Abstract: A global positioning system (GPS) receiver may include an antenna configured to receive GPS signals from GPS satellites, a radio frequency (RF) front end configured to pre-process signals received by the antenna, a demodulator/converter configured to perform demodulation and analog-to-digital conversion of output signals received from the RF front end, a clock configured to provide a consistent clock signal, and a digital signal processor configured to receive the clock signal and make time and code measurements associated with determining a location of the GPS receiver based on the signals received by the antenna. The GPS receiver may be configured to eliminate reflected or indirect signals from the time and code measurements.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrity monitoring method of ionosphere gradient based on kinematical to kinematical platform, comprising step 1, constructing geometry-free and ionospheric amplification type detection statistics, based on original triple-frequency carrier phase observations, step 2, adjusting a detection threshold based on a required monitoring false alarm rate, and determining whether the detection statistics are less than the adjusted detection threshold, step 3, comparing a calculated miss-detection rate and a required miss-detection rate, and determining whether the calculated miss-detection rate are less than the required miss-detection rate, and step 4, if the detection statistics are less than the adjusted detection threshold and the calculated miss-detection rate are less than the required miss-detection rate, considering the ionosphere gradient is normal.

Abstract: A satellite signal calibration system can receive sensor data from one or more sensors provided on a vehicle and detect satellite signal from one or more satellites of a satellite positioning system. Using the sensor data, the system can perform a localization operation to determine a current location of the vehicle. The system may then determine timing offsets of the satellite signals from each of the one or more satellites based at least in part on the current location of the vehicle.

Abstract: A scalable signal processing system is disclosed that processes digitized spectrum received from a constellation of satellites (or other sources), extracting multiple digital signals from multiple sources through multiple acquisition sites that is virtualized with high availability. A system of one or more antennas can receive a range of frequencies of raw spectrum covering multiple visible orbit planes, where a single antenna can receive signals from multiple satellite concurrently. This can be particularly useful when establishing a constellation satellites, where a number of satellites can be grouped together within an antenna's field of view. A group of digitizers receive the signals from the antennas and creates raw samples to form a spectrum sample pool. The spectrum sample pool is stored in a raw frame archive, where the digitizers and raw frame archive can be co-located and can also be co-located with one or more of the antennas.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a processor configured to measure a distance to a terminal apparatus around the information processing apparatus plural times during a first period before receipt of an operation of a user and during a second period after the receipt of the operation, and establish connection for wireless communication with the terminal apparatus in a case where the measured distances indicate that the terminal apparatus has approached the information processing apparatus during the first period and is within a close range from the information processing apparatus during the second period.

Abstract: A wireless receiver receives location pilots embedded in received symbols and uses the location pilots to detect the first path for every base station the network has designated for the receiver to use in time of arrival estimation. The receiver preferably applies matching pursuit strategies to offer a robust and reliable identification of a channel impulse response's first path. The receiver may also receive and use estimation pilots as a supplement to the location pilot information in determining time of arrival. The receiver can use metrics characteristic of the channel to improve the robustness and reliability of the identification of a CIR's first path. With the first path identified, the receiver measures the time of arrival for signals from that path and the receiver determines the observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) to respond to network requests for OTDOA and position determination measurements.

Abstract: A deceiving signal detection system includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a signal processor. The first antenna is configured to receive at least four radio wave signals. The signal processor determines that the radio wave signals are the deceiving signals by determining that a relative positional relation between the first antenna and the second antenna calculated on a basis of the radio wave signals deviates from an actual relative positional relation between the first antenna and the second antenna by more than a predetermined amount, and also determines whether an orientation of the aircraft determined based on positions of the first antenna and the second antenna matches an orientation of the aircraft calculated based on an inertial navigation system.

Abstract: A microservice node can receive a request for information identifying a corrected physical location of a client device. The request can include raw satellite data associated with the client device. The microservice node can convert the raw satellite data to a Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) format. The microservice node can determine, based on converting the raw satellite data to the RTCM format, an estimated physical location of the client device. The microservice node can receive, based on transmitting a request to a network real-time kinematics (RTK) device, corrections data associated with the estimated physical location of the client device. The microservice node can determine, using a cloud RTK engine, the corrected physical location of the client device based on the estimated physical location and corrections data. The microservice node can transmit, to the client device, the information identifying the corrected physical location of the client device.

