Abstract: A vision system of a vehicle includes a camera having a lens and a two dimensional imaging array sensor. The camera is disposed at a side of a body of a vehicle and has a field of view exterior of the vehicle and at least rearward of the vehicle. The camera captures image data. The imaging array sensor has a center region. The lens is configured to focus light at the imaging array sensor, and the lens has a center axis. The lens is disposed at the imaging array sensor with the center axis of the lens laterally offset from the center region of the imaging array sensor. A video display is disposed in the vehicle and is viewable by a driver of the vehicle when the driver is normally operating the vehicle. The video display is operable to display video images derived from image data captured by the camera.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a driving behavior of a following vehicle that follows an autonomous driving vehicle is perceived by the ADV. A distance between the ADV and the following vehicle is determined based on the perceived driving behavior of the following vehicle. The ADV determines whether the distance is shorter than a predetermined threshold. In response to determining that the distance between the ADV and the following vehicle is shorter than the predetermined threshold, one or more brake lights of the ADV are turned on without issuing a brake command to slow down the ADV. The brake lights may flash according to a predetermined pattern. The turned-on or flashed brake lights may signal the driver of the following vehicle to slow down, as it provides an impression to the driver of the following vehicle that the ADV is about to slow down.

Abstract: A warning system for a working machine including a movable load unit arrangement is disclosed. The warning system includes an illumination arrangement arranged to illuminate an area externally of the working machine and a load unit position prediction means arranged to determine a position of the load unit arrangement at a future point in time. The illumination arrangement is arranged to illuminate the area on the basis of the determined future position of the load unit arrangement.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus (1), for the contactless determination of a temperature (T) of an object (100), e.g., of a human, has an infrared camera (10) with a focus (11). A calibrating device (30) is connected to the infrared camera (10) via a data link. The calibrating device (30) has an outer shell (31) with an emissivity on the outside similar to that of the object (100). A temperature sensor (34) is arranged in the outer shell (31). Moreover, a method for contactless determination of a temperature (T) of an object (100) with the measuring apparatus (1) as well as a method for the operation of the measuring apparatus are provided.

Abstract: An obstacle detecting and notifying device according to an embodiment is to be installed in a vehicle, to issue an alarm upon detecting a moving obstacle. The device includes a moving-obstacle detector that detects a moving obstacle in a given monitoring area; a first calculator that calculates an expected moving route of the moving obstacle; a second calculator that calculates an expected moving route of the vehicle; a setter that sets an alarm area in the monitoring area in accordance with the expected moving route of the vehicle, the alarm area in which the alarm is to be issued; an excluder that excludes, from alarming moving obstacles, the moving obstacle unlikely to reach the alarm area, in accordance with the expected moving route of the moving obstacle and the expected moving route of the vehicle; and an alarm that issues an alarm against the alarming moving obstacles.

Abstract: A rear-facing camera of an electronic mirror device acquires a rear image of an area to the rear of a vehicle, and a left rear-side facing camera and a right rear-side facing camera acquire rear side-images of areas to the rearward sides of the vehicle. An electronic mirror ECU then creates a normal synthesized image by synthesizing the rear image acquired by the rear-facing camera with the rear side-images acquired by the rear-side facing cameras, and then displays the normal synthesized image on a display unit. Additionally, the electronic mirror ECU creates a blind spot priority synthesized image in which the rear side-image that contains an image area corresponding to the object is superimposed onto the rear image, and switches the image displayed on the display unit to this blind spot priority synthesized image.

Abstract: A driving assistance device includes: an information receiver configured to receive information required for estimation of an other vehicle predicted route which is a predicted traveling route of another vehicle, from the other vehicle through wireless communication; and an electronic control unit configured to acquire a host vehicle predicted route which is a predicted travel route of a host vehicle, acquire the other vehicle predicted route; provide a warning to a driver of the host vehicle when the host vehicle predicted route and the other vehicle predicted route intersect each other, and prohibit the electronic control unit from providing the warning when determining that a predetermined parking lot traveling condition is satisfied, the predetermined parking lot traveling condition being a condition that is satisfied when the electronic control unit determines that the host vehicle is likely to be traveling in a parking lot.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure may include one or more object detection devices. The object detection devices may include at least one distance sensor such as a radar, lidar, or other distance sensor and at least one thermal sensor such as a thermal imaging device. One or more object detection devices may be mounted to vehicles to provide enhanced representations of an area around the vehicles.

