Abstract: A laminated window for a vehicle, for example a windshield, has electrical conductors carried between the plastics interlayer and one of the glass sheets. An obscuration band is fired on to the margin of the inner surface of the outer glass sheet, which obscures from external view conductive strips near the edges of the window.

Abstract: A method of monitoring gases using electronic conductivity changes in ordd organic semiconductor films comprising an insulated substrate fabricated to an interdigital microelectrode and coated with a vapor sensitive semiconductor film. Variations in current flow caused by vapors interacting with the film are indicative of the vapor type.

Abstract: The lead wires extending from heating resistors to a driver IC for the heating resistors are arranged in the space under the driver IC. These lead wires are constructed in that they become narrower in wire width as approaching the driver IC so as to lie within the width of the driver IC, and the lead wires positioned under the driver IC are constructed in that they become broader in wire width as approaching the connecting terminals of the driver IC. Connection of the lead wires and the driver IC is carried out by the face-down bonding using Controlled Collapse Bonding.By providing the construction as mentioned above, a thermal print head of higher density and definition can be obtained.

Abstract: Precision high-voltage resistor comprising a plane substrate of insulating material (1) on which there has been deposited by silk-screening at least one resistive film (3) of approximately rectangular, square or similar shape and a conductive film in the form of two parallel strips (2a, 2b) extending along two opposite edges of the resistive film and constituting terminals electrically connected to one another by said resistive film, the resistive film comprising rectilinear cuts (5a to 5f) made in its thickness, down to the insulating substrate, parallel to said opposite edges from a third edge (6) of the resistive film, characterized in that the rectilinear cuts (5a to 5f) are evenly spaced along the third edge (6) and have lengths that are larger the closer they are to the center of the third edge (6), the ends opposite the third edge (6) of the rectilinear cuts defining from the intersections (8a, 8b) of the third edge (6) with the terminals (2a, 2 b) a contour (7; 9) exhibiting an apex in its center part

Abstract: A planar resistance heating element with positive temperature coefficient characteristics includes a resistive body layer formed of a crystalline resin containing electrically conductive particles and disposed between at least a pair of electrodes on an insulating substrate. A phenolic resin layer or a denatured phenolic resin layer with an elastomer resin added is disposed on the resistive body layer in covering relation to the entire surface thereof. An insulating protective film of resin may be disposed on the covering layer with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween, and an adhesive layer may be disposed on an outer surface of the insulating protective film for attachment to an object to be heated.

Abstract: A thick film resistance element is disclosed which is especially suited for use on hybrid circuit subassemblies, which resistance element includes both coarse and fine adjustment, such as by laser beam trimming operation. The resistance element includes a first segment having a given resistance value per unit area and a second segment abutting the first segment along one edge thereof. The second segment includes a resistance material with a differing resistance value per unit area than exhibited by such first segment. In the trimming operation, a laser beam cuts a longitudinal slot in the segment with the higher resistance point below the desired value. The laser beam then cuts a similar longitudinal slot in the other segment to a point where the desired resistance value is obtained.

Abstract: A thermal head which comprises an electrically insulating substrate, a glaze layer laid thereon, a heating resistor layer laid on the glaze layer, a plurality of first layer conductors laid on the heating resistor layer and provided at predetermined distances, a protective film laid on the heating resistor layer, and a plurality of second layer conductors counterposed to the first layer conductors and laid on the first layer conductors through an interlayer insulating film, where the interlayer insulating layer is in a two layer structure of an inorganic insulating material layer having a compressive stress and an organic insulating material layer, and the organic insulating material layer is positioned on the second layer conductor side. The thermal head as structured above is free from a problem of crack formation on the interlayer insulating layer, causing a short circuit and free from a problem of discontinuation of the second layer conductors.

Abstract: A wear-resistant thermal printhead employs a wearplate deposited atop the printhead substrate adjacent the resistive print element as a hard shield to impacting tickets and abrasive material propelled across the printhead. The wearplate comprises a layer of thick film glass doped with a suitably hard material such as zirconia, alumina, or diamonds. Printhead position is adjusted so that the wearplate is impacted instead of the print element and conductive traces carrying current to the print element are routed out of the way along the backside of the substrate opposite the side subject to abrasion.