Abstract: A tracking module processes the determined correlations to track a carrier of the received composite signal for estimation of a change in phase over a time period between a receiver antenna and one or more satellite transmitters that transmit the received signal as the receiver changes position with respect to an initial position during the time period. A relative position estimator estimates the relative position of the navigation receiver with respect to an initial position over the time period time by time-differencing of the phase measurements of the one or more tracked carrier signals. Bias estimators can estimate or compensate for errors in initial position and temporal changes in receiver clock and tropospheric delay.

Abstract: An antenna assembly has a solar layer having one or more solar cells generating solar power, an antenna layer connected to the solar layer and having electronic components utilizing the solar power generated by the solar layer, and a thermal dissipation device dissipating heat locally at the antenna assembly. A large number of antenna assemblies are connected to form an antenna array in which heat is generated locally at each antenna assembly and dissipated locally at each antenna assembly.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for navigation and positioning of a receiver, including: receiving basic broadcast messages and correction parameters of a plurality of satellites, and establishing a pseudorange observation equation and a carrier-phase observation equation corresponding to each of satellites respectively; correcting the pseudorange observation equation and the carrier-phase observation equation using the received correction parameters to obtain the corrected pseudorange observation equation and the corrected carrier-phase observation equation; constructing a first observation according to the corrected pseudorange observation equation and the corrected carrier-phase observation equation; constructing a second observation according to the corrected pseudorange observation equation and the corrected carrier-phase observation equation; and jointly solving the obtained first observations and second observations of the plurality of satellites to obtain anoperation result of user positioni

Abstract: Mitigation of satellite interference is contemplated. The mitigation may include processing satellite transmissions to remove interferences based on an amount of signal overlap, such as to facilitate mitigating interferences resulting from satellite spacing and/or ground antenna dish size.

Abstract: A positioning system for a global navigational satellite system (GNSS) includes a receiver to receive carrier signals and code signals transmitted from a set of GNSS satellites that include a carrier phase ambiguity as an unknown integer number of wavelengths of the carrier signal traveled between the satellite and the receiver, and a processor to track a position of the receiver. The processor is configured to determine a set of possible combinations of integer values of the carrier phase ambiguities consistent with the measurements of the carrier signal and the code signal according to one or combination of the motion model and the measurement model within bounds defined by one or combination of the process noise and the measurement noise and execute a set of position estimators determining positions of the receiver using different combinations of integer values of the carrier phase ambiguities selected from the set of possible combinations.

Abstract: Techniques provided herein are directed toward virtually extending an updated set of output positions of a mobile device determined by a VIO by combining a current set of VIO output positions with one or more previous sets of VIO output positions in such a way that ensure all outputs positions among the various combined sets of output positions are consistent. The combined sets can be used for accurate position determination of the mobile device. Moreover, the position determination further may be based on GNSS measurements.

Abstract: Position tracking systems and methods for tracking a physical location of a radio frequency (RF) transmitter include an RF transmitter transmitting an RF signal from a plurality of known locations. At least three RF receiver antennae are disposed at undetermined locations within range of the RF transmitter to receive the RF signals transmitted from the plurality of known locations. A receiver station in communication with the at least three RF receiver antennae initially calibrates a relative position of each RF receiver antenna with respect to the other RF receiver antennae based on the plurality of known locations and on information acquired in response to the RF signals received at the at least three RF receiver antennae.

Abstract: A wireless receiver receives location pilots embedded in received symbols and uses the location pilots to detect the first path for every base station the network has designated for the receiver to use in time of arrival estimation. The receiver preferably applies matching pursuit strategies to offer a robust and reliable identification of a channel impulse response's first path. The receiver may also receive and use estimation pilots as a supplement to the location pilot information in determining time of arrival. The receiver can use metrics characteristic of the channel to improve the robustness and reliability of the identification of a CIR's first path. With the first path identified, the receiver measures the time of arrival for signals from that path and the receiver determines the observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) to respond to network requests for OTDOA and position determination measurements.

Abstract: Individual pieces of position information are used to determine a location using a processor and multiple local position transmitters. The processor is supplied with at least four different navigation signals, each of which corresponds to a satellite signal on the basis of the global navigation satellite system. Each navigation signal contains information on the transmission time and the transmission location. The processor generates at least four modified navigation signals by temporally shifting navigation signals relative to one another such that the target location coordinates which can be obtained therefrom correspond to a target location on the basis of the global navigation satellite system. An analyzer then superimposes the at least four modified navigation signals in order to form a modified summation navigation signal and transmits same to the local position transmitters. The summation navigation signal is calculated individually for each local position transmitter.