Abstract: A surveillance system is provided that includes an image capture device configured to capture a video sequence of a target area that includes objects and is formed from a set of image frames. The system further includes a processor configured to apply a C3D to the image frames to obtain therefor (i) intermediate feature representations across L convolutional layers and (ii) top-layer features. The processor is further configured to produce a first word of a caption for the sequence by applying the top-layer features to a LSTM. The processor is further configured to produce subsequent words of the caption by (i) dynamically performing spatiotemporal attention and layer attention using the intermediate feature representations to form a context vector, and (ii) applying the LSTM to the context vector, a previous word of the caption, and a hidden state of the LSTM. The system includes a display device for displaying the caption.

Abstract: A real time vehicle camera system is provided that can video image, record and display an area around a vehicle in response to activation of turn signals or backup lights to assist in preventing accidents with other vehicles or pedestrians. The vehicle camera system includes an array of video cameras positioned at various locations around the vehicle and a video input/output system that receives and records video images generated by the array of video cameras and displays them on a monitor for observation by a driver of the vehicle or at a remote location. The vehicle camera system also includes a control system which supplies power and a timed activation signal to the array of cameras and the video input/output system. The control system may additionally include a wireless communications terminal and a remote disabling device connected to the wireless communications terminal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling motion of a vehicle. Sensor data is obtained, representing an environment of the vehicle. A reference control trajectory is corrected, using one or more virtual forces, to provide a desired trajectory. The one or more virtual forces are generated by applying an impedance scheme to the sensor data. A desired trajectory is outputted for controlling the vehicle.

Abstract: A system for object recognition in an autonomous vehicle includes non-transitory memory storage for storing instructions and an image feature database. One or more processors are in communication with the memory. The one or more processors execute the instructions to download a road object database associated with routes between a departure point and a destination. Sensor data is received from a plurality of sensors of the autonomous vehicle and compared to data in the road object database. If the sensor data is not found in the road object database, the sensor data is compared to data in the image feature database. If the sensor data is not found in the image feature database, it is transmitted over a wireless channel to an Internet-coupled database. The sensor data is interpreted based on at least one of the road object database, the image feature database, or the Internet-coupled database.

Abstract: A display device for a vehicle, and including a camera configured to acquire an image around the vehicle; a display unit configured to display a graphic image on a windshield of the vehicle; and a processor configured to detect at least one object included in the acquired image viewed by a driver of the vehicle, determine information of the detected object comprising a position and size of an area of the windshield in which the object is viewed, and a type of the object, and control the display unit to display the graphic image on an area of the windshield based on the determined information of the object.

Abstract: A method for assisting a driver of an ego-vehicle in making use of a gap between vehicles to enter a traffic flow at an intersection is suggested, comprising the following method steps: First, other vehicles in the environment of the ego-vehicle are physically sensed using at least one environment sensor mounted on the ego-vehicle. Second, a gap size of at least one gap between two successive vehicles are calculated in a processor based on the sensor's/sensors' output. An ego-vehicle driver's gazing behavior using at least one driver sensor mounted on the ego-vehicle is observed and analyzed and an assistance signal is generated based on the result of the analysis and the determined size of the at least one gap. Finally, a recommendation or warning perceivable for the ego-vehicle's driver is output in accordance with the assistance signal.

Abstract: Embodiments are described of an apparatus including a computer with a user interface. One or more door clearance detection (DCD) sensors are communicatively coupled to the computer and adapted to be mounted to an exterior of a vehicle door. Each vehicle door has a door impact zone such that an object in the impact zone would be struck by the door if opened, and each DCD sensor has a field of view and a range that establish a detection zone within which the DCD sensor can collect data. Each detection zone includes at least the corresponding door impact zone. Logic stored in the memory or storage includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to receive data from the one or more DCD sensors; determine whether there are objects in the corresponding door impact zone; and warn vehicle occupants if there are objects in the impact zones.