Abstract: The invention is directed primarily to a method of doping tin oxide with Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 and/or Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 using pyrochlore-related compounds derived from the system SnO--SnO.sub.2 --Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 --Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 for use in thick film resistor compositions. The invention is also directed to thick film resistors containing the above-described pyrochlore-related compounds and to various compositions and methods for making such thick film resistors.

Abstract: An improved thick film resistor is disclosed which is comprised of a substrate, a resistor body comprised of a plurality of overlying layers of a resistor material, and a pair of spaced apart terminals each of which has a primary contact portion and a plurality of spaced apart secondary contact portions. The secondary contact portions are interleaved between the layers of resistor material and extend partially into the resistor body and are in electrical and heat transferring contact with the respective primary contact portions of each terminal. The novel thick film resistor is compact in its dimensions and is capable of dissipating substantially large amounts of heat and providing lower current densities than conventional thick film resistors.

Abstract: A heat radiating sheet body comprising a ceramic sheet, a carbon particle layer formed on the ceramic sheet and a pair of electrodes formed on the carbon particle layer, the ceramic sheet being formed in a thickness of 0.05.about.1 mm by paper-making of ceramic fiber, the carbon particle layer being formed by coating by a screen printing utilizing a printing medium comprising a mixture of carbon particle and a dispersing medium.

Abstract: Improved thin film resistors and electrical devices and circuits with thin film resistors are fabricated utilizing a chromium, silicon, and nitrogen compound formed preferably by rf reactive sputtering of chromium and silicon in a nitrogen bearing atmosphere. An annealing step is used to produce time-stable resistance values and in combination with variations in the partial pressure of nitrogen during sputter deposition to control the temperature coefficient of resistivity to have positive, negative or zero values.

Abstract: A thermal ceramic head chip (1) having plural heating elements (2) and a connecting portion (5) and held on a head base (10) and a folded flexible printed circuit sheet (3) having an external lead portion (4) on its outside face, the wiring conductors on the flexible printed circuit sheet (3) is connected to the connecting portion (5). At the former's connecting opening disposed on the inside face of the former, and the flexible printed circuit sheet (3) with a dew sensor gap (13) for electrical detection of dew if any.

Abstract: A coated layer type resistor device having a first resistor element and a second resistor element. The ratio between the resistances of the first and second resistor elements is selected to be greater than a predetermined ratio. The first resistor element is formed on an insulator substrate and consists of a resistor layer and end conductor electrodes at the ends of the resistor layer, while the second resistor element is formed on the substrate and consists of a resistor layer, end conductor electrodes, and a plurality of intermediate conductors. The distance between adjacent ones of the intermediate conductors and the distance between one of the end conductor electrodes and the adjacent intermediate conductor in the second resistor element is equal to the distance between the end conductor electrodes in the first resistor element, so that the temperature coefficient property of the resistance is equal in both the first and second resistor elements.

Abstract: A process for making a homogeneous metal oxide varistor powder is described. The ingredients desired in a varistor which are water and acid soluble and dissolved in water and acid respectfully to make a solution. The remaining ingredients which are water and acid insoluble are then suspended in the solution to make a homogeneous slurry. The slurry is dried, calcined, reslurried, dried, pressed and sintered. The sintered body has electrical leads attached then encapsulated in an epoxy resin to make an encapsulated varistor package.

Abstract: An electrical film resistor. The film resistor includes a substrate, resistive film, and first and second terminals. The first terminal includes a first electrode. The second terminal includes second and third electrodes. The second electrode is close to the first electrode, and the third electrode is spaced apart from the first electrode. Moreover, the second and third electrodes are electrically interconnected. A kerf may be cut in the resistive material to increase the resistance between the two terminals and eventually substantially electrically isolate the second electrode from the first terminal. Thereafter, kerfs may be cut in the resistive material between first and third electrodes to further increase the resistance between the two terminals.