Abstract: A system and method generates a phase scintillation map that is utilized to de-weight satellite signal observations from GNSS satellites. One or more base stations each assign an index value to one or more GNSS satellite in view, where the index value indicates an adverse effect of ionospheric scintillation on signals received from the GNSS satellite. The values and identifiers may be transmitted to a server. The server utilizes the received information to generate the phase scintillation map that may include one or more scintillation bubbles, wherein a location of each scintillation bubble is based on the received information. The phase scintillation map is transmitted to one or more rovers. The rover determines if a pierce point associated with a selected GNSS satellite in view of the rover falls within the boundaries of a scintillation bubble. If so, satellite signal observations from the selected GNSS satellite are de-weighted.

Abstract: A navigation satellite system includes a first electronic device that decides, based on received GNSS correction data, integer ambiguity in a difference between a first carrier phase of a first radio wave received by a fixed station and a second carrier phase of a second radio wave received by the first electronic device to calculate a path difference between the first radio wave and the second radio wave. The system also includes a second electronic device that calculates, based on the GNSS correction data, a difference between a third carrier phase of a third radio wave received by the second electronic device and the first carrier phase received from the first electronic device and calculates, by using the integer ambiguity, a path difference between the first radio wave and the third radio wave to calculate second relative coordinates of the second electronic device with respect to the fixed station.

Abstract: Disclosed in some examples are methods, systems, and machine-readable mediums to collect Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) corrections reliably via multiple network links. In some examples, the GNSS corrections are obtained at a GNSS correction server via multiple network links. The GNSS corrections are processed at the GNSS correction server via a voting algorithm that determines the optimal instance of the GNSS correction to forward to the remote GNSS Client.

Abstract: A method of inter-channel bias (ICB) calibration in a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver, the method comprises receiving a plurality of GNSS radio-frequency (RF) signals, converting the plurality of GNSS RF signals into a plurality of GNSS baseband signals utilizing an RF front-end processing unit, generating a measurement result according to the plurality of GNSS baseband signals utilizing a baseband processing unit, and calibrating the measurement result utilizing a plurality of pre-determined inter-channel biases.

Abstract: A global navigation system includes a first navigation receiver located in a rover and a second navigation receiver located in a base station. Single differences of measurements of satellite signals received at the two receivers are calculated and compared to single differences derived from an observation model. Anomalous measurements are detected and removed prior to performing computations for determining the output position of the rover and resolving integer ambiguities. Detection criteria are based on the residuals between the calculated and the derived single differences. For resolving integer ambiguities, computations based on Cholesky information Kalman filters and Householder transformations are advantageously applied. Changes in the state of the satellite constellation from one epoch to another are included in the computations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented for determining a position of a GNSS rover antenna from observations collected at the antenna over multiple epochs from satellite signals of multiple GNSS, wherein the observation data of each GNSS has a distinct data format. The observation data of each GNSS are presented in a generic GNSS data format, which differs from the distinct data format of the GNSS, to obtain a set of generic data. A set of difference data is prepared representing differences between the converted observation data and the generic data. When at least four satellites are tracked, the generic data of the tracked satellites of multiple GNSS are used to compute a standalone antenna position. When at least five satellites are tracked, the generic data of the tracked satellites of multiple GNSS are used to compute a real-time kinematic antenna position.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus tracking a global navigation satellite system signal. The method includes generating respective replica codes including an E code, P code, L code, first code and second code, calculating correlation values for a received satellite signal and the replica codes, discriminating between gradients of a plurality of slopes derived from correlation points respectively corresponding to the replica codes, and detecting a time delay due to multipath signal components according to a discrimination result.

Abstract: A processing function to monitor a horizontal delay gradient in satellite signals is provided. The processing function includes a satellite differencing module, a double differencing module, a parity test module, and a gradient estimator module. The satellite differencing module receives carrier phase measurements for at least two satellites from at least three reference receivers. The satellite differencing module determines differences in the carrier phase measurements between signals from the monitored satellite and at least one of the at least one other satellite. The double differencing module: forms double-differences between pairs of the reference receivers; compensates the double-differences between the pairs; performs a modulo operation; and averages the double differences. The parity test module inputs the averaged compensated double differences when the average exceeds a parity enable threshold. The gradient estimator module configured is to estimate a magnitude of the horizontal delay gradient.