Abstract: An apparatus for assisting driving of a vehicle includes a camera mounted to the vehicle for viewing an area in front of the vehicle, a radar sensor mounted to the vehicle to sense around the vehicle, and a controller connected to the camera and/or the radar sensor to detect obstacles and perform collision avoidance control. The controller is further configured to recognize a first obstacle approaching in a lateral direction from an outside of a driving lane of the vehicle, generate and store a collision avoidance path for avoiding collision with the first obstacle, recognize a third obstacle passing behind a second obstacle in the lateral direction after the recognition of the first obstacle is interrupted by the second obstacle, and perform collision avoidance control of the vehicle based on a similarity between the first obstacle and the third obstacle and based on the stored collision avoidance path.

Abstract: In a collision avoidance control device for a vehicle according to an embodiment, for example, when receiving a brake request from a driver while a brake device is given an operational instruction corresponding to a third deceleration, a brake controller controls at least the brake device to decelerate the vehicle at a deceleration calculated by adding the third deceleration and a fourth deceleration corresponding to the brake request.

Abstract: A vehicle, a driving assistance system and a driving assistance method thereof are provided. The driving assistance system includes: an alarm module arranged on a windshield wiper and configured to present prompt information; an acquisition module configured to acquire a first image including a target outside a vehicle viewed at a first position and a second image including the alarm module viewed at the first position, the first position being a position where eyes of a driver are located; and a control module configured to determine an overlapping region between a region of the second image occupied by the alarm module and a region of the first image occupied by the target, and control the alarm module to present the prompt information about the overlapping region.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an intelligent traffic safety pre-warning method, a cloud server, onboard-terminals and a system. The method comprises: a step (101): the onboard-terminal establishes a communication connection with the cloud server; a step (102): the onboard-terminal acquires data, and uploads data calculated based on the acquired data to the cloud server; a step (103): the onboard-terminal receives feedbacks from the cloud server, the feedback comprising the probability that the current vehicle has an accident within a set range of the current road segment; and a step (104): the onboard-terminal receives the probability that the current vehicle has an accident within the set range of the current road segment, and then transmits the feedback to the driver by human-computer interaction.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an information processing apparatus includes a memory and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to acquire three-dimensional position information of a detection point, acquire target surface shape information indicating a shape of a target surface, and calculate state information of an object according to a first distance of the detection point from the target surface on the basis of the three-dimensional position information and the target surface shape information.

Abstract: Presented herein are techniques for updating detailed maps used to navigate an autonomous vehicle. The techniques include determining that a vehicle has come within a predetermined range of a road side unit, establishing a communication link with the vehicle, receiving, from the vehicle, data sufficient to identify a vehicle type of the vehicle, based on the vehicle type, selecting a map, stored by the road side unit, for the vehicle, sending a query to a neighbor road side unit seeking data to augment the map, in response to the query, receiving the data to augment the map from the neighbor road side unit, updating the map based on the data to augment the map to obtain an updated map, and sending at least a aspects of the updated map to the vehicle.

Abstract: A system provides haptic feedback based on media content. The system processes the media content into components including a first component and a second component. The system further determines a first priority value related to the first component and a second priority value related to the second component. The system further compares the first priority value with the second priority value. The system further generates a first control signal and a second control signal based on the comparison, where the first control signal is configured to cause a first haptic feedback to be output and the second control signal is configured to cause a second haptic feedback to be output that is the same or different than the first haptic feedback.

Abstract: A method of generating a vehicle environment view for a vehicle, having has the following steps. Camera images are provided by vehicle cameras on the body of the vehicle. A vehicle environment view is calculated based on the camera images. A texture of a ground surface that is located below the vehicle body and is not visible to the cameras, is determined within the vehicle environment view by performing a local color prediction and a movement-compensated texture prediction.

Abstract: A camera monitoring system includes a first camera configured to capture an image of an area including a predetermined area on the left side of a vehicle, a second camera configured to capture an image of an area including a predetermined area on the right side of the vehicle and a third camera configured to capture an image of an area including a predetermined area behind the vehicle. The camera monitoring system further includes a monitor configured to display a composite image including a first captured image captured by the first camera, a second captured image captured by the second camera and a third captured image captured by the third camera and an image processor configured to control a layout of the composite image, and change the layout according to at least either the moving body information or the environmental information.