Abstract: The invention is directed primarily to a method of doping tin oxide with Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 and/or Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 using pyrochlore-related compounds derived from the system SnO-SnO.sub.2 -Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 -Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 for use in thick film resistor compositions. The invention is also directed to thick film resistors containing the above-described pyrochlore-related compounds and to various compositions and methods for making such thick film resistors.

Abstract: Thick film resistor composition which is a dispersion of (a) a conductive phase of a nonprecious metal pyrochlore and SnO.sub.2, (b) inorganic binder and (c) CoCrO.sub.4 and/or NiCrO.sub.4 in (d) organic medium. The metal chromate functions as a TCR driver.

Abstract: A thermal printing head has a plurality of heating resistors formed on an insulating substrate with spaces of a predetermined width being provided between adjacent resistors. In another embodiment, these spaces are filled with intermediate layers of a material such as glass.With this structure, temperature distribution produced by the heating resistors becomes substantially flat, whereby the power consumption of the thermal printing head can be reduced, and the thermal efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: An electrically heated windshield of generally trapezoidal shape has been bus bars of uniform conductivity throughout their length extending in line contact with the upper and lower edges of a continuous uniformly thick trapezoidal-shaped electrically conductive coating provided on the windshield surface for deicing and defrosting the windshield. The line of contact of the upper bus bar with the conductive coating has a length generally equal to the entire effective length of the upper edge of the conductive coating. The lower bus bar is symetrically located along the lower edge of the conductive coating and has a line of contact length equal to the sum of the length of the upper bus bar plus generally about one-half the difference between the entire effective length of the lower edge of the conductive coating minus the length of the line of contact of the upper bus bar.

Abstract: A sheet heater including a substrate, a semi-conductor pattern (typically of colloidal graphite) having a pair of parallel, spaced-apart, longitudinally-extending stripes and a central portion extending between and electrically connected to the stripes, and a pair of parallel, spaced-apart, longitudinally-extending conductors one of which overlies and engages each of the stripes. Each conductor is significantly wider than the underlying stripe of the semi-conductor pattern, and includes a longitudinally extending strip portions along the inner and outer edges of the conductor, and a plurality of longitudinally-spaced openings located therebetween. The strip portion at the inner edge of the conductor overlies and engages a respective stripe; and a sealing layer of insulating material overlies the respective conductor and is sealed to the substrate along the inner and outer edges of the conductor and through the longitudinally spaced openings.

Abstract: A solid-body heating unit used for the warmth preservation, heating and heat treatment, more particularly, for surface heater for plates or patterns, has a refractory base overlaid with an electroconductive layer, a protective layer overlaying the electroconductive layer and a power supply for passing electric current through the electroconductive layer, whereby the surface temperature of the plates or patterns is controllable.

Abstract: A fuse is disclosed for protecting thick film devices. The fuse comprises two blocks of material mounted to the substrate that carries the thick film device. The blocks are mounted in close proximity to one another, in axial alignment, but in a spaced apart relationship. An electrically conductive fusible link (e.g. solder) straddles the two blocks so as to complete an electric circuit.

Abstract: A chip resistor provided with a thin-film resistor has lateral electrodes formed at both sides of the substrate of the chip resistor. The lateral electrodes are formed by printing and firing conductive paste of a silver resin, not by thin-film technology. Electrode layers are formed on the lateral electrodes and on the thin-film electrode by plating. The chip resistor is thus constructed so as to be readily connectable to a motherboard by dip soldering or reflow soldering.

Abstract: An input device for use in a display unit serving as a terminal of a computer has first and second insulating sheets and an insulating spacer sandwiched between the first and second sheets. The first sheet has first terminal leads on its both ends, while the second sheet has second terminal leads which extend in perpendicular relation to the first terminal leads. The upper surface is covered with a flexible, insulating, protective sheet. The spacer includes lattice-like conductors and consists of a material having cells of gas and elasticity and flexibility such as silicone foam. A fixed voltage is alternately applied across both ends of the first sheet and across both ends of the second sheet. When the protective sheet is depressed at a point P as by a depression pen, the position of the point is measured and represented by means of X- and Y-coordinates.