Abstract: Various implementations of the invention comprise a position tracking module, a transmitter, and a controller. The position tracking module collects measurements from a plurality of positioning satellites, where the collected measurements may be used to determine a position of said mobile terminal. The transmitter transmits status reports to an operations center. The controller controls an activation of the transmitter based on an analysis of a geographic cost function, where the geographic cost function identifies a geographic area in which the controller alters a communication parameter of the mobile terminal. The alteration of the communication parameter may be used by the operations center as a basis for a change in a billing rate during at least part of a time that the mobile terminal is resident within the geographic area.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating the position of an object, such as a person, animal, or machine. The system includes first and second inertial measurement units, a first and second originator antennas, and a first and second transponder antennas. The system uses data from the inertial measurement units to estimate a position of the object. The system also calculates a range measurement between the first originator antenna and first transponder antenna. The system calculates a first CPD measurement between the second transponder antenna and the first originator antenna, and a second CPD measurement between the second originator antenna and the first transponder antenna. The range measurement and at least one CPD measurement are used to update a Kalman filter for estimating the position of the object. The system determines also updates the Kalman filter when one of the inertial measurement units is in a zero-velocity condition.

Abstract: A GNSS receiver includes: a first correlation peak detecting unit (1102) that detects a peak of a correlation value between a positioning signal and a C/A code replica signal; a second correlation peak detecting unit (1104) that detects a peak of the correlation value through a multipath error reduction technique; a signal intensity detecting unit (110, 112) that detects a signal intensity of the positioning signal; a switching unit (108) that inputs the positioning signal to the second correlation peak detecting unit (1104) when the signal intensity is higher than or equal to a threshold, and inputs the positioning signal to the first correlation peak detecting unit (1102) when the signal intensity is lower than the threshold; a pseudo-range calculation unit (114) that calculates a pseudo-range based on the detected correlation peak; and a positioning calculation unit (116) that calculates a location of the GNSS receiver based on the pseudo-range.

Abstract: The position of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) surveying receiver is determined based on a plurality of RTK engines. A first RTK engine is implementing using a first set of parameters. A second RTK engine is implemented using a second set of parameter different than the first set. A plurality of GNSS signals are received from multiple satellites. At least one correction signal is received from at least one base receiver. A first position is determined from the first RTK engine based on the GNSS signals and the at least one correction signal. A second position is determined from the first RTK engine based on the GNSS signals and the at least one correction signal. A final position of the GNSS surveying receiver is determined based on the first position or the second position or a combination of both positions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for navigation of a vehicle may carry out one or more operations including, but not limited to: obtaining coordinates of a vector connecting two points in space using carrier phase measurements from global navigation system satellites (GNSS); setting the vector as an intended path of a vehicle; storing carrier phase signals from a GNSS receiver received at a first position of the vehicle; receiving carrier phase signals from a GNSS receiver at a second position of the vehicle; and determining a position of the vehicle relative to the intended path from one or more carrier phase signals received at the second position and one or more stored carrier phase signals received at the first position.

Abstract: A system and method for asset tracking configuration of a mobile terminal. A mobile terminal can be designed to enable a remote determination of an asset position. In one embodiment, the mobile terminal can include a configured function that enables the mobile terminal to reconfigure mobile terminal operation (e.g., activation of a GPS engine).

Abstract: A vehicle control system having a controller and a spatial database adapted to provide spatial data to the controller at control speed. The spatial data provided from the spatial database to the controller includes images collected from an optical sensor subsystem in addition to other data collected by a variety of sensor types, including a GNSS or inertial measurement system. The spatial data received by the controller from the database forms at least part of the control inputs that the controller operates on to control the vehicle. The advantage provided by the present invention allows control system to “think” directly in terms of spatial location. A vehicle control system in accordance with one particular embodiment of the invention comprises a task path generator, a spatial database, at least one external spatial data receiver, a vehicle attitude compensation module, a position error generator, a controller, and actuators to control the vehicle.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to positioning systems and location determination using measurement stitching.

Abstract: A GNSS smart antenna system includes an antenna, a processor and a receiver combination unit adapted for economical construction and enhanced performance when performing differential guidance operations. The antenna unit includes a dual frequency antenna, a dual frequency receiver unit, dual processors, and a radio bay for receiving a radio device. Rover and base smart antenna units are interchangeable in the system.