Abstract: An apparatus configured for determining an intention to cut in in a vehicle may include a navigation module, a camera, a radar configured to obtain data about an external vehicle, a sensor configured to obtain data about behavior of the vehicle, and a processor configured to be electrically connected to the navigation module, the camera, the radar, and the sensor, wherein the processor is configured to obtain information associated with at least a portion of a road environment, traffic, or road curvature based on data obtained using at least a portion of the navigation module, the camera, the radar, or the sensor and adjust a parameter for determining an intention for a surrounding vehicle which is traveling in a second lane adjacent to a first lane where the vehicle is traveling to cut in, based on the obtained information.

Abstract: A method for determining that a received signal is crosstalk. The method includes receiving, from a time-of-flight sensor of a device, a distance and a plurality signal intensity values. The method further includes determining, by the device, whether the distance is less than a near-field threshold. The method further includes, in response to determining that the distance is less than the near-field threshold, determining whether the distance is associated with crosstalk based, at least in part, on the plurality of signal intensity values. The method further includes, in response to determining that the distance is associated with crosstalk, indicating that the distance is associated with crosstalk.

Abstract: An autonomous driving control apparatus that informs the driver of a departure of a front vehicle may include a front vehicle recognition device configured to recognize behavior information related to a front vehicle, a driver monitoring device configured to detect whether a driver is gazing at a front side thereof, and a processor configured to determine a time point of notification of a departure of the front vehicle in consideration of whether the driver is gazing at the front side thereof and the behavior of the front vehicle when recognizing the departure of the front vehicle through the front vehicle recognition device while a host vehicle and the front vehicle are stopped.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing vehicular environment information, includes acquiring with at least one sensor vehicular environment data that is external to a vehicle. The at least one sensor comprises at least one camera, and the vehicular environment data comprises image data. The vehicular environment data is provided to a processing unit. The processing unit determines vehicular environment information. The determination of the vehicular environment information comprises use of the vehicular environment data. At least part of the image data is displayed on a display monitor on the basis of the vehicular environment information. The processing unit causes the display monitor to display the at least part of the image data.

Abstract: A device for lateral guidance assistance for a vehicle includes a programmable electronic control unit and a plurality of distance sensors configured to capture obstacles to a side of and/or behind the vehicle within one or more defined warning regions. The device also includes an optical sensor device configured to capture lane markings and/or a lane width of a current lane of the vehicle and/or of a neighboring lane of the vehicle. The programmable electronic control unit is configured such that at least one of the defined warning regions is shifted based on a detected lane change to a new lane.

Abstract: A forward sensing system for a vehicle includes a radar sensor and a forward facing image sensor disposed within a windshield electronics module that is removably installed within the vehicle cabin at an upper region of the vehicle windshield and that is removable therefrom as a self-contained unit for service or replacement. A control is responsive to an output of the radar sensor and responsive to an output of the image sensor. Responsive to the image sensor viewing an object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle and/or responsive to the radar sensor sensing the object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle, the control enhances interrogation of an area in front of the vehicle at which the object is present to determine if the object is an object of interest causing a potentially hazardous condition.

Abstract: Digital mirror systems for vehicles and methods of operating the same are disclosed. An example vehicle control system includes: a driver monitoring system including a head position determiner to determine at least one of a location of a head, an orientation of the head, or an eye gaze point of the head; a digital mirror system including a region-of-interest (ROI) detector to identify an ROI based on the at least one of the location of the head, the orientation of the head, or the eye gaze point of the head, and a cropper to extract a portion of a first image corresponding to the ROI to form a second image, the first image representing an area exterior to the vehicle; and a display within an interior area of the vehicle to present the second image.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a vehicle safety system in a vehicle provided with a current collector arranged to transmit electric power from a current conductor in the surface of a road. The current collector is controllable for vertical and transverse displacement relative to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle to contact and track the current conductor. The method involves performing the steps of detecting that an obstacle is located in the path of the current collector; transmitting data from the forward looking data collecting system to the electronic control unit; performing an object classification to determine a damage level for the dynamic charging system; determining an action to be taken by the safety system based on the determined damage level; and initiating the action in dependence of at least the determined damage level.

Abstract: Systems and methods relate to, inter alia, calculating a collision risk index for an area based upon historical traffic data. The systems and methods may further generate a notification to automatically engage or disengage an autonomous, or semi-autonomous, vehicle control feature in a vehicle based upon the collision risk index for the area. The systems and methods may further transmit the notification to a device of the vehicle to facilitate automatically engaging or disengaging an autonomous, or semi-autonomous, vehicle control feature in the vehicle as the vehicle approaches the area. As a result, vehicle collisions may be reduced, and vehicle safety enhanced.