Abstract: A thick film resistor includes a ceramic substrate 10, a pair of spaced apart electrical connections 30 affixed to the substrate 10, a region of electrically resistive material 21 coated onto the ceramic 10 and not in contact with either of the electrical connections 30, the electrically resistive material adapted to be trimmed 25 and 26 along an edge to thereby lower its resistance, and a pair of spaced apart strips of electrically conductive material 12 and 14 formed on the substrate 10 in electrical contact with the resistive material 21 and extending to a respective one of the pair of connectors 30, the strips 12 and 14 being substantially parallel where in contact with resistive material 21 except at ends of the strips 13 and 15 opposite the location to be trimmed 25. The invention places highest electric field concentrations away from the edge to be trimmed.

Abstract: A resistor sheet input tablet comprising two rectangular resistor sheets each provided at two opposite edges thereof with electrodes, the rectangular resistor sheets being superposed such that the electrodes on one of the resistor sheets lie perpendicularly to those on the other resistor sheets, wherein the resistor sheets have a two resistor layer construction comprising (a) a main resistor layer consisting of a thin metal film deposited thereon which in turn is bonded to (b) an electrically insulating layer and (c) a protective resistor layer formed on the surface of the main resistor layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal printhead made of an insulating substrate, and a heat generating resistor layer formed on the substrate, and wherein the heat generating resistor layer is supplied with electric current. The heat generating resistor layer is made of Cr-Si-SiO alloy, and with the Cr, Si and SiO contents falling within a region defined by points A, B, C and D in a triangular diagram, where the points A, B, C and D are determined as follows:______________________________________ Cr (mol %) (Si (mol %) SiO (mol %) ______________________________________ A 79.4 2.1 18.5 B 58.6 40.9 0.5 C 10.1 89.4 0.5 D 24.4 3.7 71.9.

Abstract: A composition for the preparation of thick film resistors comprising an admixture of finely divided particles of a conductive metal hexaboride and a crystallizable glass frit which is irreducible by the metal hexaboride containing at least 5 mole % of Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 which is reducible by the metal hexaboride under normal firing conditions.

Abstract: A novel construction for a thick film resistor is disclosed. A substrate has a first face deposited with a layer of resistive material. Between the substrate and this first layer is located a strip of conductive material. The strip of material is oriented at approximately right angles to the current path through the first layer, midway along the current path. A second layer of resistive material is located on a second face, parallel to the first face, and the first and second layers are connected electrically in series such that the current path through the second layer is orthogonal to the current path through the first layer.

Abstract: An electric potentiometer is proposed which serves to convert a mechanical movement into an electrical value. The potentiometer includes a pickup embodied as a wiper and a resistor pad which has a plurality of connections for parallel resistors distributed over the displacement range of the pickup and serving as support points. With these parallel resistors, the partial resistance established by the pickup can be varied to a predetermined course. The support points extend crosswise to the contact track of the pickup on the resistor pad and are embodied as only so long that they terminate before reaching the contact track.

Abstract: A resistance paste for the manufacture of a resistor body, for example, by silk-screening and the resistance body manufactured herewith, which paste comprises a mixture of Pb.sub.2 Rh.sub.x Ru.sub.2-x O.sub.7-y, a permanent binder and a temporary firable binder. In the formula 0.15.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.95 and 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1/2. The resulting resistor body in the temperature range from -55.degree. to +150.degree. C. has a temperature coefficient of the resistance between -10.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C. and +10.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C. and is very stable. The resistance variation during the life of the resistor is smaller than .+-.0.5%.

Abstract: An electrical resistor and method of making the same is disclosed wherein a ceramic substrate is coated with a relatively rough dielectric film which is subsequently coated with a thin metal film such as nichrome.

Abstract: A part for a slide variable resistor provided on an insulated support thereof with a film resistive layer adapted for a slide terminal to be slid along the surface thereof, which part is characterized in that said film resistive layer comprises a main resistive layer pattern bound to the insulated support and a protective resistive layer pattern coated on said main resistive layer pattern, wherein the protective resistive layer pattern has a larger sheet resistivity than said main resistive layer pattern.