Abstract: Method to estimate parameters derived at least from GNSS signals useful to determine a position, including obtaining at least one GNSS signal observed at a GNSS receiver from each of a plurality of GNSS satellites; receiving global correction information useful to correct at least the obtained GNSS signals from a first set of GNSS satellites, wherein the global correction information includes correction information which is independent from the position to be determined; receiving local correction information useful to correct at least the obtained GNSS signals from a second set of GNSS satellites, wherein the local correction information includes correction information which is dependent on the position to be determined; processing the obtained GNSS signals from the first set of GNSS satellites by using the global correction information; and processing the obtained GNSS signals from the second set of GNSS satellites by using the local correction information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for tracking the carrier phase of a signal received from a satellite by a carrier using a carrier loop of the carrier phase, said signal being acquired by a navigation system of the carrier, said navigation system including a receiver for location by radio navigation, and a self-contained unit, wherein the receiver is suitable for acquiring and tracking the phase of the carrier of the signal from the satellite.

Abstract: A wireless communication system having a time synchronization mechanism is provided. The wireless communication system comprises a first receiver and a second receiver. The first receiver tracks a code phase data of a satellite to generate a synchronization data related to a sync phase position and a first receiver phase position corresponding to one of first receiver time pulses. The second receiver comprises a receiving unit, a tracking unit and a computing unit. The receiving unit receives the synchronization data from the first receiver through a network. The tracking unit tracks the code phase data of the satellite to obtain a second receiver phase position corresponding to one of second receiver time pulses. The computing unit performs a time synchronization process with the first receiver and the satellite according to the code phase data, the synchronization data and the second receiver phase position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiple carrier smoothing method for navigation satellite signals, in particular a three carrier smoothing method for Galileo signals. It provides a smoothed code solution, which is ionosphere-free to the first order and whose noise is reduced to sub-decimeter level. The method involves integer ambiguities, which can be resolved reliably. The sensitivity of the new method to receiver biases and ionospheric delays of the second order is small. The performance of the three carrier smoothing method allows to reduce the averaging interval to ?-th of its current standard value. The results refer to pseudo ranges and are geometry independent.

Abstract: In a position measuring method, GPS ranging data obtained at a reference station 1 and an observation station 2 is inputted to four solution calculating sections 12, RTK solutions such as a fix solution at the observation station 2 are calculated in the solution calculating sections 12 according to the RTK system, and the RTK solutions are inputted to a solution obtaining unit 13. Further, it is decided whether or not the RTK solutions include multiple fix solutions. When it is decided that the RTK solutions include multiple fix solutions, deviations between the fix solutions are determined and it is decided whether or not the deviations exceed an allowable value. When it is decided that none of the deviations exceed the allowable value, predetermined arithmetic processing is performed on the fix solutions to obtain a normal fix solution. Moreover, the solution calculating sections are sequentially restarted at predetermined time intervals.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a position of a global positioning system (GPS) receiver are provided. A first satellite and a second satellite that have an unobstructed communication path to the GPS receiver are identified. For each of the first and second satellites, data received is used to determine a satellite position and a code phase for a transmitted satellite signal. A relative code phase is calculated between the transmitted satellite signals of the first satellite and the second satellite, where the relative code phase is a difference between the determined code phases. The position of the GPS receiver is determined based on the satellite positions of the first and second satellite and the relative code phase.

Abstract: The inter-mobile body carrier phase positioning device according to the invention includes: a first observation data acquisition means that acquires observation data concerning a phase accumulation value observed in a first mobile body; a second observation data acquisition means that acquires observation data concerning a phase accumulation value observed in a second mobile body; a satellite pair determination means that determines pairs of satellites used for carrier phase positioning; and a carrier phase positioning means that takes, between each of the pairs of the satellites determined by the satellite pair determination means, a single or double difference between the observation data acquired by the first observation data acquisition means and the observation data acquired by the second observation data acquisition means, and determines relative positional relation between the first mobile body and the second mobile body by carrier phase positioning using the single or double difference of the observat

Abstract: A geographic tracking system with minimal power and size required at the mobile terminal collects observation data at the mobile terminal and forwards the data to a processor, which calculates the position. The mobile terminal is configured to measure both code phase and data phase of a GPS satellite signal. The code phase and data phase information enables the processor to reduce the number of candidate points to be considered.