Abstract: An object detection apparatus includes a radar-region-setting-unit setting a detection region of an object as a radar search region based on a detected position of the object detected by a radar, an image-region-setting-unit setting the detection region of the object as an image search region based on the detected position of the object detected by a monocular camera, an object-determination-unit determining the object detected by a radar and the monocular camera as the same object under a condition that an overlapping portion of the radar search region and the image search region exists, and a two-wheeler-determination-unit determining whether an object type detected by the monocular camera is a two-wheeler. The image-region-setting-unit enlarges the image search region compared with a case where the object type is not the two-wheeler, under a condition that the object type is determined as the two-wheeler.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a human machine interface for a trailer hitch system. One method includes receiving, a first user input, and presenting on a display a captured video image including a coupler, and determining an area into which the vehicle can be guided. The method includes presenting an indication of the area overlaying the captured video image. The method includes, in response to receiving a second user input indicating a location relative to the coupler, and when the vehicle is not in a reverse gear, presenting a visual command to put the vehicle in the reverse gear, and, when the vehicle is in the reverse gear, automatically steering the vehicle to the coupler based on the location. The method includes, during the automatic steering, receiving the speed of the vehicle, and, when the speed exceeds a threshold, presenting on the display a second visual command to slow the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus activates a safety device for avoiding a collision of an own vehicle with a target or reducing damage caused by the collision. The vehicle control apparatus sets an activation condition for the safety device. The vehicle control apparatus determines whether each of a plurality of correction conditions for the activation condition is satisfied. The vehicle control apparatus determines whether to activate the safety device on the basis of the activation condition. The vehicle control apparatus sets the activation condition by correcting a reference condition on the basis of a correction value for a satisfied correction condition, and correcting the corrected reference condition on the basis of a correction value (destination correction value) for each destination.

Abstract: Computing a time-to-contact (TTC) of a vehicle with an object. The object includes a light source. The system mountable in the vehicle includes a camera and a processor configured to capture images of the object. The processor is operable to track a spot between the images to produce a tracked spot. The spot includes an image of the light source. The processor is operable to compute time-to-contact (TTC) responsive to changes in brightness of the tracked spot.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for rendering views to an output device and controlling a vehicle. The method includes determining a maneuver path for the vehicle within a spatial environment around the vehicle based on vehicle data from one or more vehicle systems of the vehicle. The method includes updating a view based on the spatial environment and the maneuver path, by augmenting one or more components of a model to provide a representation of the maneuver path virtually in the view as an available maneuver path or an unavailable maneuver path. The view is rendered to an output device and a vehicle maneuver request is generated based on the maneuver path. Further, the one or more vehicle systems are controlled to execute the vehicle maneuver request.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a first acquisition unit that acquires three-dimensional shape information indicating a result of measurement of a three-dimensional shape of an object, a second acquisition unit that acquires information indicating a motion of the object corresponding to the three-dimensional shape information acquired by the first acquisition unit, and a processing unit that processes the three-dimensional shape information acquired by the first acquisition unit, on a basis of the information indicating the motion of the object acquired by the second acquisition unit.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to techniques for sharing sensor information. The techniques may be practiced, for example, in a vehicle to vehicle (V2V) environment, where frequency resources are mapped based on vehicle location(s).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for considering a remote driver state. Embodiments decode, from a message received from a remote vehicle, a remote driver state of a driver of the remote vehicle and a level of the remote driver state. A change in a driving characteristic of a vehicle is determined based on the remote driver state and the level of the remote driver state. The change in the driving characteristic is then made.

Abstract: A bird's-eye view image generation device includes: an image data acquisition unit that acquires periphery image data obtained by photographing a periphery of a vehicle; an obstacle information acquisition unit that acquires positional information of an obstacle detected in the periphery of the vehicle; a bird's-eye view image generation unit that generates a bird's-eye view image obtained by combining periphery images acquired by the image data acquisition unit, the periphery images having been subjected to viewpoint conversion processing so that a virtual viewpoint is positioned at a position at which the vehicle and the obstacle can be overlooked, based on the positional information of the obstacle acquired by the obstacle information acquisition unit; and a display control unit that causes a display panel to display the bird's-eye view image generated by the bird's-eye view image generation unit.