Abstract: A method for forming a thermal printing head comprising a base of electrically insulating material, a glaze layer formed on said base so as to form an elongated projection thereon, said glaze layer comprising a main portion and a portion integral with and extending from said main portion, at least one thermal printing element formed on said main portion of said glaze layer, and an area formed in said extending portion of said glaze layer to relieve said glaze layer of surface tension when glaze is sintered and then cooled to form said glaze layer on said base.

Abstract: Electric resistor, including a PTC body being formed of ceramic material and having opposite poles, two opposite outer side surfaces being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the PTC body and two opposite end faces perpendicular to the outer side surfaces, the PTC body having rows of mutually parallel depressions formed in the end faces defining inner surfaces and leaving partitions therebetween, metal coatings disposed on the inner surfaces at the opposite poles and partitions, metal layers disposed on the outer side surfaces, and metal strips being disposed on the end faces interleaved in comb-fashion and being connected to the metal layers, defining current flow paths from the metal layers and metal strips through the partitions being perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the depressions and electrically connecting the pole coatings of a respective row of depressions to each other, and a method for the manufacture thereof.

Abstract: An array of electrically interconnected spaced electrical components on an apertured substrate wafer, each component being connected to terminal conductor pads on one surface of the substrate and to terminal conductor pads on the opposite surface of the substrate by thick film conductor strips which extend along the walls of the apertures is disclosed.

Abstract: A thin film bar resistor comprises: an insulative substrate, a pair of conductive thin film resistor terminals spaced apart on the substrate, an approximately square thin film resistance body disposed on the substrate between the terminals to be separated from them by guard margins, the body consisting of lower and upper layers of unanodized and anodized tantalum nitride, thin film regions of unanodized tantalum nitride in the guard margins to connect such body to the terminals, and thin film conductive leads connected to the terminals.

Abstract: A moisture sensor comprises a moisture-sensitive layer formed from the oxide of highly resistive porous low density tantalum on a moisture-insensitive substrate. Between the substrate and the moisture-sensitive tantalum oxide layer there is a base electrode of an anodically oxidizable metal, preferably tantalum, of a density higher than the density of the low density tantalum from which the tantalum oxide layer is formed. A covering electrode partially covering the tantalum oxide layer has windows through which the water vapor containing medium can penetrate into the moisture-sensitive tantalum oxide layer. The inactive regions of the tantalum oxide layer disposed below the windows are removed to increase the rate of response.

Abstract: A thermal printing head comprising a base of electrically insulating material, a glaze layer formed on said base so as to form an elongated projection thereon, said glaze layer comprising a main portion and a portion integral with and extending from said main portion, at least one thermal printing element formed on said main portion of said glaze layer, and an area formed in said extending portion of said glaze layer to relieve said glaze layer of surface tension when glaze is sintered and then cooled to form said glaze layer on said base.

Abstract: A new group of bulk polycrystalline materials which are capable of exhibiting, selectively, either memory switching or threshold switching. The body of the material, which can be molded into a suitable ceramic resistor configuration with ohmic electrodes and a sintered body composition, comprises as a majority proportion zinc oxide with the balance being another polycrystalline inorganic oxide such as bismuth oxide, cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, antimony oxide, praseodymium oxide, lanthanum oxide, holmium oxide and manganese oxide, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A heat generating element particularly well suited for use in an electrical space heater and method of making same include an electrically nonconductive substrate on which is coated a layer of an electrically nonconductive ceramic material having finely divided, micron size metallic particles dispersed therein. A path of electrical conductivity is established in the otherwise nonconductive ceramic material by burnishing the surface of the ceramic material between two separated points. Thus, as electrical current flows along the burnished path, heat will be generated due to the electrical resistance thereof.