Abstract: A method for determining a position using a GNSS system having a plurality of GNSS satellites and one or more augmentation systems, which method includes the steps of obtaining a code or phase measurement from the GNSS satellite signals, generating measurement groups, and generating corrected measurement groups by applying code or phase corrections from the augmentation systems, and applying combinations of the corrected measurements in a filter which outputs a position and ambiguity estimate.

Abstract: A method and system for estimating the position comprises measuring a first carrier phase of a first carrier signal and a second carrier phase of a second carrier signal received by a location-determining receiver. A primary real time kinematic (RTK) engine or receiver data processing system estimates a primary integer ambiguity set associated with at least one of the measured first carrier phase and the measured second carrier phase. A quality evaluator determines if a primary integer ambiguity set is resolved correctly to the predefined reliability rate during an earlier evaluation period. A secondary real time kinematic (RTK) engine or receiver data processing system estimates a secondary integer ambiguity set associated with at least one of the measured first carrier phase and the measured second carrier phase during a later period following the earlier evaluation period.

Abstract: A global positioning system includes a base GNSS receiver that determines position and carrier phase measurements for GNSS satellites in view and a rover GNSS receiver, which is a single frequency receiver that captures GNSS satellite signals transmitted in the single frequency band during a capture window from a plurality of GNSS satellites, the plurality being large enough to provide a carrier phase data set from which a solution to associated integer carrier phase ambiguities is over determined. The system determining from the captured signals, a search space associated with the satellites in view, the code phase delays and associated position uncertainty. The system resolving the integer carrier cycle ambiguities using double difference carrier phase measurements associated with signal power values that are over a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method comprising receiving at least one set of data on satellite signals from at least one first GNSS receiver 22, each received set of data being associated to a particular instant of time. The method further comprises estimating data for at least one additional set of data associated to a respective additional instant of time based on the at least one received set of data. The method further comprises providing data from the at least one additional set of data in addition to data from the at least one received set of data for a determination of a position of at least one second GNSS receiver 12 relative to a position of the at least one first GNSS receiver 22.

Abstract: A computer apparatus for post positioning with a selected precision. The apparatus includes a GNSS post processor to post process reference GNSS carrier phases from a reference system and rover GNSS carrier phases from a rover receiver to compute a secure position for the rover receiver not available to a user. The apparatus includes a random process generator to generate a sequence of offset vectors to dither the secure position according to a computed dither level to provide the selected precision for a user-available position for the rover receiver.

Abstract: A GNSS receiver includes: a first correlation peak detecting unit (1102) that detects a peak of a correlation value between a positioning signal and a C/A code replica signal; a second correlation peak detecting unit (1104) that detects a peak of the correlation value through a multipath error reduction technique; a signal intensity detecting unit (110, 112) that detects a signal intensity of the positioning signal; a switching unit (108) that inputs the positioning signal to the second correlation peak detecting unit (1104) when the signal intensity is higher than or equal to a threshold, and inputs the positioning signal to the first correlation peak detecting unit (1102) when the signal intensity is lower than the threshold; a pseudo-range calculation unit (114) that calculates a pseudo-range based on the detected correlation peak; and a positioning calculation unit (116) that calculates a location of the GNSS receiver based on the pseudo-range.

Abstract: Ground stations 20, 21 receive any signal transmitted by a geostationary artificial satellite 10, and store the reception signal together with the reception time thereof. A difference ?t in reception time of a same signal between the ground station 20 and the ground station 21 is calculated by performing correlation processing of the reception signal of the ground station 20 and the reception signal of the ground station 21. A distance R20 between the ground station 20 and the geostationary artificial satellite 10 is measured by a distance measurement device. A distance R21 between the ground station 21 and the geostationary artificial satellite 10 is calculated on the basis of the distance R20 obtained by measurement and the difference ?t in reception times, as obtained by correlation processing.

Abstract: We describe a device that is able to compute its range and time offset relative to another similar device, and thereby also a three-dimensional position, speed and time relative to other similar devices provided that at least four are present and within range. It does so by transmitting at least two signals at different frequencies and by receiving similar signals transmitted by the other devices. The signals are constructed so that they are independent of the radio band used and so that they lead to cancellation of common-mode effects in the transmitter and receiver circuits. No fixed infrastructure of transmitters, receivers or local measurement units is required and the devices do not need to be synchronized. The system scales to very large networks of devices in which they work collectively each solving a part of the problem that describes the relative positions of all interconnected devices.