Abstract: A reception unit receives a command which is either a leftward lane change command or a rightward lane change command. A traveling control unit controls the lane change, based on the lane change command. A lighting control unit turns on a direction indicator. A command determination unit causes the traveling control unit to cancel control of both the leftward and rightward lane changes and causes the lighting control unit to turn off the direction indicator, in spite of the reception unit receiving a first lane change command to either leftward or rightward direction as a lane change, and the traveling control unit starting first lane change control, if a second lane change command, which is in a direction opposite to the first lane change, is received before part of the vehicle enters an adjacent lane which is adjacent to a traveling lane where the vehicle travels.

Abstract: A periphery monitoring device according to an embodiment includes storage that stores therein image data generated by an imager mounted on a vehicle; a switching controller that switches between a first display mode in which current image data currently generated by the imager is displayed and a second display mode in which past image data previously generated by the imager is displayed, for display of the image data stored in the storage; and an output that outputs information to a display device at the time of switching between the first display mode for displaying the current image data being currently generated by the imager and the second display mode for displaying the past image data previously generated by the imager. The information represents a transition of the image data between when the past image data is generated and when the current image data is generated.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to a method and apparatus for application trailering in a motor vehicle. In particular, the system is operative to determine a trailer type and handling characteristic of a trailer in response to a micro-Doppler signature of the trailer.

Abstract: Safety circuit arrangement for failsafe shutdown of an electrically driven installation, comprising a safety switching device, having a safety switching relay that is configured to close or disconnect a power supply path to the installation in a failsafe manner, and a signaling device, having an actuator and a signal generator that is connected to the safety switching device by a first line. The actuator of the signaling device is interchangeable between first and second defined states and the signal generator is configured to generate a first clock signal on the first line only when the actuator is in the first defined state. Furthermore, the safety switching device is configured to draw electrical power from the first clock signal that is greater than or equal to the defined actuating power of the safety switching relay and to convert said electrical power to direct current for actuating the safety switching relay.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein are directed to employing an aggregation of participant sensor coverage areas to determine if there are missing coverage areas or unwanted overlapping coverage areas. If there are missing coverage areas, then at least one participant is instructed to modify its sensor coverage area to at least partially cover the missing coverage area. Conversely, if at least one participant has a sensor that is providing unwanted overlap of other sensor coverage areas, then that participant may be instructed to stop using that sensor, utilize that sensor for other data transmission purposes, or modify the coverage area to be non- or less-overlapping.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable media are disclosed for providing a mixed-reality scene. In response to a pedestrian detection event at a first vehicle, a sequence of mixed-reality images is presented to a driver of a second vehicle. At least one image in the sequence of mixed-reality images results from merging (a) an image captured by a camera aboard the first vehicle and (b) an image captured by a camera aboard the second vehicle. The merging may comprise de-emphasizing an occluded portion of the image captured by the camera aboard the second vehicle and emphasizing an unoccluded portion of the image captured by the camera aboard the first vehicle. The unoccluded portion of the image captured by the camera aboard the first vehicle may provide, in the merged image, visibility of a pedestrian at least partially blocked from a view of the driver of the second vehicle.

Abstract: An information processing method includes acquiring, from a device mounted on a vehicle, manual driving information indicating vehicle control for manual driving through a driving route section of the vehicle, acquiring from a device mounted on a vehicle, sensor information acquired via sensing on the vehicle through the driving route section. The information processing method further includes generating automated driving information indicating vehicle control for automated driving through the driving route section, based on the sensor information, and generating automated driving possibility information indicating a possibility of the automated driving through the driving route section, based on the manual driving information and the automated driving information.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a controller to control an operation of at least one component of the vehicle, a clock to synchronize the operation of the component of the vehicle, a memory to store a clock offset to the clock of the vehicle to synchronize the operation of the component of the vehicle, and a receiver to receive a set of heartbeat messages from a set of neighboring vehicles, each heartbeat message received from a neighboring vehicle includes a time of transmission of the heartbeat message, a location of the neighboring vehicle and a velocity of the neighboring vehicle. The receiver receives each heartbeat message at a corresponding receipt time measured using the clock of the vehicle.