Abstract: A semiconductor resistor device comprising a resistor region diffused in the surface area of a semiconductor substrate, resistor electrodes respectively ohmically contacted to the surface of the resistor region, and a protective layer coated on the surfaces of the resistor electrodes. A trimming electrode is provided which is ohmically contacted to the surface of the resistor region to alloy with the resistor and a hole is formed in that portion of the protective layer which faces the trimming electrode. Where laser pulses are emitted to the trimming electrode through the hole, the trimming electrode is alloyed with the resistor region to reduce the resistance of the resistor region.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated resistor formed in an epitaxial layer and provided with at least one tap. In order to reduce field effect action between the resistor and the epitaxial layer, the voltage on the two ends of the epitaxial layer underneath the resistor tracks the voltage on the two ends of the resistor. Moreover, the epitaxial layer is short-circuited by means of buried layers at the locations where the resistance layer also exhibits a short-circuit, such as underneath the contact area of the tap.

Abstract: Methods for adjusting the resistance of temperature measuring sensors are disclosed, including measuring the resistance for a first heat-sensitive portion of the sensor at a first predetermined temperature, measuring the resistance for a second heat-sensitive portion of the temperature measuring sensor at a second predetermined temperature, determining the overall resistance for the temperature measuring sensor from these measured values, and adjusting the resistance of the second heat-sensitive portion so that the overall resistance for the temperature measuring sensor substantially corresponds to the predetermined resistance value.

Abstract: A thermal printing head comprising a base of electrically insulating material, a glaze layer formed on said base so as to form an elongated projection thereon, said glaze layer comprising a main portion and a portion integral with and extending from said main portion, at least one thermal printing element formed on said main portion of said glaze layer, and an area formed in said extending portion of said glaze layer to relieve said glaze layer of surface tension when glaze is sintered and then cooled to form said glaze layer on said base.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of non-linear resistors (varistors) from thick-layer ceramic material, in particular on a hybrid circuit substrate, or any other device requiring that a predetermined temperature should not be exceeded during its manufacture.According to the invention, after crushing a ceramic material in order to obtain a very fine powder of varistor material, a powder is produced of conductive or semiconductive material able to assume the pasty state at a temperature lower than 850.degree. C. and a binder is incorporated therein to obtain a screen printing paste. The layer deposited by screen printing on a substrate such as glass, is dried and then heat treated so as to assure cohesion of the layer. This layer is either inserted between a previously deposited electrode and another electrode, or covered by two separate electrodes. The invention is particularly applicable to matrix access display screens.

Abstract: Electrodes (18) are positioned in intimate contact with an outer surface of a thin electrically-insulating protecting layer (16) of architectural reflective glass (20). Application of a voltage of sufficient magnitude substantially destroys the insulating layer (16) located beneath the electrodes (18). A subsequent application of voltage results in a passage of current through the underlying thin, light-reflective metal or metal oxide layer (14) and in concomitant output of heat.

Abstract: A monolithic capacitor chip having improved conductive terminations. The capacitor comprises a conventional body formed of stacked, alternately arranged layers of dielectric material and metallic electrode material, alternate electrodes extending to opposite endfaces of the body, and a noncompliant metalized layer on each of the opposite endfaces electrically contacting the electrodes extending thereto. In accordance with this invention each of the noncompliant metalized layers is provided with a compliant coating of an alloy preferably comprising more than 90% lead. A metallic layer is disposed over the surface of each of the compliant coatings, the melting point of the metallic layers being greater than that of the compliant coating. The metallic layer preferably consists of a layer of copper or nickel plating, the surface of which is plated with an oxidation resistant metal such as tin, gold, or the like.

Abstract: An electrically heated glass pane includes a plurality of heating conductors (2) comprising a family of parallel conductors extending between a pair of power supply conductors (3) both disposed on and burnt-in a surface of a glass pane (1). A strip (4), of non-conductive material, covers conductors (3) and extends laterally from the edges of the conductors. The conductors (2) merge into the conductors (3) at a transitional region (7) broadened by an increasing flare so that the cross section of the region, determining the electrical resistance, is greater than the cross section of the conductors (2) providing resistive heating. A layer (12) which covers the same area as the strip (4) may be disposed below each conductor (3), directly on the surface of the glass pane (1). An opening (16) is recessed in layer (12), so that the conductors (3) are connected directly with the surface of glass pane (1).