comprising a magnetic circuit and a coil shell on which is wound a secondary winding consisting of one or a number of separate secondary coils, each secondary coil is contained within a channel closed by an insulating ring made up of two segments. The two ring segments are assembled around the channel in a movement performed in the same plane as that of the channel.

Abstract: A transformer system for measuring electrical current includes an electrical conductor having first and second conductor portions. The first conductor portion conducts electrical current in one direction and the second conductor portion conducts the electrical current in an opposite direction. The first conductor portion produces a magnetic field H.sub.a and the second conductor portion produces a magnetic field H.sub.b. A coil having a non-ferromagnetic core is positioned between the first and second conductor portions so that the axis of the coil is substantially parallel to the magnetic fields H.sub.a and H.sub.b. The separation between the outer circumferential surface of the coil and the first and second conductor portions is the minimum distance for avoiding a voltage breakdown therebetween for a predetermined maximum electrical current in the conductor portions. At least one ferromagnetic shield surrounds the first and second conductor portions for shielding the coil from external magnetic fields.

Abstract: The transformer comprises a primary coil comprising a conductive strip wound around an insulating coil base comprising a central part, two parts located at the ends of the central part with a roughly rectangular shape, the bigger sides of which extend along a second and a third direction which are mutually opposite. The length of the central part, measured along the initial direction, is determined so that the two ends have the directions of their bigger sides colinear in pairs when the central part is wound around the coil base. The two angles, formed at the points where the edges of the parts located at the ends intersect the edges adjacent to the bigger sides of the central part, are truncated to prevent the overlapping of the two ends when the central part is wound around the coil base.

Abstract: This detector comprises at least one bar of a ferromagnetic material about which are wound several turns of a conductive coaxial cable cut in its center into first and second portions, said portions being connected in such a way that the sheath or tube of the first portion is connected to the core of the second portion and the sheath or tube of the second portion is connected to the core of the first portion, each of the two free cable ends being used for measuring the output voltage of the detector.

Abstract: A multi-layer chip coil which comprises a stack of intermediate laminas of magnetizeable material having a through-hole defined therein so as to extend completely through the thickness thereof, first and second patterned electric conductors formed on the opposite surfaces of each of the intermediate laminas, respectively, and an electroconductive element extending through the through-hole so as to connect the first and second conductors together. The intermediate laminas are stacked one above the other with the first and second conductors in one intermediate lamina partially overlapping in contact with the second conductor in the neighboring intermediate lamina immediately thereabove and the first conductor in the neighboring intermediate lamina immediately therebelow, respectively, whereby the first and second conductors in all of the intermediate laminas, which are connected in series with each other through the respective conductive element, are connected in series with each other.

Abstract: A transformer has a number of single turn primary windings 5 formed by printed circuit tracks on a flexible bendable sheet 3 which is wrapped around a core of the transformer. The primary windings are connected to output terminals 12 of an enclosure 1 of the transformer by another printed circuit board 8 having further conductive tracks on opposite sides thereof to form balanced transmission lines whose impedance is matched to the impedance of the primary windings.

Abstract: A current sensor for measuring the DC component of a beam of charged particles employs a superconducting pick-up loop probe, with twisted superconducting leads in combination with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) detector. The pick-up probe is in the form of a single-turn loop, or a cylindrical toroid, through which the beam is directed and within which a first magnetic flux is excluded by the Meisner effect. The SQUID detector acts as a flux-to-voltage converter in providing a current to the pick-up loop so as to establish a second magnetic flux within the electrode which nulls out the first magnetic flux. A feedback voltage within the SQUID detector represents the beam current of the particles which transit the pick-up loop.

Abstract: An automotive ignition system transformer including a ferromagnetic core, a primary coil and a secondary coil. The secondary windings are wrapped on a tubular insulating winding form or bobbin with annular radial portions defining a plurality of annular coil chambers including a plurality of central chambers and at least one end chamber. The end chamber defines a spiral land that proceeds both axially toward the respective end and radially outward for three or more complete turns. The respective end turns of the coil are wrapped one turn of coil on each turn of the spiral land so that successive turns of the end portions of the secondary coil are both axially and radially spaced from one another sufficiently to minimize arcing.

Abstract: A magnetic coil, especially for use as an r.f. transmit/receive coil in NMR apparatus, comprises a continuous closed conductive loop would round a former 1. A pair of external terminals 2 and 3 both lie in a plane 4 constituting a plane of symmetry and the coil is would so that there is mirror symmetry about this plane. There are two electrically parallel paths between terminals 2 and 3 each restricted to one side of the plane of symmetry 4 and the resultant magnetic field when a potential difference is applied between terminals 2 and 3 is such that equal magnetic fields are produced on both sides of the plane of symmetry 4.

Abstract: An electric coil is printed onto a flexible sheet so that it can be bent into any desired shape to create a complex magnetic field. A flexible parallelogram substrate, having a two-coil pattern printed thereon, can be bent into a cylinder so that the coil pattern at the ends of the cylinder generate an axial magnetic field while the remainder of the coil pattern on the cylinder can generate a transverse field varying continuously through 90.degree..

Abstract: A current transformer is provided for the electronic trip unit of a molded case circuit breaker. The current transformer has a core with a winding encoiled about the core and a bus spiraled about the core. The spiral bus establishes a current path from one end of the bus to the other which will conduct current through the core in a spiral fashion. The spiral bus design effectively rotates the bus 90 degrees achieving a narrow transformer design which fits into the electronic trip unit without increasing the width of the trip unit.

Abstract: A sensor coil characterized by an elongated insulating substrate, which substrate is folded and formed into a cylindrical toroidal core having adjacent substrate sections disposed at acute angles to each other forming a star-like cross-section, a winding on at least one side of the substrate which winding includes transverse and longitudinal portions on each substrate section which transverse portions are parallel to the axis of a current conductor on which the coil is mounted.

Abstract: An electric element, utilizing a capacitive enclosure of a mobius strip and the spacial phenomenon thereof, to measure voltage and phase differences of input signals or to act as a filter to attenuate current flow of a resonant frequency and the harmonics of that frequency while passing intermediate frequencies.